Analysis of the dramatic work of the undergrowth. Analysis of the work Minor Fonvizin (comedy)

Plan

1.Childhood

2.Youth

3.Adult life

4.Love

5.Conclusion

Andrei Stolts was the son of a German who served as a manager on a noble estate. The father wanted his son to follow in his footsteps. From the very early years Andrey began studying various applied sciences and achieved great success. The boy's mother was Russian. She dreamed that Andryusha would be like noble children. To this end, the mother showed great concern O appearance own son. Andrey studied music and reading with her art books. Such a contradictory education and upbringing made Andrei very rich versatile personality. He himself had a very lively character. Having completed all his father’s instructions, Andrei received complete freedom and spent time in the company of village children. Even among them he was the first tomboy. The boy was often brought home with bruises and scratches, which greatly upset the poor mother. The father believed that all this was for the benefit of his son.

Andrei very early began not only to study, but also to help his father in business. The boy easily drove the harnessed carriage alone and even went to the city alone on behalf of his father. Andrey was getting used to independent life and making responsible decisions. At the age of thirteen, he already worked as a tutor in his father’s boarding house, for which he received his due salary from him. After graduating from university, Andrei returned home for a short time. The father believed that the young man had nothing more to do here and advised him to go to St. Petersburg. Farewell was more like business conversation between partners. Andrei felt like an absolutely independent person, not needing anyone’s help.

In the capital, Stolz spent some time in the civil service. During these years, he became close friends with Oblomov. Young people together dreamed of conquering the vast world. But Ilya Ilyich resigned because he was tired of active life. Stolz left the service because it did not allow him to truly develop. Andrey took up commercial affairs. Thanks to the knowledge and skills received from his father, such activities soon began to bring him a decent income. In addition, Stolz had an innate restless character, which allowed him to easily make numerous business trips.

By the age of thirty, Andrei had managed to visit almost all European countries. Stolz was considered a dry and self-contained person, approaching life only from the practical side. This was partly true. Andrey really looked at everything from the point of view possible benefits. But maternal education was not in vain. Andrey admitted the existence strong feelings, but he simply didn’t have enough time for them. Stolz believed that someday he himself would experience an all-consuming passion. The only person with whom Andrei could have a heart-to-heart talk was Oblomov. Stolz felt infinitely sorry for his comrade who was dying from laziness. He tried his best to help him.

Love came to the practical and businesslike Stolz in the person of Olga. Their relationship for a long time did not go beyond friendship. Olga considered Stolz her teacher. After a decisive conversation, Andrei and Olga realized that they were born for each other. After the wedding, they became not just husband and wife, but equal friends, working together towards the same goal. This happy couple boldly looked forward and was not afraid of any obstacles on the path of life.

Conclusion

Andrei Stolts is a key character in the novel "Oblomov". It was no coincidence that the author made him half-German. Russian people contain inexhaustible mental strength but they are still sleeping eternal sleep. We need some kind of push that can wake them up. Europeans are an active and practical people, but they have lost the simple human feelings for the sake of profit. The combination of Russian spirituality and European pragmatism, according to the author, will give new type ideal person, similar to Stolz.

Andrei Ivanovich Stolts has been communicating with Oblomov since childhood and has become his close friend. By character he is a man of action, a practitioner, and by origin he is half German. Stolz's mother is a Russian noblewoman. For all his rationalism, Stolz has a good disposition. The hero is honest, understands people, and at the same time tends to calculate every action and approach everything in life from the outside. practical benefit. Stolz was written out as an antipode to Oblomov and should, according to the author’s plan, be perceived as a role model.

Stolz is married to a noblewoman, a woman with whom Oblomov is in love. Olga loved Oblomov at first, but broke up with him. Oblomov was listless and dreamy, before proposing to Olga, he thought a lot and retreated.

Stolz at times brings Oblomov out of his apathy and makes him remember about life, encourages him to get down to business, invest in the establishment of schools, building roads, but Oblomov brushes aside such ideas.

Ilya Oblomov is taken advantage of by scammers, the hero’s affairs and economy pass into their hands, and he himself plunges into even greater inactivity than usual. When Oblomov hears rumors about his own upcoming wedding, the hero is horrified because nothing has been decided for him yet. During this period, Olga visits the hero and, seeing him in such a weak-willed and pitiful state, breaks off this relationship. This is where the love story between Olga and Oblomov ends.

The heroine is not going to get involved in a new relationship, but Stolz convinces Olga that the first relationship turned out to be a mistake and only laid the foundation for new love- to him, Stolz. Olga appreciates hard work and determination in Stolz - something that she did not see in Oblomov. And she trusts her husband unlimitedly, “like a mother.”

Stolz holds progressive (for that time) views on the role of women in society. According to the hero, a woman is called upon to make a contribution to public life, educating worthy citizens, and for this she herself must be well educated. Stolz studies with his wife, teaches her science, and these activities bring the spouses even closer together. Stolz argues heatedly with his wife and is surprised at Olga's intelligence.

Stolz saves Oblomov from the clutches of scammers who would otherwise have robbed him completely. Later, Oblomov names his son after Stoltz, who is born to him from a woman from the bureaucratic environment, a landlady with whom Oblomov goes to live. Due to a sedentary lifestyle, Oblomov suffers an early stroke, and Stolz visits a sick friend. During this visit, Oblomov asks Stolz, in the name of friendship, to look after his little son Andrei. When Oblomov dies two years later, the Stolts take his son to be raised.

Image

Stolz is in his early thirties. The hero's appearance emphasizes his character - he is strong, thin, muscular, with high cheekbones, and no excess fat. Goncharov compares the hero to a “blooded English horse.” At Stolz's greenish eyes, the hero is dark-skinned, calm in his movements as well as in character. The hero is not characterized by excessive facial expressions, sharp gestures or fussiness.

Stolz's father, a German, came from the burghers and was not a nobleman. The boy was raised in the traditions of the burghers - he was taught to work and practical activities, which Andrei’s mother, a Russian noblewoman, did not like. My father studied geography with Andrey. The hero learned to read from texts German writers and Bible verses, from a young age helped his father in business, summing up accounts. Later he began to work as a tutor in a small boarding house set up by his father, and received a salary for this, like an ordinary artisan.

By the age of fourteen, the hero already went to the city alone on instructions from his father and carried out the assignment exactly, without mistakes, errors or bouts of forgetfulness. Andrei's father forbade his mother to interfere with the boy's activity and keep him with him. Stolz grew up active and was often absent from home for a long time. The young man received a good university education and speaks Russian and German equally well. At the same time, the hero continues to study throughout his life and constantly strives to learn new things.

Stolz did not receive nobility at birth, but soon rose to the rank of court councilor, which gave the hero the right to personal nobility. Further along career ladder he does not advance, but leaves the service to engage in trade. The company in which Stolz invested is engaged in the export of goods. Andrei was able to increase his father’s fortune many times over, turning forty thousand in capital into three hundred, and bought a house.

Stolz travels a lot and rarely stays at home for long. The hero traveled the length and breadth of Russia, visited abroad, studied at foreign universities and studied Europe “as his estate.” At the same time, Stolz is no stranger to social interaction, attends parties, and knows how to play the piano; interested in science, news and “all life.”

Characteristics of Stolz

The hero is restless, cheerful, firm and even stubborn. Always takes active position: “if society needs to send an agent to Belgium or England, they send him; need to write some project or adapt new idea to the point - they choose him.” Stolz's time is clearly planned, he does not waste a minute.

At the same time, the hero knows how to restrain unwanted impulses and remain within the boundaries of natural, rational behavior, controls his own feelings well and does not rush to extremes. Stolz is not inclined to blame others for his own failures and easily takes responsibility for the suffering and troubles that have occurred.

In contrast to Oblomov, the hero does not like to dream, avoids fantasies and everything that cannot be analyzed or applied in practice. Stolz knows how to live within his means, is prudent, is not prone to unjustified risks, and at the same time easily navigates difficult or unfamiliar circumstances. These qualities, coupled with determination, make the hero a good businessman. Stolz loves order in affairs and things, and navigates Oblomov’s affairs better than Oblomov himself.

Actors

The novel "Oblomov" was filmed in 1979. The director of the film entitled “A few days in the life of I. I. Oblomov” was, and the role of Andrei Stolts was played by the actor. Stolz in the film is depicted as cheerful and active person, as it is presented in Goncharov’s novel.

At the same time, the actor admitted that he rather saw himself in the image of Oblomov, and Stolz, whose role Bogatyrev had to play, was in character the complete opposite of the actor himself.

The word “Oblomovism,” which became a household word after the release of the novel, was first heard from Stolz as a characteristic of Oblomov’s lifestyle. This word denoted a tendency toward laziness, apathy, and stagnation in business. In a word, what we would now call “procrastination.”

Quotes

“Labor is the image, content, element and purpose of life. At least mine."

“Life and work itself are the goal of life, not a woman.”

“Man is created to arrange himself and even change his nature.”

The image of Andrei Stolz in the novel by Goncharov Oblomov

In Goncharov's novel main character Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is consistently opposed in personal and public life to his antipodean friend Andrei Stolts: they different strength character, business qualities, origin, upbringing, education, beliefs and everything else, they actually have nothing in common. In his article “What is Oblomovism?” (" Domestic notes", 1859) critic N.A. Dobrolyubov even calls Stolz “the antidote to Oblomov.”

Describing the character of Stolz in the first chapter of the second part of the novel, Goncharov seemed to specifically strive to increase the contrast between the characters and emphasize their dissimilarity. For example, Oblomov very keenly feels all the unnaturalness of St. Petersburg life. He tried to serve, but could not explain to himself why it was necessary, tried to avoid work in every possible way, and eventually resigned. Stolz, on the other hand, considers the life of bourgeois business Petersburg to be the norm; he is as uncritical of it as Oblomov is uncritical of life in Oblomovka. Stolz is a businessman, far from both noble laziness and official careerism. Goncharov especially appreciated in his hero the fact that he combined business acumen with culture.

Stolz's plans are very progressive for his time: he proposes the abolition of serfdom, the organization of a new type of economy on the site of the former estate, the establishment of schools, marinas, highways, and fairs. Then Oblomovka will turn into a comfortable, cultural estate, enriching not only the owner, but also the employee, and ultimately the entire state.

Stolz does not talk about the high public interests that patriots love to discuss, but he successfully solves his commercial everyday problems. He embodies the image of an active person, which Russia so needs, standing on the threshold of new historical conditions. In this hero the writer sees a successfully found balance. Goncharov wrote: “Just as he had nothing superfluous in his body, so in the moral practices of his life he sought a balance between practical aspects and the subtle needs of the spirit.”

Stolz has a desire to gain access to the highest social stratum, but he also has a desire to work. Goncharov emphasized that Stolz has two origins - German and Russian, in which the author showed the ideal combination of the spiritual subtlety of his Russian mother and the progressive, rational qualities of his German father. The question of the meaning of life does not arise before him, since work for the benefit of society is organically combined in Stolz with the desire for good for himself. For Goncharov, it doesn’t matter what Stolz does, but the important thing is that he combines a love of work with a love of personal benefit, that is, he professes a philosophy of work.

It was Stolz who, in Chapter IV, uttered the word “Oblomovshchina,” which, according to N. A. Dobrolyubov, “serves as the key to unraveling many phenomena of Russian life, and it gives Goncharov’s novel much more public importance, than how much of it all our accusatory stories have” (article “What is Oblomovism?”).

It turns out that Stolz is the complete opposite of Oblomov. If Oblomov embodies the outgoing Russia, which cannot adapt to new historical circumstances, then Stolz embodies the new Russia, as Goncharov wanted to see it. Wherein life principles Stolz, according to Dobrolyubov and other contemporaries of the writer, are not characteristic of Russians business people 50s of the XIX century. Goncharov understood this very well and therefore made Stolz a half-German, raised in a burgher family, but raised and formed as a person in Russia. Dobrolyubov did not argue with this, but noted that “the Stolts, people with an integral, active character, in which every thought immediately becomes an aspiration and turns into action, are not yet in the life of our society.”

Dobrolyubov notes Stolz’s hard work and thirst for activity, but he does not understand “how he manages to do something decent where others cannot do anything.” The critic also wondered how Stolz could “calm down on his lonely, separate, exclusive happiness,” when “there is a swamp under him,” and not far from him is Oblomovka.