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– this is a nature that is not pliable, not bendable. She has a highly developed personality, she has a lot of strength and energy; her rich soul requires freedom, breadth - she does not want to secretly “steal” joy from life. It can not bend, but break. (See also the article The image of Katerina in the play “The Thunderstorm” - briefly.)

A. N. Ostrovsky. Storm. Play

Katerina received a purely national upbringing, developed by the ancient Russian pedagogy of Domostroy. She lived locked up throughout her childhood and youth, but the atmosphere parental love softened this life - moreover, the influence of religion prevented her soul from becoming callous in suffocating loneliness. On the contrary, she did not feel any bondage: “she lived and did not worry about anything, like a bird in the wild!” Katerina often went to churches, listened to the stories of wanderers and praying mantises, listened to the singing of spiritual poems - she lived carefree, surrounded by love and affection... And she grew up beautiful, gentle girl, with a fine mental organization, a great dreamer... Brought up in a religious way, she lived exclusively in the circle religious ideas; her rich imagination was fed only by those impressions that she drew from the lives of saints, from legends, apocrypha and the moods that she experienced during worship...

“...to death I loved going to church! - she later recalled her youth in a conversation with her husband’s sister Varvara. - Exactly, it happened that I would enter heaven... And I don’t see anyone, and I don’t remember the time, and I don’t hear when the service ends. Mama said that everyone used to look at me, what was happening to me! And, you know, on a sunny day such a light column goes down from the dome and smoke moves in this column, like clouds. And I see, sometimes, as a girl, I’ll get up at night - we also had lamps burning everywhere - and somewhere, in a corner, I’ll pray until the morning. Or I’ll go into the garden early in the morning, the sun is just rising, and I’ll fall on my knees, pray and cry, and I myself don’t know what I’m praying for and what I’m crying about!”

From this story it is clear that Katerina was not just a religious person - she knew moments of religious “ecstasy” - that enthusiasm in which the holy ascetics were rich, and examples of which we will find in abundance in the lives of the saints... Like them, Katerina I had “visions” and wonderful dreams.

“And what dreams I had, Varenka, what dreams! Or golden temples, or some extraordinary gardens... And everyone is singing invisible voices, and they smell of cypress... And the mountains and the trees, as if not the same as usual, but as if they were written in images!

From all these stories of Katerina it is clear that she is not entirely ordinary person... Her soul, crushed by the ancient system of life, seeks space, does not find it around itself and is carried away “to grief”, to God ... Many such natures in the old days went into “asceticism” ...

But sometimes in her relationships with her family, the energy of her soul broke through - she did not go "against people" but, indignant, protesting, she then left "from people"...

“I was born so hot! - she tells Varvara. “I was only six years old, no more, so I did it!” They offended me with something at home, and it was late in the evening, it was already dark; I ran out to the Volga, got into the boat, and pushed it away from the shore. The next morning they found it, about ten miles away!..

Eh, Varya, you don’t know my character! Of course, God forbid this happens! And if I get really tired of it here, they won’t hold me back by any force. I’ll throw myself out the window, throw myself into the Volga. I don’t want to live here, I won’t do this, even if you cut me!”

From these words it is clear that calm, dreamy Katerina knows impulses that are difficult to cope with.

"Storm". This is a young woman who does not yet have children and lives in her mother-in-law’s house, where, in addition to her and her husband Tikhon, Tikhon’s unmarried sister, Varvara, also lives. Katerina has been in love for some time with Boris, who lives in the house of Dikiy, his orphaned nephew.

While her husband is nearby, she secretly dreams of Boris, but after his departure, Katerina begins dating a young man and enters into an affair with him. love affair, with the complicity of the daughter-in-law, who even benefits from Katerina’s connection.

The main conflict in the novel is the confrontation between Katerina and her mother-in-law, Tikhon’s mother, Kabanikha. Life in the city of Kalinov is a deep swamp that sucks deeper and deeper. “Old concepts” dominate everything. Whatever the “elders” do, they should get away with it, freethinking will not be tolerated here, the “wild lordship” here feels like a fish in water.

The mother-in-law is jealous of her young, attractive daughter-in-law, feeling that with her son’s marriage, her power over him rests only on constant reproaches and moral pressure. In her daughter-in-law, despite her dependent position, Kabanikha feels a strong opponent, an integral nature that does not succumb to her tyrant oppression.

Katerina does not feel due respect for her, does not tremble and does not look into Kabanikha’s mouth, catching her every word. She does not act sad when her husband leaves, she does not try to be useful to her mother-in-law in order to earn a favorable nod - she is different, her nature resists pressure.

Katerina is a believing woman, and for her sin is a crime that she cannot hide. In her parents’ house, she lived the way she wanted and did what she liked: she planted flowers, prayed earnestly in church, experiencing a feeling of enlightenment, and listened with curiosity to the stories of wanderers. She was always loved, and she developed a strong, willful character; she did not tolerate any injustice and could not lie or maneuver.

From her mother-in-law, however, constant unfair reproaches await her. She is to blame for the fact that Tikhon does not show due respect to his mother, as before, and does not demand it from his wife. Kabanikha reproaches her son for not appreciating his mother’s suffering in his name. The power of the tyrant is slipping out of his hands right before our eyes.

The betrayal of her daughter-in-law, which the impressionable Katerina publicly admitted, is a reason for Kabanikha to rejoice and repeat:

“I told you so! But no one listened to me!”

All sins and transgressions are due to the fact that, perceiving new trends, they do not listen to their elders. The world in which the eldest Kabanova lives suits her quite well: power over her family and in the city, wealth, strict moral pressure over her family. This is Kabanikha’s life, this is how her parents lived, and their parents lived - and this has not changed.

While a girl is young, she does what she wants, but when she gets married, she seems to die to the world, appearing with her family only at the market and in church, and occasionally in crowded places. So Katerina, coming to her husband’s house after a free and happy youth, was also supposed to symbolically die, but she couldn’t.

The same feeling of a miracle that was about to come, the expectation of the unknown, the desire to fly in and soar that had been with her since her free youth, had not disappeared anywhere, and the explosion would have happened anyway. Even if not by connection with Boris, Katerina would still have challenged the world she came into after marriage.

It would have been easier for Katerina if she had loved her husband. But watching every day how Tikhon was mercilessly suppressed by her mother-in-law, she lost both her feelings and even the remnants of respect for him. She felt sorry for him, encouraging him from time to time, and not even being very offended when Tikhon, humiliated by his mother, took out his resentment on her.

Boris seems different to her, although because of his sister he is in the same humiliated position as Tikhon. Since Katerina sees him only briefly, she cannot appreciate his spiritual qualities. And when two weeks of love dope dissipate with the arrival of her husband, she is too busy with mental anguish and her guilt to understand that his situation is not better position Tikhon. Boris, still clinging to the faint hope that he will get something from his grandmother’s fortune, is forced to leave. He doesn’t invite Katerina with him, so he mental strength not enough, and he leaves in tears:

“Oh, if only there was strength!”

Katerina has no choice. The daughter-in-law has fled, the husband is broken, the lover is leaving. She remains in the power of Kabanikha, and understands that she will now not let her guilty daughter-in-law do anything... if she had scolded her for nothing before. What follows is a slow death, not a day without reproaches, a weak husband and no way to see Boris. And believing Katerina prefers to all this the terrible mortal sin - suicide - as liberation from earthly torment.

She realizes that her impulse is terrible, but for her, punishment for sin is even preferable than life in the same house with Kabanikha until her physical death - the spiritual one has already happened.

An integral and freedom-loving nature will never be able to withstand pressure and mockery.

Katerina could have run away, but there was no one with her. Therefore – suicide, a quick death instead of a slow one. She nevertheless accomplished her escape from the kingdom of the “tyrants of Russian life.”

After the publication of Ostrovsky’s play “The Thunderstorm,” residents of some cities in the Volga region argued about which of them the events depicted by the playwright were connected with. However, Ostrovsky portrayed typical characters and pictures of Russian life, without specifying the images of heroes for certain prototypes.

Here he is walking along Kabanikha Boulevard, accompanied by his daughter Varvara, son Tikhon and his wife Katerina. Everyone suffers insults inflicted by the head of this family. Everyone except Katerina, who courageously defends her right to respect. The young woman does not want to please anyone, but wants to love and be mutually loved. This makes her different from other characters in the play.

Katerina in the play is compared to in a folk-poetic way- a bird that is a symbol of love for freedom. So Katerina, telling Varvara about her life with her parents, speaks with delight about her free life when she was a girl:

“I lived, didn’t worry about anything, like a bird in the wild. Mama doted on me, dressed me up like a doll, and didn’t force me to work; I used to do whatever I want.”

Katerina’s life in the Kabanov family is a cry for a lost young life. But the heroine is strong and strong-willed nature, who does not want to put up with Kabanov’s order. She does not howl for her weak-willed husband, humiliated by his mother, who is away on business. She misses true love and therefore, without looking back, she surrenders to her feelings for Boris, since she understands that she will not be able to break herself.

But Katerina is religious, punishment for the sin she committed frightens the heroine. A thunderstorm is approaching not only the city of Kalinov. A thunderstorm arises in the heroine's heart. Boris in last date behaved like a person dependent on material circumstances, showing mental weakness and immaturity. Therefore, being on the limit psychological state, Katerina publicly confesses to her husband that she has committed a sin, and then throws herself off a cliff into the river.

Suicide from a religious point of view - terrible sin! Apparently, Ostrovsky's heroine thought in last minute life is not about the salvation of her soul, but about the love that has been revealed to her. That's why her last words were:

"My friend! My joy! Goodbye!"

Thus, she could not, and did not want to put up with the life of the Kabanov family and others like her... So Dobrolyubov is in critical article“A Ray of Light in a Dark Kingdom” writes about Katerina: “She... does not want to take advantage of the miserable vegetation that is given to her in exchange for her living soul...”

The main character of the work is Katerina, tragic fate which is described by the author in the play.

Katerina is presented by the writer in the image of a beautiful nineteen-year-old girl who got married early. IN early childhood Katerina lived happily with her family, surrounded by maternal love and care, being free in her movements and passion for church life. The girl’s nature is vulnerable, sensitive and emotional, capable of real, sincere feelings.

The writer characterizes Katerina as a kind, sympathetic, sincere young woman who does not know how to deceive or be a hypocrite, and has a charming smile.

Once in her husband's house, Katerina is faced with rejection of her as her son's wife by her mother-in-law, the cruel and greedy merchant Kabanikha, who turns the life of young people into an unbearable existence.

Kabanikha’s gambling desire to subjugate all household members to her will, which is on the verge of madness, is completely aimed at the daughter-in-law who has appeared in the house.

The son, beaten down by Kabanikha since childhood, tired of his mother’s tyranny, but making no attempt to change the situation in the house and constantly complaining about his unhappy life, is unable to protect Katerina from the humiliation and nagging of Kabanikha.

Katerina strives to create a happy and prosperous family, she is very religious and is afraid of committing a righteous sin. A passionate feeling of love for another man, the nephew of the merchant Dikiy Boris, flares up in Katerina’s soul, who reciprocates her feelings. But the woman fears heavenly punishment for committing treason and, due to her receptivity, accepts the sudden onset of bad weather in the form of a thunderstorm as a sign from God.

The girl is distinguished by inner purity and sincere honesty not only towards herself, but also towards others. Therefore, Katerina decides to confess her feelings for Boris to her husband. Having opened up about her betrayal, the girl finds out that Boris is not ready to accept her as a wife and does not feel love for her at all.

Katerina begins to realize that Boris is for her a symbol of freedom, a dream of happy life, and, having poured out hope, the desperate girl decides to commit suicide by throwing herself off the steep bank of the river.

Revealing the image main character plays, the writer depicts inner strength a girl who decides to commit mortal sin for the sake of the desire for a new life, to get rid of the world of the dark kingdom towards true and true love.

Option 2

Kabanova Katerina Petrovna - the heroine from the play by A.N. Ostrovsky "The Thunderstorm".

Katerina is eighteen years old in the play. Born and raised in the city of Kalinov. Her parents loved her very much. In Katerina's childhood there were many interesting people, So. how wanderers often came to them and told different stories. She was very religious: every week her mother dressed her in beautiful dresses and took her to church. The girl really loved being there.

Katerina Petrovna’s character is combative, fair, and kind. Once in her childhood she was offended by something at home. Angry, she got into the boat and sailed far from home. She was married off early. Perhaps because of her character.

Tikhon, her husband, is a timid, calm man. His mother puts pressure on him all the time and tries in every possible way to hurt Katerina. Because of this, the main character is forced to defend herself all the time, because her husband does not do this. The main character did not want to put up with the foundations of that family: humiliation, submission, insults. She's the only one who stood up to it.

Katerina was unhappily married. In the house I only communicated normally with Tikhon’s sister, Varenka, who felt sorry for her brother’s wife. Katerina began to wither away in this family. But one day a young man came to their city - Boris. The girl immediately drew attention to him, right. how, in her opinion, he was unlike anyone else. They began dating when the husband went away on business and did not take his wife with him, even though she begged him. But Katerina was a very religious person and was afraid to die with sin in her soul. She was not afraid of death, she was only afraid of appearing before God with all her sins. Katerina Petrovna admitted her betrayal.

After that, her life became even worse: at home there were constant insults, sometimes beatings, everyone turned away from her. She was ready to run away with Boris because she loved him. Boris was sent to Siberia. He also loved Katerina, but did not take him with him, because he did not want to quarrel with his uncle, on whom his inheritance depended.

At that time, women did not have the opportunity to live independently. If Katerina had run away alone, she would have been caught and severely beaten as punishment. She had only two choices: either return to her husband’s house, where she would not have a place to live, or throw herself into the Volga River. She chose the latter.

When they pulled her out dead body, many realized (and some already knew) that she was the only person in that area who was worthy of respect.

Essay Image and characteristics of Katerina

Subject female destiny in a harsh society is one of the most striking themes revealed in Ostrovsky’s works. “The Thunderstorm” also belongs to the cycle of these works. The main character of the play is a collective image.

Katerina is a girl from a decent family who married Tikhon, she loves him, but his mother always lectures her. She doesn’t even let her say goodbye to her husband when he leaves for Moscow.

Katerina is poor, unhappy married woman, whose image is the image of many girls of that time. She understands that she will spend her whole life in this kingdom of darkness, where she is not loved, although she tries to be a good wife, where she will never become a free bird, which is what she says to Varvara, but she also does not understand her.

She is the only bright soul in that city. Katerina, even when she fell in love with Boris, felt shame and considered herself to blame for this, asked her husband to take her with him, as if she felt that something bad, irreparable would happen.

But Tikhon does not listen to her, he follows his mother’s lead. Tikhon does not even dare to object to her, and does not stand up for her, although Katerina herself did not remain silent, and answered Kabanikha that she was wrongfully offending her.

The author also shows the honesty of the main character, when she is unable to keep her husband in deception, before the terrible violence of the elements, she tells him everything about her and Boris. At the same time, the author emphasizes her bright soul, which is unable to endure the humiliation of Kabanikh, the indifference of her previously beloved husband, and the cowardice of her lover.

She knows that the only way liberation from these shackles is death. The last hope fades when Boris refuses to take her with him.

Although he has every reason to do this if he truly loved her. But Boris is a coward. The main feature The author emphasizes this character at the beginning, when Boris lives with his uncle and endures all the insults and humiliations, in front of everyone, in the most crowded place, namely on the river embankment, on the main boulevard of the city.

Boris, when he says goodbye to Katerina, feels that something will happen, but he is a coward and Katerina will never see him again.

Her only path to freedom is death and now, jumping, she feels absolutely happy and free, now she is a bird!

Option 4

The work “The Thunderstorm” by Ostrovsky occupies a special place in the writer’s work due to the image of the main character.

Katerina differs from the rest of the people of the “Dark Kingdom” in that she includes all kindness. However, fate does not spoil her. From her words, we learn that she did not receive an education because she did not have the opportunity to do so. The heroine lived in a village in poverty. But her childhood was carefree. Her mother did not force her to work, and therefore Katerina had a lot of time for activities she liked. It is clearly visible that the girl grew up happy and romantic, loving everything around her. But most importantly, she lived in dreams, separate from existing world. Katerina especially loved going to church and admiring the angels. Yes, she can also be counted among them. But sometimes she woke up in her soul contradictory nature, and she went against some actions.

When Katerina got married, she changed a lot. From a bright world, devoid of deception and injustice, she falls into the sphere of deceit, cruelty and deceit. And the reason was not at all that her life partner was a man whom she did not even love. It's just that the girl was torn out of the light and good world where she was for a long time. And now she doesn’t particularly enjoy going to church. The girl cannot carry out everyday activities as she did before marriage. She is always in a sad and depressed state, which prevents her from even admiring the beauty of nature. She has to endure and suffer, and the girl can no longer live with her thoughts, since reality returns her to the place where humiliation and insult exist. The girl tries to love her husband, but all her feelings are suppressed by Kabanikha. Because of her humility, she tries to show her feelings towards Tikhon, but he does not appreciate it. Then Katerina becomes completely lonely.

And the heroine cannot live in her husband’s house, pretending. A woman has a conflict with her mother-in-law. She scares Kabanikha with her sincerity and purity. Katerina did not howl in the house after her husband left, as Kabanikha wanted. And what courage it took to express your feelings to Boris. Running away from a hated house, Katerina seeks to find support from Boris, but is faced with a weak-willed and weak person. The woman is left completely alone, and she can only get out of this scary world. It seems to me that only a person with a strong character could do this. For us, Katerina embodies a simple, bright and Russian soul, which encourages us to fight the rudeness, ignorance, and tyranny that are still present.

// The image of Katerina in Ostrovsky’s play “The Thunderstorm”

According to one version, while writing "" Ostrovsky was in love with one of the actresses of the Maly Theater. Her name was Lyubov Kositsyna. She was married and could not reciprocate the author's feelings. Subsequently, Kositsyna played the role of Katerina and, perhaps, in words literary work predicted her fate. It is worth noting that the actress to some extent repeated the fate of her heroine, passing away early.

The image of Katerina combines all the lack of rights of Russian women of that era. It must be said that in the 19th century Russian women had virtually no rights. The lion's share of marriages was based solely on personal gain or obtaining high rank. Young girls were forced to marry men old age only because they were rich or revered in high society. The institution of divorce did not exist at all. In the spirit of precisely these traditions, Katerina was married to a merchant's son. Marriage became a real hell for the girl, because she ended up in " dark kingdom", where the rules are tyranny and lies.

An important place in the image of Katerina is occupied by the description of her childhood. She was the daughter of a wealthy merchant. Katenka's childhood was cheerful and carefree. She could do what she loved, and no one could blame her for that. Katerina was surrounded from birth motherly love. Little Katya was dressed up like a doll.

Since childhood, Katerina has been very interested in the church. She often visited church services, getting mental pleasure from it. It was this passion for the church that played with Katerina cruel joke, because it was in the church that Boris noticed her and immediately fell in love with her.

Parental education revealed the best features of the Russian soul in the girl’s character. Katerina was sensual, open and kind person. She did not know how and did not want to deceive. At one point, all this cleanliness and care of the parental home was replaced by the Kabanovs’ house, where human relationships were built on fear and unconditional obedience.

Every day the girl suffered humiliation from her mother-in-law. No one, not even her husband, can protect and support her; everyone is thinking about how not to fall out of favor.

Katerina tried to treat her mother-in-law as a beloved mother, but no one needed her feelings. This atmosphere gradually “kills” the girl’s cheerful character. She fades like a flower. But a strong character the girl does not allow her to fade away completely. Katerina rebels against this despotism. She becomes the only hero of the work who is ready to fight for her life, her feelings.

Katerina's protest resulted in her love for Boris. Of course, the girl reproaches herself for this act. She realizes that she has violated God's commandment and deceived her husband. Katerina cannot live with this. She openly declares her actions. After this, Katerina experiences terrible mental suffering; she cannot find a place for herself. Tikhon cannot support his wife, because he is afraid of his mother’s curses. Boris also turns away from the girl. Unable to withstand this suffering, Katerina throws herself off a cliff. But her soul remained just as strong and unconquered. Only death allowed her to escape from this “dark kingdom.”

Katerina’s action was not in vain. Tikhon blamed his mother for the death of his wife. Varvara, unable to withstand Kabanikha’s tyranny, ran away with Kudryash from her mother’s house. Katerina was able to destroy this kingdom of eternal tyranny, even at the cost of her own life.