What can lead a person to cheat? The problem of honor and dishonor Can an honest person commit a dishonorable act.

An example of an essay in the direction of “Loyalty and betrayal.”

Relationships between people are one of the most extensive topics raised in Russian literature. A person’s whole life is a continuous series of various meetings and partings, awakening and fading feelings, quarrels and reconciliations, happiness, indifference and pain. Few people can say with complete confidence why one specific person is able to become a beacon in someone’s destiny. However, even more internal confrontations, doubts and worries arise from the question: “What can lead a person to betrayal?”

The bottom line is that betrayal is a violation of fidelity. Each of us, in theory, is capable of betraying ourselves, our Motherland, or betraying another person, and in most cases this capacious definition contains a huge variety of emotional experiences, doubts and pain and is placed on a par with such concepts as “sin” and “betrayal.”

In the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov’s “Hero of Our Time,” the author examines one example of adultery, and, without drawing specific conclusions, invites the reader to speculate on this phenomenon. Why did Vera cheat on her husband? And can this be called treason? Of course, it is possible, but the most important betrayal of this heroine is betrayal of herself and her own feelings. The girl felt a strong love for Pechorin, which, it seemed, nothing could cope with, not even marriage. Vera, being married to an unloved man, periodically tormented herself with thoughts about someone else. And despite respect for her husband, the heroine was not always able to control herself and her emotions. Therefore, when Pechorin appeared on the horizon, Vera, knowing full well how their meeting could end, still takes this difficult step. This secret meeting soon led to the expected consequences: Vera confessed to her husband that she loved someone else, and her husband, full of anger and resentment, took the girl away from the city in an unknown direction, leaving behind a trail of damaged reputation and a soul doomed to suffering.

In N. Leskov’s essay “Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk” adultery is described with a less dramatic connotation. The author appears in the role of an outside observer and introduces us to a story that is spare in emotions, but very deep. Unlike the heroine of the novel M.Yu. Lermontov, Katerina is not tormented by that same uplifting love. This girl, being narrow-minded and surprisingly unspiritual, is bored in her marriage and, out of this very boredom, commits a series of rash actions. The heroine’s husband treated her with obvious indifference, but this is not the reason for Katerina’s fall from grace. The girl met a man who awakened blind passion in her, and without a shadow of a doubt, with amazing ease, without thinking at all about the consequences, she committed adultery. What caused this action? Stupidity, lack of spirituality, irresponsibility and moral emptiness of Katerina, lack of love for her husband and, of course, partly, the indifference of the husband himself. For not a single hero of this essay, such concepts as “loyalty” and “family values” played any role, which was the reason for the tragic ending.

In fact, anything can lead a person to betrayal if the basis of the same relationship between people is not love and mutual respect. In my opinion, people only cheat when they don't realize the true value of what they are about to destroy.

Honor and dishonor.

Each of us has encountered people of honor. People who can selflessly help a person. Such people can come to the aid of even a stranger without demanding anything in return. But there is also a dark side of honor, one that gains strength day by day. Dishonor is a negative quality of a person, which is expressed in meanness, deceit, deceit and betrayal. Dishonest people value only their ego; they help others for their own benefit. Can such people be trusted? Can you rely on them in difficult times? Of course not.

Today we understand that dishonor is growing, gaining momentum, while destroying the moral values ​​of a person. Nowadays it is difficult to find a person who will help, understand and console.

“Take care of your honor from a young age,” this is exactly the epigraph of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter.” The concept of honor became central to the work. Honor is decency, the moral purity of heroes, such as Pyotr Grinev, his parents, the entire family of Captain Mironov; This is military honor, loyalty to the oath, this, by and large, is love for the Motherland. The story contrasts Pyotr Grinev and Alexey Shvabrin. Both are young, of the noble class, officers, but how different they are in character and moral principles. Grinev is a man of honor, whether it concerns his relationship with Masha Mironova, or his loyalty to the oath, perseverance to the end during the Pugachev rebellion. Without honor and conscience Alexey Shvabrin. He is rude to Masha, it costs him nothing to go over to the rebels, violating the officer’s honor. Captain Mironov, commandant of the Belogorsk fortress, evokes deep sympathy. He did not lose his dignity, remained faithful to his oath, and did not bend his knee to Pugachev. In the Grinev family, the concept of honor was the basis of the character of Father Petrusha. Despite the fact that Peter, like all children, loved to play pranks, the main thing was brought up in him - human dignity, decency, and this is honor. The hero shows it by returning the gambling debt and not being humiliated by betrayal, as Shvabrin did.

Let us turn to the work “Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, the young guardsman and the daring merchant Kalashnikov” by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. The writer touches on one of the most important problems facing man - the problem of honor. How to protect the honor of yourself and your loved ones, no matter what, how to remain human in any situation?

The action takes place in the distant sixteenth century, during the reign of Ivan the Terrible, when the guardsmen could commit outrages, knowing that they would not be punished by the tsar. Kiribeevich is shown as such a guardsman, who, without thinking about the fate of the woman, Alena Dmitrievna, puts her in a terrible position. The neighbors see him trying to caress her, a married woman, which in those years was considered the greatest sin. Shame on an innocent woman. Her husband, the merchant Kalashnikov, is outraged and challenges the guardsman to open battle. Defending the honor of his wife and family, he went to the duel, realizing that he would not have mercy from the king in any case. And here a duel is played out between truth, honor and dishonor. Because of a man devoid of morality, the noble Kalashnikov dies, his children are left without a father, and a young innocent girl is left a widow. So Kiribeevich ruined the life not only of himself, but also of the woman he loved. And all because of this, that a person who does not have spiritual values ​​will never be able to comprehend true love, which leads to good deeds, in which honor remains pure and innocent. This work teaches a lot: that you always need to defend the honor of your family and loved ones, and not to offend anyone.

In conclusion, I would like to call people to conscience. To what has always been the concept of honor. Honor is one of the highest moral qualities of a person. It is formed from childhood. After all, the foundations of human dignity are a long and thorny path from selfishness to the establishment of moral principles. From person to person, from generation to generation, the basics of honor, etiquette and human dignity have been passed on, and only the person himself chooses which moral ideals to choose as a guide in this life. So let us not be dishonest people, let us not become like those who have already been swallowed up by their own ego, selfishness and selfishness. After all, the manifestation of honor is a feat not only for oneself, but also for the whole world!

Dubrovny Egor

It is better to be poor with honor than rich with dishonor.

Honor... What is it? Honor is the moral qualities of a person, his principles worthy of respect and pride, this is a high spiritual force that can keep a person from meanness, betrayal, lies and cowardice. Without honor a person has no real life. It is better to be poor with honor than rich with dishonor.

Classics of world fiction have created many works that tell about heroes who have different attitudes to the concept of honor and dignity. Thus, in the prose poem “The Counterfeit Coin” by Charles Baudelaire, the meanness of man and the choice of dishonor are shown. The main character gives a poor man a counterfeit coin, not thinking that this unfortunate man might be arrested. An arrest was the least that could be done; he could have been flogged, beaten, or even simply killed. This poor fellow's life is already not so good, but it will become even worse. The man who gave this coin committed a dishonorable act; he chose wealth instead of honor, although one coin would not have made him poor. The author wants to convey to us the idea that it is unforgivable to be evil, and even worse - to do evil out of stupidity. This is the most dishonest thing! Even the kindest deed can conceal great meanness in its depths.

In Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls,” the main character Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov serves as a vivid example of dishonor. Throughout the poem he deceives people for his own benefit. Pavel Ivanovich wanted to get rich by buying up “dead souls.” These were documents for the ownership of peasants who died but were considered alive. Chichikov buys up “dead souls” in order to deceive the entire society. Pavel Ivanovich did not think about people, he blatantly lied to them and did everything for himself. Looking at these two examples, we see that more often people choose wealth. But I believe that it is better to be poor with honor than rich with dishonor.

“Honor is like a precious stone: the slightest spot takes away its shine and takes away all its value,” Edmond Pierre Beauchaine once said. Yes, this is indeed true. And everyone, sooner or later, will have to decide how to live - with honor or without it.

Cheboltasov Igor

Where do dishonest people come from?

Dishonor is a negative quality of a person, which is expressed in meanness, deceit, deceit and betrayal. It entails shame, destruction of oneself as an individual. Even in the most difficult moment, a person must continue to follow an honest path, without doubting for a second. From birth, parents raise their children to be honest, so where do dishonest people come from?

It seems that different answers can be given to this question, but I believe that dishonor is, first of all, a lack of respect for oneself and others. Therefore, it is very important that we understand that the main values ​​in life are honor and conscience. But, unfortunately, not everyone understands this and chooses the wrong path. By committing any deception, we are approaching dishonor. And with each subsequent betrayal we become dishonest.

The theme of dishonor is touched upon in the story “The Captain's Daughter” by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. In this work, two heroes are contrasted: Pyotr Grinev and Alexey Shvabrin. You can judge a person by his actions in difficult times. For the heroes, the test was the capture of the Belogorsk fortress by Pugachev, where Shvabrin showed his dishonor. He saves his life by deception. We see him on the side of the rebels, while whispering something in Pugachev’s ear. Grinev is ready to share the fate of Captain Mironov and stand for his Motherland.

Let us turn to Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace”. The main character Anatol Kuragin is an irresponsible and hypocritical person. He does not think about the consequences of his actions, does not think about the future and does not pay attention to the opinions of others. Kuragin's dishonor is his desire to marry Marya Bolkonskaya because of her wealth. It shows how the hero, for his own good and his own benefit, is ready for any dishonorable act. The author wants to convey to us that a dishonest person is ready to commit a vile act for his own benefit.

Summarizing what has been said, we can conclude that dishonor means the loss of one’s moral character. Having acted dishonestly once, a person cannot stop, becoming a traitor and a liar. We often meet dishonest people in our time, but I would like there to be as many honest people as possible.

Evstropova Victoria

Preparing for

final essay

“A SATISFIED MAN” (prose poem) A young man is skipping along the streets of the capital. His movements are cheerful, brisk; the eyes are shining, the lips are grinning, the tender face is pleasantly red... He is all contentment and joy. What happened to him? Did he get an inheritance? Has he been promoted? Is he in a hurry for a love date? Or did he simply have a good breakfast - and a feeling of health, a feeling of well-fed strength surged through all his limbs? Wouldn’t they have placed your beautiful octagonal cross on his neck, O Polish King Stanislaw! No. He composed a slander against an acquaintance, spread it carefully, heard it, this same slander, from the lips of another acquaintance - and I believed her myself. Oh, how pleased, how kind even this sweet, promising young man is at this moment! February, 1878

Prose poem

"Satisfied man"

I. S. Turgenev

What moral qualities of a person were condemned in the work?

Moral meanness and dishonor

"Satisfied man"

Does harm to others

(composed slander)

"promising man"

HONOR -...HONOR

• Honor- this is that high spiritual power that keeps a person from meanness, betrayal, lies and cowardice. This is the core that strengthens the individual in choosing an action; this is a situation where conscience is the judge.
• Life often tests people, presenting them with a choice - to act honorably and take the blow or be cowardly and go against their conscience in order to gain benefit and avoid troubles, possibly death.
• A person always has a choice, and how he will act depends on his moral principles. The path of honor is difficult, but retreat from it, the loss of honor is even more painful.

Honor or dishonor?

Being a social, rational and conscious being, a person cannot help but think about how others treat him, what they think about him, what assessments are given to his actions and his entire life. At the same time, he cannot help but think about his place among other people. This spiritual connection between a person and society is expressed in the concepts of Honor and Dignity.

“Honor is my life,” wrote Shakespeare, “they have grown into one, and to lose honor is for me the same as losing life.”

Possible topic formulations:

• Take care of your honor from a young age...
• Can honor resist dishonor?
• Do you agree with P. Corneille’s statement “We have no right to live when honor has perished”?
• Are there people of honor these days?
• Is it easy to live without honor and conscience?
• Honor and honesty: how are these concepts related?
• What an honor if you have nothing to eat!

The strong are not the best, but the honest ones. Honor and self-esteem are the strongest. (F. M. Dostoevsky)

Honor cannot be taken away, it can be lost. (A.P. Chekhov)

Our honor lies in following the best and improving the worst... (Plato)

Honor is external conscience, and conscience is internal honor. (Arthur Schopenhauer)

Spring of honor, our idol!

And this is what the world revolves on!

(A.S. Pushkin)

The direction is based on polar concepts associated with a person’s choice: to be faithful to the voice of conscience, to follow moral principles, or to follow the path of betrayal, lies and hypocrisy.

Many writers focused their attention on depicting various manifestations of man: from loyalty to moral rules to various forms of compromise with conscience, up to deep moral failure

Introduction, based on FIPI comments to the direction

Honor... Dishonor... Life and society present each person with a moral choice: to live as his conscience dictates, to follow moral principles or to follow the path of dishonor, to achieve everything in life through betrayal, lies and hypocrisy. ….

I think that... Undoubtedly... It seems to me that... In my opinion, ….

Many writers focused their attention on depicting various manifestations of man: from loyalty to moral rules to various forms of compromise with conscience, up to deep moral failure. So, …

Your opinion on this topic

+ transition to arguments from literature

Code of Noble Honor on the pages of literary works

The history of the Russian duel of the 19th century is a history of human tragedies, high impulses and passions. The dueling tradition is associated with the concept of honor in the noble society of that time. There was even a code of noble honor. The willingness to pay with one's life for the inviolability of one's personal dignity presupposed an acute awareness of this dignity.

A.S. Pushkin, the “slave of honor,” defending the honor of his wife and his own honor, challenged Dantes to a duel, because “slandered by rumors” could not live and put an end to the dishonor at the cost of his own life. M.Yu. Lermontov also fell victim to dishonest and evil envious people.

In many works of literature, honor is a measure of the humanity and decency of the heroes.

Honor as the embodiment of the hero's spiritual strength Honor as the embodiment of the hero's spiritual strength

Family honor is a category of folk morality. The defender of popular ideas about honor and dignity is the merchant Kalashnikov in the famous “Song about the Merchant Kalashnikov...” M.Yu. Lermontov. Having based the plot on a real event, Lermontov fills it with deep moral meaning. Kalashnikov comes out to fight “for the holy mother truth,” for family values, for the honor of his wife. The image of the merchant Kalashnikov is close to the people's ideal. Just like the heroes of folk epics, Stepan fights for honor and justice, defends eternal values.

Honor as the embodiment of the hero's spiritual strength

« But your honor is my guarantee, and I boldly entrust myself to her", - lines from Tatyana Larina’s letter from the novel by A.S. Pushkin’s “Eugene Onegin,” which concludes a declaration of love, not only expresses the young girl’s hope for the decency and dignity of her chosen one. They also convey faith that the honor of the heroine herself will not be violated.

For Larina, the concept of honor and moral purity is the basis of her worldview. Guided by her idea of ​​duty, she remains faithful to her husband, rejecting Onegin’s love. It is possible to sacrifice love, but not to sacrifice honor.

Honor as the embodiment of the spiritual strength of the hero Antithesis honor-dishonor in 20th century literature

(V. Bykov “Sotnikov”).

Literature about the Great Patriotic War does not shy away from the problem of preserving honor. Become a coward, dishonor yourself with betrayal and continue to live with it - this is the choice Rybak makes. He agrees to serve as a policeman, knocks the support from under the feet of his former fellow soldier and becomes the executioner of the one with whom he fought shoulder to shoulder just yesterday. He remains to live and suddenly catches a look full of hatred. Hatred towards him, a coward and a traitor, a dishonest person. Now he is an enemy - both for people and for himself too... Fate deprives Rybak of the opportunity to commit suicide, he will live with his stigma of dishonor.

Literature to help

• D. Fonvizin “Undergrowth”
• A. Griboedov “Woe from Wit”
• A. Pushkin “The Captain's Daughter”
• A. Pushkin “Dubrovsky”
• M. Lermontov “Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich...”
• M. Lermontov “The Fugitive”
• N. Gogol “Taras Bulba”
• L. Tolstoy “War and Peace”
• F. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”
• A. Green “Green Lamp”.
• M. Sholokhov “The Fate of Man”
• V. Bykov “Obelisk”; "Sotnikov"
• B. Vasiliev “Not on the lists”
• Prosper Merimee "Matteo Falcone"

Argumentation

Prose poem

"Satisfied man"

• Formulating your position in the form of a thesis;
• Micro-output design,

using quote

I. S. Turgenev

So, in conclusion, I would like to say that………………. I think that ………………………………. At the end I would like to remember the lines …………………..

So, in conclusion, I want to say that each of us will go our own way in life, each has our own path, full of ups and downs. And yet, I think that the main thing for a person is to be honest both to himself and to others. In the end, I would like to recall the lines of A. S. Pushkin:

Spring of honor, our idol!

And this is what the world revolves on!

Perhaps honor is a heavy burden for everyone, and only a strong personality, brought up in honesty and morality, can bear it. Of course, everyone chooses for himself whether to follow the path of honor or live without it, omitting all unnecessary moral prejudices and pangs of conscience. However, it becomes sad at the moment when such a concept as “honor” is not initially included in a person’s upbringing, because in the future it becomes a tragedy for an entire society. After all, moral decay, the fall of moral principles leads to the collapse of both an individual and an entire nation.

Yuri Levitansky

Everyone chooses for themselves

Everyone chooses for themselves

woman, religion, road.

To serve the devil or the prophet -

everyone chooses for themselves.

Everyone chooses for themselves

a word for love and for prayer.

A sword for a duel, a sword for battle

everyone chooses for themselves.

Everyone chooses for themselves.

Shield and armor, staff and patches,

measure of final reckoning

everyone chooses for themselves.

Everyone chooses for themselves.

I also choose - as best I can.

I have no complaints against anyone.

Everyone chooses for themselves.

Homework Make and write down a complex plan for each of these topics:

• How are the concepts of “honor” and “fatherland” related?
• What does it mean to walk the path of honor?
• What pushes a person to commit dishonest acts?

Question: Is it true that the love of asking a lot of questions can lead a person to trouble?

Answer: The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked many questions. Some of these questions caused inconvenience to the Messenger of Allah, since they did not quite correspond to the rules of decency. Especially rich people liked to speak in whispers, expressing special desires. This also caused inconvenience to the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam), but out of politeness, he listened to these people.

In this regard, the verse was revealed: “O you who believe! If you talk with the Messenger in secret, then precede your secret conversation with alms."(al-Mujadilah 58/12), and it was established as a sunnah to pay sadaqah before meeting the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).

Also, people from all walks of life came to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and asked questions, wanting to know religion. And some of these people sometimes behaved inappropriately. However, the Messenger of Allah endured this in order to convey the truth to people.

When the verse was revealed: “People are obligated to Allah to perform the Hajj to the House (Kaaba) if they are able to complete this journey.”(Ali Imran 3/97), one person asked: “O Messenger of Allah! Should we perform Hajj every year?” However, the Messenger of Allah remained silent. But after this man repeated his question several times, he said: “Fardom is performing Hajj once in a lifetime.”. In connection with this event the following verse was revealed: “O you who believe! Don't ask about things that will upset you if they become known to you."

Then the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “If I had said “Yes” to you, then the annual Hajj would have become obligatory for you, and you would not have been able to complete it.”. And after that, pointing out the danger of unnecessary questions, he said: “Don’t touch me until I tell you something myself. Because those who came before you were destroyed because they asked too many questions and argued with their prophets. Therefore, avoid what I warn you against. And try to do what I command you.”

Some people, coming to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), asked him, for example, such inappropriate questions: “When a man and a woman enter into an intimate relationship, what determines the birth of a boy or a girl?” Asking such questions to the prophet is indecent and contrary to adab. It is precisely such questions that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) warned against.

Dishonor is, first of all, a lack of respect for oneself and for others, a disregard for one’s actions and deeds. From his very birth, a person receives honor and proudly carries it ahead of him through all obstacles, through the dirt and anger of the outside world, until he reaches the point of no return. But, if we are born initially honest with ourselves, then where do dishonest people come from?

We learn about what honor is in childhood: from our parents and from books, we hear on the radio, we see on TV - in other words, we receive the science of honor along with our upbringing and take an example from what we see around us. Therefore, it is very important that from the very beginning the child understands that the main value in his life is honor and conscience, because without them a person ceases to be a person, and along with the loss of his own dignity, a person begins to collapse morally and morally. But, unfortunately, not everyone understands this, and therefore dishonest children often grow up with dishonest parents, which is what D.I. portrayed in his comedy “The Minor.” Fonvizin. The author describes to us the Prostakov family, in which everyone is distinguished by some kind of moral illness: the father of the family grovels in front of his wife, who, in turn, periodically scatters abuse and abusive words at all family members and treats the serfs horribly, showing an example of greed and immorality . Skotinin, Prostakova’s brother, is extremely ignorant and stupid, among his hobbies is only breeding pigs, he has long been mentally and morally degraded and is ready to marry Sophia for the sake of inheritance alone, entering into competition with his own nephew. And in this whole atmosphere, Mitrofanushka, in love with his mother, grew up. Of course, this hero is depicted by the author as a deliberately rude and dishonest young man: he does not value either love or care, does not love or respect anyone from his family at all, does not know how to make his own choices, even regarding his future, also, like his mother, he treats everyone around him rudely and cynically, does not want to develop in any way and is absolutely nothing worthwhile. Mitrofan is immoral, he, like Skotinin, is ready to marry Sophia only for money, completely trampling his honor, and all this is already at an early stage of his formation as a person. And the reason for all this was poor upbringing in all respects.

Sometimes a person loses his honor due to his own weakness of character already in adulthood. Grushnitsky, hero of the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov's "Hero of Our Time", at first glance, is no different from Pechorin, however, following the chronology of the work, the reader begins to understand that this hero is not so self-confident, not so honest with himself. Pechorin is a man of honor, and Grushnitsky is his complete opposite, which is why he makes rather pathetic attempts to win the attention of Princess Mary, “drags” after her and, having received a refusal, rudely and enviously calls her a coquette, although quite recently, it would seem, he considered her an angel. Then, out of resentment, this hero spreads various rumors and gossip about the marriage of his former “friend” and former lover, and at the end of the work he decides to cheat in a duel, which is his greatest baseness, characterizing Grushnitsky only as a person without dignity. Grushnitsky is a typical representative of the “water society”, a poseur trying to pretend to be a “hero of a novel”. It seems to me that he lost his honor on the day when he decided not to live, but to play some role, deceiving himself and those around him. However, this permanent hypocrisy was his conscious choice; he simply, apparently, decided that living in eternal deception, without honor and dignity, was simpler and easier, which was his main mistake.

Honor is a heavy burden for everyone, and only a strong personality, brought up in honesty and morality, can bear it. Of course, everyone chooses for themselves whether to carry this burden with them all the time, or to throw it off immediately, omitting all unnecessary moral prejudices and pangs of conscience, but it becomes sad at the moment when such a concept as “honor” is not initially included in a person’s upbringing, because in the future it becomes a tragedy for the whole society.