Class hour puppet theater. Class hour on extracurricular activities

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Theater is a place for spectacle. Theater is a type of art, the specific means of expression of which is stage action, which arises in the process of actors playing in front of an audience Stage - a platform on which a performance takes place Stage - part of an action, an act in a play, performance Stage - in in a broad sense the same as theater. A performance is a work of art. theatrical arts, which is created on the basis of a dramatic or theatrical work in accordance with the director’s plan and under his leadership through the joint efforts of actors, as well as an artist and composer. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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TYPES OF THEATER PUPPET THEATER DRAMA THEATER OPERA AND BALLET COMEDY THEATER SHADOW THEATER TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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FROM THE HISTORY OF THE PUPPET THEATER In old Russia there were no state puppet theaters. At fairs, on boulevards, and in city courtyards, traveling magicians, acrobats and puppeteers gave small performances. Usually one of them turned the handle of the organ. To the loud sounds of music, the puppeteer showed from behind a small screen how the funny, long-nosed, loud Parsley beats with a stick the tsarist officer who wants to take him into the army. From the clever Petrushka, both the ignorant doctor who did not know how to heal and the deceitful merchant got the worst of it. The life of folk puppeteers - traveling actors - was very difficult and was not much different from the life of beggars. After the performance, the puppeteer actor took off his hat and handed it to the audience. Whoever wanted to throw copper pennies into his hat. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS HORSE Puppets SHADOW PUPPETS Puppets AUTOMATIC DOLLS GIANT DOLLS TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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RIDING Puppets OVER THE SCREEN CANE Controlled by one or more actors using canes GLOVE Controlled by the puppeteer's hand FINGER Controlled by the puppeteer's fingers TYPES OF THEATER Puppets

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CANE DOLLS Cane puppets are larger than glove puppets (head size can be up to 20 cm). This doll is lifted above the screen with the help of a rod inserted inside, which is called a "gapit". Canes - sticks (wires) are attached to the doll's hands, which the puppeteer moves. The doll's arms bend at the elbows, the head can turn and tilt. Such dolls, with their smooth and majestic movements, are indispensable in heroic and romantic performances. Their design allows you to perform a wide variety of movements and fill the performance with interesting tricks and finds. Most puppet theaters in our country, including the Central Puppet Theater S.V. Obraztsova, use a wide variety of cane puppet systems in their work. These dolls are called riding dolls because the actors lift them above themselves during the performance. At the same time, the viewer sees them not in full height- the lower part is hidden by a screen. Therefore, riding dolls are often made without legs. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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Mitten dolls were born from ordinary knitted mittens. Mittens do not have to be knitted from yarn; dolls sewn on the basis of work mittens look more expressive, because there is great opportunity for appliquéing faces, muzzles and clothing. These dolls are good because they are very easy to control and are intended for children of the most younger ages. We can make such “mittens” based on any fairy tale. DOLLS - MITTENS. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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CANE DOLL WITH OPENING MOUTH. We present you new toys for the puppet theater. These are cane dolls with opening mouths. The hand sticks into the mouth (mouth) of the toy and controls it. The other hand uses canes to control the doll's "arms". The total height of the doll is 50-55 cm. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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CONE THEATER. It is not necessary to have a screen, decorations, or a specially equipped place in classes with children, when playing out some kind of fairy tale with them. You can show the children a fairy tale or act out a play together on an ordinary table. Dolls intended for this purpose must stand firmly on the table and be easy to move around. Theater on the table is the simplest and most accessible theater for children of all ages. The doll's body is made in the form of a cone, to which the doll's head and arms are attached. The size of such a doll can be from 30 to 10 cm. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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FINGER THEATER. Finger puppets are the smallest puppet theater artists. Their height is only 7 - 9 centimeters. You can easily take these babies with you on any trip, for a walk or when visiting someone. These dolls can be a charming souvenir for your friend's son or daughter, especially if it's their favorite one. fairy tale character. Tiny puppets will become playmates for a child already at age three years. But you should not give them to very young children, so that they do not tear off and swallow the glued parts. The child puts the doll on his fingers and acts as the character depicted on his hand. As the action progresses, the child moves one or more fingers, pronouncing the text, moving his hand behind the screen (if there is one). You can do without a screen and depict actions by moving freely around the room. Finger Theater good when you need to show several characters at the same time. For example, in the fairy tale "Turnip" new characters appear one after another. Such a performance can be performed by one child using his fingers. Fairy tales "Twelve Months", " Swan geese"and others with many characters can be shown by two or three children. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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WALKING DOLLS. These toys can serve as tabletop theater, designed for the development of motor skills of a child's hand. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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“LIVING HANDS” DOLLS. Bright and expressive possibilities has a very simple doll with a “living” hand. If glove and cane puppets at least imply a body, then there is none here. Instead of the doll's hands, the hands of the puppeteer work in gloves sewn to the dress - the doll's costume. The basis of imitation of a doll's costume is a triangle or square made of fabric. The doll's head (up to 25 - 30 cm in diameter) is attached to the costume in the neck area and hung on strings around the puppeteer's neck. This doll allows you to highlight the most subtle nuances feelings and moods of the hero, she has expressive gestures and can perform complex actions, inaccessible to other dolls (pointing, writing, taking hands, stroking a child’s head, etc.) TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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GLOVE PUPPETS. Otherwise it is called parsley, because this is how Parsley is designed. Since ancient times, in Rus' there have been parsley players - actors who performed with dolls - Parsleys, placed on the actor's hand. Wherein forefinger the actor goes into the doll’s head, and the large and medium ones go into the sleeves of her costume. The movements of her head, arms, and torso are carried out using movements of the fingers and hand. The glove puppet's head can be anywhere from the size of a ping pong ball to a large apple. Too much big head makes the actor's work difficult, because her weight falls on his one finger. Glove puppets are very mobile and expressive. True, their arms stick up, but experienced actors They act very cleverly. In China, for example, where puppetry is extremely developed, puppeteers manage to put their hands behind the doll’s back or open a tiny umbrella with them. With the help of glove puppets, you can act out various scenes on topical topics, use them as funny assistants in classes in kindergartens, stage various performances and even variety acts. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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FLOOR DOLLS. Floor dolls are large dolls. Their height depends on the height of the puppeteer and can be from 1 m to 1.5 m. Working with such dolls is very interesting. They are led “in the open” by one or two performers. This doll has large empty (without filling) sewn hands and slippers into which the puppeteer inserts his palms and feet; the head of such a doll can be hung on the puppeteer’s neck using ropes, or the puppeteer’s hand can be placed in a pocket located on the back of the doll’s head (then the doll can turn and tilt its head). Big dolls have rich stage capabilities: they walk among children, spectators, take their hands, can dance with them, bend over a drawing child and see what he is doing, how he writes, etc. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

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GLOVE PUPPETS OR BIBABO. Bibabo dolls usually operate on a screen behind which the driver is hidden. But when the game is familiar or the dolls are driven by the children themselves, that is, the moment of mystery has disappeared, then the drivers can go out to the audience, communicate with them, give them something, take them by the hand, and involve them in the game. Such “exposure” does not reduce, but rather increases the interest and activity of the children. When children see an adult playing with bibabo dolls, they will most likely want to learn how to drive such dolls themselves. If the doll turns out to be too big for a child’s hand, then not one, but two children’s fingers can be inserted into the doll’s head. Shorten the doll's sleeves so that the children's fingers fit into the sleeves of the doll's hands. You can make dolls especially for children's hands. Show the children how the doll should move and how to move it on the screen. Dolls must constantly move, as if they were alive, they cannot be fixed on a plane or table. But you can create a lot with them funny skits and use the same dolls in repeated games, constantly maintaining the children’s interest in them. TYPES OF THEATER PUPPETS

Our friend is the theater.

There are two epigraphs written on the board.

If two people are talking and a third listens to their conversation, this is already theater.

Theater is a pulpit from which you can say a lot to the world.

Target: nurturing the spiritual and moral qualities of schoolchildren, enhancing the cultural leisure of adolescents.

Know and take into account the personal qualities of a child and an adult.

Tasks: support creative success students, conversation about the theater.

Teacher: Do you like theater? How many of you love the theater?

We say theater - and a building with columns appears in front of us, looking like a temple. The theater is the temple. Everything in the theater is a little unreal scenery. And the eternal is true. Truth is the soul of the theater. But what a difficult, complex truth this is. And how great it is. After all, our land itself is a huge theater, and we are all like artists, and everyone has their own role in the theater of life. After all, W. Shakespeare wrote: “The whole world is a theater. There are women, men, all actors. They have exits and exits. And everyone plays more than one role"

Or maybe each of us is our own theater? Our life, memory is a performance: Characters and the performers are those whom we love, who live next to us, and whom we cannot do without.

Theater (from the Greek word) means spectacle. Theater is special and beautiful world. There are several types of theater: puppet theater, miniature theater, ice theater, shadow theater, Youth Theater, opera and ballet theater.

The Prophet: Who among us doesn’t love the theater? What is theater? This is a true temple of art, upon entering which you are separated from the earth. Poem: “What is theater” (words by L. Kalinovskaya)

What is theater?

This is a new dress

And excitement in my chest

Impossible to accommodate...

It's a holiday in the middle of everyday life

And a wonderful tomorrow -

I wish I could reach it soon!

What is theater?

This is joy and torment,

This is a pain for friends

That they live on stage.

After all, they are drawn to you

Anxious hands

And into your real world

What is theater?

You are sitting in a dark hall,

Everything has become quiet around

Only the heart sings.

You are sitting in a dark hall

Close to friends...

Are you waiting for a miracle -

And a miracle will come!

Presenter. We want to remind you how to behave in the theater (behavior in the theater)

Two students come out.

Prepare for your visit to the theater in advance. Plan your time so that you have time to go home before the theater (change clothes, fix your hair, have a light snack). It is advisable to come to the theater 15-20 minutes before the start of the performance. If you are late, then, of course, you should not bother anyone. Take an empty seat in the last rows. If you come to the theater with a man, then he takes numbers from the wardrobe, buys a program and is the first to enter auditorium, finds the required row. She is the first to go to her seat (facing those sitting). If you decide to use binoculars, do not look at the audience through them. You should not have rustling bags or large backpacks in your hands. It is not recommended to bring chocolate or apples into the hall. Maintaining silence is the main rule. Before you begin, turn off your mobile phones.

Do not express your opinion during the performance. This can disturb not only the audience, but also the actors. You can exchange your impressions during the intermission. In the theater, follow all generally accepted rules: be tactful, courteous, helpful, not only in the theater, but also in the wardrobe, buffet, and foyer. After the end of the performance, when the actors take their bows, it is tactless to immediately run to the wardrobe.

Repeat the words more often: “Be kind”, “Thank you”, and you will always have good mood. You will feel confident in any situation and will impress others as a well-mannered, cultured person.

Presenter. Now we have a game-changer. You must find mistakes by listening to the boys' speeches.

· When handing your things to the cloakroom attendant, under no circumstances throw your coat over the barrier. Let him do the work himself. If each of the several hundred spectators does this, the wardrobe attendant will develop wonderful muscles in his arms.

· It is best to hang the number on your finger, so it will be convenient to rotate it in the foyer and during the concert. It is for this purpose that a hole is made on the numbers or a string is tied.

· If your seats are in the middle of a row, do not rush to take them. Let everyone else sit down first. But then, when you pass, they will have to stand up. It's like exercise and good for your health.

· Once you are settled in place, start clapping. It’s simply unfair that you’re already ready and the show or movie doesn’t start. There is an assumption that if some spectators had not clapped so persistently, performances and films would never have started at all.

· Don’t forget: it’s not very often that you and your friend have to sit next to each other for one and a half to two hours. Use this opportunity to share all the news and discuss difficult questions. One bad thing: sometimes you have to strain vocal cords, because the music or the actors’ lines interfere.

· Buy chocolate from the buffet, but don’t eat it right away. Go into the hall and, rustling loudly, unfold the foil when the singer or violinist comes on stage. Know how nice it is to eat chocolate and candies while listening to music!

· Remember that staying still for a long time is very harmful to the body. Therefore, move more: turn, bend, rest your feet on the back of the front chair and push your neighbors’ hands off the armrests.

· Don't be selfish. If you know the content of the film or play, quickly tell your neighbors the most important things: Tom Sawyer and Becky will come down from the cave; this German is not a fascist at all, but our intelligence officer, etc.

What's happened? What's happened?!

Why is everything going around?

Spun, spun

And the wheel went off?

A girl and a boy come out. Girl pulls the boy's hand.

You weren't the only one who didn't wash your face,

And I remained dirty!

And ran away from the dirty

All toys and friends!

The boy breaks free, runs back and shows her various grimaces.

Girl: Oh! How much effort I spent on raising you and it was all in vain! Look around at good guests. They all came here washed, combed, dressed up, look.

Boy: You're lying. That one over there, uncut, and that one. And that one doesn’t have a button (points with finger)

Girl: You're arguing with me again. Again you sort things out when you need to prepare to receive guests.

Boy: No guests, I don’t want guests, I don’t want guests! You'll have to cut your nails and change your clothes!

The presenter comes out. Guys, theater artists have come to visit us. We will show our performances to the guests. Girls from our class are dancing. The dance is called "Shady Lady".

Presenter. From the class perform own composition a song called "Love Has No End".

Presenter. We also want to show how our boys can draw. Posters hang on the board. Title: “We are in the theater”, “Our class is watching the performance”

Two girls come out. Staging.

Pupils! Isn't it time for us to remember about school?

Well, as always! At the most interesting point!

No need to talk about sad things!

Yes, there is no attack at school, no matter how you get to the director!

What's on the director's mind, what's on the head teacher's tongue!

The head teacher is not a friend to parents!

To hit or not to hit? Dad's question!

What have you done? And the names are not the same for you, and the school!

You don't choose your homeland! She's like a puddle in front of our school! Like dirt on sidewalks: imperishable and eternal!

Such melancholy, such melancholy will dry up!

And there is a proven remedy for melancholy...

Glue "Moment"! Unscrew the cap and...

Is it possible to talk about this?!

Talk - no. And you are allowed to glue your neighbor to a chair!

I'm actually talking about the game!.. And so, dear players, you have to guess.

We play “winding up”, oh, excuse me, “guessing games”!

It’s like mom told dad it’s an infection.

In order for this to happen, they are preparing for it...

Yes, there are aunts and uncles, and all together...

They have fun together. Mom says that if you get sick with this, it will last for a long time.

And in order for it to be fun, everyone yells, oh. They sing and dance!

And those who look at this think: “Fools, not fools...”

And they are also judged for this, but not strictly and not for long...

The biggest is five...

Of course, dad says that there is a deadline for such jokes!

So, dear players, what kind of game is this, where they laugh at what they laugh at? normal people are they crying?

Answer: the game is called “Comedy Club”, “KVN”.

Comic dramatizations are performed by students from the Comedy Club and KVN.

And now a few questions about what you know about the theater. There's a crossword on the board. The presenter asks questions.

Horizontally:

1) We learn about the performance from ... (posters)

2) Necessary and main stage of creating a performance (rehearsal)

4) Actors play on ... (stage)

6) During a performance, actors need different things, together they are called ... (props)

8) We come to the theater to watch...what? (play)

9) Famous figure of Soviet art said: “The theater begins with... (hanger)

Vertically:

1) Without a person of this profession, we cannot watch theater (artist)

2) Stage decoration (decoration)

5) Before the start of the performance, the stage is closed from the audience... (curtain)

7) Item of masquerade performance (mask)

Music is playing. The teacher thanks everyone for their attention and thanks the students who participated.

Literature.

. “Let’s talk about good manners.” - “Petrozavodsk” Karelia,” 1991. pp. 36-40

. “Do-it-yourself holiday. From advice to script. – Rostov on Don: Phoenix, 2007.

L. Kalinovskaya. The one who walks will master the road. Collection of methodological materials.-Saratov, 2005.

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Lesson objectives.

Educational:

• deepen students' knowledge about folk puppet theater;
• talk about the personality of S.V. Obraztsov and about the theater that bears his name;
• introduce students to the play by S.Ya. Marshak “Parsley the Foreigner”.

Educational:

• develop the imagination and creative potential of students;
• develop interest in the subject and the theater;
• develop an aesthetic attitude to reality.

Educational:

• develop the ability to listen and conduct dialogue;
• cultivate respect for cultural heritage different peoples.

Equipment: computer, media projector, screen, recording of buffoon songs, collection of dolls (made by students previous generations), a screen, dolls and all the necessary props for the performance of the play “Petrushka the Foreigner” by S. Ya. Marshak. (Annex 1)

Stage I. Preparatory

1. To prepare a performance based on S. Marshak’s play “Petrushka the Foreigner,” you can involve high school students, but fifth-graders will also be interested in participating in the play.
2. The rest of the students receive assignments for the lesson:

• Review what you have learned on the topic “Folk Puppet Theater”.
• Try on your own (or together with your friends) to come up with funny jokes from school or class life.

Stage II. Implementation of the idea

During the classes

1. Organizational moment

2. “Immersion in the topic”

Buffoon tunes sound.

Students write down the topic of the lesson “The world of playing dolls.”

Teacher's opening remarks:

Children, today we will make an unusual journey. You know, for a trip to take place, you need to prepare for it. Do a small task: write down the word “doll” in your notebook, and under it in a column the words that arise in association with this word.

Student Survey

Of course, you know the world of dolls well, but today we have to learn a lot of new things, because we will take a journey into the world of playing dolls.

3. Repetition of what has been learned

Part I. People's satirical theater

Slide 2. “Once upon a time, in a town on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, there lived an old carpenter, Giuseppe, nicknamed Gray Nose.

One day he came across a log, an ordinary log for heating the hearth in the winter.”

Of course, this is how Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy’s fairy tale story “The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio” begins, which was written based on the fairy tale by Carlo Collodi “The Adventures of Pinocchio, or the Adventures of a Wooden Doll.” The action of the fairy tale by A. N. Tolstoy takes place in Italy. It tells about the adventures of the wooden doll Pinocchio. Who remembers how it ends?

Slide 3. And the fairy tale ends with a performance at the Molniya puppet theater, where the puppets themselves write plays in verse and act in them themselves.

What was it like in life? Puppet theater is a very ancient form of theatrical art. He was known to many peoples of the world. In Europe, puppet theater appeared in the era of antiquity. In ancient Greece and Rome, home performances were performed.

4. Studying new material with passing repetition of what has been covered

Slide 4. Let's go to Italy. By the end of the 16th century, a folk satirical puppet theater was finally formed in Italy. Puppet shows were performed on a screen-booth or tent. On this screen-tent with a built-on theatrical portal there were glove puppets, which the Italians distinguished among others with the term “burattini”. Puppeteers who use this technique are called “burattinai”.

Slide 5. The main character of the Burattin theater was the cheerful, cheerful Pulcinella. He had a squeaky voice created by a squeak - a metal device made of two thin plates tied with braid (pivetta in Italian); The puppeteer holds a squeak in his mouth when he speaks for Pulcinella.

Slide 6. If we move north from Italy and set foot on French soil, we will find here the same types of puppet theater. At this time, Cardinal Mazarin unofficially ruled the country; he did not arouse the sympathy of either the French nobility or the people. Evil satirical poems – “mazarinades” – circulated around Paris. One of them was signed with the name of Polichinelle. The Polichinelle Theater belonged to the puppeteer Jean Brioche, his real name was Giovanni Briocci. He was Italian by birth, and his Italian Pulcinella became Polichinelle in France. Polichinelle was recognized by the French as “one of their own” and spoke on behalf of the French people.

The oldest Polichinelle glove puppets known from paintings, drawings or museums belong to XVIII century. At this time, Polichinelle grew two humps - in front and behind. On his head is a triangular hat, worn over a white wig. Lace cuffs protrude from the sleeves of the caftan. A lush lace collar surrounds the neck. This Polichinelle is already a real Frenchman, at least outwardly.

Slide 7. Folk puppet heroes who knew how to express feelings ordinary people, appeared in other countries. In England, Punch became a favorite of the audience.

Slide 8. In Germany, such a hero was Ganswurst, in Holland - Pickelgering. Kašparek was born in the Czech Republic somewhat later.

Guys, remember what you know about the Russian folk puppet theater. Who main character in folk comedies? What does he have in common with puppet heroes of other nations? Remember Petrushka’s appearance (proposed answer: Petrushka has a huge nose, a protruding chin and hump; Petrushka is wearing a red shirt and a cap with bells on her head). What is his character like? (Students' answer.)

Slide 9. By character (courage, audacity, mockery) they are all relatives of our Parsley.

Who are they? Let's once again name the names of folk puppet heroes.

What men and working people could not, did not dare to say out loud, dolls shouted loudly in squares and fairs. What will you do for Petrushka? Performances by traveling puppeteers were prohibited. Wooden platforms and light screens were removed. But the next day Petrushkin’s screen appeared in the neighboring village and the dolls again boldly and boldly, loudly expressed the secret thoughts of the assembled spectators.

Conclusion: every nation has its own puppet heroes, similar in some ways and different in others. But they all have one thing in common: on stage they joke, play pranks, and make fun of people’s shortcomings.

For the lesson, you should have tried on your own (or together with your friends) to come up with funny jokes from school or class life. (Students' answers.)

Let's fast forward to the 20th century. The puppet theater has, of course, changed. If at first it was just a box with holes made at the bottom (or top), and in the Middle Ages a curtain was stretched across the square between two pillars, behind which the puppeteers were hiding, then from the 19th century, performances began to be played in specially built rooms. The puppet theater has changed, but the main thing remains - puppets participate in the performances.

Slide 10. The world of dolls is not only dolls, but also puppeteers - artists. The history of world puppet theater knows many famous names. Speaking about modern theater, one cannot help but talk about Sergei Vladimirovich Obraztsov.

An amazing person of a unique profession, puppeteer artist, writer, playwright - all this is Sergei Vladimirovich Obraztsov (1901-1992). 2011 marked the 110th anniversary of the birth of the great puppeteer. His name is popular both in our country and abroad. The artist’s creativity and life are widely reflected in books and articles.

Slides 11-15. His performances live today in the theater, which rightfully bears the name of Obraztsov. Such wonderful productions as “At the Pike’s Command” (1936), “Aladdin’s Magic Lamp” (1940), “The Divine Comedy” (1961), “An Extraordinary Concert” (1968) and others adorn the repertoire of the Central Puppet Theater to this day. por.

Slide 16. It all started in childhood with a mother’s gift - a small doll Bi-Ba-Bo. The little owner himself (Obraztsov was five years old) affectionately called her Bibaboshka. It consisted of two parts: a head with a hole at the bottom and a cloth robe. If you put it on your palm, and then the head on your index finger, you could make Bi-ba-bo nod his head and move. If you spread your fingers, the doll rejoices, if you press them to the head, it cries...

Bi-ba-bo - glove doll. Such dolls are worn on the hand like gloves, and they have been known since the time of the comedies about Petrushka. Similar dolls existed in China, India, and Ancient Greece.

Slide 17. Music became a constant companion to Obraztsov’s performances. A portable screen with internal pockets, an accompanist - and now a one-man theater is ready!

Slide 18. Each puppeteer has his own, most favorite doll. Obraztsov had such a doll as Tyapa. In 1928, he needed a “partner” to perform M. Mussorgsky’s lullaby on the stage. He made the head of this doll out of papier-mâché and sewed a white vest for it. The result was a child glove puppet. Some claimed that her face resembled that of the puppeteer himself as an infant.

Slide 19. Obraztsov depicted a father and child. He went out on stage with this doll, without hiding behind a screen, cradled the “baby” in his arms, sang him a lullaby, gave him a pacifier, and played with him. This touching number and the doll itself have always been a resounding success among the audience.

Obraztsov never parted with Tyapa all his life. He performed this number both in national pop concerts and in his solo programs both in our country and abroad. Thanks to this, Tyapa was recognized and loved in dozens of countries. Obraztsov loved his Tyapa very much, he called him “the oldest child in the world.” This doll is over eighty years old.

Slide 20. The scope and variety of personal repertoire could not help but lead to the creation of a theater. Theater is the main thing in Obraztsov’s life. In 1931, Sergei Vladimirovich was offered to organize new theater dolls and become its artistic director. In 2011, the theater celebrated its 80th anniversary. Government job central theater I started my puppet production by searching for authors and creating my own repertoire. The play for the first performance was written by playwright Andrei Globa. It was called “Jim and Dollar.” The premiere of the first performance took place on April 17, 1932.

Slide 21. At first the theater worked only for children and for the first six years it was a traveling theater.

Slide 22. During this time, fifteen performances were staged.

Slide 23. Since 1937, the theater already had its own building on Mayakovsky Square.

Gradually, the exemplars began to prepare performances for adults. On October 1, 1940 they staged “ Magic lamp Aladdin." One after another, new performances are born, transporting viewers either into a fairy tale or into the atmosphere of a pop concert.

Slide 24. Participated in the play “An Extraordinary Concert” large group actors - Obraztsov's students. A “gypsy choir” sounded here, an operetta duet was performed, and there was a funny entertainer (the puppet was voiced by actor Zinovy ​​Efimovich Gerdt). This performance is a record holder, rightfully included in the Guinness Book of Records. He has already walked more than eight thousand times, toured hundreds of cities in our country and thirty-eight foreign countries. Choir, orchestra, decoration zoomed in puppet show to acting, but the specifics of puppet theater remained.

Slides 25-26. Funny little people evoked laughter and empathy from audiences of all ages. At the end of the performance, the puppeteers came out from behind the screens and appeared main director Sergei Obraztsov is the soul of the theater.

In the first building of the theater on Mayakovsky Square (official address: Gorky Street, building 32a), there was a balcony in the auditorium, from which it was inconvenient to watch performances. Therefore, the samples separated it with a wall and located a doll museum in the resulting compartment. Its founder and first director was actor and theater director Andrei Yakovlevich Fedotov.

Slide 27. When in 1970 the theater celebrated its housewarming in a building on Sadovo-Samotechnaya Street, the theater museum also moved here.

Slide 28. This museum is the only one in Russia and one of the largest collections in the world of various theatrical puppets from antiquity to the present day. It also stores the most valuable archival documents, books with autographs of prominent artists and other rarities. In total there are about four thousand theatrical puppets and attributes of puppet shows from sixty countries around the world.

Slide 29. The museum’s collection includes about eight thousand posters, play programs, scenery and costume sketches, drawings, manuscripts, photographs, negatives, and slides. The museum's collections contain unique films and performances from the S.V. Theater. Obraztsova and the best theaters dolls of the world.

Slide 30. Be sure to visit the State Academic Central Puppet Theater named after S.V. Obraztsov and his unique museum. You can easily recognize the theater building by the original clock on the facade: on top there is a large rooster, in the center there is a dial with gold hands and gold numbers, and around there are twelve iron houses. Every hour the clock strikes, the rooster flaps its wings and crows loudly, a house corresponding to a certain time opens, and a doll appears from it. And exactly at noon, all twelve houses open, and all the dolls come out from there: a bear, a goat, an owl, a crow, a hare, a fox, a monkey, a cat, a ram, a pig, a goat and a wolf.

Slide 31. And every day at 12 o’clock in the afternoon, when all the animals appear from their windows on the clock and dance to the music “Whether in the garden, in the vegetable garden...”, smiling people gather near the theater, whom the cheerful and wise puppeteer loved so much - S. IN. Samples.

5. Performance based on the play “Petrushka the Foreigner” by S. Ya. Marshak.

Continuing our journey, we will attend a performance of Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak’s play “Petrushka the Foreigner,” which was written specifically for the Obraztsov Theater.

An excerpt from the play is played. (Appendix 2)

Remember all the stages of the lesson, analyze your work at each stage, answer the questions:

What new things have you discovered? What surprised you? What did you like?

Homework assignment.

1. Do It glove puppet or a doll’s head made of cloth, wood, cardboard, paper or other material (optional).
2. Get ready to act out the dialogue as one of the characters in the chosen action of the folk comedy “Parsley of Vinegars”.
3. Read the play by S.Ya. Marshak “Parsley the Foreigner” in its entirety (optional).

Bibliography

1. Alyansky Yu.L. The ABC of theatre: 50 short stories about the theatre/ Fig. R. Dominova; Model by V. Kolomeitsev. – 2nd ed., revised. and additional – L.: Det. lit., 1990. – 159 pp., ill.
2. Literature. Beginner course. 5th grade: Textbook-reader for general education. institutions. In two parts. Part 1/ Author: M.A. Snezhnevskaya, O.M. Khrenova. – M.: Mnemosyne, 2005. – 302 p.: ill.
3. Marshak S. Parsley the Foreigner. – M.: Literature Artistic, 1989. – 192 p.
4. Methodological advice for the textbook-reader for grade 5: Literature. Beginning course: A manual for teachers / Ed. M.A. Snezhnevskaya. – M.: Mnemosyne, 2000.
5. Moscow theater (directory guide)/Ch. editor L. Dudorova. – M.: Moscow worker, 1965. – 256 p.
6. Obraztsov P.A., Obraztsova E.M. Extraordinary Samples. The owner of the doll house and his family. - M.: Eksmo, 2006. – 127 p.
7. Tolstoy A.N. The Golden Key, or The Adventures of Pinocchio. – M.: Samovar, 2010. – 127 p.
8. Hort A.N., Goldovsky B.P. Not just dolls. (All about Obraztsov). – M.: Publication of GACTK, 2001. – 63 p.
9. Encyclopedia for children. T. 7. Art. Part 3. Music. Theater. Movie. / Head. ed. V.A. Volodin. – M.: Avanta+, 2001. – 624 p.: ill.
10. http://jollity.narod.ru/dolls.html
11. http://www.puppet.ru

Municipal Autonomous educational institution

"Oshibskaya average comprehensive school»

Class hour in second grade

WHERE WE COMING FROM. HISTORY OF RUSSIAN DOLL

Developed by teacher primary classes

Dudina Lyubov Vasilievna

2012

“Where we come from. History of the Russian Doll"

Target : Forming children's interest in the history and culture of the Russian people through the image of a traditional folk doll.

Tasks:

Enrich first-graders’ knowledge about the history of dolls.

To develop knowledge about the diversity and purpose of traditional Russian dolls.

Give children the opportunity to learn how to make dolls with their own hands.

Cultivate interest in Russian folk dolls and careful attitude to the cultural history of his people.

Equipment:

computer, projector;

drawings of amulets dolls

dolls for girls and various soldiers for boys;

blanks for a doll.

Class progress

Set up for class.

“You are talented, children! Someday you yourself will be pleasantly amazed at how smart you are, how much and how well you can do, if you constantly work on yourself, set new goals and strive to achieve them...” (J. J. Rousseau)

Girls, boys, sit down, please.

Why have we gathered?

We check readiness.

What kind of mood do you need to make the lesson successful? -I wish you to maintain a good mood throughout the entire lesson.

II . Leading up to the topic.

(Student reads a poem)

Doll

I made a truck
For sister Irishka.
Irishka raised a cry:
- Is this a truck?
Three empty spools.

I made her a horse,
Let him take it, don’t mind!
Ira looks at me
Doesn't want to take the horse:
- It's just a stick!

I folded two flaps.
“Oh,” said Ira, “
Oh, what a beauty:
A doll in a colorful dress!

Agniya Barto

Did you like the poem?

What toys did Irisha like the most?(doll)

What is it made of?

Which of you has dolls? (girls raise their hands)

Boys, do you have dolls?

You also have dolls, only they are the same as girls' ones. You have soldiers, robots. They are also dolls, only for boys.

III . A story about the history of dolls.

You all came with your dolls today. Let's sit them on the sofa and listen with them to how the doll appeared in Rus'.

Slide 1

In many Russian fairy tales there are dolls to whom the heroes entrust their sorrows and joys and share their thoughts. And little helper dolls do not leave their owners in trouble.

Our ancestors turned to pupae for help, which helped in solving their problems. life problems. It was believed that through dolls one could communicate directly with the gods and ask them for help and protection. There were dolls that helped in business, healing dolls, protective dolls, dolls that helped preserve or attract wealth to the house, etc. In Rus' there was great amount dolls Some houses stored up to 500 pieces.

The doll was dressed up, but the face was not painted. By folk beliefs, a doll without a face was considered inanimate, inaccessible to the infusion of evil spirits, evil forces, and therefore harmless to the child. Therefore, the faceless doll was both a toy and a talisman.It was believed that when making ritual dolls it was unacceptable to use piercing and cutting objects. Therefore, rags and threads for dolls had to be torn rather than cut.

Children also played with dolls; such play was encouraged by adults, because By playing in them, the child learned how to run a household and acquired the image of a family. The doll was not just a toy, but a symbol of procreation, a guarantee of family happiness.
This doll is almost completely forgotten modern people. While the doll accompanied the person throughout his life

Slide 2

Russian folk doll appeared a very long time ago. It is part of our culture. Archaeologists (people who conduct excavations and look for antiques) in Novgorod found a doll that is 1000 years old.

Let's get acquainted with folk dolls.

Children read about the doll and, along with the picture, hang it on the board, which shows a Russian hut.

Prepared performances by children:

Slide 3

First, we’ll find out what kind of protective dolls our ancestors had and how they helped them.

Slide 4

Doll “Day and Night”

Student 1

This doll is “Day and Night”

All trouble will be driven away!

During the day, “White” guards the house,

“Blue” will look after him at night!

This doll is a talisman that protects the home and its household, it symbolizes the day and protects the change of day and night, order in the world. The Day - Night doll consists of 2 dolls. One means day (light), the second (dark, blue) symbolizes night. Every day in the morning, the one who got up earlier than everyone else put the light one forward and asked her for have a good day. In the evening, the last one to go to bed changed the doll for a dark one, and prayed for a good night for all household members, so that everyone would wake up alive, healthy and rested. They sewed and gave such a doll to New Year, and throughout the year they served as a kind of calendar, measuring every 365 day and every 365 night.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 5

Pelenashka doll

Student 2

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

In many Russian fairy tales there are dolls to whom the heroes entrust their sorrows and joys and share their thoughts. And little helper dolls do not leave their owners in trouble. This is how the parents’ prayer for offspring and continuation of the family is shown in the Russian fairy tale “Tereshechka”:

“The old man and the old woman had no children. So they made a little block, wrapped it in a swaddle, and began rocking it and rocking it to sleep. They rocked and rocked and rocked and lulled them to sleep, and instead of a block, my son Tereshechka began to grow - a real berry.”

The described doll is known asPelenashka . Such dolls were placed in the cradle of a newborn child; it was believed that they protected him, and later child started playing with them.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 6

Vep doll

Student 3

(He comes out, takes the doll out of the hut, presents it to the class).

There is another doll that accompanied the child from childhood until it deteriorated. This is a “Vepsian doll”. It was made from the mother’s old things without the use of scissors and needles. In order for the child’s life not to be “cut and stabbed”. Before the baby was born, in order to warm the cradle, this doll was placed in it. And after the birth, the doll hung over the cradle and protected the baby.When the child grew up, he played with it.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Fizminutka

Slide 7

Krupenichka doll

Student 4

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

WITH early childhood we remember Russian folk tale about the beautiful Krupenichka, who was kidnapped by the Tatar Khan.

TOrupenichka ( or Zernushka ) is a rag doll-amulet for satiety, prosperity in the family and housekeeping. When harvesting thisdoll filled with grain, dressed up and carefully stored in the red corner. TOuklufilled with buckwheat grain or wheat. People believed that ifKrupenichkafilled to the top with grain, then next year will be nourishing and prosperous, and what exactly will bring prosperity and prosperity to the house.

In times of crop failure, grain was taken from the doll a little at a time for cooking. By appearanceKrupenichkione could judge the wealth and well-being in the family - if the doll was thin, it means that trouble has come to the house, the people in it are starving and the wealth has left the family.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 8

Kuvatka

Student 5

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

It was previously believed that if a “Kuvatka” hangs over a child’s crib, then it drives away this evil force. When the parents went to the field to work and the child was left alone in the house, he looked at these little dolls and played calmly.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 9

Berestushka doll

Student 6

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

Berestushka doll – protective dollwhich protects the house from damage, the evil eye and bad people. It also preserves peace and well-being in the home. The doll was made from a piece of birch bark and female image. This doll was kept in the house near the window or behind the door trim.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 10

Doll "Twist"

Student 7

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

A twisted doll hanging on the wall in the house - the best amulet from damage and the evil eye. The scraps from which the doll's dress, scarf and apron were made must be new. Our ancestors believed that clothes worn by a person kept his problems and sorrows.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 11

Teacher.

Slide 12

Doll Ten Handles

Student 8

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

This is a Ten-Handed doll because she has ten arms. She is an assistant for women who have a lot of work to do: prepare food for the family, keep the house clean, manage everything around the house, and look after the children.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 13

Doll Kupavka

Student 9

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

It's been like this for a long time,

Our people love rituals.

The girls' choir will sing,

Yes, a crowd goes to the river,

The river carries their wreaths.

And when it gets dark,

All people are coming into the woods -

Find a love flower.

There was another ritual on the holiday of Ivan Kupala, and it took place using the Kupavka doll.

DollKupavka - This is a ritual doll of one day. "Kupavka" symbolized the beginning of bathing. She was floated on the water, and the ribbons tied to her hands took away human illnesses and hardships - such importance was attached to the cleansing power of water. This doll celebrates the holidays of Agrafena the Bathing Lady and Ivan Kupala.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 14

Fever

Student 10

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

Fever is a magical doll that in the old days was made as a spell against ailments, illnesses, and spring fever.On the eve of the Annunciation, at night, these dolls were burned, taking diseases with them.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 15

Kargopol doll

Student 11

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

The Kargopol doll from the bear side is an image of the patroness of women's handicrafts. To make such a doll, new bleached canvas and scraps of multi-colored fabrics are used. The doll's headdress is decorated with a yellow ribbon.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 16
Bast doll “Venichek”

Student 12

(Comes out and presents the doll to the class).

The Venichek doll was believed to help with housework. If something went wrong, then the housewife had to concoct a Venichek doll, and things at home would go smoothly. This useful doll was easy to make: take a bast, tie it up like a small broom and decorate it with colored ribbons.
Sometimes the doll was dressed up in an apron and scarf. If there were troubles in the house, the housewife would use a doll, like a small broom, to sweep the “trash” (troubles) out of the house through the windows and door. There should have been no one at home at that moment. The doll was kept in a secluded place.

(Places the doll on the stand)

Slide 17

Teacher: Look, guys, how much we learned today about the history of Russia in dolls, about the origin, meaning, and types of dolls themselves.And this is only a small part of the variety of dolls that existed in those distant times. All of them carried a magical effect, served as a person’s helpers, protected him from problems and illnesses, and were also entertainment for children.

Of course, someone may say that this is all fiction, but people believed in it. This knowledge lived for a very long time and was passed on from generation to generation.

Such dollsare unique and special kind art, they preserve traditions and rituals that have developed among the Russian people over many centuries, preserving their history.

IV . Theoretical part

I invite you today to plunge into the history of our people and make something for your homeCleansing doll.

According to tradition, the Cleansing Doll got rid of “bad” energy in the house. For example, after a family quarrel, a woman would open the windows and doors, pick up a doll and, using it as a symbolic broom, sweep all the negativity out of the hut.

I really like this doll, because if you make a doll together, saying that the doll will reconcile those who quarreled, then everyone will make peace and will no longer quarrel.

Do you agree to make such a doll? (...) Then let's begin.

Let's check first workplace, do we have everything to make a doll?

(We will need: a colored flap for a skirt 40x18 cm, a little cotton wool or padding polyester, a warrior strip (neither dark nor light) 3x20 cm, a scarf 33x13 cm, linen for a shirt 22x20 cm, two red squares 8x8 cm for the chest, red threads, scissors, scraps of coarse double thread or bleached dense flax: for the body 16x36 cm; for legs 30x15 cm and for arms 24x12 cm)

2. We put cotton wool in the middle of the body flap, decorate the head, and use red squares to form a very small chest.

3. Fold the flaps for the arms and legs along the long side from the edges to 2 cm and twist them. We tie the ends.

4. Place your hands under your head and tie them crosswise tightly. (THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT POINTS - THE SACRED CROSS OF RED THREAD)

5. We bend the body at the bottom, place the legs and bandage it tightly as well.

6. We tie the chest. Some sources recommend tying both bags together initially

7. Fold the shirt flap in half along the long side, cut out 4x4 cm squares from the sides. Continue cutting diagonally across the cut square 3 cm to the armpit. We make a slit in the center and behind so that the head goes through.

8. We put on the shirt, fold the sleeves on all sides and tie it with thread so that the palm remains.

9. Using a long thread from behind the head, we tie the shirt crosswise across the chest, also folding it in from the sides.

10. Assemble the skirt to the desired length

11. We tie the thread at the back with an overlap

12. We tie a warrior

13. In a convenient way We put on an apron.

14. We tie a scarf and tie it at the back. (be sure to wear a scarf with pleats on the sides)

V . Lesson summary

So you guys and I remembered the history of Russian dolls. We made the dolls ourselves. And all your dolls: those that your parents bought for you and those that you made for your home with your own hands address you:

We are dolls. Take it. And take us home.

And let it be on the table, on the wall, on the sofa

We will smile at you whenever you want.

Or maybe someone will feel warmer.

And if someone ever gets sad,

Tell us what warms your soul,

And the doll will understand and press its cheek to you.

And maybe your sad circle will be destroyed.

But don't be offended! There is a fairy tale hidden within us.

We have so much warmth and trust in people

And maybe the doll is just a mask,

Dreams of a once unfulfilled miracle...