What genre of literature does the message belong to? Types of literature and their purpose

The above types of classification are not mutually exclusive, but demonstrate different approach to the definition of genres. Therefore, the same book can refer to several of them at once.

Classification of literary genres by type

When classifying literary genres by gender are based on the author’s attitude to what is being presented. The basis for this classification was laid by Aristotle. According to this principle, there are four major genre: epic, lyrical, dramatic and lyric-epic. Each of them has its own “subgenres”.

IN epic genres it tells about events that have already happened, and the author writes them down according to his memories, while he distances himself as much as possible from assessing what was said. These include epic novels, short stories, myths, ballads, fables and epics.

Lyrical genre involves the transmission of feelings experienced by the author in the form of a literary work in poetic form. These include odes, epigrams, epistles and stanzas.

Classic example stanzas - “Childe Harold” by Byron.

The lyric-epic genre combines the characteristics of the epic and lyrical genres. These include ballads and poems, in which there is both a plot and author's attitude to what is happening.

Dramatic genre exists at the intersection of literature and theater. Nominally it includes dramas, comedies and tragedies with a list of the characters involved at the beginning and author's notes in the main text. However, in fact, it can be any work written in the form of a dialogue.

Classification of literary genres by content

If we define works by content, then they are combined into three large groups: comedies, tragedies and dramas. Tragedy and drama, telling, respectively, about tragic fate heroes and about the emergence and overcoming of conflict are quite homogeneous. Comedies are divided into several types, according to the action taking place: parody, farce, vaudeville, sitcom and character comedy, sketch and sideshow.

Classification of literary genres by form

When classifying genres by form, only formal features such as the structure and volume of the work are taken into account, regardless of their content.

Lyrical works are classified most clearly in this way; in prose, the boundaries are more blurred.

According to this principle, thirteen genres are distinguished: epic, epic, novel, short story, sketch, play, sketch, essay, opus, ode and visions.

Sources:

• “Theory of Literature”, V. V. Prozorov, 1987
• « Theoretical poetics: concepts and definitions”, N. D. Tamarchenko, 1999

Literary is a class of texts that have a similar structure, content, and limit of variability. There are many genre ov text, and you need to know their characteristics if you do not want to make a mistake in choosing the type.

Instructions

In order to correctly characterize the text and attribute it to a specific genre oh, please read the work carefully. Think about whether it amuses you or upsets you, conveys the author’s feelings towards his characters or simply tells about some events, struggles with insurmountable circumstances or with himself? If you can understand the text, you will easily find its literary genre.

There are three ways to classify literary genre ov. They are grouped by form, resulting in such types as essay, story, ode. A play is a writer’s creation intended to be performed on stage, a story is a short narrative work in prose. What distinguishes a novel from a short story is its scale. It tells about the life and development of the main character during a period of crisis for him. An essay is a type of story characterized by the absence of a single conflict. Story - prose genre, located in volume between a novel and a short story, telling about the ups and downs of the life of the main character.

Instructions

Explore epic kind literature. It includes the following: - story: relatively small in volume prose work(from 1 to 20 pages), describing an incident, a small incident or an acute dramatic situation in which the hero finds himself. The action of the story usually takes no more than one or two days in duration. The location of the action may not change throughout the story;
- story: a sufficient work (on average 100 pages), where from 1 to 10 characters are considered. The location may change. The validity period can cover a significant period, from one month to a year or more. The story in the story unfolds vividly in time and space. Significant changes may occur in the lives of the characters - moves, and meetings;
- novel: large epic form from 200 pages. A novel can trace the lives of the characters from beginning to end. Includes an extensive system of storylines. Time can touch past eras and carry far into the future;
- an epic novel can examine the life of several generations.

Familiarize yourself with the lyrical genre of literature. It includes the following genres:
- ode: a poetic form whose theme is the glorification of a person or event;
- satire: a poetic form that aims to ridicule any vice, situation or person worthy of ridicule
- sonnet: a poetic form that has a strict compositional structure. For example, the English model of a sonnet, which at its end has two obligatory stanzas containing some kind of aphorism;
- the following poetic genres are also known: elegy, epigram, free verse, haiku, etc.

The following genres belong to the dramatic genre of literature: - tragedy: a dramatic work in the finale of which there is the death of the hero. Such a ending for a tragedy is the only possible resolution of a dramatic situation;
-: a dramatic work in which the main meaning and essence is laughter. It may be satirical or kinder, but every incident makes the viewer/reader laugh;
- drama: a dramatic work in the center of which is inner world human, the problem of choice, the search for truth. Drama is the most common genre nowadays.

note

In some cases, genres may be mixed. This is especially common in drama. You've probably heard such definitions of film genres as comedy melodrama, action comedy, satirical drama etc. The same processes are possible in the literature.

Helpful advice

Read the works of Aristotle “Poetics”, M.M. Bakhtin “Aesthetics and Theory of Literature” and other works devoted to the problem of genders and genres in literature.

IN modern literature many different genres, each of which is unique and original. But if tragedy or comedy is easy enough to identify, then give precise definition the drama genre is not always possible. So what is dramatic work and how not to confuse it with something else?

Unlike, the drama shows life experiences and various intricacies of fate. Of course, people's lives, their morals and characters can be quite vivid in comedic works, but drama is not so inherent in ridiculing vices and comically exposing any of the characters' actions. Here the hero’s life itself, his thoughts and feelings are at stake. Dramatic works are very realistic because they show a person exactly as he is without allegories, grotesqueries and embellishments. That is why drama is considered the most complex and, at the same time, one of the most interesting literature. Sometimes drama is very reminiscent of tragedy, because here sharp corners are exposed and light is shed on many unpleasant details of the lives of the heroes. Often the drama becomes so intense and heavy that it is almost impossible to distinguish it from. But tragic works now they are no longer so popular and never have a chance of a successful outcome. But a drama can end well, despite all the intricacies of the plot and the difficult fates of the heroes. In our language, the word “drama” itself has firmly come to be combined with a tragic plot or the life drama of the characters, while historically this word has no meaning at all similar meaning. Any dramatic the work, regardless of its content, shows real life ordinary people, their sorrows, joys, experiences and bright moments. It is not at all necessary that the reader will have fun during the plot, but the drama should not intimidate or make him cry. It is just a part of life, no more terrible or unsightly than reality. It is interesting that the very concept of drama, as in works of art, back in the 18th century. She was very much among the enlightened pundits, politicians and philosophers. Initially dramatic works were strongly associated with tragedies, tragicomedies, farces and even costumed performances in masks. But centuries later, drama became part of artistic reproduction and received its own, separate from others. genres, place. Dramatic works amaze with their realism and genuine plot. There are few places where you can meet a destiny that is not fictional, but similar to your own, like two peas in a pod. In dramas, of course, there are also, but such dramas are also necessary, because they teach us goodness and faith in the best and brightest. Love drama because it is based on life.

Video on the topic

Sources:

• drama as a genre

To identify a person by laughter, it is not at all necessary to be professional psychologist. The power of laughter, its intensity, and the actions that accompany it can all tell a lot about a person.

Instructions

Laughter from the heart speaks of a cheerful disposition and flexible character e. Laughter until you wheeze, relieves any nervous tension.

People with a weak will have a quiet, soft laugh.

Quiet short laugh- evidence of strength, great intelligence, will. Such people are often excellent storytellers. They can easily handle heavy loads.

Silent laughter is a sign of secrecy, caution, prudence and cunning.

They usually have a jerky laugh nervous people with troubled character ohm

Rough laughter is a sign of authority, selfishness, and animal nature. Often these people laugh alone with themselves.

Laughter ending in a sigh indicates a tendency to hysteria, susceptibility to sudden mood swings, and weak will.

A person who laughs openly and loudly is confident in himself and knows how to enjoy life. True, sometimes these people show rudeness and sarcasm. They love to laugh at others.

If a person laughs quietly, tilting his head slightly, he is not too confident in himself. People with such laughter try to adapt to the situation and please others.

A person who squints his eyelids is balanced and confident. He is stubborn and persistent, always achieves his goal.

If your interlocutor wrinkles his nose while laughing, it means that he is prone to frequent changes of views. Such people are emotional, capricious, and act depending on their mood.

A person covering his mouth with his hand is shy and timid. He doesn't like being the center of attention. People with such a laugh are quite repressed and cannot open up to a stranger.

Laughter accompanied by touching the face character depicts its owner as a dreamer and visionary. Such a person is emotional, sometimes even excessively. He has difficulty navigating real world.

If a person often holds back his laughter, he is reliable and self-confident. Such people are balanced, do not waste time on trifles, and firmly move towards their goals.

Your interlocutor does not smile, but grins, his mouth tilted to the right. Be careful! Here is a rude, thick-skinned and unreliable person, prone to deception and cruelty.

Video on the topic

Until now, people who are far from literary criticism as a science believe that “novel” and “romantic” are close concepts, which means that novels are about love. Of course, this is far from true. The novel is ancient, complex and ambiguous literary genre, which includes Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment, Palahniuk’s Fight Club, and Apuleius’s The Golden Ass. But these are, of course, very, very different novels.

Novels were, as it were, opposed to the Latin literary model, so forms that, in fact, were not novels at all could be called that way - historiography, fables, visions, short stories.

But the emergence of the novel as a genre dates back to antiquity. For example, these are the works “Metamorphoses, or the Golden Ass” by Apuleius, “Daphnis and Chloe” by Long, “Satyricon” by Petronius.

The novel received its rebirth in the Middle Ages, it is either a chivalric novel. These include, for example, about King Arthur, Tristan and Isolde, etc.

What can be called a novel

The novel is a very complex and controversial genre, the study of which is still difficult for literary scholars. According to researcher M.M. Bakhtin, this happens because all others, except the novel, have already been established, have their own specific canons and distinctive ones, while the novel is still a very mobile, constantly changing genre, which has been in its infancy for many hundreds of years.

Distinctive features the novel can be distinguished only very roughly. As a rule, this is an epic work of large form, in the center of which is an individual person. Most often, this person is depicted at a turning point, a crisis moment in his life. Depending on the literary movement, to which the novel belongs, personality can develop (e.g. famous trick“dialectics of the soul” by L.N. Tolstoy), fall into non-standard situations and experience adventures (in an adventure or adventure novel), experience love twists and turns(V love story).

The novel must be built on conflict - interpersonal, intrapersonal, social, etc.

A unified classification of types of novels does not exist to this day, but there are different types of them. For example, according to content they most often distinguish:

Social,
- moral, descriptive
- cultural and historical,
- psychological,
- a novel of ideas,
- adventure.

IN Lately More and more new types of novels are appearing, for example the novel-. Many of the novels combine features of both.

Some literary works, which are essentially novels, the authors classify them as stories, and stories and stories are often written into novels.

Hello, dear readers of the blog site. The question of genre as a variety of one or another is quite complex. This term is found in music, painting, architecture, theater, cinema, and literature.

Determining the genre of a work is a task that not every student can cope with. Why is genre division necessary at all? Where are the boundaries separating a novel from a poem, and a short story from a story? Let's try to figure it out together.

Genre in literature - what is it?

The word "genre" comes from the Latin genus ( species, genus). Literary reference books report that:

A genre is a historically established variety of literary works, united by a certain set of formal and substantive features.

From the definition it is clear that in the process of genre evolution it is important to highlight three points:

1. each genre of literature is formed over a long period of time (each of them has its own history);
2. the main reason for its appearance is the need in an original way express new ideas (content criterion);
3. distinguish one type of work from another helps external signs: volume, plot, structure, composition (formal criterion).

All genres of literature can be represented this way:

These are three typology options that help classify a work into a particular genre.

The history of the emergence of literary genres in Rus'

The literature of European countries was formed according to the principle of movement from the general to the particular, from the anonymous to the author. Artistic creativity both abroad and in Russia, it was fed from two sources:

1. spiritual culture, the center of which was monasteries;
2. in folk speech.

If you look closely at the history of literature in Ancient Rus', one can notice how chronicles, patericons, lives of saints and patristic writings are gradually being replaced by new forms of storytelling.

At the turn of the XIV-XV centuries such genres ancient Russian literature , as a word, walking (ancestor of the travel novel), (everyday “splinter” moral parable), heroic poem, spiritual verse. Based on the material oral traditions, released separately during the period of decay ancient myth to a fairy-tale epic and a realistic military story.

By interacting with foreign written traditions, Russian literature is enriched new genre forms : novel, secular philosophical story, author's fairy tale, and in the era of romanticism - a poem, lyric poem, ballad.

The realistic canon brings to life a problematic novel, story, story. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, genres with blurred boundaries became popular again: essay (), sketch, short poem, symbolist. Old forms are filled with original meaning, transform into each other, and destroy given standards.

Powerful influence on development genre system provides dramatic art. Installation for theatricality changes the appearance of genres familiar to the average reader such as poem, story, short story and even short lyric poem(in the era of the “sixties” poets).

In modern literature, the genre canon remains open. There is a prospect of interaction not only within individual genres, but also within various types art. Every year appears new genre in literature.

Literature by genus and species

The most popular classification breaks down works “by type” (all of its components are shown in the third column in the figure shown at the beginning of this publication).

To understand this genre classification, you need to remember that literature, like music, is worth on “three pillars”. These whales, called genera, are in turn divided into species. For clarity, let's present this structure in the form of a diagram:

1. The oldest “whale” is considered epic. Its progenitor, who split into legend and tale.
2. appeared when humanity stepped beyond the stage of collective thinking and turned to the individual experiences of each member of the community. The nature of lyrics - personal experience author.
3. older than epic and lyric poetry. Its appearance is associated with the era of antiquity and the emergence of religious cults - mysteries. Drama became the art of the streets, a means of releasing collective energy and influencing masses of people.

Epic genres and examples of such works

The largest epic forms known to modern times are the epic and the epic novel. The ancestors of the epic can be considered a saga, widespread in the past among the peoples of Scandinavia, and a legend (for example, the Indian “The Tale of Gilgamesh”).

Epic is a multi-volume narrative about the fate of several generations of heroes in historically established and fixed cultural tradition circumstances.

A rich socio-historical background is required against which events unfold privacy heroes. For an epic, such features as a multicomponent plot, connections between generations, and the presence of heroes and antiheroes are important.

Because it depicts large-scale events over the course of centuries, it rarely features careful psychological portrayal, but the epics created in the last few centuries combine these attitudes with achievements contemporary art. “The Forsyte Saga” by J. Galsworthy not only describes the history of several generations of the Forsyte family, but also gives subtle vivid images individual characters.

Unlike the epic epic novel covers a shorter period of time (no more than a hundred years) and tells the story of 2-3 generations of heroes.

In Russia, this genre is represented by the novels “War and Peace” by L.N. Tolstoy, " Quiet Don» M.A. Sholokhov, “Walking through torment” by A.N. Tolstoy.

To medium forms Epic includes novel and story.

The term " novel" comes from the word "Roman" and is reminiscent of the ancient prose narrative that gave birth to this genre.

Sample ancient novel considered the Satyricon of Petronius. IN medieval Europe is spreading picaresque novel. The era of sentimentalism gives the world a travel novel. Realists develop the genre and fill it with classical content.

On turn of XIX-XX centuries the following appear types of novels:

1. philosophical;
2. psychological;
3. social;
4. intellectual;
5. historical;
6. love;
7. detective;
8. adventure novel.

IN school curriculum many novels. Giving examples, name the books by I.A. Goncharova " An ordinary story", "Oblomov", "Cliff", works by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons", " Noble Nest", "On the Eve", "Smoke", "New". The genre of “Crime and Punishment”, “The Idiot”, “The Brothers Karamazov” by F. M. Dostoevsky is also a novel.

Tale does not affect the fate of generations, but has several storylines developing against the backdrop of one historical event.

« The captain's daughter» A. S. Pushkin and “The Overcoat” by N.V. Gogol. V.G. Belinsky spoke about the primacy of narrative literature in XIX culture century.

Small epic forms(story, sketch, novella, essay) have one storyline, a limited number of characters and are characterized by a compressed volume.

Examples include stories by A. Gaidar or Y. Kazakov, short stories by E. Poe, essays by V.G. Korolenko or essay by W. Wulf. Let’s make a reservation, sometimes it “works” as a genre scientific style or journalism, but has artistic imagery.

Lyrical genres

Large lyrical forms represented by a poem and a wreath of sonnets. The first is more plot-driven, which makes it similar to the epic. The second one is static. The wreath of sonnets, consisting of 15 14-verse lines, describes a topic and the author’s impressions of it.

In Russia, poems have a socio-historical character. " Bronze Horseman" and "Poltava" A.S. Pushkin, “Mtsyri” by M.Yu. Lermontov, “Who Lives Well in Rus'” N.A. Nekrasov, “Requiem” by A.A. Akhmatova - all these poems lyrically describe Russian life and national characters.

Small forms of lyrics numerous. This is a poem, ode, canzone, sonnet, epitaph, fable, madrigal, rondo, triolet. Some forms originated in medieval Europe (the sonnet genre was especially loved by lyricists in Russia), some (for example, the ballad) became the legacy of the German romantics.

Traditionally small Poetic works are usually divided into 3 types:

1. philosophical lyrics;
2. love lyrics;
3. landscape lyrics.

Recently, urban lyrics have also emerged as a separate subtype.

Dramatic genres

Drama gives us three classic genres:

1. comedy;
2. tragedy;
3. actual drama.

All three varieties performing arts originated in Ancient Greece.

Comedy was initially associated with religious cults of purification, mysteries, during which carnival action unfolded on the streets. The sacrificial goat “comos”, which was later called the “scapegoat”, walking through the streets along with the artists, symbolized all human vices. According to the canon, they are what comedy should make fun of.

Comedy is the genre of “Woe from Wit” by A.S. Griboyedov and “Nedoroslya” D.I. Fonvizina.

In the era of classicism, 2 types of comedy developed: comedy provisions and comedy characters. The first played with circumstances, passed off one hero as another, and had an unexpected ending. The second pitted the characters against each other in the face of an idea or task, generating a theatrical conflict on which the intrigue rested.

If during a comedy the playwright expected the healing laughter of the crowd, then tragedy I set out to bring tears to my eyes. It was bound to end with the death of the hero. Empathizing with the characters, the viewer or purification.

"Romeo and Juliet" and also "Hamlet" by W. Shakespeare were written in the tragedy genre.

Actually drama- This is a later invention of dramaturgy, removing therapeutic tasks and focusing on subtle psychologism, objectivity, and play.

Determining the genre of a literary work

How was the poem "Eugene Onegin" called a novel? Why did Gogol define the novel “Dead Souls” as a poem? And why Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard"Is it a comedy? Genre designations are clues that remind you that in the world of art there are right directions, but, fortunately, there are no forever beaten paths.

Just above is a video that helps determine the genre of a particular literary work.

A genre in literature is a selection of texts that have a similar structure and are similar in content. There are quite a lot of them, but there is a division by type, form and content.

Classification of genres in literature.

Division by gender

With such a classification, one should consider the attitude of the author himself to the text of interest to the reader. He was the first to try to divide literary works into four genres, each with its own internal divisions:

• epic (novels, stories, epics, short stories, stories, fairy tales, epics),
• lyrical (odes, elegies, messages, epigrams),
• dramatic (dramas, comedies, tragedies),
• lyric-epic (ballads, poems).

Division by content

Based on this principle of division, three groups emerged:

• Comedy,
• Tragedies
• Dramas.

Two latest groups they talk about a tragic fate, about the conflict in the work. And comedies should be divided into smaller subgroups: parody, farce, vaudeville, sitcom, sideshow.

Separation by shape

The group is diverse and numerous. There are thirteen genres in this group:

• epic
• epic,
• novel,
• story,
• novella,
• story,
• sketch,
• play,
• feature article,
• essay,
• opus,
• visions.

In prose there is no such clear division

It is not easy to immediately determine what genre a particular work is. How does the work you read affect the reader? What feelings does it evoke? Is the author present, does he introduce his personal experiences, is there a simple narrative without adding analysis of the events described. All these questions require specific answers in order to make a final verdict on whether the text belongs to a certain type of literary genre.

Genres tell their story

To begin to understand the genre diversity of literature, you should know the characteristics of each of them.

1. Form groups are perhaps the most interesting. A play is a work written specifically for the stage. A story is a prosaic narrative work of small volume. The novel is distinguished by its scale. A story is an intermediate genre, standing between a short story and a novel, which tells about the fate of one hero.
2. The content groups are small in number, so it is very easy to remember them. Comedy has a humorous and satirical character. Tragedies always end in unexpectedly unpleasant ways. The drama is based on the conflict between human life and society.
3. The typology of genres by genus contains only three structures:
   1. The epic tells about the past without expressing one’s personal opinion about what is happening.
   2. Lyrics always contain feelings and experiences lyrical hero, that is, the author himself.
   3. The drama reveals its plot through the characters' communication with each other.

Genres of literature

Literary genres- historically emerging groups of literary works, united by a set of formal and substantive properties (in contrast to literary forms, the identification of which is based only on formal characteristics). The term is often incorrectly identified with the term “type of literature.”

Kinds, types and genres of literature do not exist as something unchangeable, given from time to time and eternally existing. They are born, theoretically realized, historically develop, change, dominate, freeze or retreat to the periphery depending on the evolution of artistic thinking as such. The most stable, fundamental thing is, of course, the utmost general concept“genus”, the most dynamic and changeable is the much more specific concept of “genre”.

The first attempts to theoretically substantiate gender make themselves felt in the ancient doctrine of mimesis (imitation). Plato in the Republic, and then Aristotle in the Poetics, came to the conclusion that poetry is of three types, depending on what, how and by what means it imitates. In other words, clan division fiction is based on the subject, means and methods of imitation.

Separate remarks on the methods of organizing artistic time and space (chronotope), scattered throughout Poetics, constitute the prerequisites for further division into types and genres of literature.

Aristotle's idea of ​​generic characteristics is traditionally called formal. His successors are representatives of German aesthetics of the 18th-19th centuries. Goethe, Schiller, Aug. Schlegel, Schelling. Around the same time, the principles of the opposite - a substantive approach to the generic division of fiction - were laid down. Its initiator was Hegel, who proceeded from the epistemological principle: the object of artistic knowledge in the epic is the object, in the lyrics - the subject, in drama - their synthesis. Accordingly, the content of an epic work consists of being in its entirety, dominating the will of people, therefore the event plan predominates in it; the content of a lyrical work is the state of mind, the mood of the lyrical hero, therefore the eventfulness in it recedes into the background; the content of a dramatic work is aspiration towards a goal, the volitional activity of a person, manifested in action.

Derived from the category of genus, or rather, concepts that clarify and concretize it, are the concepts of “type” and “genre”. By tradition, we call stable structural formations within a literary genus, grouping even smaller genre modifications, by type. For example, an epic consists of small, medium and large species, such as a story, essay, short story, story, novel, poem, epic. However, they are often called genres, which in a strict terminological sense specify types either in a historical, or thematic, or structural aspect: an ancient novel, a Renaissance short story, a psychological or industrial essay or novel, a lyrical story, an epic story (“Fate person" by M. Sholokhov). Some structural forms combine specific and genre characteristics, i.e. types do not have genre varieties (such, for example, are the types and at the same time genres of the medieval theater soti and morality). However, along with synonymous word usage, the hierarchical differentiation of both terms is relevant. Accordingly, types are divided into genres according to a number of different characteristics: thematic, stylistic, structural, volume, in relation to the aesthetic ideal, reality or fiction, basic aesthetic categories etc.

Genres of literature

Comedy- type of dramatic work. Displays everything ugly and absurd, funny and absurd, ridicules the vices of society.

Lyric poem (in prose)- a type of fiction that emotionally and poetically expresses the author’s feelings.

Melodrama- type of drama, characters which are sharply divided into positive and negative.

Fantasy- a subgenre of fantastic literature. Works of this subgenre are written in an epic fairy-tale style, using motifs from ancient myths and legends. The plot is usually built around magic, heroic adventures and journeys; the plot usually involves magical creatures; The action takes place in a fairy-tale world reminiscent of the Middle Ages.

Feature article- the most reliable type of narrative, epic literature, reflecting facts from real life.

Song or chant- most ancient look lyric poetry; a poem consisting of several verses and a chorus. Songs are divided into folk, heroic, historical, lyrical, etc.

Tale- medium shape; a work that highlights a number of events in the life of the main character.

Poem- type of lyric epic work; poetic story telling.

Story - small form, a work about one event in the life of a character.

Novel- large shape; a work in which events usually involve many characters whose destinies are intertwined. Novels can be philosophical, adventure, historical, family, social.

Tragedy- a type of dramatic work telling about the unfortunate fate of the main character, often doomed to death.

Utopia- a genre of fiction close to science fiction, describing a model of an ideal, from the author’s point of view, society. Unlike dystopia, it is characterized by the author’s faith in the impeccability of the model.

Epic- a work or a series of works depicting a significant historical era or a major historical event.

Drama- (V in the narrow sense) one of the leading genres of drama; a literary work written in the form of a dialogue between characters. Intended for performance on stage. Focused on spectacular expressiveness. The relationships between people and the conflicts that arise between them are revealed through the actions of the heroes and are embodied in a monologue-dialogue form. Unlike tragedy, drama does not end in catharsis.