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Drawing of a theater stage. Drawing lesson “Ticket to the theater”

Khruleva Natalya Vladimirovna, teacher of the MDOU TsRR d.s. No. 45 "Dream" Serpukhov

Currently, the leading position is occupied by teaching methods and techniques based on the use of modern computer technology, which led to fundamental changes in the theory and practice of education. Therefore in modern conditions For the successful organization of the educational process, the teacher faces the need to search for new forms, methods and means of presenting the material.

ICTs occupy a worthy niche in our preschool institution. Today you could see a small fragment of the use of such a digital educational resource as a virtual excursion.

The word excursion (excursio) of Latin origin and translated into Russian means visiting a place or object for the purpose of studying it.

In this sense, an excursion is understood as a form of educational organization in which knowledge is perceived and assimilated by going to the location of the objects being studied. (nature, museums, exhibitions, architectural monuments, etc.) and direct acquaintance with them.

In connection with the introduction of new information technologies During the educational process, the approach to excursions has changed significantly, new types of excursions have emerged - virtual excursions.

Term "virtual" derived from English word virtual – similar, indistinguishable. First virtual museums began appearing on the Internet in 1991. Many museums have created multiple virtual exhibits and combined them into virtual tours.

A virtual tour has a number of advantages over traditional tours:

  • Without leaving the building kindergarten you can visit and get acquainted with objects located outside the preschool educational institution, city and even country.
  • Automation of information processing about the object being studied increases the productivity of teachers.
  • Helps organize the activities of teachers to master scientific knowledge.
  • Familiarize yourself with methods of searching, systematizing and visually presenting information using a computer.

At the same time, mastering the phenomena of material and artistic culture in real "alive" conditions are not canceled under any circumstances. Virtual communication with cultural values ​​is considered as preparatory stage. It allows you to consolidate the material being studied, create conditions for a comfortable entry into excursion activities, both as a guide and as an excursionist.

Conducting excursions to real space museums or on city streets requires:

  • great professional skill,
  • the ability to control oneself in an unfamiliar environment,
  • keep the audience's attention during the speech (excursions).

At the same time, weather conditions do not always allow you to implement the planned plan and conduct an excursion on the chosen topic on the streets of the city, and does not allow sufficient short term as part of a walking tour, get to know different objects representing a particular era, since they are located at considerable distances from each other, which leads to fatigue and a sharp decrease in the perception of the material, loss of interest in the objects being presented. At the same time, carrying out virtual excursions teachers in the classroom contributes to high-quality, productive learning of educational material.

The preparation of a virtual excursion is based on a certain algorithm of actions that allows teachers to achieve a successful result. Let's list the most important "Steps" when preparing and conducting a virtual excursion:

  • determining the purpose and objectives of the excursion;
  • choosing a topic;
  • identifying sources of excursion material;
  • selection and study of excursion objects;
  • drawing up an excursion route based on video footage;
  • preparation of excursion text;
  • determining the technique of conducting a virtual excursion;
  • excursion show.

Work on any new excursion begins with a clear definition of its purpose. The choice of topic is dictated, first of all, calendar plan or specific situations. The theme is the core that unites all the objects and subtopics of the excursion into a single whole.

The display of objects is the most important part of the excursion. The correct selection of objects, their quantity, and the sequence of display influence the quality of the material presented. The number of analyzed objects can vary from 10 to 20.

The route of any excursion is the most convenient route for the excursion group to follow, facilitating the disclosure of the topic; this provision also applies when creating a virtual excursion. The sequence of the video material must be presented in such a way that it reveals the chosen topic as much as possible. One of mandatory conditions when compiling a virtual excursion, organizing the display of objects in a logical sequence and providing a visual basis for revealing the topic. As part of a virtual excursion, the material can be presented in chronological, thematic or thematic-chronological sequence.

When composing the text of a virtual excursion, you need to pay attention to the fact that it should cover all subtopics. The text should be distinguished by brevity, clarity of wording, the necessary amount of factual material, literary language. The text compiled in accordance with these requirements is ready for "use" story.

The excursion should begin with an introductory conversation with the children. In introductory conversation The teacher determines the goals and objectives of the excursion.

The staging technique plays a huge role in enhancing children’s activities during virtual excursions. problematic issues children on the topic and content of the excursion.

The excursion ends with a final conversation, during which the teacher, together with the children, summarizes, systematizes what they saw and heard, and identifies their impressions.

When working with children, I use the following virtual excursions:

  • to the Babaev factory, the excursion is called "Encyclopedia of Chocolate" www. babaevskiy. ru/virtur/;
  • to the RZD Steam Locomotive Museum. ru/steams/;
  • tours around the territory of the Moscow Kremlin and the Grand Kremlin Palace. kremlin. ru/#/ru&1_5;
  • according to international space station www. nasa. gov/externalflash/ISSRG/index. htm;
  • at the Cosmonaut Training Center named after. Yu.A. Gagarin www.gctc. ru/main. php? id=152;
  • around the chemistry hall in Polytechnic Museum dem-media. com;
  • to the pharmacy - museum in Lviv (Ukraine) www. priglyadis. ru/6025 and others.

Also in educational activities I also use other types of CCTV (digital educational resources): presentations, videos, electronic library, where children's multimedia materials are widely presented electronic encyclopedia.

Electronic encyclopedias combine the functions of demonstration and reference materials. In accordance with their name, they are an electronic analogue of conventional reference and information publications. Unlike their paper counterparts, such encyclopedias have additional properties and capabilities: they support a convenient search system by keywords and concepts, a convenient navigation system based on hyperlinks, the ability to include audio and video fragments.

In educational activities I use electronic library materials on the following topics:

  • Seasons;
  • world of wildlife;
  • solar system;
  • water is the source of life;
  • minerals;
  • air - invisible, etc.

Thus, the use of information and communication technologies makes the learning process more interesting, high-quality, and effective.

(providing the opportunity for distance education for children with high educational motivation).

Problem-oriented lecture. (90 minutes)

Use of modern ICT in educational process

1 slide Hello dear Colleagues. In today's conversation, I would like not only to summarize the knowledge I have accumulated in the field of Information and Computer Technologies, but also to identify the main problems arising in connection with their implementation in modern lesson.

2 slide “The sun was setting, as always happens at this time. A light May breeze turned endless green meadows into wavy oceans with ebbs and flows. Emptiness all around. Only two silhouettes not far away disturb the natural idyll.

- Why were you looking for a meeting with me? – asked a young man in a suit.

“It wasn’t as important for me to meet you personally as it was to meet any representative of your profession.” What do you say it's called now? – an elderly, gray-haired interlocutor in a wide tunic asked him.

- Teacher, Socrates..., Teacher...

- How did you recognize me?

Corners of the mouth young man trembled slightly upward, he was clearly amused by this question.

– Your face is familiar to every child!

- Really?! So many years have passed, but they still remember me? – the elder’s eyebrows flew high.

– Socrates, your works have made an invaluable contribution to the development of a civilized society! But everything has changed too much. People now study for at least nine years. And in class we can create a fairy tale, look inside a cell, assemble a robot, or study the law of physics. Without leaving the classroom, we can go to another city, climb to the top of a mountain, make trip around the world and even fly into space. Nowadays it is possible to conduct a lesson with, say, thirty people in different corners planets, all of them: both students and teacher will see each other perfectly, hear, communicate.

- But this is impossible!

- Maybe! Moreover, in our time this will not surprise anyone..."

, computer science teacher, Essay

3 slide 1. The term ICT in the modern understanding.

Teacher. What is the basis of his profession? Subject knowledge? Undoubtedly. Oratory? Certainly. Love for children, the ability to understand and feel how a student learns and what he experiences? Well, who will argue. And he must always remain young in his work - keep up with the times, not stop there, always be in search.

Currently, schools are provided with modern computers, interactive equipment, electronic resources, Internet access. This facilitates the introduction of new pedagogical technologies into the educational process of the school. In a world that is becoming increasingly dependent on information technologies, students and teachers should be familiar with them. And a teacher, if he cares about his students, their future, must help them learn new vital skills.

The use of computer technology is not the influence of fashion, but a necessity dictated by today’s level of educational development.

What is ICT?

Slide 4 ICT is information and communication technologies.

For teachers personally, the manifestation of ICT is carried out in the following areas:

· computer literacy;

· work with Internet resources;

· creating presentations for the lesson;

· use of ready-made training programs;

· development and use of our own proprietary programs.

But it's not that simple. If we talk about ICT as a technology in the educational process, we will see the following picture:

5 slide Educational ICT tools can be classified according to a number of parameters:

click on solved pedagogical tasks:

· facilities providing basic training ( electronic textbooks, training systems, knowledge control systems);

· practical training tools (problems, workshops, virtual constructors, simulation programs, simulators);

· auxiliary means (encyclopedias, dictionaries, reading books, educational computer games, multimedia training sessions);

· comprehensive tools (distance learning courses).

Click on functions in organizing the educational process:

Information and educational (electronic libraries, e-books, electronic periodicals, dictionaries, reference books, educational computer programs, Information Systems);

· interactive (e-mail, electronic teleconferences);

· search (directories, search engines).

click By information type:

· electronic and information resources with text information (textbooks, teaching aids, problem books, tests, dictionaries, reference books, encyclopedias, periodicals, numerical data, software and educational materials);

· electronic and information resources with visual information (collections: photographs, portraits, illustrations, video fragments of processes and phenomena, demonstrations of experiments, video excursions; statistical and dynamic models, interactive models; symbolic objects: diagrams, diagrams);

· electronic and information resources with audio information (sound recordings of poems, didactic speech material, musical works, sounds of living and inanimate nature, synchronized audio objects);

· electronic and information resources with audio and video information (audio and video objects of living and inanimate nature, subject excursions);

· electronic and information resources with combined information (textbooks, teaching aids, primary sources, anthologies, problem books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, periodicals).

click On the forms of application of ICT in the educational process:

· lesson;

· extracurricular

click According to the form of interaction with the student:

· technology of asynchronous communication mode – “offline”;

· technology of synchronous communication mode – “online”.

6 slide 2. ICT opportunities in a modern school.

“If you are in a class that is hard to get to speak, start

show pictures, and the class will speak, and most importantly, speak freely...”

ICT capabilities:

· creation and preparation of didactic materials (task options, tables, memos, diagrams, drawings, demonstration tables, etc.);

· creation of monitoring to track the results of training and education;

· creation of text works;

generalization methodological experience V in electronic format etc

Application of ICT in the process of training and education junior schoolchildren increase the overall level of the educational process, enhance the cognitive activity of students. But in order to teach younger schoolchildren this way, desire alone is not enough. A teacher needs to master a number of skills.

The main ones are:

· technical - skills necessary to work on a computer as a standard use software ;

· methodological - skills necessary for competent teaching of primary schoolchildren;

· technological - skills necessary for the competent use of information teaching aids in different lessons conducted in primary schools.

Slide 7 The main purpose of using ICT is to improve the quality of education.

The quality of education is what we work for.

Using computer technology, the following problems can be solved:

· increasing the intensity of the lesson

· increasing student motivation,

· monitoring their achievements.

It is difficult to imagine a modern lesson without the use of ICT.

8 slide IR technologies can be used at any stage of the lesson:

· To indicate the topic of the lesson at the beginning of the lesson using questions on the topic being studied, creating problematic situation;

· As an accompaniment to the teacher’s explanation (presentations, formulas, diagrams, drawings, video clips, etc.)

· As an information and training manual;

· To control students.

9 slide 3. Features of a teacher’s activity in an ICT-filled environment.

“It’s not computers that create miracles, it’s teachers.”

Craig Barrett.

Preparing ICT-rich lessons requires even more careful preparation than usual. When creating a lesson using ICT, it is necessary to think through the sequence of technological operations, forms and methods of presenting information to big screen. The degree and time of multimedia support for a lesson can be different: from a few minutes to a full cycle.

Yes, and you and I can say that a lesson that includes presentation slides and electronic encyclopedia data evokes an emotional response in children, including the most infantile or disinhibited ones. The screen attracts attention, which we sometimes cannot achieve when frontal work with class.

One of the most successful forms of preparation and presentation educational material Lessons in elementary school include creating multimedia presentations.

Slide 10 The teacher can use personal presentations and resources from various educational collections in his work.

The range of use of ICT capabilities in the educational process is quite wide.

We should also talk about Interactive technologies.

Slide 11 However, when working with younger children school age we must remember the commandment “DO NO HARM!”

No one will argue that the use of any visual information has a positive effect in the classroom. There are lessons in which showing tables or reproducing a painting is enough. In this case, preparing the presentation as a sequence of slides is probably inappropriate.

Lessons in which presentation is not a means of learning, but the goal itself, are also ineffective.

In addition to creating and using presentations, we make very effective use of Internet resources. After all, it is there that you can find whatever your soul desires. Overview of network resources (working with ID).

With the help of ICT, you can conduct real virtual journeys in lessons about the world around you.

Modern digital laboratories provide an opportunity to explore the world without leaving the classroom.

ICT is a great help in preparing holidays, in research and project activities children.

Modern information technologies are also used in working with gifted children. Search for information on a topic research work, presentation preparation, participation in network projects, in-depth distance learning.

As practice shows, it is no longer possible to imagine without new information technologies. modern school. It is obvious that in the coming decades the role of personal computers will increase and, in accordance with this, the requirements for computer literacy of primary school students and the teacher himself will increase.

12 slide Lessons using ICT become familiar to students primary school, and for teachers they become the norm of work - this, in my opinion, is one of the important results of innovative work in school. But don’t forget that no one and nothing can replace live communication!

13 slide 4. Problems arising when introducing ICT into a modern lesson.

“The only good teacher is the one in whom the student has not died”

Baurzhan Toyshibekov:

Considering all of the above, we can assume that in our schools all teachers use the tools offered by ICT in their lessons. However, it is not. Why? What prevents you from improving the quality of your lessons? What's the problem?

I suggest doing a little research.

Try to analyze the degree of readiness for the introduction of ICT in your activities according to the proposed scheme. It is enough to evaluate each of the points on a 5-point scale, given that 5 means “no problem”, and 1 means “practically unsolvable problem”

Test-survey in groups according to the “template of ideas”, setting the task for part 2 of the lecture through the extension of ICT learning beyond the scope of the lesson.

The presentation must contain material that only with the help of ICT can be effectively presented by the teacher.

Don't clutter a single slide with too much information!

Each slide should have no more than two pictures.

The font size on slides should be at least 24-28 points.

Animation is possible once for 5 minutes (in primary school).

The entire presentation must be in the same style (the same design for all slides: background; title, size, color, font style; color and thickness different lines and so on.).

ICT (information and communication technologies) are processes and methods of interaction with information that are carried out using devices computer technology, as well as telecommunications.

The role of ICT in modern society

Currently you can see constant growth influence of media technologies on humans. They have a particularly strong impact on children: twenty years ago, a child would rather watch a movie than read a book. However, today, under the powerful pressure of information, advertising, computer technology, electronic toys, game consoles, etc., people are becoming increasingly disconnected from reality. Now, if a student cannot avoid reading a book, he no longer goes to the library, but downloads it to his tablet. Very often you can observe the following picture: a group of young people is sitting in a park, square or shopping and entertainment complex, they do not communicate with each other, all their attention is focused on smartphones, tablets, laptops. If this phenomenon continues to be observed, then soon children will completely forget how to communicate. And so the ministries of education of many countries on our planet, instead of developing schoolchildren’s interest in live communication and learning in general, decided to follow the path of least resistance and give children what they want. According to some experts, a child’s brain perceives better new information, if it is presented in an entertaining form, that is why they easily perceive the data presented in the lesson with the help of media (in connection with this, today the use of information and communication technologies in the field of education is constantly growing). It's hard to argue with this, but back side The benefit of such an educational process is that children stop communicating with the teacher, which means their ability to think decreases. It is much better to restructure the educational process so that it is not boring and always maintains the child’s thirst for new knowledge. But this question will have to be left to the conscience of officials.

Concept of communication and information technology

Informatization processes in modern society, as well as the closely related reform of educational activities, are characterized by improvement and mass distribution modern ICT. They are actively used to transmit data and ensure interaction between teacher and student in the modern system of distance and open education. Today, a teacher is required to possess skills not only in the field of ICT, but also to be responsible for the professional use of information and communication technologies in his immediate activities.

The term "technology" came to us from Greek language, and translated it means “science”. Modern understanding of this word includes the use of engineering and scientific knowledge to solve specific practical problems. Then information and communication technology is a technology that is aimed at transforming and processing information. But that's not all. In essence, information and communication technology is a general concept that describes various mechanisms, devices, algorithms, and methods of data processing. The most important modern ICT device is a computer equipped with the necessary software. The second, but no less important, equipment is the means of communication with information posted on them.

ICT tools used in the modern education system

The main means of ICT technology for the information environment of the education system is a personal computer equipped with the necessary software (system and applied nature, as well as tools). System software primarily includes operating software. It ensures the interaction of all PC programs with the equipment and PC user. This category also includes service and utility software. Application programs include software that is an information technology toolkit - working with texts, graphics, tables, etc. Modern system education widely uses universal applied office software and ICT tools, such as word processors, presentation preparation, spreadsheets, graphic packages, organizers, databases, etc.

Development of information and communication technologies

With the organization of computer networks and similar means, the education process has moved to a new quality. First of all, this is due to the ability to quickly receive information from anywhere in the world. Thanks to the global computer network Internet, instant access to the planet is now possible ( electronic libraries, file storages, databases, etc.). This popular resource has published more than two billion different multimedia documents. The network provides access and allows the use of other common ICT technologies, these include email, chat, lists, and mailings. In addition, a special software for online communication (in real time), which allows, after establishing a session, to transmit text (entered from the keyboard), as well as sound, image and various files. Such software makes it possible to organize joint communication between remote users and software running on a local personal computer.

The emergence of new information compression algorithms available for transmission over the Internet has significantly improved sound quality. Now it has begun to approach the quality of a regular telephone network. As a result, there was a leap in the development of a relatively new ICT tool - Internet telephony. Using special software and peripheral devices, audio and video conferences can be organized via the network.

Information and communication technology and its capabilities

To organize an effective search in telecommunication networks, automated search programs are used, the purpose of which is to collect data about various resources of the World Wide Web and provide the user with quick access to them. Thanks to search engines, you can find documents, multimedia files, address information about people and organizations, and software. The use of ICT allows for wide access to educational, methodological and scientific information In addition, it becomes possible to quickly organize consulting assistance, as well as simulate scientific and research activities. And, of course, conducting virtual classes (lectures, seminars) in real time.

Video training

Today, information and communication technologies of education provide several classes of material delivery that are significant from the point of view of distance and open education. One of them is television and video recordings. Video files and related ICT tools allow a large number students get acquainted with the content of lectures by the best teachers. Video recordings can be used both in specially equipped classrooms and at home. An interesting fact is that in European and American training courses main material presented on video cassettes and in printed publications.

Television ICT

Television is the most common ICT in the classroom; it plays a huge role not only in the modern educational process, but also in people’s lives, because almost every home has a TV. Educational television programs have long been used all over the world and are very a shining example distance learning method. Thanks to this ICT tool, it became possible to broadcast lectures to a wide audience in order to increase their general development without subsequent monitoring of knowledge acquisition.

Electronic educational publications

Electronic educational publications are a very powerful technology that allows you to transfer and store the entire volume of information being studied. They spread like computer networks, and recorded on optical media. Individual work with such material gives a deep understanding and assimilation of data. This technology allows (with appropriate modification) the use of existing courses and self-testing of acquired knowledge. Electronic educational publications, unlike traditional printed material, allow you to present information in a graphic, dynamic form.

Classification of ICT tools by areas of methodological purpose

ICT tools are:

1. Educational. They impart knowledge, form practical skills or ensure the required level of mastery of the material.

2. Exercise equipment. Designed for practicing various skills, consolidating or repeating a lesson learned.

3. Reference and information retrieval. Provide information on systematizing information.

4. Demonstration. Visualize the studied phenomena, processes, objects for the purpose of studying and researching them.

5. Imitation. They represent a certain aspect of reality, allowing the study of its functional and structural characteristics.

6. Laboratory. Allows you to conduct experiments on existing equipment.

7. Modeling. They make it possible to create a model of an object or phenomenon for the purpose of studying and researching it.

8. Calculated. Automate calculations and various routine operations.

9. Educational games. Designed to create a learning situation in which the activities of students are implemented in a playful way.

Didactic tasks that are solved using ICT

1. Improving the organization and increasing the individualization of training.

2. Increase productivity self-study students.

3. Individualization of the teacher’s work.

4. Acceleration of replication, as well as access to the achievements of teaching practice.

5. Increasing motivation to learn.

6. Activation of the educational process, the ability to attract students to

7. Ensuring learning flexibility.

Negative impact of ICT tools on students

Information and communication technology introduced into everything leads to a number of consequences negative character, among which it should be noted a number of negative psychological and pedagogical factors influencing the health and physiological state of the student. As already mentioned at the beginning of the article, ITC leads to the individualization of the educational process. However, this is a serious disadvantage associated with total individualization. Such a program entails the curtailment of the already scarce educational process live dialogical communication between participants: students and teachers, students among themselves. It essentially offers them a surrogate of communication - a dialogue with a computer. Indeed, even a verbally active student becomes silent for a long time when working with ICT tools. This is especially typical for students of distance and open forms of education.

Why is this so dangerous?

As a result of this form of learning, throughout the entire lesson the student is busy silently consuming the material. This leads to the fact that the part of the brain responsible for the objectification of a person’s thinking turns out to be turned off, essentially immobilized during many years of study. It is necessary to understand that the student already does not have the necessary practice of forming, formulating thoughts, as well as dialogical communication in a professional language. As shown psychological research, without developed communication, the student’s monologue communication with himself, precisely what is commonly called independent thinking, will not be formed at the proper level. Agree that asking yourself a question is the most accurate indicator of the presence of independent thinking. As a result, if you follow the path of individualization of learning, you may miss the very opportunity of developing in a person creative process, whose origins are built on dialogue.

Finally

To summarize, we can note another significant drawback of information and communication technologies, which stems from the main advantage - the general availability of information resources published on the Internet. This often leads to the student following the path of least resistance and borrowing ready-made essays, problem solutions, projects, reports, etc. from the Internet. Today, this already familiar fact confirms the low effectiveness of this form of learning. Of course, the prospects for the development of information and communication technologies are high, but they must be implemented thoughtfully, without manic totalization.



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