Black color code html. Color in styles can be specified in different ways: by hexadecimal value, by name, in RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA format

As you know, color can affect a person’s state: both mental and physical. Every day, while browsing websites on the Internet, the eyes evaluate millions of colors and shades. A web designer who is familiar with the psychology of color can manipulate the visitor's mood to achieve certain goals.

This is due to the fact that some shades calm, and some, on the contrary, excite. Next we will talk about how color is synthesized and displayed using computer technology.

RGB is a color model that represents a method of obtaining all colors and their shades by mixing in various proportions three main components, which are:

• Red color ( Red);
• green color ( Green);
• Blue colour ( Blue).

This is where the abbreviated name RGB comes from. These colors were chosen as the main ones for a reason: the reason is the physiology of the retina of the human eye, and how it perceives them:

Numerical representation of color

As mentioned earlier, RGB colors are formed by mixing primary colors. To describe the intensity of each of them, a scheme was adopted in which color is represented by the range 0-255 (8 bits), which in hexadecimal notation corresponds to 00-FF.

That is, the primary colors will look like this:

• Red – RGB (255,0,0);
• Green – RGB (0,255,0);
• Blue – RGB (0,0,255);

If the color intensity takes values ​​less than 255, then different shades of red, green and blue are obtained. The following is a table of their gradations, as well as the hexadecimal values ​​of each of the shades:

RGB color tables

Naturally, in addition to gradations of primary colors, there are mixed ones, and their number is quite large. Therefore, a table of RGB colors was created, which presents all existing shades, as well as their names and numerical representations ( in decimal and hexadecimal form).

You can view it here. This table makes life much easier for web designers, since in a few seconds you can find the required shade and find out its numerical representation.

Safe RGB color palette

However, at some point there was a problem with displaying colors in different browsers, and to solve it, the so-called “safe” palette of RGB colors was compiled, which were derived by mathematical calculations.

When the browser can't display a color correctly, it will try to get something close to what it needs by mixing adjacent colors, and most likely the result will be completely unacceptable:

By using RGB color codes from this palette, a web developer can have peace of mind regarding the display of colors on the pages of their website when viewed using different browsers, platforms and monitors. Although at the moment the table of safe colors is losing its relevance ( technological progress still does not stand still), when using it you can, as they say, sleep peacefully.

Gold color in RGB model

The word “gold” was first used at the beginning of the 14th century to describe the color of a chemical element called Aurum - gold. In the RGB model, the color gold is represented by the following numerical values:

• RGB (255, 215, 0) – decimal system;
• HEX #FFD700 – hexadecimal system.

Beige color in RGB model

Beige color occupies a rather significant place in history, even if it is not the most expressive. Many cultural monuments, especially ancient sculptures, were made of soapstone and soapstone, which have a beige tint. In the RGB model, the color beige has the following numeric representations.

>>Color management

Hexadecimal RGB color values

Methods of describing and processing color differ from each other in what final representation they are intended for. Let us compare, for example, the representation of colors for printing and for computer monitors. In the first case, the basis is taken white the color of the paper on which three primary colors are subsequently applied: blue, purple And yellow. Mixing with each other and with the white color of paper in different proportions, these three primary colors give different color shades, except for pure black, or in the complete absence of paints they give white paper. If we add black color to them, we get CMYK-a method of transmitting color when the required color is obtained by subtracting the missing colors from white.

In the second case, the basis is taken black the color of the monitor screen, each cell of which glows in one of three colors: red-red, green-green and blue-blue. Then, in the complete absence of any glow, we get a pure black screen color, and any of the required colors is given by the ratio of each of the three colors. In this case we will get RGB-method of color transmission. Primary colors can range from 0 before 255 , or from 0% before 100% , or can be represented as a hexadecimal value. In the figure below you can see the results of mixing primary colors.

The hexadecimal number system, unlike the decimal number system, has not ten digits, but sixteen - hence the name. Accordingly, there can only be non-repeating variants of combinations of two digits - 256 , to continue the series of numbers after 9 letters from A before F, therefore, the series will look like this -

In this case, the color is specified by three hexadecimal numbers, each of which consists of two digits. The first number determines the intensity red colors, medium- green, last thing- blue colors. All numbers can take values ​​in the range from 00 before FF(from 0 to 255). For example: green color is given as #00FF00, red - like #FF0000, blue - like #0000FF, white - like #FFFFFF, complete absence of color or black is given as #000000 .

In the form below you can specify any hexadecimal values ​​for each of the three colors and see the result of mixing them by clicking in the output field.

Examples of some hexadecimal RGB color values: gradations of red, blue and green.

Specifying Color Using String Literals

For ease of use, some colors and their combinations were assigned names that are recognized by all browsers, and it became possible to set many of them by name. The table below shows some of the color names:

Using a safe color palette

Unfortunately, on different platforms, with different system settings, correct color reproduction is a problem. The thing is that the browser always tries to adjust the color palette of the document to the system settings and monitor capabilities, by independently mixing colors and replacing them. As a result, sometimes the user does not see exactly what the webmaster wanted to show him. A way out of this situation was found in the use of a palette, each color of which is guaranteed to be rendered equally by all browsers on different platforms. This is the so-called guaranteed palette, also called safe palette. This palette includes colors whose color components take the following values: 00 ,33 ,66 ,99 , CC,FF, in all possible ways 216 their combinations.

Vlad Merzhevich

In HTML, color is specified in one of two ways: using hexadecimal code and by the name of certain colors. The method based on the hexadecimal number system is predominantly used, as it is the most universal.

Hexadecimal colors

HTML uses hexadecimal numbers to specify colors. The hexadecimal system, unlike the decimal system, is based, as its name suggests, on the number 16. The numbers will be as follows: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C , D, E, F. Numbers from 10 to 15 are replaced by Latin letters. In table 6.1 shows the correspondence between decimal and hexadecimal numbers.

Numbers greater than 15 in the hexadecimal system are formed by combining two numbers into one (Table 6.2). For example, the number 255 in decimal corresponds to the number FF in hexadecimal.

To avoid confusion in defining the number system, a hexadecimal number is preceded by a hash symbol #, for example #aa69cc. In this case, the case does not matter, so it is permissible to write #F0F0F0 or #f0f0f0.

A typical color used in HTML looks like this.

Here the background color of the web page is set to #FA8E47. The hash symbol # in front of a number means it is hexadecimal. The first two digits (FA) define the red component of the color, the third through fourth digits (8E) define the green component, and the last two digits (47) define the blue component. The end result will be this color.

Each of the three colors - red, green and blue - can take values ​​from 00 to FF, resulting in a total of 256 shades. Thus, the total number of colors can be 256x256x256 = 16,777,216 combinations. A color model based on red, green and blue components is called RGB (red, green, blue; red, green, blue). This model is additive (from add - add), in which the addition of all three components forms the color white.

To make it easier to navigate hexadecimal colors, take into account some rules.

• If the values ​​of the color components are the same (for example: #D6D6D6), then the result will be a gray tint. The higher the number, the lighter the color, with values ​​ranging from #000000 (black) to #FFFFFF (white).
• A bright red color is formed if the red component is made maximum (FF) and the remaining components are set to zero. A color with a value of #FF0000 is the reddest possible red shade. The same is true for green (#00FF00) and blue (#0000FF).
• Yellow (#FFFF00) is made by mixing red and green. This is clearly visible on the color wheel (Fig. 6.1), which presents the primary colors (red, green, blue) and complementary or additional ones. These include yellow, cyan and violet (also called magenta). In general, any color can be obtained by mixing colors close to it. Thus, cyan (#00FFFF) is obtained by combining blue and green.

Rice. 6.1. Color circle

Colors based on hexadecimal values ​​do not have to be empirically selected. For this purpose, a graphic editor that can work with different color models, for example, Adobe Photoshop, is suitable. In Fig. Figure 6.2 shows the window for selecting a color in this program; the resulting hexadecimal value of the current color is outlined with a line. You can copy and paste it into your code.

Rice. 6.2. Window for choosing colors in Photoshop

Web colors

If you set the monitor's color rendering quality to 8 bits (256 colors), then the same color can be displayed differently in different browsers. This is due to the way graphics are displayed, when the browser works with its own palette and cannot show a color that is not in its palette. In this case, the color is replaced by a combination of pixels of other, close to it, colors that imitate the given one. To ensure that the color remains the same across different browsers, a palette of so-called web colors was introduced. Web colors are those colors for which each component - red, green and blue - is set to one of six values ​​- 0 (00), 51 (33), 102 (66), 153 (99), 204 (CC), 255 (FF). The hexadecimal value of this component is indicated in brackets. The total number of colors from all possible combinations gives 6x6x6 - 216 colors. An example web color is #33FF66.

The main feature of web color is that it appears the same in all browsers. At the moment, the relevance of web colors is very small due to the improvement in the quality of monitors and the expansion of their capabilities.

Colors by name

To avoid having to remember a set of numbers, you can use the names of commonly used colors instead. In table 6.3 shows the names of popular color names.

It doesn't matter whether you specify a color by its name or by using hexadecimal numbers. These methods are equal in their effect. Example 6.1 shows how to set the background and text colors of a web page.

Example 6.1. Background and text color

Example text

In this example, the background color is set using the bgcolor attribute of the tag , and the text color through the text attribute. For variety, the text attribute is set to a hexadecimal number, and the bgcolor attribute is set to the reserved keyword teal .

Color codes in CSS are used to specify colors. Typically, color codes or color values ​​are used to set the color for either the foreground color of an element (e.g. text color, link color) or the background color of an element (background color, block color). They can also be used to change the color of a button, border, marker, hover, and other decorative effects.

You can specify your color values ​​in various formats. The following table lists all possible formats:

The listed formats are described in more detail below.

CSS Colors - Hex Codes

Hexadecimal color code is a six-digit representation of color. The first two digits (RR) represent the red value, the next two represent the green value (GG), and the last two represent the blue value (BB).

CSS Colors - Short Hex Codes

Short hex color code is a shorter form of six-character notation. In this format, each digit is repeated to produce an equivalent six-digit color value. For example: #0F0 becomes #00FF00.

The hexadecimal value can be taken from any graphics software such as Adobe Photoshop, Core Draw, etc.

Each hexadecimal color code in CSS will be preceded by a hash sign "#". Below are examples of using hexadecimal notations.

CSS Colors - RGB Values

RGB value is a color code that is set using the rgb() property. This property takes three values: one each for red, green, and blue. The value can be an integer, from 0 to 255, or a percentage.

Note: Not all browsers support the rgb() color property, so it is not recommended to use it.

Below is an example showing multiple colors using RGB values.

Color code generator

You can create millions of color codes using our service.

Browser Safe Colors

Below is a table of 216 colors that are the most secure and computer-independent. These colors in CSS range from 000000 to FFFFFF hexadecimal code. They are safe to use because they ensure that all computers display color correctly when working with the 256 color palette.