Glorious autumn. Railway

ON THE. Nekrasov: “Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous air invigorates tired strength...

It's the beginning of September.
Autumn comes into its own, sneaks up unnoticed and penetrates the city squares and streets and parks. This is especially felt in the morning.
You go outside and see the first fallen yellow leaves under your feet. Of course, from mid-August they begin to turn golden gray on the trees, especially on birches, but everyone thinks that this is not true, because it is still summer outside. And now you look and understand: yes, autumn has come.
I don’t know why, but I fell in love with morning walks and even jogging. Now I enjoy the autumn melancholy, which gives me more strength and energy than summer. Paradox)))
There was one verse that I really like, although it’s about August. Its meaning is that when you live in a village, you notice all the signs and changes in nature. The city is depressing, and apparently that’s why you want to run away from it. And autumn intensifies this desire.
E. Bondareva
He will still pass through steppes and groves,
He will taste the berries in the forest,
Resounds with good songs,
Drinks ripe dew from the leaves.
He will get lost in the fields, forgotten
And he will fall into a deep, childish sleep.
He’ll get up in the morning and won’t stop looking at it
The bins are filled with grain.
Simple, without any special mark,
August appeared in the yard.
They wouldn't even notice him in the city,
If it weren't for the page on the calendar.

So I live in a large metropolis, I don’t notice anything and already long years I dream of getting out into nature for longer, into the forest, field, lake, taking a walk in quiet solitude, thinking about life, healing my wounds, stopping and looking back.

Many people, not just me, now want to sit alone with nature, be silent, look at it, and let it look at you.

But listen to Paustovsky’s words about autumn!

Paustovsky "Distant Years"
“It was already September. Dusk was approaching. Anyone who has not seen the Kyiv autumn will never understand the tender charm of these hours.
The first star lights up in the heights. Autumn lush gardens silently wait for the night, knowing that the stars will definitely fall to the ground and the gardens will catch these stars, like in a hammock, in the thick of their foliage and lower them to the ground so carefully that no one in the city will even wake up or know about it. »

A month ago, my husband and I turned off the Internet and throughout August I didn’t know how to fill the information space.

I read newspapers and magazines in the evenings, and then I discovered the most curious thing for myself - in Okey (a chain of stores) there is a rack at the entrance where you can take any book you like or leave your own, which is no longer needed. And thanks to this book circulation, I came into contact with those books that under other circumstances would never have fallen into my hands. Not because they are not my format, but simply on the Internet there is so much stuff that makes my eyes run wild that it is no longer up to Soviet old books.

I took a book to Okay "You and me"(young family library 1988). This is a somewhat naive book for newlyweds, about love, about family life.

(Paustovsky and Prishvin are two Russian classics that we studied at school. They wrote a lot about nature).

So, at first I glanced through these letters, then I stopped and began to read.

Paustovsky went to the wilderness for inspiration, to the Ryazan region, or rather to Solotcha. And so he writes to his beloved Tatyana beautiful letters. About how he loves her more life etc.

I'm watching date - May 1945... It would seem that these letters should be filled military theme, the jubilation of victory, but there is no hint... One love, one feeling internal state souls. Somewhere I read a phrase a couple of years ago that In Leningrad there lived a couple in love who did not notice the Blockade. Maybe a real Leningrader who lived through the siege will not like this statement, but it seems very meaningful to me.

“It’s four o’clock in the morning, dead silence, only the clock is knocking... On the evening of September 24, I left for Solotcha. I didn't want to stay in Moscow. I wanted solitude - deaf, complete.

I received it beyond measure. I live alone in an empty, abandoned house... Endless cold nights... And all the nights for some reason Sologub’s poems do not leave my memory: “You can’t see a thing in the field. Someone is calling: “Help!” What can I do? I myself am poor, I am mortally tired - how can I help?... The garden outside the windows is already falling with rain, but there are still some small touching flowers left. Here's one of them. AND autumn leaves. This is not sentiment at all. You don’t have our autumn there... It’s three o’clock in the morning. Darkness, wind. I went out into the garden, it was deaf and scary, there were only huge stars in the black sky and fallen leaves rustling under my feet.”

In my opinion, leaving the city and staying on such an “island” with yourself is wonderful!

“On the third day I sent you a second telegram. Then I went into the meadows beyond the old riverbed of the Oka, to the so-called “Island”. (For God’s sake, don’t stop reading the letter at this point; it will be interesting later.) The island is huge, it is surrounded on all sides by water, the Oka River and its old riverbed. It was sunny, a blue day, and there was frost in the shadows. And since I kept thinking about one sweet woman who is now so far away, I wandered until dusk. In the evening I approached the old riverbed and saw that there was no bridge, it was flooded and water was rapidly flowing a meter above it. Only then did I find out that on the Oka, due to the end of navigation, all the locks were opened and the second flood of the Oka, which is usual here in late autumn, began. The water was rising before our eyes, I was alone on the island, it was far from Solotcha. It got dark, clouds gathered, the wind blew up, and thick snow began to fall. And there wasn’t a single haystack nearby. And it was freezing cold. And I realized that I had gotten myself into a very bad situation. And I thought about you all the time. Fortunately, I had matches, I hardly lit a fire, it was noticed from a distance in the evening from the other shore, and the red-haired peasant Lyukhin came for me in a canoe in the darkness and storm. He told me: “It’s a trump card that I noticed you, otherwise by morning the whole island will definitely flood.”

In the morning I looked out of the mezzanine windows - gray Oka water was flowing in waves where the island had been, and in hindsight I became scared. How can one not think about the strangeness of life.”

How reverently he spoke about his third wife Tatyana: " Tenderness, my only person, I swear on my life that such love (without boasting) has never existed in the world. It never was and never will be, all other love is nonsense and nonsense. Let it beat calmly and happily your heart, my heart! We will all be happy, everyone! I know and believe... “Probably only in nature such inspired thoughts, stories, images are born. In the city it is difficult to concentrate and write anything.

I often replace trips out of town with a good book (because going out of town is much harder than taking a book off the shelf). But now, while your daughter is little, you don’t really honor her. Therefore, looking back, I want to remember what books I liked, so that someday I could re-read them with my daughters.

First of all, I remember in the fall the story of Leonid Andreev “Bite”. I read it as a child and it stuck with me. It seems to me that it is useful for children to read this, it helps to form in them pity and compassion for our smaller brothers.

( A dog living in an empty country house sees only bad things from people all its life. The owners arrive at the dacha. The dog gets used to them, but in the fall they leave, leaving her alone again).

Platonov’s story “Cow” also seems to me to be autumnal, but this is a completely hopeless story, so I won’t talk about it here. I just think it needs to be read as a classic someday. At school, I think we took Platonov in 7th grade and this story shocked me.

And of course, autumn means Prishvin and my favorite “Pantry of the Sun”. About two independent brothers and sister. My brother fell into a swamp and almost died, but everything ended well.

While I was looking for an illustration I found it wonderful picture Rakhmanova Inessa “Pantry of the Sun”.

Prishvin has many short stories about the seasons, in particular about autumn.

“Short stories about the nature of the autumn season by Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin in the form of notes convey that touching mood of romance and pleasant sadness that hovers in nature in the fall. The first yellow leaves beautiful time golden autumn and the onset of cold weather, the events through which autumn nature, lovingly described in lines by a writer of Russian nature.”

Vitaly Bianchi, Garin-Mikhailovsky and many others also wrote about nature.

Of course, the autumn mood is conveyed to me in Astafiev’s prose, but there is less lyricism here And more adventures.

Particularly colorful pictures of nature in the film “Taiga Tale” (based on the work of Astafiev). Akimka comes to nature, to spend the winter in a small house, and there lies a dying city girl. Akimka got her out, but it took more than one month. And there are no medicines or help around... mother taiga...

In any case, autumn is the time of dreams, you want more warmth and love. “The colder and more hopeless the darkness outside, the more comfortable the warm soft light in the apartment seems. And if summer is the time to run away from home towards pipe dreams, That late fall- time to return." © Al Quotion

Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous
The air invigorates tired forces;
Fragile ice on a chilly river
It lies like melting sugar;

Near the forest, like in a soft bed,
You can get a good night's sleep - peace and space!
The leaves have not yet faded,
Yellow and fresh, they lie like a carpet.

Glorious autumn! Frosty nights,
clear, quiet days…
There is no ugliness in nature! And kochi,
And moss swamps and stumps -
Everything is fine under the moonlight,
Everywhere I recognize my native Rus'...
I fly quickly on cast iron rails,
I think my thoughts...

Analysis of the poem “Glorious Autumn” by Nekrasov

N. Nekrasov was convinced that the real calling of the poet is to protect the interests common people, a description of his troubles and sufferings, criticism of the unjust situation of the Russian peasantry. Therefore, in his work there are rarely pure lyrical works. But individual landscape sketches confirm Nekrasov’s enormous poetic skill. A small fragment from which the work begins “ Railway"(1864), can be separated into a separate whole poem "Glorious Autumn".

The poet describes the landscape that opens before his eyes from the window of the carriage. A fast-moving picture autumn forest makes him delighted. The lyrical hero regrets that he is watching her from the side and cannot breathe “vigorous air” and “sleep” on a carpet of fallen leaves.

Nekrasov loved to use figurative comparisons. IN this poem he compares the ice on the river with “melting sugar”, the leaves with a “soft bed”. One of the main advantages surrounding nature he considers “peace and space.” The endlessly changing forests, plains, and rivers are rarely disturbed by human sounds. This benign surrounding picture evokes in the soul lyrical hero peace and quiet bliss.

The invasion of railway transport can be considered a blasphemy against virgin nature, in which “there is no ugliness.” Nekrasov gradually leads the reader to the idea that the construction of the railway upset the fragile natural balance. Human suffering and grief rudely invaded the beautiful and pure world.

Remaining an ardent patriot of his land, the poet concludes: “I recognize my native Rus' everywhere.” For Nekrasov it was very important to emphasize nationality. He could not abstractly admire nature as a whole, making sure to point out its connection with the long-suffering Russian people. It is the surrounding beauty and harmony that leads the author to deep thoughts about the fate of those people who inhabit this land. He is especially outraged by the sharp contradiction between perfect nature and difficult situation Russian peasantry.

"Glorious Autumn" - superb example landscape lyrics of Nekrasov. Without even paying attention to this genre a lot of attention, the poet, in a burst of inspiration, could create surprisingly heartfelt and deeply lyrical poems.

Nikolai Nekrasov - Railway: Verse. Glorious autumn, healthy vigorous air invigorates tired forces

Railway - Nekrasov: read a poem, text of a poem by Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov

Vanya (in a coachman's jacket). Dad! who built this road?

Dad (in a coat with a red lining), Count Pyotr Andreevich Kleinmichel, darling!

Conversation in the carriage

Glorious autumn! Frosty nights, Clear, quiet days... There is no ugliness in nature! And kochi, and moss swamps, and stumps -

It was he who drove the masses of people here. Many are in terrible fight, to life Having called upon these barren wilds, they found a coffin here for themselves.

Chu! menacing exclamations were heard! Stomping and gnashing of teeth; A shadow ran across the frosty glass... What was there? Crowd of the dead!

Sometimes they overtake the cast-iron road, sometimes they run sideways. Do you hear the singing?.. “On this moonlit night, we love to see our work!

The literate foremen robbed us, the authorities flogged us, the need pressed on us... We, God's warriors, endured everything, Peaceful children of labor!

Brothers! You are reaping our fruits! We are destined to rot in the earth... Do you remember all of us, the poor, with kindness, or have you long forgotten us?..”

Do not be horrified by their wild singing! From Volkhov, from Mother Volga, from Oka, From different ends of the great state - These are all your brothers - men!

Don’t be shy for your dear fatherland... I’ve endured enough Russian people He took out this railway too - He will take out everything that God sends!

Representatives of Russian tribes and breeds suddenly appeared - and he told me: “Here they are, the builders of our road!” The general laughed!

“Your Slav, Anglo-Saxon and German Do not create - destroy masters, Barbarians! a wild crowd of drunkards!.. However, it’s time to take care of Vanyusha;

You know, it’s a sin to outrage a child’s heart with the spectacle of death and sadness. You should now show the child the Bright Side...”

Glad to show you! Listen, my dear: the fatal labors are over - the German is already laying the rails. The dead are buried in the ground; the sick are hidden in dugouts; working people

The foremen wrote everything down in a book - Whether he took it to the bathhouse or was lying sick: “Maybe there is a surplus here now, But here you go!..” They waved their hand...

With God, now go home - congratulations! (Hats off - if I say!) I put out a barrel of wine to the workers And - I give the arrears!.."

Someone shouted “hurray”. They picked it up Louder, more friendly, more drawn out... Lo and behold: the foremen were rolling the barrel with a song... Here even the lazy one could not resist!

The people unharnessed the horses and the merchants with a cry of “Hurray!” rushed along the road... It seems difficult to draw a more gratifying picture, General?..

Analysis of the poem “The Railway” by Nekrasov

The overwhelming part of Nekrasov’s work is dedicated to the ordinary Russian people, describing their troubles and suffering. He believed that a real poet should not escape reality into romantic illusions. Poem "Railroad" - shining example civil lyrics poet. It was written in 1864 and dedicated to the construction of the Nikolaev railway (1843-1851).

The railway between St. Petersburg and Moscow became a grandiose project. He significantly raised the authority of Russia, reduced the gap with developed European countries.

At the same time, construction was carried out using backward methods. The labor of state and serf peasants was actually slave labor. The state did not take the victims into account; many people died doing hard physical work in unbearable conditions.

The introduction to the work is Nekrasov’s subtle irony. The general calls the builder of the railway not the powerless mass of workers, but Count Kleinmichel, famous for his cruelty.

The first part of the poem - lyrical description beautiful view opening before the eyes of train passengers. Nekrasov lovingly depicts the landscape of his “native Rus'”. In the second part there is a sharp change. The narrator shows the general's son scary picture construction of a railway that he prefers not to see high society. Behind the movement towards progress are thousands of peasant lives. From all over vast Rus', peasants were gathered here by the “real king” - hunger. Titanic work, like many large-scale Russian projects, literally covered with human bones.

The third part is the opinion of a self-confident general, symbolizing the stupidity and limitations of high society. He believes that illiterate and always drunk men have no value. Only the highest creations of human art are important. In this thought one can easily discern opponents of Nekrasov’s views on the role of the creator in the life of society.

At the request of the general, the narrator shows Vanya the “bright side” of construction. The work is completed, the dead are buried, it’s time to take stock. Russia is proving to the world its progressive development. The Emperor and high society are triumphant. Construction site managers and merchants made significant profits. The workers were rewarded... with a barrel of wine and forgiveness of accumulated fines. A timid exclamation of “Hurray!” picked up by the crowd.

The picture of universal final rejoicing is incredibly bitter and sad. Long-suffering Russian people deceived again. The symbolic price of a grandiose construction project (a third of the annual budget Russian Empire), which claimed thousands of lives, was expressed for ordinary workers in a barrel of vodka. They cannot appreciate the real meaning of their work, and therefore they are grateful and happy.

rustih.ru

Poems by Nekrasov, Railway

Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous Air invigorates tired forces; The fragile ice lies on the chilly river, like melting sugar;

Near the forest, as if in a soft bed, you can sleep - peace and space! The leaves have not yet had time to fade, They are yellow and fresh, like a carpet.

Glorious autumn! Frosty nights, Clear, quiet days... There is no ugliness in nature! And kochi, and moss swamps, and stumps -

Everything is fine under the moonlight, I recognize my native Rus' everywhere... I quickly fly along cast-iron rails, I think my thoughts...

Good dad! Why keep Smart Vanya in his charm? Let me show him the truth in the moonlight.

This work, Vanya, was terribly enormous and beyond the capabilities of one person! There is a king in the world: this king is merciless, Hunger is his name.

He leads armies; Rules ships at sea; herds people into the artel, walks behind the plow, stands behind the shoulders of the stonemasons and weavers.

It was he who drove the masses of people here. Many - in a terrible struggle, calling these barren wilds to life, found a coffin here for themselves.

The road is straight: narrow embankments, posts, rails, bridges. And on the sides there are all Russian bones... So many of them! Vanechka, do you know?

Chu! menacing exclamations were heard! Stomping and gnashing of teeth; A shadow ran across the frosty glass... What's there? Crowd of the dead!

Either they overtake the cast-iron road, or they run sideways. Do you hear the singing?.. “On this moonlit night, We love to see our work!

We toiled under the heat, under the cold, With our backs always bent, We lived in dugouts, fought against hunger, We were cold and wet, we suffered from scurvy.

The literate foremen robbed us, the bosses flogged us, the need pressed... We, God's warriors, endured everything, Peaceful children of labor!

Brothers! You are reaping our benefits! We are destined to rot in the earth... Do you remember all of us, the poor, kindly, or have you long forgotten us?..”

Do not be horrified by their wild singing! From Volkhov, from mother Volga, from Oka, from different ends of the great state - These are all your brothers - men!

It’s a shame to be timid, to cover yourself with a glove, You’re not little anymore!.. Russian hair, You see, standing, exhausted with fever, a tall, sick Belarusian:

Bloodless lips, drooping eyelids, Ulcers on skinny arms, Standing forever in knee-deep water, Legs swollen; tangles in hair;

I'm digging into my chest, which I've been diligently leaning on the spade all my life, day after day... Look at him, Vanya, carefully: It was hard for the man to earn his bread!

He hasn’t straightened his hunchbacked back even now: he’s stupidly silent And with a mechanically rusty shovel he’s hammering away at the frozen ground!

It wouldn’t be a bad thing for us to adopt this noble habit of work... Bless the people’s work And learn to respect the peasant.

Don’t be shy for your dear fatherland... The Russian people have endured enough, They have also endured this railway road - They will endure everything that God sends!

He will endure everything - and pave a wide, clear path for himself. It’s just a pity - I won’t have to live in this beautiful time - neither for me nor for you.

At that moment a deafening whistle squealed - the crowd of the dead disappeared! “Dad, I saw an amazing dream,” Vanya said, “five thousand men,

Representatives of Russian tribes and breeds suddenly appeared - and he told me: “Here they are, the builders of our road!..” The general laughed!

“I was recently within the walls of the Vatican, I wandered around the Colosseum for two nights, I saw St. Stephen in Vienna, Well... did the people create all this?

Excuse me for this impudent laugh, your logic is a little wild. Or is Apollo Belvedere worse than a stove pot for you?

Here are your people - these thermal baths and baths, a miracle of art - they took everything away! - “I’m not speaking for you, but for Vanya...” But the general did not allow him to object:

“Your Slav, Anglo-Saxon and German Do not create - destroy the master, Barbarians! a wild crowd of drunkards!.. However, it’s time to take care of Vanyusha;

You know, it’s a sin to outrage a child’s heart with the sight of death and sadness. You should now show the child the Light Side..."

Glad to show you! Listen, my dear: the fatal labors are over - the German is already laying the rails. The dead are buried in the ground; the sick are hidden in dugouts; working people

They gathered in a tight crowd at the office... They scratched their heads tightly: Everyone owes the contractor a stay, Absentee days have become a penny!

The foremen wrote everything down in a book - Whether he took it to the bathhouse, or was lying sick: “Maybe there is a surplus here now, But here you go!..” They waved their hand...

In a blue caftan - a venerable meadowsweet, Fat, stocky, red as copper, A contractor is riding along the line on a holiday, Going to see his work.

The idle people make way decorously... The merchant wipes the sweat from his face and says, with his arms akimbo, in a dramatic manner: “Okay... that’s fine... well done!.. well done!..

With God, now go home - congratulations! (Hats off - if I say!) I put out a barrel of wine to the workers And - I give the arrears!..”

Someone shouted “hurray”. They picked it up Louder, more friendly, more drawn out... Lo and behold: The foremen were rolling the barrel with a song... Here even the lazy one could not resist!

The people unharnessed the horses - and the merchant's property With a cry of "Hurray!" rushed along the road... It seems difficult to draw a more gratifying picture, general?..

philosofiya.ru

Railway | Poems of the classics

Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous Air invigorates tired forces; The fragile ice on the icy river lies like melting sugar;

Near the forest, as if in a soft bed, You can sleep well - peace and space! The leaves have not yet had time to fade, They lie yellow and fresh, like a carpet.

Glorious autumn! Frosty nights, Clear, quiet days... There is no ugliness in nature! And kochi, and moss swamps, and stumps -

Everything is fine under the moonlight, I recognize my native Rus' everywhere... I quickly fly along cast-iron rails, I think my thoughts...

Good dad! Why keep the charm of Smart Vanya? Allow me to show him the truth in the moonlight.

This work, Vanya, was terribly enormous - It’s not enough for one person! There is a king in the world: this king is merciless, Hunger is his name.

He leads armies; at sea by ships Rules; herds people into the artel, walks behind the plow, stands behind the shoulders of stonemasons and weavers.

It was he who drove the masses of people here. Many are in terrible struggle, in life Having called upon these barren wilds, they found a coffin here for themselves.

The road is straight: narrow embankments, bollards, rails, bridges. And on the sides there are all Russian bones... How many of them! Vanechka, do you know?

Chu, menacing exclamations were heard! Stomping and gnashing of teeth; A shadow ran across the frosty glass... What was there? Crowd of the dead!

Sometimes they overtake the cast-iron road, sometimes they run sideways. Do you hear the singing?... “On this moonlit night, We love to see our work!

We toiled under the heat, under the cold, With our backs always bent, We lived in dugouts, fought against hunger, We were cold and wet, we suffered from scurvy.

The literate foremen robbed us, the bosses flogged us, the need was pressing... We, God's warriors, have endured everything, Peaceful children of labor!

Brothers! You are reaping our fruits! We are destined to rot in the earth... Do you remember all of us, the poor, with kindness, or have you long forgotten us?..."

Don’t be horrified by their wild singing! From the Volkhov, from Mother Volga, from the Oka, From different ends of the great state - That’s all! your brothers are men!

It’s a shame to be timid, to cover yourself with a glove, You’re no longer small!.. With Russian hair, You see, standing, exhausted with fever, A tall, sick Belarusian:

Bloodless lips, drooping eyelids, Ulcers on skinny arms, Standing forever in knee-deep water, Legs swollen; tangles in hair;

I'm digging into my chest, which I've been diligently leaning on the spade all my life, day after day... Take a closer look at him, Vanya: It was hard for the man to earn his bread!

He hasn’t straightened his hunchbacked back even now: he’s stupidly silent And with a mechanical rusty shovel he’s hammering away at the frozen ground!

It wouldn’t be a bad thing for us to adopt this noble habit of work... Bless the people’s work And learn to respect the peasant.

Don’t be shy for your dear fatherland... The Russian people have endured enough, They have endured this railway road - They will endure everything that God sends!

He will endure everything - and he will pave a wide, clear path for himself. It’s just a pity - neither I nor you will have to live in this beautiful time.

At that moment, a deafening whistle squealed - the crowd of the dead disappeared! “I saw, dad, an amazing dream,” Vanya said, “five thousand men,

Representatives of Russian tribes and breeds suddenly appeared - and he said to me: “Here they are, the builders of our road!..”” The general laughed!

“I was recently within the walls of the Vatican, I wandered around the Colosseum for two nights, I saw St. Stephen in Vienna, Well... did the people create all this?

Excuse me for this impudent laugh, Your logic is a little wild. Or is Apollo Belvedere worse for you than a stove pot?

Here are your people - these thermal baths and baths, a miracle of art - they took everything away!

Your Slav, Anglo-Saxon and German Do not create - destroy masters, Barbarians! a wild crowd of drunkards!.. However, it’s time to take care of Vanyusha;

You know, it’s a sin to outrage a child’s heart with the spectacle of death and sadness. Now would you show the child the Bright Side...

Glad to show you! Listen, my dear: the fatal labors are over - the German is already laying the rails. The dead are buried in the ground; the sick are hidden in dugouts; working people

They gathered in a tight crowd at the office... They were scratching their heads: Every contractor owes a stay, Absentee days have become a penny!

The foremen wrote everything down in a book - Whether he took it to the bathhouse or was sick. “Maybe there is a surplus here now, but here you go!..” - they waved their hand...

In a blue caftan - a venerable meadowsweet, Fat, squat, red as copper, A contractor is riding along the line on a holiday, Going to see his work.

The idle people make way decorously... The merchant wipes the sweat from his face and says, with his arms akimbo, in a picturesque manner: “Okay... nothing... well done!.. well done!..

With God, now go home - congratulations! (Hats off - if I say!) I put out a barrel of wine to the workers And - I give the arrears ... "

Someone shouted “hurray”, They picked it up Louder, more friendly, longer... Lo and behold: With the song, the foremen rolled the barrel... Here even the lazy one could not resist!

The people unharnessed the horses - and the merchant raced along the road with a shout of “Hurray”... It seems difficult to draw a more gratifying picture, General?..

stihi-klassikov.ru

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov - Railway

verses.skvalex.com

Nekrasov Nikolay - Railway. Listen online

One of Nekrasov’s most powerful poems about the people is “The Railway.” The event that prompted the plot of the poem was the construction of the railway between St. Petersburg and Moscow, completed in 1851. However, the poem reflected more big picture unscrupulous and inhuman exploitation of the people. Count Kleinmichel, the chief manager of communications, did not hesitate to destroy peasant lives in order to quickly complete the construction of the Nikolaev railway. This attitude towards the people was characteristic of a huge number of industrialists and tsarist officials.

Vanya (in a coachman's jacket). Dad! who built this road? Dad (in a coat with a red lining). Count Pyotr Andreevich Kleinmichel, my dear! Conversation in the carriage I Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous Air invigorates tired forces; The fragile ice on the chilly river lies like melting sugar; Near the forest, as in a soft bed, You can sleep - peace and space! The leaves have not yet had time to fade, Yellow and fresh they lie like a carpet. Glorious autumn! Frosty nights, Clear, quiet days... There is no ugliness in nature! And kochi, And moss swamps, and stumps - Everything is fine under the moonlight, Everywhere I recognize my native Rus'... I fly quickly on cast-iron rails, I think my thoughts...............

Ilyinsky Igor Vladimirovich. July 11 (24), 1901, Moscow - January 13, 1987, Moscow. Soviet artist theater and cinema, master artistic word, director.

teatr.audio

Poem Railway Nikolai Nekrasov

Railway

Vanya (in the coachman's Armenian jacket).

Dad! who built this road?

Papa (in a coat with a red lining),

Count Pyotr Andreevich Kleinmichel, my dear!

Conversation in the carriage

Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous

The air invigorates tired forces;

Fragile ice on the icy river

It lies like melting sugar;

Near the forest, like in a soft bed,

You can get a good night's sleep - peace and space!

The leaves have not yet had time to fade,

Yellow and fresh, they lie like a carpet.

Glorious autumn! Frosty nights

Clear, quiet days...

There is no ugliness in nature! And kochi,

And moss swamps and stumps -

Everything is fine under the moonlight,

Everywhere I recognize my native Rus'...

I fly quickly on cast iron rails,

I think my thoughts...

Good dad! Why the charm?

Should I keep Vanya the smart one?

You will allow me in the moonlight

Show him the truth.

This work, Vanya, was terribly enormous

Not enough for one!

There is a king in the world: this king is merciless,

Hunger is its name.

He leads armies; at sea by ships

Rules; rounds up people in the artel,

Walks behind the plow, stands behind

Stonemasons, weavers.

It was he who drove the masses of people here.

Many are in a terrible struggle,

Having brought these barren wilds back to life,

They found a coffin for themselves here.

The path is straight: the embankments are narrow,

Columns, rails, bridges.

And on the sides there are all Russian bones...

How many of them! Vanechka, do you know?

Chu! menacing exclamations were heard!

Stomping and gnashing of teeth;

A shadow ran across the frosty glass...

What's there? Crowd of the dead!

Then they overtake the cast-iron road,

They run in different directions.

Do you hear singing?.. “On this moonlit night

We love to see your work!

We struggled under the heat, under the cold,

With an ever-bent back,

They lived in dugouts, fought hunger,

They were cold and wet and suffered from scurvy.

The literate foremen robbed us,

The authorities flogged me, the need was pressing...

We, God's warriors, have endured everything,

Peaceful children of labor!

Brothers! You are reaping our benefits!

We are destined to rot in the earth...

Do you still remember us poor people kindly?

Or have you forgotten a long time ago?..”

Do not be horrified by their wild singing!

From Volkhov, from Mother Volga, from Oka,

From different ends of the great state -

These are all your brothers - men!

It's a shame to be timid, to cover yourself with a glove,

You're not little!.. With Russian hair,

You see, he’s standing there, exhausted by fever,

Tall sick Belarusian:

Bloodless lips, drooping eyelids,

Ulcers on skinny arms

Always standing in knee-deep water

The legs are swollen; tangles in hair;

I'm digging into my chest, which I diligently put on the spade

Day after day I worked hard all my life...

Take a closer look at him, Vanya:

Man earned his bread with difficulty!

I didn’t straighten my hunchbacked back

He is still: stupidly silent

And mechanically with a rusty shovel

It's hammering the frozen ground!

This noble habit of work

It would be a good idea for us to share with you...

Bless the work of the people

And learn to respect a man.

Don’t be shy for your dear fatherland...

The Russian people have endured enough

He took out this railway too -

He will endure whatever God sends!

Will endure everything - and a wide, clear

He will pave the way for himself with his chest.

It’s just a pity to live in this wonderful time

You won’t have to, neither me nor you.

At this moment the whistle is deafening

He squealed - the crowd of dead people disappeared!

“Dad, I saw an amazing dream,”

Vanya said, “five thousand men,”

Representatives of Russian tribes and breeds

Suddenly they appeared - and he said to me:

“Here they are – the builders of our road!..”

The general laughed!

“I was recently within the walls of the Vatican,

I wandered around the Colosseum for two nights,

I saw St. Stephen in Vienna,

Well... did the people create all this?

Excuse me for this impudent laugh,

Your logic is a little wild.

Or for you Apollo Belvedere

Worse than a stove pot?

Here are your people - these thermal baths and baths,

It’s a miracle of art - he took everything away!” –

“I’m not speaking for you, but for Vanya...”

But the general did not allow him to object:

“Your Slav, Anglo-Saxon and German

Do not create - destroy the master,

Barbarians! wild bunch of drunkards!..

However, it’s time to take care of Vanyusha;

You know, the spectacle of death, sadness

It is a sin to disturb a child's heart.

Would you show the child now?

The bright side..."

Glad to show you!

Listen, my dear: fatal works

It’s over - the German is already laying the rails.

The dead are buried in the ground; sick

Hidden in dugouts; working people

A tight crowd gathered around the office...

They scratched their heads:

Every contractor must stay,

Walking days have become a penny!

The foremen entered everything into a book -

Did you take to the bathhouse, did you lie sick:

“Maybe there is a surplus here now,

Here you go!..” They waved their hand...

In a blue caftan - a venerable meadowsweet,

Thick, squat, red as copper,

A contractor is traveling along the line on holiday,

He goes to see his work.

The idle people part decorously...

The merchant wipes the sweat from his face

And he says, putting his hands on his hips:

“Okay... nothing... well done!.. well done!..

With God, now go home - congratulations!

(Hats off - if I say!)

I expose a barrel of wine to the workers

And - I give you the arrears!..”

Someone shouted “hurray”. Picked up

Louder, friendlier, longer... Lo and behold:

The foremen rolled the barrel singing...

Even the lazy man could not resist!

The people unharnessed the horses - and the merchant property

With a shout of “Hurray!” rushed along the road...

It seems difficult to see a more gratifying picture

Shall I draw, general?..

www.zdesotvety.ru

Nekrasov N.A. Railway

Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous 1 The air invigorates tired forces; The fragile ice on the icy river lies like melting sugar;

Near the forest, as if in a soft bed, You can sleep well - peace and space! The leaves have not yet had time to fade, They lie yellow and fresh, like a carpet.

Glorious autumn! Frosty nights, Clear, quiet days... There is no ugliness in nature! And kochi, 2 And moss swamps, and stumps -

Everything is fine under the moonlight, I recognize my native Rus' everywhere... I quickly fly along cast-iron rails, I think my thoughts...

Good dad! Why keep the charm of 3 Clever Vanya? Allow me to show him the truth in the moonlight.

This work, Vanya, was terribly enormous, beyond the strength of one! There is a king in the world: this king is merciless, Hunger is his name.

He leads armies; at sea by ships Rules; herds people into the artel, walks behind the plow, stands behind the shoulders of stonemasons and weavers.

It was he who drove the masses of people here. Many - in a terrible struggle, calling these barren wilds to life, found a coffin here for themselves.

The road is straight: narrow embankments, bollards, rails, bridges. And on the sides there are all Russian bones... How many of them! Vanechka, do you know?

Chu! menacing exclamations were heard! Stomping and gnashing of teeth; A shadow ran across the frosty glass... What was there? Crowd of the dead!

Sometimes they overtake the cast-iron road, sometimes they run sideways. Do you hear the singing?.. “On this moonlit night, we love to see our work!

We toiled under the heat, under the cold, With our backs always bent, We lived in dugouts, fought against hunger, We were cold and wet, we suffered from scurvy.

We were robbed by literate foremen, 4 The authorities flogged us, need was pressing... We, God’s warriors, endured everything, Peaceful children of labor!

Brothers! You are reaping our fruits! We are destined to rot in the earth... Do you remember all of us, the poor, with kindness, or have you long forgotten us?..”

Do not be horrified by their wild singing! From Volkhov, from Mother Volga, from Oka, From different ends of the great state - These are all your brothers - men!

It’s a shame to be timid, to cover yourself with a glove, You’re no longer small!.. With Russian hair, You see, standing, exhausted with fever, A tall, sick Belarusian:

Bloodless lips, drooping eyelids, Ulcers on skinny arms, Standing forever in knee-deep water, Legs swollen; tangle5 in hair;

I'm digging into my chest, which I've been diligently leaning on the spade all my life, day after day... Take a closer look at him, Vanya: It was hard for the man to earn his bread!

He hasn’t straightened his hunchbacked back even now: he’s stupidly silent And with a mechanical rusty shovel he’s hammering away at the frozen ground!

It wouldn’t be a bad thing for us to adopt this noble habit of work... Bless the people’s work And learn to respect the peasant.

Don’t be shy for your dear fatherland... The Russian people have endured enough, They have also endured this railway road - They will endure everything that God sends!

He will endure everything - and he will pave a wide, clear path for himself. It’s just a pity - neither I nor you will have to live in this beautiful time.

At that moment, a deafening whistle squealed - the crowd of the dead disappeared! “Dad, I saw an amazing dream,” Vanya said, “five thousand men,

Representatives of Russian tribes and breeds suddenly appeared - and he told me: “Here they are, the builders of our road!” The general laughed!

“I was recently within the walls of the Vatican, 7 I wandered around the Colosseum for two nights, I saw St. Stephen in Vienna, 9 Well... did the people create all this?

Excuse me for this impudent laugh, Your logic is a little wild. Or is Apollo Belvedere10 worse for you than a stove pot?

Here are your people - these thermal baths11 and baths, a miracle of art - they took everything away!

“Your Slav, Anglo-Saxon and German Do not create - destroy the master, Barbarians! A wild crowd of 12 drunkards!.. However, it’s time to take care of Vanyusha;

You know, it’s a sin to outrage a child’s heart with the spectacle of death and sadness. You should now show the child the Bright Side..."

Glad to show you! Listen, my dear: the fatal labors are over - the German is already laying the rails. The dead are buried in the ground; the sick are hidden in dugouts; working people

They gathered in a tight crowd at the office... They were scratching their heads: Every contractor owes 13 days to stay, Absentee days have become a penny!

The foremen wrote everything down in a book - Whether he took it to the bathhouse or was lying sick: “Maybe there is a surplus here now, But here you go!..” They waved their hand...

In a blue caftan - a venerable meadowsweet, 14 Fat, squat, red as copper, A contractor is riding along the line on a holiday, Going to see his work.

The idle people make way decorously... The merchant wipes the sweat from his face and says, with his arms akimbo in a dramatic manner: “Okay... that’s fine... well done!.. well done!..

With God, now go home - congratulations! (Hats off - if I say!) I put out a barrel of wine to the workers And - I give the arrears!.."

Someone shouted “hurray”. They picked it up Louder, more friendly, longer... Lo and behold: The foremen were rolling the barrel with a song... Here even the lazy one could not resist!

The people unharnessed the horses - and the merchant with a cry of "Hurray!" rushed along the road... It seems difficult to draw a more gratifying picture, General?..

literatura5.narod.ru

TRAILS- words and expressions used by the author of the text in a figurative meaning.

EPITHET- this is a figurative definition that answers the question what? which? which? which? and usually expressed by an adjective. The epithet differs from the usual definition in its artistic expressiveness; it conveys the author’s feeling for the depicted object, creating a living, vivid idea of ​​it.

Throughwavy the moon creeps through the fogs,sad the glade sheds a sad light. (A.S. Pushkin)

PERSONALIZATION- attribution of human qualities, actions, emotions to objects, nature, abstract concepts.

Storm the sky is covered with darkness, snow whirlwinds are spinning: then like a beast, she will howl, thenwill cry like a child (A.S. Pushkin)

The earth sleeps in a blue glow (M.Yu. Lermontov)

COMPARISON- comparison of two objects or phenomena in order to explain one of them with the help of the other, to identify new important properties in the object of comparison. Most often, comparisons are introduced into a sentence with the help of conjunctions AS, EXACTLY, AS WELL, AS IF.

The ice is fragile on the icy river,like melting sugar lies (N.A. Nekrasov)

METAPHOR- transfer of properties from one object to another based on their similarity

The basis of a metaphor is a comparison, but it is not formalized using comparative conjunctions, which is why the metaphor is called a hidden comparison.

A metaphor can easily be converted into a comparison using the words AS, LIKE, SIMILAR.

Empty skies transparent glass;

The Crimson Fire of Sunset (I.A. Bunin)

(The skies are clear as glass = transparent glass of heaven; Sunset is like a crimson bonfire = crimson bonfire of sunset)

METONYMY- allegorical designation of the subject of speech, “renaming”, replacement of one concept with another that has a causal connection with it

A) the name of the vessel is used to mean what is contained in this vessel;

C) the name of the place of action replaces the name of the people who are in this place;

D) a detail of appearance or clothing is used instead of a person’s name.

All flags will visit us (A.S. Pushkin) (that is, the port city will receive ships with flags of all countries of the world.)

I ate three plates (I. A. Krylov)

I drank the whole bottle.

I read Apuleius willingly, but did not read Cicero (A.S. Pushkin).

I read all of Turgenev.

Violent Rome rejoices (M.Yu. Lermontov)

Gray helmets with a red star shouted to the white crowd: “Stop!” (V.V. Mayakovsky)

SYNECDOCHE- a type of metonymy when the name of a part is used instead of the name of the whole or vice versa

A) singular used instead of plural;

B) the plural is used instead of the singular;

C) a generic concept instead of a specific one;

D) a specific concept instead of a generic one.

And you could hear it until dawn, right?forged by a Frenchman. (M.Yu. Lermontov)

We all look at Napoleons. (A.S. Pushkin)

Well, sit down, it was shining (i.e. the sun). (V. Mayakovsky)

Most of all, save a penny (i.e. money). (N.V. Gogol)

HYPERBOLA- excessive exaggeration of certain properties of the depicted object

A yawn tears wider than Mexi's mouthKansky Bay (V.V. Mayakovsky)

The sunset glowed with a hundred thousand suns (V.V. Mayakovsky).

LITOTES- excessive understatement of the properties of the depicted object or phenomenon

Your Pomeranian, your lovely Pomeranian, is no bigger than a thimble! (A.S. Griboedov)

IRONY- hidden ridicule; using a word or expression in a contrary sense to its literal meaning

Why, smart one, are you delirious, head? (address to the donkey in I. Krylov’s fable).

PERIPHRASE- Descriptive speech, replacing the name of an object or phenomenon with a description of their distinctive features or an indication of character traits. Used to avoid speech repetition.

King of beasts (instead of lion) Our little brothers (instead of animals)

Techniques- special syntactic constructions that give expressiveness to speech (often figures of speech):

ANTITHESIS (CONTRASTITION)- a sharp contrast of concepts, thoughts, images. Antithesis is often created using antonyms.

You are also poor, You are also abundant, You are also powerful, You are also powerless, Mother Russia! (N. Nekrasov)

INVERSION- arrangement of the members of a sentence in a special order, violating the usual, direct order, in order to enhance the expressiveness of speech, reverse word order.

It was a shame, they were waiting for a fight (M.Yu. Lermontov)

GRADATION- sequential arrangement of words or expressions in order of their increasing (less often decreasing) meaning (semantic or emotional). A chain of concepts or definitions with a gradual increase or decrease in importance.

Glowed, burned, shone huge blue eyes.

All facets of feelings, all facets of truth

Erasedin worlds, in years, in hours. (A. Bely)

OXYMORON- a contrasting combination of words that have opposite meanings.

Dead souls, living corpse, sad joy, sweet bitterness of memories

PARCELLATION- an artistic technique consisting of dividing a sentence into separate fragments that represent incomplete sentences, a deliberate violation of the boundaries of the sentence; dividing one sentence using periods into several parts - two or more.

And all the Kuznetsky Bridge and the eternal French... Destroyers of pockets and hearts! When the Creator will deliver usFrom their hats! Cheptsov! And stilettos! And pins! (A. S. Griboyedov)

This happened a long time ago. A long time ago. Anna was in trouble. Big.

ANAPHORA- unity of beginning, repetition of words at the beginning of lines or at the beginning of sentences.

Wait me and I'll be back.

Just wait a lot.

Wait, when they make you sad

Yellow rains,

Wait, when the snow is swept away,

Wait, when it's hot,

Wait, when others are not expected,

Forgetting yesterday. (K. Simonov)

EPIPHORA- repetition of words at the end of lines or at the end of sentences.

I don't know,where is the border

Between North and South

I don't know,where is the border

Between comrade and friend! (M. Svetlov)

I would like to know why Ititular advisor? Why exactlytitular advisor? ELLIPSIS- omission of the predicate, giving dynamism to speech.

We sat down in ashes, hailstones in dust. (V. Zhukovsky)

LEXICAL REPEAT- deliberate repetition of the same word or phrase to enhance the emotionality and expressiveness of the statement.

It seemed that everything in nature was asleep:sleeping grass,slept trees,slept clouds!

QUESTION AND ANSWER FORM OF PRESENTATION- a form of presentation in which questions and answers alternate. What to do? Don't know. Who to ask for advice? Unknown.

SYNTACTIC PARALLELISM- identical syntactic construction of neighboring sentences. People learn Knowledge. People learn Memory. People learn Conscience. (According to Yu. Lotman)

CITATION- use of quotes in the text.

There is such a beautiful saying: “Patience is beautiful” (According to N. Gorlanova)

Syntactic means of expression:

RANKS OF HOMOGENEOUS MEMBERS OF A SENTENCE - one or more rows of homogeneous members in a sentence.

For example, in the sentence “And the years passed quickly and silently and took these memories with them,” there are two rows of homogeneous members: 1) predicates: "they went and carried away" 2) circumstances: "quickly and silently"

INTRODUCTORY WORDS - words (phrases) that are not grammatically related to the sentence.

For example, in the sentence “So, “honor is the internal moral dignity of a person, valor, honesty, nobility of soul and clear conscience”” the introductory word is So - indicates the connection of thoughts in the text.

APPEAL - a word or combination of words that names a person (sometimes an object) to whom speech is directed.

For example, in the sentence “Guys, isn’t Moscow behind us?” (M.Yu. Lermontov) the address is the word "Guys".

RHETORICAL APPEAL - not only names the person to whom speech is addressed, but at the same time can convey expressive and emotional relationships.

For example, in the sentence “Dreams, dreams! Where is your sweetness” (A.S. Pushkin) the rhetorical appeal is - Dreams Dreams(inanimate noun)

or in the sentence “What’s wrong, martin, to the window, what, freestyle, are you singing?" (A. Delvig) appeals " swallow", "free", they name the one who does not respond to an appeal to him.

EXCLAMATIVE SENTENCES - sentences that are pronounced with a special exclamatory intonation.

For example, "Duel!"

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES - sentences that are interrogative for the purpose of the statement, pronounced with a special interrogative intonation.

For example, “What about Pushkin?”

A RHETORICAL QUESTION - a question that does not require an answer, a statement or denial expressed in the form of an interrogative sentence.

For example, “Wealth is good to have; But should anyone dare to be proud of it?” (A. Sumarokov)

COMPARATIVE TURNOVER - one of the brightest expressive means Russian language. It is used to compare an object or characteristic with another object or characteristic.

For example, “Shadows as black as pitch lay on the grass” (A.N. Tolstoy)

CONVERSATIONAL SYNTACTIC CONSTRUCTIONS characteristic of colloquial speech, more often these are incomplete sentences or constructed in violation of syntactic norms.

For example, “Grish, oh Grish! Look, a little pig... Laughing... Yes. And in his mouth!.. Look, look... a blade of grass in his mouth, by God, a blade of grass!.. What a thing!” (A.I. Kuprin)

NAME OFFERS - one-part sentences, in the grammatical basis of which there is only one main member of the sentence - the subject.

For example, “And I kept looking at the cement cone, re-reading the names again. Pravednikov G.A., private. Proskurin S.M., private. Pyzhov A.S., lieutenant. Rogachev M.V., junior sergeant. Rodionov N.I., private... "(E. Nosov)

Phonetic means of expression.

Sound recording- playing with sounds to enhance expressiveness.

ASSONANCE- repetition of the same vowel sounds in poetic speech.

I fly quickly along cast iron rails. I think my thoughts. (N. NotKrasov)

ALLITERATION- repetition of identical consonant sounds in poetic speech.

The frost-drunk puddles are crunchy and fragile, like crystal. (AND.Northerner)

Lexical means of expression:

SYNONYMS- words that are close in meaning.

Mysweet and tender beast.

CONTEXT SYNONYMS- words that are similar in meaning only in this text(outside the text they have no similarities in lexical meaning).

His heavy body is filledflexible, animalistic grace (M. Sholokhov).

ANTONYMS- words with opposite meanings.

You Andmighty , You andpowerless , Mother-Rus! (N. A. Nekrasov)

CONTEXT ANTONYMS- words that are opposed in meaning only to the given text.

Millions - you. Us- darkness, and darkness, and darkness (A. Blok).

For you -centuries, for us -one hour. (A. Blok).

PHRASEOLOGISTS- stable combinations of words, understood not literally, but figuratively.

Far away, work carelessly.

DIALECTISM- words used only by residents of a particular area (dialect translated from Greek means “local dialect”): in some Russian villages towel they call it differently towel, squirrel - vekshey, hare - uskan, wolf - Biryuk.

Found in the ravinesroe . (= snakes) (According to I.S. Turgenev)

TERMS - words or combinations of words denoting a concept used in science, technology, or art. IN fiction terms are used more often as a means of creating speech characteristics of characters.

One day, when winter ended andantifreeze was no longer needed in the car, I opened the tap, and all the liquid came outradiator spilled onto the ground, onto the lawn under the windows of our village house. (V. Soloukhin)

INDIVIDUAL-AUTHOR'S WORDS (OCCASIONALISM) - words that are the word creation of a writer or poet. They are created with a specific stylistic purpose and constitute the writer’s vocabulary. They should be distinguished from neologisms proper.

They sat in front of me in their filthy overalls, but their fashionable haircuts were visible, they used words at the levelhighest education, it was difficult and interesting to talk with them. (D. Granin)COLLABILITIES - words characteristic of a colloquial style of speech, often rude words that do not correspond to standardized literary speech.

Why should I shout: "Hey, let's go to the buffet,let's eat , or something!" (S. Lvov)

BOOK VOCABULARY – words of high style. Arise, prophet, and see, and heed... Selflessness, duty...

“Glorious Autumn” Nikolai Nekrasov

Glorious autumn! Healthy, vigorous
The air invigorates tired forces;
Fragile ice on a chilly river
It lies like melting sugar;

Near the forest, like in a soft bed,
You can get a good night's sleep - peace and space!
The leaves have not yet faded,
Yellow and fresh, they lie like a carpet.

Glorious autumn! Frosty nights
Clear, quiet days...
There is no ugliness in nature! And kochi,
And moss swamps and stumps -
Everything is fine under the moonlight,
Everywhere I recognize my native Rus'...
I fly quickly on cast iron rails,
I think my thoughts.

Analysis of Nekrasov’s poem “Glorious Autumn”

Compositional integrity landscape sketch, which begins the famous "" of 1864, allows us to highlight the poetic fragment as independent work. Its main theme is the multi-colored beauty of “clear, quiet” autumn days, which has a beneficial effect on well-being. Due to its optimistic mood and sense of cheerfulness, the tonality of Nekrasov’s creation comes close to the feelings of Pushkin’s hero, who welcomed the arrival of the “Russian cold” - refreshing, rejuvenating, restoring the taste for life.

The author endows the image of autumn with the evaluative epithet “glorious”. The latter not only reflects admiration, but also emphasizes the high, energetic mood of the lyrical subject. Explaining the exclamation of approval that opens the text, the hero talks about the healing power fresh air. Here the colloquialism “vigorous”, unusual for a poetic style, is used. The combination of a “fresh” word with the lexemes “healthy” and “invigorates” creates a concentration of the sounds “r” and “o”. The means of sound recording support the impression of the life-giving influence of autumn weather.

To characterize natural objects, the poet resorts to original comparisons: thin ice is like “melting sugar”, a lush layer of fallen leaves is like a carpet or bed. The listed examples can be considered as a single combination, united by the semantics of home comfort. The cleanliness and freshness of calm, welcoming nature is akin to the comfort of a human home.

The anaphora that begins the third quatrain continues with a phrase about cold nights and fine days. It is similar in meaning to the remark about the refreshing effect of air placed in the beginning. This technique, which actually expands the boundaries of lexical anaphora, gradually leads the reader to a philosophical generalization. The lyrical subject sees harmony even in the most prosaic details: hummocks, swamps, stumps. I wonder what positive emotions conveyed through negation, indicating the absence of “ugliness” in the pictures of the native landscape.

The final episode concretizes the features of the observer's position. It turns out that he is thoughtfully contemplating the views of nature from the train window. The long journey along the “cast iron rails” also explains the change in time of day: from daylight, allowing you to see the yellowness of the leaves, to the “moonlight”, the flickering of which gives a mysterious beauty to ordinary hills and swamps. The motive of rapid movement, indicated by the verb “flying,” precedes main topic"Railroad".