List of negative heroes of Russian fairy tales. Thirteen fairy-tale villains - biblioguide

Characters invented in Russia are symbols of the childhood of each of us, while different countries world they are perceived completely differently. For example, if in Russian mythology Baba Yaga is evil spirits, then among the Scandinavians similar character- this is the goddess of the kingdom of the dead, Hel.

Female images: “my light, mirror, tell me...”

Vasilisa the Wise, Elena the Beautiful, Marya the Mistress, the Frog Princess, the Snow Maiden, Alyonushka - female images that possessed not only stunning female logic, but also kindness, wisdom, beauty, and sincerity. The most striking of them are:

1 A fragile little girl, Santa Claus's assistant - a favorite New Year's guest, a role model for naughty children. Since the mid-19th century, the image of a little granddaughter has been replaced by a young beauty, with the obligatory kokoshnik or fur hat, preferred clothing of Russian women.

No country in the world can boast of the same magical and romantic biography as the Russian Snow Maiden. In Italy, this is the fairy Befana, an old woman with a hooked nose who flies to children on a broom, giving gifts. A kind of “Santa Claus” in a skirt. The Mongols call their Snow Maiden Zazan Okhin, the girl Snow. The heroine traditionally asks riddles and gives gifts only after hearing the answer. In the USA, Santa has only reindeer as his assistants, but there is no Snow Maiden.

It is curious that if you try to translate the word Snow Maiden into English using the Google Translate service, the result will always be different. Yesterday Snegurochka was translated as “Snow - boy” (literally - snow boy). Today, Snegurochka in the service database is translated as Snow-maiden (Made from snow).

2 Masha, the Bear's restless companion, a naughty character in the record-breaking 3D cartoon.

The green-eyed fidget is fluent in hand-to-hand combat techniques, loves to be capricious and mischievous, and asks questions that are difficult to answer. The prototype of the animated series was the folklore heroine of a Russian folk tale. Director O. Kuznetsov borrowed character traits from the hero of O. Henry’s story “The Leader of the Redskins.” The team behind the series does not adapt native Russian characters for broadcast in different countries.

3 Baba Yaga- witch, heroine Slavic mythology, endowed magical power. The negative character lures good fellows into his hut on chicken legs, without fail giving the heroes a fairy-tale horse and a magical navigator of those times - a ball of thread. The Russian witch is not always friendly, but if you have the gift of eloquence, she can help.

4 Firebird, a fabulous bird that heals the sick and restores sight to the blind, is the sister of the Western European bird Phoenix, which knew how to resurrect from the ashes. The father of the two fiery heroines was most likely Peacock.

Each heroine is an individual, embodying good or evil, her actions and actions are directly related to her character and mission.

Male images: “there are still no shortage of heroes on the Russian land!”

No less colorful is the top positive male images, vividly conveying the spirit of the Russian people. The main images are always antagonistic: in contrast to the beautiful, there is always something bad. Without which male characters are Russian fairy tales unthinkable?

1 Father Frost.

In the Russian version - Morozko, Studenets, mighty ruler winter blizzard. The character adored by children rides three horses, binds ponds and rivers with the sound of a staff, and sweeps away cities and villages with his cold breath. IN New Year together with the Snow Maiden gives gifts. During the Soviet era, Grandfather was dressed in a red fur coat, the color of the country’s flag. The image of the popular Grandfather, who “wanders through forests and meadows” is played out differently in different countries: Santa Claus, Joulupuki, Jouluvana.

This is interesting:

According to the most conservative estimates of scientists, Santa Claus is already more than 2000 years old. For two thousand years, Santa Claus has appeared in different images. First - in the guise of the pagan god Zimnik: an old man of small stature, with white hair and a long gray beard, with his head uncovered, in warm white clothes and with an iron mace in his hands. And in the fourth century, Santa Claus was reminded of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker, who lived in Asia Minor in the city of Patara.

Grandfather began coming to the house with gifts with the beginning of the New Year celebration in Rus'. Previously, he gave gifts to the obedient and smart, and beat the mischievous ones with a stick. But the years have made Santa Claus more compassionate: he replaced the stick with a magic staff.

By the way, Father Frost first appeared on the pages of books in 1840, when Vladimir Odoevsky’s “Children’s Tales of Grandfather Irenaeus” was published. In the book, the name and patronymic of the winter magician became known - Moroz Ivanovich.

In the twentieth century, Santa Claus almost disappeared. After the revolution, it was considered that celebrating Christmas was harmful for the people, because it was a real “priestly” holiday. However, in 1935, the disgrace was finally lifted, and soon Father Frost and the Snow Maiden appeared together for the first time at the Christmas tree celebration in the Moscow House of Unions.

2 Three heroes. Strong, brave, cheerful heroes have long become a symbol of Russia, thanks to a series of full-length adventures by Alyosha Popovich, Dobrynya Nikitich and Ilya Muromets. In fact, the brave fellows never met in life; according to epics, they even lived in different centuries.

This is interesting:

In 2015, the 6th part of the saga, “Three Heroes: Knight's Move,” released on screens, collected 962,961,596 rubles. Almost 1 billion rubles! Thus, the film became the highest grossing animated film of the year. Although it all started modestly: the box office of the first part - “Alyosha Popovich and Tugarin the Serpent” (2004) - amounted to 48,376,440 rubles. Then the fees grew steadily.

3 Ivan the Fool(third son) - a character who embodies a special “magic strategy”: the hero acts in spite of common sense and always succeeds! The fool excels at solving riddles, defeats evil spirits and valiantly saves the main character.

Pinocchio, Crocodile Gena, Doctor Aibolit, Barmaley, Winnie the Pooh, Leopold the Cat and Matroskin the Cat are also among the most popular and beloved heroes of Russian cinema, who rightfully occupy high positions in the ranking of fairy-tale characters.

Evil spirits: guardians of forests, swamps and houses

Most large group Russian folk epic are mythical creatures. Vodyanoy, Kikimora, Goblin, mermaids, Brownie, Baba Yaga - magical images, which appeared along with by inexplicable forces nature. In their actions and character, these are more negative characters, but at the same time, they are charming and charismatic in their modern films and cartoons, these include:

1 Koschei the Deathless. A character with supernatural powers. According to legends, he is a treacherous old man who kills domestic animals. The sorcerer often kidnaps the protagonist's fiancee in the hope of "mutual love."

This is interesting:

In Soviet cinema, Koshei was brilliantly played by actor Georgy Millyar. Basically, he played all sorts of evil spirits and he had to apply complex makeup. But for the role of Koshchei the Immortal, makeup was practically not needed, since the actor himself resembled a living skeleton (after contracting malaria, the actor’s weight was only 45 kg).

• Article

A folk tale is a message from our ancestors, passed down from time immemorial. Through magical stories, sacred information about morality and spirituality, traditions and culture is conveyed to us. The heroes of Russian folk tales are very colorful. They live in a world full of wonders and dangers. In him there's a battle going on light and dark forces, as a result of which goodness and justice always win.

Ivan the Fool

The main character of Russian fairy tales is a seeker. He goes to hard way to get a magic item or a bride, to deal with the monster. In this case, the character may initially occupy a low social position. Typically this is peasant son, most youngest child in family.

By the way, the word "fool" in ancient times did not have negative meaning. Since the 14th century, it has served as a talismanic name, often given to the youngest son. He did not receive any inheritance from his parents. Older brothers in fairy tales are successful and practical. Ivan spends time on the stove, since he is not interested in living conditions. He does not seek money or fame, and patiently endures the ridicule of others.

However, it is Ivan the Fool who is ultimately lucky. He is unpredictable, capable of solving non-standard riddles, and defeats the enemy with cunning. The hero is characterized by mercy and kindness. He helps out those in trouble, releases the pike, for which he is awarded magical help. Having overcome all obstacles, Ivan the Fool marries the king's daughter, becomes rich. Behind unsightly clothes hides the image of a sage serving good and wary of falsehood.

Bogatyr

This hero was borrowed from epics. He is handsome, brave, noble. It often grows “by leaps and bounds.” Possesses enormous power, is able to saddle a heroic horse. There are many stories where a character fights a monster, dies, and then is resurrected.

The names of the heroes of Russian fairy tales can be different. We meet Ilya Muromets, Bova Korolevich, Alyosha Popovich, Nikita Kozhemyaka and other characters. Ivan Tsarevich can also be classified in this category. He enters into battle with the Serpent Gorynych or Koshchei, saddles Sivka-Burka, protects the weak, and rescues the princess.

It is significant that the hero sometimes makes mistakes (responds rudely to the grandmother he meets, burns the skin of a frog). Subsequently, he has to repent of this, ask for forgiveness, and correct the situation. By the end of the tale, he gains wisdom, finds the princess and receives half the kingdom as a reward for his exploits.

Wonder Bride

By the end of the story, an intelligent and beautiful girl becomes the wife of a fairy-tale hero. In Russian folk tales we meet Vasilisa the Wise, Marya Morevna, and Elena the Beautiful. They embody the popular idea of ​​a woman standing guard over her family.

The heroines are distinguished by their resourcefulness and intelligence. Thanks to their help, the hero solves ingenious riddles and defeats the enemy. Often beautiful princess subject to the forces of nature, she is able to turn into an animal (swan, frog), and create real miracles. The heroine uses powerful forces for the benefit of her lover.

There is also an image of a meek stepdaughter in fairy tales, who achieves success thanks to her hard work and kindness. General qualities for all the positive female images are loyalty, purity of aspirations and readiness to help.

Which hero of Russian fairy tales is the most beloved and popular among children and adults? The first place rightfully belongs to Baba Yaga. This is a very controversial character with a terrifying appearance, a hooked nose and a bone leg. In ancient times, “Baba” was the name given to the mother, the eldest woman in the family. "Yaga" may be related to the Old Russian words "yagat" ("to shout loudly, swear") or "yagaya" ("sick, angry").

Lives old witch in the forest, on the border of ours and other world. Her hut on chicken legs is surrounded by a fence made of human bones. Grandma flies on a mortar, makes friends with evil spirits, kidnaps children and keeps them from uninvited guests a bunch of magic items. According to scientists, it is associated with the kingdom of the dead. This is indicated by the loose hair that was unbraided for women before burial, the bone leg, and also the house. The Slavs made wooden huts for the dead, which they placed on stumps in the forest.

In Rus' they always respected their ancestors and turned to them for advice. That's why they come to Baba Yaga good fellows, and she tests them. To those who pass the test, the witch gives a hint, points the way to Koshchei, gives a magic ball, as well as a towel, comb and other wonders. Baba Yaga doesn’t eat children either, but she puts them in the oven and spends them ancient rite"overbaking". In Rus' it was believed that in this way a child could be healed of an illness.

Koschey

The name of this fairy-tale hero of Russian fairy tales could come from the Turkic “koschey”, which translates as “slave”. The character was chained and kept prisoner for three hundred years. He himself also likes to kidnap beautiful girls and hide them in prison. According to another version, the name comes from the Slavic “kostit” (to scold, to harm) or “bone”. Koschey is often depicted as a skinny old man, more like a skeleton.

He is a very powerful sorcerer, lives far from other people and owns countless treasures. The death of the hero is in a needle, which is securely hidden in objects and animals nested inside each other like a nesting doll. The prototype of Koshchei may be the winter deity Karachun, who was born from a golden egg. It covered the earth with ice and brought death with it, forcing our ancestors to move to warmer areas. In other myths, Koshchei was the name of the son of Chernobog. The latter could control time and command the army the afterlife.

This is one of the most ancient images. The hero of Russian fairy tales differs from foreign dragons by having several heads. Usually their number is a multiple of three. The creature can fly, breathes fire and abducts people. It lives in caves, where it hides captives and treasures. Often appears in front of a positive hero after emerging from the water. The nickname “Gorynych” is associated either with the character’s habitat (mountain) or with the verb “to burn.”

The image of the terrible Serpent is borrowed from ancient myths about the dragon who guards the entrance to underground kingdom. To become a man, a teenager had to defeat him, i.e. accomplish a feat and then enter world of the dead and come back as an adult. According to another version, Zmey Gorynych - collective image steppe nomads who attacked Rus' in huge hordes. At the same time, they used fire shells that burned wooden cities.

Forces of nature

In ancient times, people personified the Sun, Wind, Moon, Thunder, Rain and other phenomena on which their lives depended. They often became heroes of Russian fairy tales, married princesses, and helped good heroes. There are also anthropomorphic rulers of certain elements: Moroz Ivanovich, goblin, water one. They can play the role of both positive and negative characters.

Nature is depicted as spiritual. The well-being of people largely depends on her actions. Thus, Morozko rewards the meek, hardworking daughter of an old man, whom her stepmother ordered to abandon in the forest, with gold and a fur coat. At the same time, her selfish stepsister dies from his spell. The Slavs worshiped the forces of nature and at the same time were wary of them, tried to appease them with the help of sacrifices, and made requests.

Grateful animals

In fairy tales we meet talking wolf, magic horse and cow, goldfish, a wish-fulfilling pike. And also a bear, hare, hedgehog, raven, eagle, etc. They all understand human speech and have unusual abilities. The hero helps them out of trouble, gives them life, and in return they help defeat the enemy.

Traces of totemism are clearly visible here. The Slavs believed that each genus descended from a specific animal. After death, the soul of a person moves into the beast and vice versa. For example, in the fairy tale "Burenushka" the soul of a deceased mother is reborn in the form of a cow to help her orphaned daughter. Such an animal could not be killed, because it became a relative and protected from harm. Sometimes the heroes of a fairy tale can themselves turn into an animal or a bird.

Firebird

Many positive heroes of fairy tales try to take possession of it. The wonderful bird dazzles the eyes like golden sun, and lives behind a stone wall in rich lands. Freely floating in the sky, she is a symbol heavenly body which gives good luck, abundance, creative power. This is a representative of another world, who often turns into a kidnapper. The firebird steals rejuvenating apples, bestowing beauty and immortality.

Only those who are pure in soul, believe in the dream and are closely connected with their deceased ancestors can catch it. Usually this younger son, who had to care for his old parents and spent a lot of time near the family hearth.

Thus, the heroes of Russian fairy tales teach us to respect our ancestors, listen to our hearts, overcome fear, pursue our dreams despite mistakes, and always help those asking for help. And then the divine radiance of the magical firebird will fall on a person, transforming him and bestowing happiness.

Fairy tales play a significant role in a person’s life. This is one of the first things he hears after birth; she also accompanies him in the next stages of growing up. Not only children, but also adults love fairy tales. Their deep philosophical meaning gives you the opportunity to look at ordinary things differently; understand the principles of good and evil; learn to believe in miracles and not forget about your own role.

Moral values ​​are transmitted through typical characters, each of which has its own folk prototype.

Hare

Runaway bunny, gray bunny, scythe - as they name the animal in Russian folk tales. He is endowed with a cowardly, but at the same time friendly character. Fairytale hare possesses cunning, dexterity and resourcefulness. A striking example- the fairy tale “The Fox and the Hare”, where a small animal turns from a cowardly animal into a savvy hero who managed to deceive even the evil wolf and help his friends.

In nature, hares do have cautious habits that help them avoid the teeth of predators. Our ancestors also knew this feature of the animal.

Fox

Cunning, resourceful, smart, insidious, vindictive...What traits are not given to a fox in fairy tales? She deceives animals, seeks profit everywhere, and is not afraid of people. The fox makes friends with the strong, but only for its own benefit.

The image of the animal embodies cunning. People's prototype can be considered dishonest, thieving, but at the same time smart person. The fox is feared, despised and respected at the same time. This is evidenced by the appeal to her in fairy tales as Fox Patrikeevna, Little Fox-Sister.

Wolf

The wolf in Russian fairy tales embodies anger. He preys on weaker animals; doesn't always act cunningly. Other characters take advantage of the wolf's shortsightedness. In the fairy tale “Little Fox and Sister Gray wolf“The formidable predator was deceived by a red-haired cheat, and in “The Three Little Pigs”

He was tricked by harmless pigs.

Our ancestors also associated the wolf with death. Indeed, in nature, this predator is considered a kind of forest orderly who hunts weak and sick animals. And the human prototype of a wolf can be considered one who is too angry, greedy and vindictive.

Bear

The fairytale bear is the owner of the forest. He is strong, rude, clumsy and not entirely smart. It is believed that the common people wanted to show the landowners in the image of a bear. Therefore, in fairy tales this animal is often deceived by weaker animals with which ordinary people are associated.

At the same time, in fairy tales you can find another image of a bear: kind, calm, honest and freedom-loving. It is enough to remember how the bear helped the lost girl Masha in the work of the same name.

Man (peasant)

The image of a man in fairy tales has different meaning. In some works he appears as a personification working people: somewhat simple-minded, works all the time, does not put up with the injustice of rich bosses. On the other hand, traits such as wisdom and cunning were embodied in the man. He is hardworking, not rich, but much more cunning and resourceful than the landowners and generals.

Baba Yaga

A hut on chicken legs, a black cat, a mortar and a broom are the main attributes of any fairytale Baba Yaga. This old woman is both evil (her threats are worth it) and kind (she helps in difficult situations). She is wise, strong-willed, purposeful. She can be an advisor, or she can be a threat.

The image of Baba Yaga in Russian fairy tales is one of the most controversial and controversial. She personifies matriarchal traits. Among our ancestors, Baba Yaga was closely connected with the clan.

Koschei the Deathless

In fairy tales, his image can be seen in three forms: a sorcerer with special powers, the king of the underworld, and an old man who may be the husband of the Snake or a friend of Baba Yaga. Has unusual abilities: turns heroes into animals and birds. You can defeat him only through certain rituals (using a magic horse, a club, burning). Despite his name, he is not at all immortal, because his death is at the tip of a needle (or, as an option, in an egg), which are securely hidden.

The folk prototype of Koshchei is a powerful, evil, cunning and vile person endowed with magical properties.

Ivan the Fool

Despite the ambiguous name, Ivan is not at all the personification of stupidity, even if he is called a fool in the work. In fairy tales, he is the youngest of the sons, who often does nothing, is lazy, but achieves a lot in life, thanks to cunning and luck. This positive hero, embodying the characteristics of something people would like to have. Some kind of dream, where without special effort, by chance, everything works out: to become rich and to marry a princess. Our ancestors, in the image of Ivan the Fool, wanted to show a successful person.

Ivan Tsarevich

Unlike Ivan the Fool, who gets everything simply and effortlessly, Ivan Tsarevich, in order to achieve his goal, must overcome many obstacles, showing his strength, intelligence and skills. He becomes a prince not only by the fact of birth, which he is not even aware of, but by merit. Like Ivan the Fool, he is most often the youngest of the brothers, only of royal blood.

Kikimora

Kikimora in fairy tales can appear in the form of an ugly creature of indeterminate age (this is a girl, an old woman, and even a man). Is the personification of evil spirits. She tries to hide from people, but lives near residential buildings or in a swamp. Her job is to cause mischief and frighten.

The mythological meaning of kikimora among our ancestors is a person who died in an unrighteous way. Therefore, his soul finds no peace.

Water

The merman is the master of water. This is half old man, half fish. Lives near mills, in pools and wormwood. Scares people and drags them to the bottom; breaks mills and drowns cattle. But a merman can be deceived and defeated by cunning.

Russian folk tales- this is a significant element national history, through the prism of which one can consider not only the people, but also holistic education, but also its individual aspects. Belief in good and evil, justice, family foundations, religious views, awareness of one’s own place in the world around us. Russian folktale always carries a teaching component, hiding it under the shell of a light, simple narrative.

Heroes of Russian folk tales- these are collective images of the most typical folk traits. The breadth of the Russian soul, the proverbial maybe or the fool rich in thoughts - everything is reflected in folklore stories. Whatever fairy tale we take, it’s hidden all around deep meaning. Often, under the guise of a clumsy clubfooted bear, a gullible hare or a cunning fox, one can see the vices of human character, much more clearly than would be noticeable in “adult” stories.

It’s not for nothing that they say- the fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it...

Animal heroes in Russian folk tales are closely related to the ideas about the world of the ancient Slavs. The close proximity to the natural environment, vast forests and valleys of deep rivers, put us in fairy tales typical representatives the surrounding landscape - foxes, bears, wolves, hares. Cattle and small cattle also often act as fairy-tale characters. Especially in cases where the cult of home, prosperity, family is emphasized ( for example, in the fairy tale Kroshechka-Khavroshechka). Poultry is also revered ( Chicken Ryaba), and small rodents ( Mouse Norushka).

It is important to remember that the ability not just to listen, but to hear and understand what is hidden in Russian folk tales, is as valuable as, for example, understanding foreign language. The words themselves have no meaning. It is much more important what depth they store within themselves. And, since fairy tales have been preserved and survived troubled and well-fed times, it means that they really are a storehouse of folk knowledge.

List of heroes of Russian folk tales

1. Baba Yaga

Evil woman in mythology Slavic peoples. Acts as a negative hero. Endowed magical power. Its main attributes: a black cat, a hut on chicken legs, a mortar with a broom.

In different fairy tales, the image of Baba Yaga has different emotional connotations. Sometimes she confronts the main character; in some cases supports and instructs him; less often, she herself speaks out against evil.

Baba Yaga is very ancient mythological image. It allows us to take a different look at the life and philosophy of our ancestors.

Tales about Baba Yaga:

2.Vasilisa the Beautiful

A collective idealized image of the feminine in fairy tales. Combines the mind - worldly wisdom and beauty. Considered a daughter Sea King, and goes to the main character as a reward for victory over evil. Other names: Elena the Wise, Vasilisa the Wise, Marya the Artisan, Marya Morevna. Often changes images, transforming into animals.

Vasilisa is a very ancient Slavic image that idealizes the feminine. Reading carefully fairy tales, you can learn a lot about ancient social institutions and relationships between men and women.

Tales about Vasilisa the Beautiful (the Wise):

3. Water

Lord of the water element in the minds of the Slavic peoples. Moreover, in contrast To the Sea King, rules over stagnant, musty waters: whirlpools, swamps, ice holes. Usually depicted as an old man with fish-like features, a long shaggy beard, dressed in mud.

The legends about Vodyanoy are very diverse. He is powerful and, despite his bad temper, favors beekeepers. He also does not touch the fishermen who are ready to share their catch with him. But the unbaptized or those who forgot to make the sign of the cross before bathing do not regret anything.

Tale about a merman:

4. Firebird

A fire bird; usually the search object the main character of the fairy tale. It cannot be picked up with bare hands. The singing of the Firebird heals the sick, restores youth, and drives away sorrows. Capable of giving its owner untold wealth.

5. Serpent Gorynych

Mythical dragon in Slavic mythology. Has several heads. Capable of spewing flames. Lives in the area Fire River and guards the passage to Kingdom of the Dead. In fairy tales it appears as negative character, an integral link in the balance of the forces of good and evil.

6. Ivan the Fool

Comical character in Russian folk tales. This is a collective image of the poorest peasant class - illiterate, unsophisticated and outrageously simple in everyday affairs. It is for these qualities that Ivan the Fool is given what he deserves. The late Christian cultural layer also plays an important role in this image.

Truly I tell you, unless you are converted and become like little children, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven” (Matt. 18:3)

7. Ivan Tsarevich

Hero of Russian folk tales. In most stories - positive character. Name "prince" indicates royalty of intentions and actions rather than an actual title. Usually, according to the plot, he performs a difficult task for which he receives a reward.

8. Kolobok

The main character of the Russian folk tale of the same name; rolled dough ball symbol of contentment and satiety of the Russian people. A limited number of ingredients are used to prepare it, but despite this, Kolobok turns out rosy and appetizing. Hidden in this the main moral of the tale. True, in the end, for his arrogance, Kolobok is overtaken by retribution.

But, all the same, it is emphasized - Bread is the head of everything.

9. Cat Bayun

Endowed with magical powers mythical creature. Usually, bad guy. It has enormous size and the ability to speak in a human voice. "Bayun" means talker. With his stories - fairy tales, a cat can chat his interlocutor to death. However, for those who manage to tame it or receive it as a trophy, the cat will give eternal health, youth and strength.

10. Koschey (Kashchei) the Immortal

Skinny, wrinkled old man. Always a negative character in fairy tales. Has magical powers. Immortal. His life is enclosed in several objects placed one inside the other. For example, an oak tree, underneath there is a cave, there is a chest, in the chest there is a box, in the box there is an egg, in the egg there is a needle. In Slavic mythology, it guards the passage to the Kingdom of the Dead. Enters into an alliance with Zmey Gorynych.
According to the plot of the fairy tale, he often kidnaps the main character’s bride.

11. Chicken Ryaba

The magic chicken from the fairy tale of the same name. Carries golden eggs. Personifies special role domestic animals on a farm. Reasonable and wise. Shows that gold may not always be more important than an ordinary egg which is used for food.

12. Leshy

Owner of the forest, incorporeal or corporeal being. Capable of changing appearance. He transforms into animals, trees, dwarfs, giants, and even takes on the appearance of familiar people. Goblin neutral. And depending on his attitude towards the hero, he becomes either kind or evil character. Can emulate all the sounds of the forest. Often the approach of Leshy is guessed in the rustling of leaves in calm weather.

13. Dashing

Living embodiment difficult human lot, fate. Usually appears in the form one-eyed ugly monster with a slobbering toothy mouth. The prototype of Likh in Slavic mythology is greek myths about the one-eyed Cyclops.

14. Frost

Morozko, Santa Claus. This gray-bearded old man in a long fur coat with a staff in his hands. Is patron of the cold. Snowfalls, blizzards and blizzards are subject to it. Usually fair. He gives gifts to those he likes. Helps in difficult situations and punishes those who deserve it. He rides a large sleigh drawn by three horses.

(IN Western tradition– Santa Claus rides on a sleigh with reindeer).

15. Sea King

Lord of all earthly waters. Possesses untold riches, left over from those that sank in different historical eras ships. The Tsar lives in a huge palace in the very depths of the sea. They surround him sea ​​maidens, which are capable of captivating sailors and men just casually walking along the shore. The king is subject to storms. He sinks ships at will.

16. Snow Maiden

Granddaughter of Santa Claus. In Slavic mythology it is mentioned as a girl made made of snow. IN winter period The Snow Maiden is having fun and behaves like an ordinary child. And as soon as the sun warms up, it melts, turning into a cloud until the next Winter.

Winter scares summer, but it still melts.

17. Soldier

The hero of Russian fairy tales, devoid of any supernatural power. Is the personification ordinary Russian people. As a rule, after finishing his service, he finds himself in difficult situations, from which they help him get out magical creatures and objects.

The fire heats a soldier, the rain washes him, the wind blows him, the frost burns him, but he is still the same.

18. Princess Nesmeyana

The Tsar's daughter who never smiled. According to fairy tales, main character figures out how to make the princess laugh and for this gets her as his wife, along with half the kingdom.

Laughter is not a sin as long as it is pleasant for everyone.

19. Frog Princess

Usually, under the guise of the Frog Princess hides Vasilisa the Wise. She is forced to stay in the body of an amphibian until the main character frees her. Possesses magical abilities and worldly wisdom.

20. Miracle Yudo

Unusual fairy tale character, sea ​​dweller And oceans. Does not carry a pronounced emotional coloring (neither good nor evil). Usually perceived as a wonderful fish.

Elena Evgenievna Zyzina
Interactive game “Kind and evil heroes Russian folk tales"

Interactive game« Good and evil heroes of Russian folk tales»

Target: with examples fairy tales form an idea about good and evil, to uncover good and evil deeds. Make it clear that everyone is given freedom choice: create good or evil. Continue to learn how to make a coherent story, develop coherent speech skills.

One of the main topics Russian folk tales had a theme of good and evil. IN In fairy tales there are good and evil heroes. Heroes of Russian fairy tales are often magical powers, which in ancient times served as the subject of people's faith in mystical reality. Every fairy tale hero has its own unique type - one starts intrigues, the other brilliantly defeats the villain and lives happily ever after.

Appears in this game fairy tale hero, and the guys must answer whether he is good or evil. You can also clarify what actions he committed hero. Good heroes go to the kingdom Of good, evil ones - to the kingdom of Evil.

Publications on the topic:

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