Woe from Wit Description. Detailed characteristics of the heroes of “Woe from Wit” - comedy A

Roman A.S. Pushkin’s “Eugene Onegin” is a very powerful poetic work that tells about love, character, selfishness and, in general, about Russia and the life of its people. It was created for almost 7.5 years (from May 9, 1823 to September 25, 1830), becoming a real feat for the poet literary creativity. Before him, only Byron dared to write a novel in verse.

First chapter

The work began during Pushkin's stay in Chisinau. For her, the poet even came up with his own special style, later called the “Onegin stanza”: the first 4 lines rhyme crosswise, the next 3 - in pairs, from 9 to 12 - through a ring rhyme, the last 2 are consonant with each other. The first chapter was completed in Odessa, 5 months after it began.

After writing, the original text was revised several times by the poet. Pushkin added new and removed old stanzas from an already completed chapter. It was published in February 1825.

Chapter two

The initial 17 stanzas of the second chapter were created by November 3, 1923, and the last ones by December 8, 1923. At this time, Pushkin was still serving under Count Vorontsov. In 1824, already in exile in Mikhailovsky, he carefully revised and completed it. IN printed form the work was published in October 1826, and was published in May 1830. Interestingly, the same month was marked by another event for the poet - the long-awaited engagement to Natalya Goncharova.

Chapters three and four

Pushkin wrote the next two chapters from February 8, 1824 to January 6, 1825. The work, especially towards completion, was carried out intermittently. The reason is simple - the poet was writing “Boris Godunov” at that time, as well as several rather famous poems. The third chapter was published in printed form in 1827, and the fourth, dedicated to the poet P. Pletnev (a friend of Pushkin), was published in 1828, already in a revised form.

Chapters five, six and seven

The subsequent chapters were written in about 2 years - from January 4, 1826 to November 4, 1828. They appeared in printed form: part 5 - January 31, 1828, March 6 - 22, 1828, March 7 - 18, 1830 (in the form of a separate book).

Interesting facts are connected with the fifth chapter of the novel: Pushkin first lost it at cards, then won it back, and then completely lost the manuscript. Only a phenomenal memory saved the situation younger brother: Lev had already read the chapter and was able to reconstruct it from memory.

Chapter Eight

Pushkin began working on this part at the end of 1829 (December 24), during his trip along the Georgian Military Road. The poet finished it on September 25, 1830, already in Boldin. About a year later, in Tsarskoe Selo, he writes love letter Evgenia Onegin to Tatiana, who got married. On January 20, 1832, the chapter was published in printed form. On title page it means that it is the last, the work is completed.

Chapter about Evgeny Onegin's trip to the Caucasus

This part has come down to us in the form of small excerpts published in “Moskovsky Vestnik” (in 1827) and “ Literary newspaper"(in 1830). According to the opinions of Pushkin’s contemporaries, the poet wanted to tell in it about Eugene Onegin’s trip to the Caucasus and his death there during a duel. But, for unknown reasons, he never completed this chapter.

The novel "Eugene Onegin" in its in full force was published in one book in 1833. The reprint was carried out in 1837. Although the novel received edits, they were very minor. Today the novel by A.S. Pushkin is studied at school and at philological faculties. It is positioned as one of the first works in which the author managed to reveal all the pressing problems of his time.

“Eugene Onegin” reflected the entire life of Russian society early XIX century. However, two centuries later, this work is interesting not only in historical and literary terms, but also in terms of the relevance of the questions that Pushkin posed to the reading public. Everyone, opening the novel, found something of their own in it, empathized with the characters, noted the lightness and mastery of the style. And quotes from this work have long become aphorisms, they are pronounced even by those who have not read the book itself.

A.S. Pushkin created this work for about 8 years (1823-1831). The history of the creation of “Eugene Onegin” began in Chisinau in 1823. It reflected the experience of “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, but the subject of the image was not historical and folklore characters, A modern heroes and the author himself. The poet also begins to work in line with realism, gradually abandoning romanticism. During the period of Mikhailovsky exile, he continued to work on the book, and completed it during his forced imprisonment in the village of Boldino (Pushkin was detained by cholera). Thus, creative history The work absorbed the most “fertile” years of the creator, when his skill evolved at breakneck speed. So his novel reflected everything that he learned during this time, everything that he knew and felt. Perhaps the work owes its depth to this circumstance.

The author himself calls his novel “a collection motley chapters“, each of the 8 chapters has relative independence, because the writing of “Eugene Onegin” took a long time, and each episode opened a certain stage in Pushkin’s life. The book was published in parts, each release becoming an event in the world of literature. The complete edition was published only in 1837.

Genre and composition

A.S. Pushkin defined his work as a novel in verse, emphasizing that it is lyrical-epic: a storyline expressed love story heroes (epic beginning), adjacent to digressions and author’s reflections (lyrical beginning). This is why the genre of Eugene Onegin is called a “novel.”

"Eugene Onegin" consists of 8 chapters. In the first chapters, readers are introduced to central character Evgeniy, they move with him to the village and meet their future friend - Vladimir Lensky. Further, the drama of the story increases due to the appearance of the Larin family, especially Tatyana. The sixth chapter is the culmination of the relationship between Lensky and Onegin and the escape of the main character. And at the end of the work there is a denouement storyline Evgeniy and Tatiana.

Lyrical digressions are related to the narrative, but it is also a dialogue with the reader; they emphasize the “free” form, the closeness to an intimate conversation. The same factor can explain the incompleteness and openness of the ending of each chapter and the novel as a whole.

About what?

A young nobleman, already disillusioned with life, inherits an estate in the village and goes there, hoping to dispel his blues. It begins with the fact that he was forced to sit with his sick uncle, who left his family nest to his nephew. However, the hero soon becomes bored with rural life; his existence would become unbearable if not for his acquaintance with the poet Vladimir Lensky. Friends are “ice and fire,” but differences did not interfere with friendly relations. will help you figure this out.

Lensky introduces his friend to the Larin family: the old mother, sisters Olga and Tatyana. The poet has long been in love with Olga, a flighty coquette. Much more serious and more complete character Tatiana, who herself falls in love with Evgeniy. Her imagination had been picturing a hero for a long time; all that remained was for someone to appear. The girl suffers, is tormented, writes a romantic letter. Onegin is flattered, but understands that he cannot respond to such a passionate feeling, so he gives a harsh rebuke to the heroine. This circumstance plunges her into depression, she anticipates trouble. And trouble really came. Onegin decides to take revenge on Lensky because of an accidental disagreement, but chooses a terrible means: he flirts with Olga. The poet is offended and challenges yesterday's friend to a duel. But the culprit kills the “slave of honor” and leaves forever. The essence of the novel “Eugene Onegin” is not even to show all this. The main thing worth paying attention to is the description of Russian life and the psychologism of the characters, which develops under the influence of the depicted atmosphere.

However, the relationship between Tatiana and Evgeniy is not over. They meet at a social evening, where the hero sees not a naive girl, but a mature woman in full splendor. And he falls in love. He is also tormented and writes a message. And he meets with the same rebuke. Yes, the beauty did not forget anything, but it’s too late, she was “given to someone else”: . The failed lover is left with nothing.

The main characters and their characteristics

The images of the heroes of “Eugene Onegin” are not a random selection of characters. This is a miniature Russian society of that time, where all the known types of noble people are scrupulously listed: the poor landowner Larin, his secular but degenerate wife in the village, the exalted and insolvent poet Lensky, his flighty and frivolous passion, etc. All of them represent Imperial Russia during its heyday. No less interesting and original. Below is a description of the main characters:

1. Eugene Onegin - main character novel. It carries within itself dissatisfaction with life, fatigue from it. Pushkin talks in detail about the environment in which the young man grew up, about how the environment shaped his character. Onegin's upbringing is typical of the nobles of those years: a superficial education aimed at being successful in decent society. He was not prepared for real business, but exclusively for secular entertainment. Therefore, from a young age I was tired of the empty glitter of balls. He has “direct nobility of soul” (he feels a friendly attachment to Lensky, does not seduce Tatyana, taking advantage of her love). The hero is capable of deep feelings, but is afraid of losing freedom. But, despite his nobility, he is an egoist, and narcissism underlies all his feelings. The essay contains the most detailed description of the character.
2. Very different from Tatyana Larina, this image appears ideal: an integral, wise, devoted nature, ready to do anything for love. She grew up in a healthy environment, in nature, and not in the light, so real feelings are strong in her: kindness, faith, dignity. The girl loves to read, and in books she drew a special, romantic image, shrouded in mystery. It was this image that was embodied in Evgenia. And Tatyana gave herself up to this feeling with all passion, truthfulness and purity. She did not seduce, did not flirt, but took upon herself the courage to confess. This brave and honest act did not find a response in Onegin’s heart. He fell in love with her seven years later, when she shone in the world. Fame and wealth did not bring happiness to the woman; she married someone she didn’t love, but Eugene’s courtship is impossible, family vows are sacred to her. More about this in the essay.
3. Tatyana's sister Olga has no idea great interest, there is not a single sharp corner in it, everything is rounded, it is not for nothing that Onegin compares it to the moon. The girl accepts Lensky's advances. And any other person, because why not accept, she is flirtatious and empty. There is immediately a huge difference between the Larin sisters. Youngest daughter took after her mother, a flighty socialite who was forcibly imprisoned in the village.
4. However, it was the flirtatious Olga that the poet Vladimir Lensky fell in love with. Probably because it’s easy to fill the emptiness with your own content in dreams. The hero still burned with a hidden fire, felt subtly and analyzed little. He has high moral concepts, so he is alien to the light and is not poisoned by it. If Onegin talked and danced with Olga only out of boredom, then Lensky saw this as a betrayal, ex-friend became an insidious tempter of a sinless girl. In Vladimir’s maximalist perception, this is immediately a break in relations and a duel. The poet lost in it. The author poses the question, what could await the character if the outcome is favorable? The conclusion is disappointing: Lensky would have married Olga, become an ordinary landowner and become vulgar in routine vegetation. You may also need .

Themes

• The main theme of the novel “Eugene Onegin” is extensive - this is Russian life. The book shows life and upbringing in the world, in the capital, village life, customs and activities, typical and at the same time unique portraits of characters are drawn. Almost two centuries later, the heroes contain features inherent in modern people; these images are deeply national.
• The theme of friendship is also reflected in Eugene Onegin. The main character and Vladimir Lensky were in close friendship. But can it be considered real? They got together by chance, out of boredom. Evgeniy sincerely became attached to Vladimir, who warmed the hero’s cold heart with his spiritual fire. However, just as quickly he is ready to insult a friend by flirting with his beloved, who is happy about it. Evgeny thinks only about himself, the feelings of other people are absolutely unimportant to him, so he could not save his comrade.
• Love too important topic works. Almost all writers talk about it. Pushkin was no exception. In the image of Tatiana it is expressed true love. It can develop against all odds and remain for life. Nobody loved and will love Onegin as much as main character. If you miss this, you remain unhappy for the rest of your life. Unlike the sacrificial, all-forgiving feelings of the girl, Onegin’s emotions are self-love. He was afraid of a timid girl who had fallen in love for the first time, for whose sake he would have to give up the disgusting but familiar light. But Evgeny was captivated by the cold, secular beauty, with whom visiting was already an honor, let alone loving her.
• Subject extra person. The trend of realism appears in Pushkin’s works. It was the environment that raised Onegin to be so disappointed. It was precisely this that preferred to see superficiality in the nobles, the focus of all their efforts on creating secular splendor. And nothing else is needed. On the contrary, education in folk traditions, society ordinary people made the soul healthy and the nature whole, like Tatyana’s.
• Theme of devotion. Faithful to your first and most strong love Tatyana, and Olga is frivolous, changeable and ordinary. Larina's sisters are completely opposite. Olga reflects a typical secular girl, for whom the main thing is herself, her attitude towards her, and therefore she can change if there is a better option. As soon as Onegin said a couple of pleasant words, she forgot about Lensky, whose affection was much stronger. Tatyana’s heart is faithful to Evgeniy all her life. Even when he trampled on her feelings, she waited a long time and could not find another (again, unlike Olga, who was quickly consoled after Lensky's death). The heroine had to get married, but in her soul she continued to be faithful to Onegin, although love had ceased to be possible.

Problems

The problematics in the novel “Eugene Onegin” are very indicative. It reveals not only psychological and social, but also political shortcomings and even entire tragedies of the system. For example, the outdated, but no less creepy, drama of Tatyana’s mother is shocking. The woman was forced into marriage, and she broke under the pressure of circumstances, becoming an evil and despotic mistress of a hated estate. Here's what actual problems raised

• The main problem that is raised throughout realism in general, and by Pushkin in Eugene Onegin in particular, is the destructive influence secular society per person per capita. A hypocritical and greedy environment poisons the personality. It imposes external requirements of decency: a young man must know a little French, read a little fashionable literature, be decently and expensively dressed, that is, make an impression, seem, and not be. And all the feelings here are also false, they only seem. That is why secular society takes away the best from people, it cools the brightest flame with its cold deception.
• Handra Evgenia – another one problematic issue. Why does the main character become depressed? Not just because he was spoiled by society. main reason– he does not find the answer to the question: why all this? Why does he live? To go to theaters, balls and receptions? The absence of a vector, direction of movement, awareness of the meaninglessness of existence - these are the feelings that overcome Onegin. Here we are faced with the eternal problem of the meaning of life, which is so difficult to find.
• The problem of selfishness is reflected in the image of the main character. Realizing that no one would love him in a cold and indifferent world, Eugene began to love himself more than anyone else in the world. Therefore, he doesn’t care about Lensky (he only relieves boredom), about Tatyana (she can take away his freedom), he thinks only about himself, but for this he is punished: he remains completely alone and is rejected by Tatyana.

Idea

The main idea of ​​the novel “Eugene Onegin” is to criticize the existing order of life, which dooms more or less extraordinary natures to loneliness and death. After all, there is so much potential in Evgenia, but there is no business, only social intrigue. There is so much spiritual fire in Vladimir, and besides death, only vulgarization in a feudal, suffocating environment can await him. There is so much spiritual beauty and intelligence in Tatyana, and she can only be the hostess of social evenings, dress up and carry on empty conversations.

People who do not think, do not reflect, do not suffer - these are the ones for whom it is suitable existing reality. This is a consumer society that lives at the expense of others, which shines while those “others” vegetate in poverty and filth. The thoughts that Pushkin thought about deserve attention to this day and remain important and pressing.

Another meaning of “Eugene Onegin”, which Pushkin laid down in his work, is to show how important it is to preserve individuality and virtue when temptations and fashions are rampant around, subjugating more than one generation of people. While Evgeny was chasing new trends and playing the cold and disappointed hero Byron, Tatyana listened to the voice of her heart and remained true to herself. Therefore, she finds happiness in love, albeit unrequited, and he finds only boredom in everything and everyone.

Features of the novel

The novel “Eugene Onegin” is a fundamentally new phenomenon in the literature of the early 19th century. He has a special composition - it is a “novel in verse”, a lyric-epic work of large volume. IN lyrical digressions the image of the author, his thoughts, feelings and ideas that he wants to convey to readers emerges.

Pushkin amazes with the ease and melodiousness of his language. His literary style devoid of heaviness and didacticism, the author knows how to talk about complex and important things simply and clearly. Of course, a lot needs to be read between the lines, since harsh censorship was merciless even towards geniuses, but the poet is also not a natural person, so he was able to tell in the elegance of verse about the socio-political problems of his state, which were successfully hushed up in the press. It is important to understand that before Alexander Sergeevich, Russian poetry was different; he made a kind of “revolution of the game.”

The peculiarity also lies in the image system. Evgeny Onegin is the first in the gallery of “superfluous people”, who contain enormous potential that cannot be realized. Tatyana Larina “raised” female images from the place of “the main character needs to love someone” to an independent and complete portrait of a Russian woman. Tatyana is one of the first heroines who looks stronger and more significant than the main character, and does not hide in his shadow. This is how the direction of the novel “Eugene Onegin” is revealed - realism, which will more than once open the theme of the superfluous person and touch upon the difficult woman's destiny. By the way, we also described this feature in the essay “”.

Realism in the novel "Eugene Onegin"

"Eugene Onegin" marks Pushkin's transition to realism. In this novel, the author first raises the topic of man and society. A personality is not perceived separately, it is part of a society that educates, leaves a certain imprint or completely shapes people.

The main characters are typical, but at the same time unique. Eugene is an authentic secular nobleman: disappointed, superficially educated, but at the same time not like those around him - noble, intelligent, observant. Tatyana is an ordinary provincial young lady: she was brought up on French novels, filled with the sweet dreams of these works, but at the same time she is “Russian in soul,” wise, virtuous, loving, harmonious in nature.

It is precisely in the fact that readers for two centuries see themselves and their acquaintances in the heroes, and it is precisely in the inescapable relevance of the novel that its realistic orientation is expressed.

Criticism

The novel “Eugene Onegin” evoked a great response from readers and critics. According to E.A. Baratynsky: “Everyone interprets them in their own way: some praise them, others scold them, and everyone reads them.” Contemporaries criticized Pushkin for the “labyrinth of digressions”, for the insufficiently defined character of the main character, and careless language. The reviewer Thaddeus Bulgarin, who supported the government and conservative literature, especially distinguished himself.

However, V.G. understood the novel best. Belinsky, who called it “an encyclopedia of Russian life,” a historical work, despite the lack historical characters. Indeed, a modern amateur belles lettres can study “Eugene Onegin” from this point of view in order to learn more about the noble society of the early 19th century.

And a century later, the comprehension of the novel in verse continued. Yu.M. Lotman saw complexity and paradox in the work. This is not just a collection of quotes familiar from childhood, it is “ organic world" All this proves the relevance of the work and its significance for Russian national culture.

What does it teach?

Pushkin showed the life of young people and how their fate could turn out. Of course, fate depends not only on the environment, but also on the heroes themselves, but the influence of society is undeniable. The poet showed the main enemy that affects young nobles: idleness, aimlessness of existence. Alexander Sergeevich’s conclusion is simple: the creator calls not to limit oneself to secular conventions, stupid rules, but to live life to the fullest, guided by moral and spiritual components.

These ideas remain relevant today, before modern people often a choice arises: to live in harmony with oneself or to break oneself for the sake of some benefits or public recognition. By choosing the second path, chasing illusory dreams, you can lose yourself and discover with horror that your life is over and nothing has been done. This is what you need to fear most.

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In Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit", there are many characters. Most of them are used by the author as a background or confirmation of certain principles of secular society.

The main characters of the comedy

Despite the large number of heroes, the main action in the comedy is centered around four characters - Chatsky, Famusov, Sophia, Molchalin.
Alexander Andreevich Chatsky

Alexander Chatsky

This is a young nobleman who was left an orphan in early age. A family friend, Famusov, was involved in his upbringing. Having matured, Chatsky begins independent life.

He spent three years abroad and after returning from the trip he visits his teacher Famusov and his daughter Sonya, for whom he has affection for tender feelings and with whom he hopes to marry.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the “image of Chatsky in the comedy “Woe from Wit,” written by Alexander Griboedov.

However, the picture he saw extremely discouraged him - Famusov was far from childhood memories about educators.

Thanks to a trip abroad, Chatsky was able to learn about the excellent relationships between people and their goals in life, so the corrupt aristocracy, mired in clichés and empty, meaningless actions, disgusts Chatsky. Chatsky’s attempts to explain his position and convince others of the opposite do not lead to success - at the end of the work he leaves Moscow, because he sees no other way out.

Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov
Famusov is the teacher of Alexander Chatsky. At the time of the story, he is the manager of a government agency. His wife died long ago, leaving him a daughter, Sophia. The image of Famusov is very contradictory; on the one hand, he is a man who is not deprived positive qualities character - for example, he takes Alexander in after the death of his parents and treats him as his son. On the other hand, he is a dishonest and hypocritical person. The main measure of a person’s success and integrity for him is financial security and a high position. Famusov is a bribe-taker and a deceiver, which is why he has a conflict with his pupil.

Sofia Famusova
Sophia is the daughter of Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov. In the comedy she is depicted as an adult – a girl of marriageable age.

Despite the fact that she is not so mired in the aristocratic swamp, the girl is still partially negative character– her disregard for true feelings pushes her away from this character.

The girl loves when people please her, and she doesn’t care much about the fact that such behavior looks humiliating.

Alexey Stepanovich Molchalin
Molchalin is Famusov’s personal secretary, although officially he is an archive worker at government agency where Famusov works. Molchalin is a simple man by birth, so for the sake of the title and the right to belong to high society, he is ready to do anything. Molchalin pleases Famusov and his daughter in every possible way in order to make his dream come true. In fact, it is hypocritical, stupid and dishonest man.

Minor characters

This category includes characters who have a significant influence on the formation of the plot of the comedy, but at the same time they are not active characters. In addition, this also includes heroes who have overly generalized and vague character traits, such as Lisa.

Repetilov
Repetilov is an old friend of Famusov. During his youth, he led a dissolute and stormy life, giving in to balls and social pastimes. Due to absent-mindedness and lack of concentration, he was unable to provide himself career.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the “characteristics of Famus society in the comedy “Woe from Wit,” written by Alexander Griboyedov.

Sergey Sergeevich Skalozub

Skalozub is a rich officer. By nature he is a prominent person, but stupid and uninteresting. Skalozub is too fixated on military service and his career and sees no point in anything else.

Lisa
Lisa is a young girl, a servant in Famusov’s house. She has an attractive appearance, which turns out well in her case negative trait- Famusov and Molchalin pester her. In Liza’s case, life in Famusov’s house becomes even more complicated difficult relationships with Sophia - Famusov’s daughter from time to time draws Liza into her love affairs, due to which the latter may experience serious problems.

Tertiary characters

Largest quantity in a comedy of characters whose action occupies a fragmentary, episodic period of time. However, it cannot be said that their presence in the text is unjustified - in fact, they perform very important role. With their help, the main types of personalities of aristocratic society and the main negative qualities representatives of this layer.

Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky
Zagoretsky became famous in society as a rogue and deceiver - he has an extraordinary passion for playing cards, but always plays in a dishonest way. In addition, Anton Antonovich prefers to lead an active social life - he permanent person in theaters, at balls and dinner parties.

Anfisa Nilovna Khlestova
Anfisa Nilovna is a relative of Famusov. At the time of the story, she is already an old woman. Khlestova was once a maid of honor, but now, in her old age, no one needs her.

Because of such dissatisfaction with life, the old woman acquired a bad character and is an extremely unpleasant person.

Her house is full young girls, whom she took in to raise and dogs - such company allows her to seem important and necessary and entertains the old woman in times of despondency.

Platon Mikhailovich Gorich
Not all representatives of the aristocracy are people with leveled qualities. Examples of people who have retained their moral character are Platon Mikhailovich Gorich. He is a kind and sincere person, with a sound mind and the ability to think, but he has too soft a character, which made him a confident henpecked man.

Natalya Dmitrievna Gorich
Natalya Dmitrievna is Platon Mikhailovich’s wife. A woman is much younger than her husband, and in contrast to him, has a special love for social life, which terribly burdens the husband, but Gorich is unable to resist his wife’s desires.

Pyotr Ilyich Tugoukhovsky
The surname of Pyotr Ilyich fully corresponds to his essence, or rather to his physical defect. The prince is terribly hard of hearing, which makes his life much more difficult. Hearing problems became the reason that Pyotr Ilyich rarely appears in public, and his wife became the commander of her husband and their life in general.

Marya Alekseevna Tugoukhovskaya
Marya Alekseevna is Pyotr Ilyich’s wife. They had 6 daughters in their marriage. All of them unmarried girls, at the time of the story. The prince and princess are forced to constantly appear in public with their daughters in order to successfully marry off their daughters, but so far the hopes of these nobles have not been justified.

Countesses Khryumina
The grandmother and granddaughter are hiding under the name of the countesses Khryumin. The main emphasis in the comedy of the two of them is on the granddaughter, who remains an old maid, and therefore she is always angry and offended by the whole world.

The Grandmother Countess is a decrepit old woman who can no longer afford dinner parties and balls, but she still tries to attend them, apparently to find a husband for her granddaughter.3 (60%) 2 votes

IN Russian classics Griboyedov is known as the author of the first comedy, combining examples of classicism and realism, although he had other comedies created earlier. Previously created plays included the beginnings of a combination various styles to found a new, but the true result of the innovative genre, was Griboedov’s work “Woe from Wit.” The author came up with the idea for the play in 1820; the writer received significant assistance in describing the characters from the stories of his longtime friend, E. B. Grekhova. Griboedov’s comedy is considered the height of poetic dramaturgy; lines from the play instantly turned into quotes that are still used in our lives.

Characteristics of the heroes “Woe from Wit”

Main characters

Minor characters

In "Woe from Wit" the heroes, one of whom is Chatsky, show the conflict of generations. Also in this play there are off-stage characters, the list of which includes representatives of Moscow society. The main characters of "Woe from Wit", except for Chatsky, have no prototypes, in some minor characters the features of the author’s contemporaries from the literary society are expressed. This table, which gives characteristics of the heroes, can help in presenting summary plays.

Work test

Alexander Griboedov is an outstanding playwright of the first half of the nineteenth century, whose work discussed below was included in the classics of Russian literature. Griboedov served in the diplomatic service, but remained in history as the author of a brilliant masterpiece - the comedy "Woe from Wit", the characteristics of the heroes of which are studied within the framework school curriculum. All the events of the play take place in Moscow during one day, in the house of Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov.

The characterization of the heroes of “Woe from Wit” - a comedy in verse and in four acts - can be carried out according to a certain plan. A list of characters with explanations from the author is usually given at the beginning of the play.

According to what plan is the characterization of the heroes of “Woe from Wit” carried out? Firstly, it is necessary to talk about social status the hero, secondly, about his character traits, thirdly, about his system of views and values.

Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is a well-born nobleman and landowner holding a high bureaucratic post. The character is arrogant, domineering. With subordinates and servants he is rude and strict, but flattering and servilely submissive with those who are higher in rank and title. Famusov is a cordial and hospitable host; guests are often received in his house. A caring father, loves his daughter, wants to marry her off successfully. Pavel Afanasyevich does not accept any changes in society, he is an opponent of progress. He considers the customs and lifestyle of the old Moscow nobles to be an ideal.

What characterization of the heroes of “Woe from Wit” can be done without describing the main thing? female image? Famusov's daughter received a traditional noble upbringing: from infancy she was prepared to be a bride. Thanks to a lively mind, strong character and healthy instincts, she has a good understanding of people, judging by the precise and apt statements to the father's guests. Sofia is not only mocking, but also vindictive: she does not forgive Chatsky for his contemptuous attitude towards Molchalin, with whom she is in love. It is she who starts an unseemly rumor, which grows into a huge gossip about Alexander’s madness.

But she herself cannot avoid personal tragedy. The reason was that Sofia Famusova mistakes a pathetic flatterer and a silent saint for the hero in love. The young lady, who had read a lot of novels, imagined nobility, modesty and chivalry behind his silence.

My telling surname Molchalin completely justifies. He comes from Tver, is not a nobleman, but makes big plans, because he does not consider the rank of assessor and the service of a home secretary to be the peak of his career. Thanks to his hypocrisy and ability to serve, this friend of the “sofa dogs” “on tiptoes” hopes to rise high in the world. career ladder. Sofia's falling in love gives the pathetic "wordless" hope for a successful and profitable marriage, which did not take place. From now on he will be even meaner, but more careful.

What are the characteristics of the heroes of “Woe from Wit” without the main thing? actor? Without Alexander Andreevich Chatsky? He is a young, wealthy nobleman. The fact that Chatsky hurried to Sofia, returning after a three-year absence, suggests that he considered the Famusovs close people: he grew up in their house after the death of his father. Sofia initially gives him flattering characteristics, noting his sharp mind and eloquence. But the merciless criticism he undertook of the morals and way of life of the Moscow nobility was unpleasant to her.

Apparently, Alexander had the opportunity to compare and rethink a lot, which is why he speaks so negatively about the existence of slavery and the lack of freedom in the country. Chatsky is the bearer of a new worldview, inherent in few others in his contemporary Russia.

Sofia was not happy with the passionate feeling that Chatsky had for her. She herself said that she “reluctantly” drove him crazy. It seems that this thought became the impetus for her stupid prank, which threw the ardent Chatsky into the abyss of “a million torments” and made him become disappointed and leave Moscow.

The comedy was written in 1823, but every generation of readers, schoolchildren and critics who describe the characters, “Woe from Wit” is viewed through the prism of contemporary realities. And it seems that the characters created by Griboyedov will never lose their relevance.