Ushinsky summer summary. Ushinsky K

At the beginning of summer there are the longest days. For about twelve hours the sun does not leave the sky, and the evening dawn has not yet had time to fade in the west, when a whitish stripe already appears in the east - a sign of the approaching morning. And the closer you go to the north, the longer the days in summer and the shorter the nights.

The sun rises very high in the summer, not like in the winter; a little higher and it would be right above your head. The almost vertical rays heat it up greatly, and by midday they even burn mercilessly. It's approaching noon; the sun climbed high into the transparent blue vault of the sky. Only here and there, like light silver lines, are visible cirrus clouds - harbingers of constant good weather, or buckets, as the peasants say. The sun can no longer go higher and from this point it will begin to descend to the west. The point from which the sun begins to decline is called noon. Stand facing noon, and the side you are looking at will be south, to the left, where the sun rose, is east, to the right, where it slopes, is west, and behind you is north, where the sun never appears.

At noon, not only is it impossible to look at the sun itself without a strong, burning pain in the eyes, but it is difficult even to look at the brilliant sky and earth, at everything that is illuminated by the sun. And the sky, and the fields, and the air are filled with hot, bright light, and the eye involuntarily looks for greenery and coolness. It's too warm! Light steam flows over the resting fields (those on which nothing has been sown this year). This is warm air filled with vapors: flowing like water, it rises from the highly heated earth. That is why our smart peasants talk about such fields that they rest under fallow. There was no movement on the tree, and the leaves hung, as if tired of the heat. The birds hid in the wilderness; livestock stops grazing and seeks coolness; a person, drenched in sweat and feeling very exhausted, leaves work: everything is waiting for the fever to subside. But bread, hay, trees need these heats.

However, long drought is harmful for plants that love warmth, but also love moisture; It’s hard for people too. That is why people rejoice when storm clouds roll in, thunder strikes, lightning flashes and refreshing rain waters the thirsty earth. If only the rain did not come with hail, which sometimes happens in the hottest summer: hail is destructive to ripening grain and leaves other fields in luster. The peasants fervently pray to God that there will be no hail.

Everything that spring began, summer ends. The leaves grow to their full size, and the recently transparent grove becomes the impenetrable home of thousands of birds. In the water meadows, the thick, tall grass sways like the sea. A whole world of insects moves and buzzes in it. The trees in the gardens have faded. Bright red cherries and dark crimson plums are already flickering among the greenery; The apples and pears are still green and hidden between the leaves, but in the silence they ripen and become full. One linden tree is still in bloom and fragrant. In its dense foliage, between its slightly white but fragrant flowers, a harmonious, invisible choir is heard. This works with the songs of thousands of cheerful bees on the honeyed, fragrant linden flowers. Come closer to the singing tree: it even smells like honey!

Early flowers have already faded and are preparing seeds, others are still in full bloom. The rye has risen, spiked and is already beginning to turn yellow, agitated like the sea under the pressure of a light wind. Buckwheat is in bloom, and the fields sown with it seem to be covered with a white veil with a pinkish tint; they carry the same pleasant honey smell that lures bees to the blooming linden tree.

And how many berries and mushrooms! Like red coral, juicy strawberries glow in the grass; transparent currant catkins hung on the bushes... But is it possible to list everything that appears in the summer? One thing matures after another, one catches up with the other.

And birds, beasts, and insects have plenty of freedom in the summer! Now the young birds are squeaking in their nests. But while their wings are still growing, caring parents scurry in the air with a cheerful cry, looking for food for their chicks. The little ones have long been sticking their thin, still poorly feathered necks out of the nest and, with their noses open, waiting for handouts. And there is enough food for the birds: one picks up the grain dropped by the ear, the other itself ruffles a ripening branch of hemp or seeds a juicy cherry; the third is chasing the midges, and they are milling around in heaps in the air. A keen-sighted hawk, having spread its long wings wide, flies high in the air, vigilantly looking out for a chicken or some other young, inexperienced bird that has strayed from its mother - it sees and, like an arrow, it launches at the poor thing: it cannot escape the greedy claws of a predator, carnivorous bird. Old geese, proudly stretching out their long necks, cackle loudly and lead their little babies to the water, fluffy like spring lambs on willows and yellow like egg yolks.

The hairy, colorful caterpillar sways on its many legs and gnaws on leaves and fruits. There are already a lot of colorful butterflies fluttering around. The golden bee works tirelessly on linden, on buckwheat, on fragrant, sweet clover, on many different flowers, getting everywhere what she needs to make her cunning, fragrant honeycombs. There is an incessant hum in the apiaries (bee colonies). Soon the bees will become crowded in the hives, and they will begin to swarm: to divide into new hardworking kingdoms, of which one will remain at home, and the other will fly to look for new housing somewhere in a hollow tree. But the beekeeper will intercept the swarm on the road and plant it in a brand new hive that had long been prepared for it. Ant has already set up many new underground galleries; The thrifty mistress of the squirrel is already beginning to carry ripening nuts into her hollow. Freedom for everyone, freedom for everyone!

Lots and lots of summer work for the peasant! So he plowed the winter fields [Winter fields are fields sown in the fall; the grains overwinter under the snow.] and prepared a soft cradle for the grain grain for autumn. Before he had even finished plowing, it was time to mow. Mowers, in white shirts, with shiny and ringing scythes in their hands, go out into the meadows and together mow down the tall, already fertilized grass to the roots. Sharp braids shine in the sun and ring under the blows of a shovel full of sand. The women also work together with rakes and dump the already dried hay into stacks. The pleasant ringing of braids and friendly, sonorous songs rush everywhere from the meadows. Tall round haystacks are already being built. The boys roll in the hay and, pushing each other, burst into ringing laughter; and a shaggy little horse, all covered with hay, can barely drag a heavy hay on a rope.

Before the hayfield had time to leave, the harvest began. Rye, the nurse of the Russian man, is ripe. The ear, heavy with many grains and yellowed, bent strongly towards the ground; If you still leave it on the field, the grain will begin to crumble, and God’s gift will be wasted without benefit. They throw scythes and take up sickles. It’s fun to watch how, scattered across the field and bending down to the very ground, orderly rows of reapers cut down tall rye at the roots and place it in beautiful, heavy sheaves. Two weeks of such work will pass, and in the field, where tall rye had recently been agitated, cut straw will stick out everywhere. But on the compressed strip there will be tall, golden piles of bread in rows.

Before they had time to harvest the rye, it was time to start working on the golden wheat, barley, and oats; and there, you look, the buckwheat is already blushing and asking for a braid. It's time to pull the flax: it's completely falling off. Now the hemp is ready; flocks of sparrows fuss over it, taking out the oily grain. It's time to dig and the potatoes and apples have long been lying in the tall grass. Everything is ripe, everything is ripening, everything must be removed on time; even a long one summer day lacks!

Late in the evening people return from work. They are tired; but their cheerful, sonorous songs resound loudly in the evening dawn. In the morning, together with the sun, the peasants will again get to work; and the sun rises much earlier in the summer!

Why is the peasant so cheerful in the summer, when he has so much work? And the work is not easy. It takes a lot of habit to swing a heavy scythe all day long, cutting off a good armful of grass each time, and with habit you still need a lot of diligence and patience. It’s not easy to press under the scorching rays of the sun, bending down to the very ground, sweating, suffocating from the heat and fatigue. Look at the poor peasant woman, how she wipes large drops of sweat from her flushed face with her dirty but honest hand. She doesn’t even have time to feed her child, although he is right there in the field floundering in his cradle, hanging on three stakes stuck in the ground. The screamer's little sister is still a child herself and has recently begun to walk, but she is not idle either: in a dirty, torn shirt, she squats by the cradle and tries to rock her rambunctious little brother.

But why is the peasant happy in the summer, when he has so much work and his work is so difficult? Oh, there are many reasons for this! Firstly, the peasant is not afraid of work: he grew up in labor. Secondly, he knows that summer job feeds him whole year and that one must use a bucket when God gives it; Otherwise, you may be left without bread. Thirdly, the peasant feels that his labors feed not just his family, but the whole world: me, and you, and all the dressed-up gentlemen, although some of them look at the peasant with contempt. He, digging in the ground, feeds everyone with his quiet, not brilliant work, like the roots of a tree feed the proud peaks, dressed with green leaves.

Peasant work requires a lot of diligence and patience, but a lot of knowledge and experience are also required. Try to press, and you will see that it takes a lot of skill. If someone picks up a scythe without the habit, he won’t get much use out of it. Sweeping a good haystack is also not an easy task; you have to plow skillfully, but in order to sow well - evenly, not thicker and not less often than it should be - not even every peasant will undertake this. In addition, you need to know when and what to do, how to handle the plow and harrow [Plow and harrow are ancient agricultural tools. A plow is for plowing, a harrow is for breaking up clods after plowing.], how to make hemp, for example, from hemp, from hemp threads, and from threads to weave canvas... Oh, the peasant knows a lot, a lot and can do it, and it can’t be done call him an ignoramus, even if he couldn’t read! Learning to read and learning many sciences is much easier than learning everything that a good and experienced peasant should know.

The peasant falls asleep sweetly after hard work, feeling that he has fulfilled his sacred duty. And it is not difficult for him to die: the field he cultivated and the field he still sown remains to his children, whom he gave water to, fed, accustomed to work, and put them in front of people as workers in his place.

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You listened to the audio recording and checked your assumptions. G. Now answer these questions:- What do you think of these sounds Which year does the time apply to?- How do you think what are we going to talk about today? 2. Make a “Cluster” on the theme “Summer” Descriptors: 1. Listens carefully to the sounds of nature2. Determines the topic of the text3. Creates a cluster on the theme “Summer” and presents the cluster. FO. Thumb 3. S. Ch. Text stage Our topic today is story K.D. Ushinsky "Summer". Look presentation “Autobiography of Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky”Read a fragment from the story by K. D. UshinskyEverything that spring began, summer ends. The leaves grow to their full size, and the recently transparent grove becomes the impenetrable home of thousands of birds. In the water meadows, the thick, tall grass sways like the sea. A whole world of insects moves and buzzes in it. The trees in the gardens have faded. Bright red cherries and dark crimson plums are already flickering among the greenery; The apples and pears are still green and hidden between the leaves, but in the silence they ripen and become full. One more linden V color and fragrance. In its dense foliage, between its slightly white but fragrant flowers, a harmonious, invisible choir is heard. This works with the songs of thousands of cheerful bees on the honeyed, fragrant linden flowers. Come closer to the singing tree: it even smells like honey!Understanding Test G. Strategy "Chamomile" Bloom ". Students They make a chamomile and write questions on their knowledge of the text on each of the six petals.Goal: using 6 questions to gain an understanding of the contentinformation contained in the text. Descriptors:

G. Strategy "What's missing" in this chain? " 1. Show a chain of words with one missing in a word and determine which word is missing Differentiation B Agree this adjective with the phrase m 1) Transparent grove, ... 2) Dense grass, ... 3) Bright red cherry,

4) Whitening flowers, ... 2. Using these adjectives, determine the style of the text and the type of speech (description of the artistic style) Descriptors: 1. Reading with marks 2. defines missing word in the chain 3. Define t style, description FO. “Two stars is a wish” 4. Fizminutka "The Friendliest Class"

5 . D. Post-text stage Make up a story using an analogy.Give the story a title. De scriptor: 1. Compose t story by analogy (hidden purpose) FO. Traffic light

Lesson

Topic: K.D. Ushinsky. Summer (excerpt).

Goals: Introduce students to the work of K.D. Ushinsky. Continue working on the genre - story. Draw children's attention to the beauty of nature, pay attention to seasonal changes in nature and in the life of birds. Teach children to be thoughtful figurative language author, experience aesthetic enjoyment from what you read. Develop bright figurative representations based on what is read, expand and enrich lexicon studying. Develop the skill of conscious fluency expressive reading.

Equipment: illustration, music recording, portrait of the author, book exhibition, illustrations on the theme “Summer”, tasks for groups (puzzles, proverbs, game “4th odd”, a series of words, “summer”), tongue twister.

During the classes.

I.Org.moment. Mental mood.

II.Speech warm-up.

Patter: The sprouts have sprouted, grown,

The sprouts showed off their growth.
III.Checking homework.
IV.Updating background knowledge. Targeting.

Work in groups:

Group 1: guess the puzzles (summer),

Summer, winter, spring, year.

March, April, May, June.

Summer, June, July, August.

… gathers, and winter eats.

V. Work on the topic.

1.Acquaintance with the work.

Konstantin DmitrievichUshinsky (1824 – 1871) Born on March 2 in Tula. After graduating from the Faculty of Law at Moscow University, he served as a teacher of Russian literature, an inspector at the Smolny Institute, and a magazine editor.

K. D. Ushinsky released two educational books « Child's world"(1861) for children 10-12 years old and " Native word"(1864) for children 8-10 years old, including the alphabet. The textbooks were intended for initial reading in class and contained educational articles from various fields human knowledge and works of art. In the content of textbooks you can see not only articles, stories, fairy tales, fables by K. D. Ushinsky, but also his texts famous contemporaries: I. A. Krylov, V. A. Zhukovsky, A. S. Pushkin, M. Yu. Lermontov, N. A. Nekrasov and others.

Modern textbooks and reading books often include texts by K. D. Ushinsky: “Four Wishes”, “Vaska”, “Cockerel with his Family”, “Cow”, “Horses”; fairy tales “The Wind and the Sun”, “Alien Egg”, “Fox Patrikeevna” and many others.

Time has shown that the works of K. D. Ushinsky are still loved by young readers.

2). Reading a story by the teacher.

3). Perception Questions:

What did you like about the work?

What is this work about?

Why is this work called so?

What impression did the title of the work make on you?

What genre does this work belong to? Why?

2. Work on the work.

1) Study reading (for a while).

2) Read (silently) until the end of the story.

A musical moment. Relaxation.

- What did you hear in the music?

What pictures did you imagine?

Which illustration goes with this story? Why? Justify.

3) Reading out loud.

4) Questions. Selective reading.

How does the sun shine in summer?

What sign - the messenger of rain - is the author talking about?

Questions about the textbook p.126.

What happens in the heat to nature - to fields, trees, birds - and to humans?

What is everyone – both nature and people – waiting for?

Why is everyone so happy about the storm clouds that have rolled in?

What fields do peasants talk about that lie fallow?

What do people and birds experience at noon?

Why do people rejoice in the rain?

How does summer finish what spring began? Find passages about this in the text.

What do birds, animals, insects do in the summer?

What is happening in the forest at this time?

5) Questions. Working in rows: questions on the board

Row 2 - What and how does nature change in spring?

Row 3 - What smells and sounds are heard and what colors are seen in the summer? How does the author talk about this?

6) Work on speech development.

a)-Choose words from the text to the following:

Direct rays - sheer

Doesn't move - won't budge

They ask very much - they pray earnestly

Hiding between the leaves - are lurking

Pleasantly smelling linden flowers - fragrant

They fly quickly in the air - scurrying around

Underground corridors – galleries

b)- Find comparisons in the text.

VI.Summary on the topic of the lesson.

Work in groups.

1. I give the name of the topic “Summer” - keyword.

2.Completing tasks in groups.

Group 1 – description of the topic. Choose two adjectives (cheerful, sonorous, ...)

Group 2 – description of the action. Choose three verbs (makes you happy, makes you happy...)

Group 3 – attitude to the topic. Choose a phrase that reflects main idea this word. (Summer -…).

Frontal work.

Finding out the essence of the topic. Choose one word that expresses emotional attitude author.

VII. Summing up. Reflection.

What did you like about the lesson? What do you remember most?

Thank each other for the lesson.
VIII.Homework: p.123-126 read, group 1 – memorize paragraph 2, group 2 – detailed retelling pp. 123-124, group 3 – detailed retelling of “Summer in gardens, fields, meadows” (p. 125 – paragraphs 1-2-3), group 4 – detailed retelling of “Birds in Summer”.

Group 1: guess the puzzles:

Group 2: exclude superfluous word, justify your choice -

Summer, winter, spring, year.

March, April, May, June.

Summer, June, July, August.

Group 3: insert the missing words into the proverbs -

Anyone who sits in the cold will cry in winter.

… gathers, and winter eats.

Group 1: guess the puzzles:

Group 2: eliminate the extra word, justify your choice -

Summer, winter, spring, year.

March, April, May, June.

Summer, June, July, August.

Group 3: insert the missing words into the proverbs -

Anyone who sits in the cold will cry in winter.

… gathers, and winter eats.

Group 1: guess the puzzles:

Group 2: eliminate the extra word, justify your choice -

Summer, winter, spring, year.

March, April, May, June.

Summer, June, July, August.

Group 3: insert the missing words into the proverbs -

Anyone who sits in the cold will cry in winter.

… gathers, and winter eats.

Group 1: guess the puzzles:

Group 2: eliminate the extra word, justify your choice -

Summer, winter, spring, year.

March, April, May, June.

Summer, June, July, August.

Group 3: insert the missing words into the proverbs -

Anyone who sits in the cold will cry in winter.

… gathers, and winter eats.

The stories of Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky are very sincere. He wrote about what he saw around him when he was still a barefoot boy - about animals, about nature, about village life. Stories about animals are full of warmth and kindness; they call for treating our smaller brothers with care and respect. “Bishka” alone is worth it: in three sentences, Ushinsky expressed the entire important essence of a dog. Animals in his stories reveal themselves like people, standing on a par with us, each with their own character, and what a character! Let's get to know these animals better and read the stories. To read offline you can download pdf file with Ushinsky's stories about animals at the bottom of the page. All stories with pictures!

K.D.Ushinsky

Stories about animals

Bishka (story)

Come on, Bishka, read what’s written in the book!

The dog sniffed the book and walked away.

The Lively Cow (short story)

We had a cow, but it was so characteristic and lively that it was a disaster! Maybe that’s why she had little milk.

Both her mother and sisters suffered with her. It happened that they would drive her into the herd, and she would either come home at noon or end up dead - go help her out!

Especially when she had a calf - I couldn’t help it! Once she even tore up the whole barn with her horns, she fought towards the calf, and her horns were long and straight. More than once, her father was going to saw off her horns, but somehow he kept putting it off, as if he had a presentiment of something.

And how evasive and quick she was! If he raises his tail, lowers his head, and waves, you won’t be able to catch him on a horse.

One day in the summer she came running from the shepherd, long before evening: she had a calf at home. The mother milked the cow, released the calf and said to her sister, a girl about twelve years old:

Drive them to the river, Fenya, let them graze on the bank, and be careful that they don’t get in the way. Night is still so far away that it is useless for them to stand.

Fenya took a twig and drove both the calf and the cow; she drove her to the bank, let her graze, and she sat down under a willow tree and began to weave a wreath from cornflowers that she had picked along the way in the rye; weaves and sings a song.

Fenya heard something rustling in the vines, and the river was overgrown with thick vines on both banks.

Fenya looks at something gray pushing through the thick vines, and show the stupid girl that this is our dog Serko. It is known that a wolf is very similar to a dog, only the neck is clumsy, the tail is sticky, the muzzle is downcast, and the eyes are shining; but Fenya had never seen a wolf up close.

Fenya has already begun to beckon the dog:

Serko, Serko! - as he looks - the calf, and behind him the cow, rush straight at her like mad. Fenya jumped up, pressed herself against the willow, and didn’t know what to do; the calf to her, and the cow pressed both of them with her backside to the tree, bowed her head, roared, dug the ground with her front hooves, and pointed her horns straight at the wolf.

Fenya got scared, grabbed the tree with both hands, wanted to scream, but had no voice. And the wolf rushed straight at the cow, and jumped back - the first time, apparently, it hit him with its horn. The wolf sees that you can’t take anything unceremoniously, and he began to rush from one side to the other, in order to somehow grab a cow from the side, or grab a carcass - but wherever he rushes, horns are everywhere to meet him.

Fenya still doesn’t know what’s going on, she wanted to run, but the cow wouldn’t let her in, and kept pressing her against the tree.

Here the girl began to scream, to call for help... Our Cossack was plowing here on a hillock, he heard that the cow was braying and the girl was screaming, he threw his plow and ran to the cry.

The Cossack saw what was happening, but did not dare to attack the wolf with his bare hands - he was so big and furious; The Cossack began to call his son that he was plowing right there in the field.

When the wolf saw that people were running, he calmed down, snapped once or twice more, howled and into the vines.

The Cossacks barely brought Fenya home - the girl was so scared.

Then the father was glad that he did not saw off the cow’s horns.

In the forest in summer (story)

There is no such expanse in the forest as there is in the field; but it’s good to wear it on a hot afternoon. And what can you see in the forest! Tall, reddish pines hung their needle-like tops, and green Christmas trees arch their thorny branches. A white, curly birch tree with fragrant leaves flaunts; the gray aspen trembles; and the stocky oak spread its carved leaves like a tent. The little white eye of a strawberry peeks out from the grass, and next to it a fragrant berry is already turning red.

The white catkins of the lily of the valley sway between the long, smooth leaves. Somewhere a strong-nosed woodpecker is chopping; the yellow oriole screams pitifully; A homeless cuckoo is counting down the years. The gray bunny darted into the bushes; high between the branches a tenacious squirrel flashed its fluffy tail.

Far away in the thicket, something is cracking and breaking: is a clumsy bear bending an arc?

Vaska (story)

Kitty-cat - gray pubis. Vasya is affectionate and cunning; The paws are velvety, the claw is sharp. Vasyutka has sensitive ears, a long mustache, and a silk fur coat.

The cat caresses, bends over, wags its tail, closes its eyes, sings a song, but a mouse is caught - don’t be angry! The eyes are big, the paws are like steel, the teeth are crooked, the claws are protruding!

Raven and Magpie (story)

A spotted magpie jumped along the branches of a tree and chatted incessantly, and the raven sat silently.

Why are you silent, kumanek, or don’t you believe what I’m telling you? - the magpie finally asked.

“I don’t believe it well, gossip,” answered the raven, “whoever talks as much as you do probably lies a lot!”

Viper (story)

Around our farm, in the ravines and wet places, there were many snakes.

I’m not talking about snakes: we are so used to the harmless snake that we don’t even call it a snake. He has small sharp teeth in his mouth, he catches mice and even birds and, perhaps, can bite through the skin; but there is no poison in these teeth, and the snake’s bite is completely harmless.

We had a lot of snakes; especially in the piles of straw that lay near the threshing floor: as soon as the sun warms them, they will crawl out of there; they hiss when you approach, they show their tongue or sting, but it’s not the sting that snakes bite. Even in the kitchen there were snakes under the floor, and when the children would sit on the floor and slurp milk, they would crawl out and pull their heads towards the cup, and the children would hit them on the forehead with a spoon.

But we also had more than just snakes: there was also a poisonous snake, black, large, without those yellow stripes that are visible near the snake’s head. We call such a snake a viper. The viper often bit the cattle, and if they did not have time to call old grandfather Okhrim from the village, who knew some medicine against the bite of poisonous snakes, then the cattle would certainly fall - it would swell, poor, like a mountain.

One of our boys died from a viper. She bit him near the shoulder, and before Okhrim arrived, the swelling had spread from his arm to his neck and chest: the child began to become delirious, toss about, and two days later he died. As a child, I heard a lot about vipers and was terribly afraid of them, as if I felt that I would have to meet a dangerous reptile.

They mowed it behind our garden, in a dry ravine, where in the spring a stream runs every year, but in the summer it is only damp and tall, thick grass grows. Every mowing was a holiday for me, especially when the hay was raked into stacks. Here, it happened, you would start running around the hayfield and throw yourself into the haystacks with all your might and flounder in the fragrant hay until the women chased you away so that you wouldn’t break the haystacks.

That’s how this time I ran and tumbled: there were no women, the mowers went far away, and only our black big dog Brovko was lying on a haystack and gnawing on a bone.

I somersaulted into one heap, turned around in it twice and suddenly jumped up in horror. Something cold and slippery brushed my hand. The thought of a viper flashed through my head - so what? The huge viper, which I had disturbed, crawled out of the hay and, rising on its tail, was ready to attack me.

Instead of running, I stand petrified, as if the reptile had fascinated me with its lidless, unblinking eyes. Another minute and I would have died; but Brovko, like an arrow, flew off the hay, rushed at the snake, and a mortal struggle ensued between them.

The dog tore the snake with its teeth and trampled it with its paws; the snake bit the dog in the face, chest, and stomach. But a minute later, only scraps of the viper lay on the ground, and Brovko began to run and disappeared.

But the strangest thing is that from that day on Brovko disappeared and wandered in an unknown place.

Only two weeks later he returned home: thin, scrawny, but healthy. My father told me that dogs know the herb that they use to treat viper bites.

Geese (story)

Vasya saw a string of wild geese flying high in the air.

Vasya. Can our domestic ducks fly the same way?

Father. No.

Vasya. Who feeds the wild geese?

Father. They find their own food.

Vasya. And in winter?

Father. As soon as winter comes, wild geese fly away from us to warm countries, and return again in the spring.

Vasya. But why can’t domestic geese fly just as well and why don’t they fly away from us to warm countries for the winter?

Father. Because domestic animals have already lost part of their former dexterity and strength, and their feelings are not as subtle as those of wild animals.

Vasya. But why did this happen to them?

Father. Because people care about them and have taught them not to use them on our own. From this you see that people should try to do for themselves everything they can. Those children who rely on the services of others and do not learn to do everything they can for themselves will never be strong, smart and dexterous people.

Vasya. No, now I will try to do everything for myself, otherwise, perhaps, the same thing could happen to me as to domestic geese that have forgotten how to fly.

The Goose and the Crane (story)

A goose swims on the pond and talks loudly to itself:

What an amazing bird I really am! And I walk on the ground, and swim on the water, and fly through the air: there is no other bird like this in the world! I am the king of all birds!

The crane overheard the goose and said to him:

You stupid bird, goose! Well, can you swim like a pike, run like a deer, or fly like an eagle? It’s better to know one thing, but it’s good, than everything, but it’s bad.

Two goats (story)

Two stubborn goats met one day on a narrow log thrown across a stream. It was impossible to cross the stream at both times; one had to turn back, give way to the other and wait.

“Make way for me,” said one.

- Here's another! Look, what an important gentleman,” answered the other, “backing away, I was the first to ascend the bridge.”

- No, brother, I am much older than you in years, and I have to give in to the milksucker! Never!

Here both, without thinking for a long time, collided with strong foreheads, locked horns and, resting their thin legs on the deck, began to fight. But the deck was wet: both stubborn men slipped and flew straight into the water.

Woodpecker (story)

Knock-Knock! In a deep forest, a black woodpecker is carpentering on a pine tree. It clings with its paws, rests its tail, taps its nose, and scares away ants and boogers from behind the bark.

He'll run around the trunk and won't miss anyone.

The ants got scared:

These rules are not good! They squirm in fear, hide behind the bark - they don’t want to go out.

Knock-Knock! The black woodpecker knocks with its nose, gouges the bark, pushes its long tongue into holes, drags ants around like a fish.

Playing dogs (short story)

Volodya stood at the window and looked out onto the street, where a large dog, Polkan, was basking in the sun.

A little Pug ran up to Polkan and began to rush and bark at him; he grabbed his huge paws and muzzle with his teeth and seemed to be very annoying to the large and gloomy dog.

Wait a minute, she’ll ask you! - Volodya said. - She'll teach you a lesson.

But Mops did not stop playing, and Polkan looked at him very favorably.

You see,” Volodya’s father said, “Polkan is kinder than you.” When your little brothers and sisters start playing with you, it will certainly end with you pinning them. Polkan knows that it is a shame for the big and strong to offend the small and weak.

Goat (story)

A shaggy goat is walking, a bearded one is walking, waving its faces, shaking its beard, tapping its hooves; walks, bleats, calls goats and kids. And the goats and kids went into the garden, nibbled grass, gnawed bark, spoiled young clothespins, hoarded milk for the children; and the kids, little kids, sucked milk, climbed the fence, fought with their horns.

Wait, the bearded owner will come and give you all order!

Cow (fairy tale)

The cow is ugly, but she gives milk. Her forehead is wide, her ears are to the side; there are not enough teeth in the mouth, but the faces are large; the ridge is pointed, the tail is broom-shaped, the sides are protruding, the hooves are double.

She tears grass, chews gum, drinks swill, moos and roars, calling her mistress: “Come out, mistress; take out the bin, clean toilet! I brought milk and thick cream for the kids.”

Cuckoo (story)

The gray cuckoo is a homeless sloth: it doesn’t build a nest, it lays its eggs in other people’s nests, it gives its cuckoo chicks to be raised, and it even laughs and boasts to its hubby: “Hee-hee-hee! Ha ha ha! Look, hubby, how I laid an egg for the joy of the oatmeal.”

And the tailed hubby, sitting on a birch tree, his tail unfurled, his wings lowered, his neck stretched out, swaying from side to side, calculating the years, counting out stupid people.

Swallow (story)

The killer whale swallow did not know peace, it flew all day long, carried straws, sculpted with clay, made a nest.

She made a nest for herself: she carried testicles. I applied it to the testicles: it doesn’t come off the testicles, it’s waiting for the kids.

I hatched the babies: the babies squeaked and wanted to eat.

The killer whale flies all day long, knows no peace: catches midges, feeds the crumbs.

The inevitable time will come, the babies will fledge, they will all fly apart, blue seas, behind dark forests, behind the high mountains.

The killer whale swallow does not know peace: day after day it searches and searches for small children.

Horse (story)

The horse snores, curls its ears, moves its eyes, gnaws at the bit, bends its neck like a swan, and digs the ground with its hoof. The mane is wavy on the neck, the tail is a pipe at the back, bangs are between the ears, and a brush is on the legs; the wool shines silver. There is a bit in the mouth, a saddle on the back, golden stirrups, steel horseshoes.

Sit down and let's go! To distant lands, to the thirtieth kingdom!

The horse runs, the ground trembles, foam comes out of the mouth, steam comes out of the nostrils.

The Bear and the Log (story)

A bear walks through the forest and sniffs around: is it possible to profit from something edible? He smells honey! Mishka raised his face up and saw a beehive on a pine tree, under the beehive there was a smooth log hanging on a rope, but Misha didn’t care about the log. The bear climbed up the pine tree, climbed up to the log, you can’t climb higher - the log is in the way.

Misha pushed the log away with his paw; the log gently rolled back - and the bear knocked on the head. Misha pushed the log harder - the log hit Misha harder. Misha got angry and grabbed the log with all his might; the log was pumped back two fathoms - and it was enough for Misha that he almost fell out of the tree. The bear became furious, he forgot about the honey, he wanted to finish the log: well, he felled it as hard as he could, and he was never left without surrender. Misha fought with the log until he fell out of the tree, completely beaten; There were pegs stuck under the tree - and the bear paid for his insane anger with his warm skin.

Not well cut, but tightly sewn (The Hare and the Hedgehog) (fairy tale)

The white, sleek bunny said to the hedgehog:

What an ugly, scratchy dress you have, brother!

True,” answered the hedgehog, “but my thorns save me from the teeth of the dog and the wolf; does your pretty skin serve you the same way?

Instead of answering, the bunny just sighed.

Eagle (story)

The blue-winged eagle is the king of all birds. He makes nests on rocks and on old oak trees; flies high, sees far, looks unblinkingly at the sun.

The eagle has a sickle nose, hooked claws; the wings are long; bulging chest - well done.

The Eagle and the Cat (story)

Outside the village, a cat was playing happily with her kittens. The spring sun was warm, and the little family was very happy. Suddenly, out of nowhere, a huge steppe eagle: like lightning, he descended from above and grabbed one kitten. But before the eagle had time to rise, the mother had already grabbed onto it. The predator abandoned the kitten and grabbed the old cat. A battle to the death began.

Mighty wings, a strong beak, strong paws with long, curved claws gave the eagle a great advantage: he tore the skin of the cat and pecked out one of her eyes. But the cat did not lose courage, grabbed the eagle tightly with its claws and bit off its right wing.

Now victory began to lean towards the cat; but the eagle was still very strong, and the cat was already tired; however, she collected her last strength, made a deft leap and knocked the eagle to the ground. At that very moment she bit off his head and, forgetting her own wounds, began to lick her wounded kitten.

Cockerel with his family (story)

A cockerel walks around the yard: there is a red comb on his head, and a red beard under his nose. Petya’s nose is a chisel, Petya’s tail is a wheel, there are patterns on his tail, and spurs on his legs. Petya rakes the pile with his paws and calls the hens and chicks together:

Crested hens! Busy hostesses! Motley-pockmarked! Little black and white! Gather together with the chickens, with the little children: I have saved you some grain!

The hens and chicks gathered and cackled; They didn’t share the grain - they got into a fight.

Petya the cockerel doesn’t like unrest - now he has reconciled his family: one for the crest, that for the cowlick, he ate the grain himself, flew up the fence, flapped his wings, shouted at the top of his lungs:

- “Ku-ka-re-ku!”

Ducks (story)

Vasya sits on the bank, he watches how the ducks tumble in the pond: they hide their wide noses in the water, and dry their yellow paws in the sun. They ordered Vasya to guard the ducks, and they went to the water - both old and young. How can I get them home now?

So Vasya started clicking ducks:

Duck-duck-duck! Gluttonous chatterboxes, wide noses, webbed paws! You've had enough of carrying around worms, plucking grass, swallowing mud, stuffing your crops - it's time for you to go home!

Vasya’s ducklings obeyed, went ashore, walked home, shimmering from foot to foot.

The Scientist Bear (short story)

- Children! Children! - the nanny shouted. - Go see the bear.

The children ran out onto the porch, and a lot of people had already gathered there. A Nizhny Novgorod man, with a large stake in his hands, is holding a bear on a chain, and the boy is preparing to beat a drum.

“Come on, Misha,” says the Nizhny Novgorod resident, tugging the bear with a chain, “get up, rise, shift from side to side, bow to the honest gentlemen and show yourself to the pullets.”

The bear roared and reluctantly climbed up hind legs, shifts from foot to foot, bows to the right, to the left.

“Come on, Mishenka,” continues the Nizhny Novgorod resident, “show how little kids steal peas: where it’s dry - on the belly; and wet - on your knees.

And Mishka crawled: he fell on his belly and raked it with his paw, as if he were pulling a pea.

“Come on, Mishenka, show me how women go to work.”

The bear comes and goes; looks back, scratches behind his ear with his paw.

Several times the bear showed annoyance, roared, and did not want to get up; but the iron ring of the chain, threaded through the lip, and the stake in the hands of the owner forced the poor beast to obey. When the bear had remade all his things, the Nizhny Novgorod resident said:

- Come on, Misha, now shift from foot to foot, bow to the honest gentlemen, but don’t be lazy, but bow lower! Sweat the gentlemen and grab your hat: if they put down the bread, eat it, but return the money to me.

And the bear, with a hat in its front paws, went around the audience. The children put in a ten-kopeck piece; but they felt sorry for poor Misha: blood was oozing from the lip through the ring.

Khavronya (story)

Our sow hare is dirty, dirty and gluttonous; It eats everything, crumples everything, itches on the corners, finds a puddle - like rushing into a feather bed, grunting, basking.

The sow's snout is not elegant: its nose rests on the ground, its mouth reaches to its ears; and the ears dangle like rags; Each leg has four hooves, and when it walks, it stumbles.

The sow's tail is a screw, the ridge is a hump; stubble sticks out on the ridge. She eats for three, gets fat for five; but her mistresses take care of her, feed her, and give her slop to drink; If he breaks into the garden, they will drive him away with a log.

Brave Dog (story)

Dog, why are you barking?

I scare the wolves.

The dog with its tail between its legs?

I'm afraid of wolves.

You can download this book of children's stories about animals by K. Ushinsky for free in pdf format: DOWNLOAD >>