Brief history of hippies. The hippie generation: an independent communist subculture in the USSR

In a traditional society, the function of raising children and youth is assigned to the institution of the family, the church and the state, in particular the school. The Education process is carried out according to the principle of a structural management method. Despite the primacy of the family institution, the most important role in traditional culture is assigned to the church. The hippie youth subculture was created to replace the Protestant Church in the process of educating young people. At the same time, it was planned to move from a structured management method to a structureless method. Thus, creating among young people the illusion of absolute freedom and complete confidence in their own rightness. The experiment was carried out as the first stage in the creation of a unified world ideology and religion, therefore, as it was successful in the USA and Western Europe, the process geographical distribution subcultures had to take on a global character. Time to do this scientific project The Tavistock Institute of the Rothschild family was calculated over several decades. The amount of money allocated for the project is still a secret. It was also planned, as necessary, using the subculture matrix as a starting point, to create new youth subcultures. At the same time, it was allowed to involve leading universities in the world. Leading electronic and print media had to provide information support, giving the movement a progressive character and exalting its goals and objectives. Hollywood also participated on a large scale. Take, for example, Francis Kopala's film Apocalypse Now. We even had to sacrifice the war in Vietnam, transferring it from the category of fleeting and victorious wars to the category of a long and bloody conflict. Thus, hippie pacifism cost about 50 thousand lives American soldiers and several million inhabitants of Indochina. A blood sacrifice in the name of “peace,” or rather the New World Order, took place. This kind of goal justifies any means to achieve the goal. Pentagon contractors also received their excess profits.

The hippie youth subculture is one of the oldest youth subcultures in the world and in the post-Soviet space. It was created as a youth movement for people from the middle class. It is the genetic matrix of the entire rock-narco-sex counterculture. Studying the deep foundations of this matrix allows us to understand the mechanisms of the origin and development of all other subcultures. The hippie subculture contains all three components of any type III culture or affiliated society: the spiritual core, the core and the outer shell or shell. All these components are connected to each other according to the principle of a hologram. In other words, if the outer shell or core gets inside another subculture, they transform it in their own image and likeness. Thus, this subculture has all the structural and functional components of the supersystem and the algorithm for its development, which were revealed by Arnold Toynbee in his work “Comprehension of History.”

Hippie (English) hippy or hippie; from decompression hip or hep, - “understanding, knowing”;) youth subculture that emerged in the mid-1960s in the USA. Because hippies often wore flowers in their hair, gave flowers to passers-by, inserted them into the gun muzzles of police officers and soldiers, and used the slogan “Flower Power,” they became known as “flower children.” Such a seemingly simple PR campaign was a stunning success, as it activated the favorite childhood memories of the people watching this scene, with their magical world of fairy tales. This is the world of good fairies and their faithful servants - elves. At the same time, it should be recalled that in Scandinavian mythology, spirits and flower children are elves. They are familiar to us from the fairy tale by G.Kh. Andersen "Thumbelina". Thus, hippies themselves became the “flowers of romantic love.” And many adults believed in the sincerity of the slogans of this subculture and the good intentions of this youth movement.

The heyday of this subculture occurred in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Hippies protested against the puritanical morality of traditional America. They promoted the desire to return to natural purity under the slogan “love and pacifism.” Hippie slogan: “Make love, not war!” Which means: “Make love, not war!” was very popular during the Vietnam War

The hippie movement developed in “waves”: the first wave dates back to the late 60s and early 70s, the second to the 80s. Since about 1989, there has been a sharp decline, expressed in a sharp decrease in the number of adherents of this movement. However, in the mid-90s. The “third wave” of hippies has declared itself. The neophytes of the movement are young (15-18 years old) and are predominantly schoolchildren and junior students. In quantitative terms, girls prevailed over boys. But this wave quickly subsided.

The appearance of a hippie by modern standards is quite traditional: long flowing hair, jeans, often frayed, or a denim jacket, sometimes a hoodie of an unspecified color, and around the neck is a “xivnik” (a small leather handbag), decorated with beads or embroidery. On the hands - “fenki” or “baubles”, i.e. homemade bracelets or beads, most often made of beads, wood or leather. But, having become a fashionable “brand”, it went beyond subcultural boundaries, spreading among young people: “fenki” can decorate the hands of both schoolgirls and university teachers. The “third wave” is distinguished from the “classic” hippies by such attributes as a backpack and three or four rings in the ears, less often in the nose (piercing). But if you look at it through the eyes of the 60s, you can see that fashion is not so simple and it is ideologically consistent and carefully thought out. The hippie clothing style is called unisex and it symbolizes the equality of men and women, destroying in a woman the individuality of her clothing style, her personal taste, as if they were all cloned in one test tube. Men's clothing is identical to women's clothing, and this is an external but sure sign of the loss of the Hero archetype. And long flowing hair of men is a sign of their feminization. Serving in the army is beyond the capabilities of such people. Therefore, instead of patriotism, what remains is naked pacifism and supposedly the fight for peace. The former “flower child”, that is, the former hippie and pacifist US President Bill Clinton, in 1999, will order NATO aircraft to bomb Orthodox churches and monasteries in Kosovo and Serbia in the name of human rights and freedoms. The result of such a struggle for peace is the destruction of 22 churches and monasteries, included in the register of monuments of world culture. And everyone has long forgotten the dead monks. Meanwhile, the backpack of the third wave is a symbol and attribute of the absence of a root base and the transformation of a person into a tumbleweed. So much for the neo-nomad. In the fifth century, nomadic tribes of the Goths began to populate Europe, and at the end of the 20th century, a youth subculture of the Goths emerged. Interesting historical analogy.

Hippie communes are the main form of their self-organization, where hippies can live their own special way of life and where neighbors are tolerant of them. Usually these are uninhabited and empty houses in cities, or estates in forests far from civilization. The sociable charter of such a commune is free and uncontrolled drug consumption, promiscuous sexual relations with frequent changes of sexual partners - free sex, begging as the main way of subsistence, and a lot of rock music. And this phenomenon is not random. Hippie communes are a powerful means of destroying the traditional institution of the family, as well as destroying the mechanism of continuity between generations. And, of course, the launch of the mechanism of degeneration of the white race using the mechanism of epigenomic inheritance - telegony, thereby accelerating the time of aging European civilization. In genetics, this disease is called progeria or Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome. It was this subculture that became the basis for the emergence of “new nomads”, which Jacques Attali would later write about in his bestseller “Horizon Line”.

The movement reached its peak in 1967. It was the so-called “summer of love” when the unofficial hippie anthems “San Francisco (Be Sure To Wear Some Flowers In Your Hair)” by John Phillips were released. performer Scott McKenzie, as well as “All You Need Is Love” and “She’s Leaving Home” The Beatles. The musical basis of the movement was psychedelic rock music. In 1967, the psychedelic musical Hair premiered in New York. It was the Beatles who became the core of this youth subculture. Scientists from Tavistock, as part of the secret program “Changing the Image of Man,” invested in this musical group and its repertoire all the transformative power of the Eleusinian, Dionysian mysteries and Babylonian magic. This is how CIA Colonel John Coleman recalls it: “No one would have paid attention to the group from Liverpool and their twelve-tone system of “music” if the press had not created a real stir around them. The twelve-tone system consisted of heavy, repetitive sounds taken from the music of the priests of the cults of Dionysus and Baal and subjected to a “modern” treatment by Adarno, a close friend of the Queen of England...” Jimi Hendrix, who died of an overdose of sleeping pills in 1970, and worked closely with the Beatles, did not hesitate to say: “With the help of music, we hypnotize people, reducing them to a primitive level, and there, finding their weak point, you can hammer it into their head anything".

The Beatles sang the lyrics of shamanic companies:

"Turn off your brain, relax, go with the flow,

This is not dying, this is not dying

Stop your thoughts, surrender to the emptiness,

She is a glow, she is a glow..."

The philosophical foundations are quite diverse and represent a complex compilation of various schools of Eastern beliefs, Freudianism, existential philosophy and Manichaeism. The musical projection of the movement was psychedelic music. In 1967, the psychedelic musical Hair premiered in New York. Participants appeared on stage naked. The popularization of nudism is associated with the hippie movement. And this is no coincidence, since hippies were the main driving force of the sexual revolution. Like Marxist teaching, here, often invisibly, were their great teachers - S. Freud, Antonio Gramsci, Heinrich Marcuse D. Rabin and Erich Fromm. Fromm wrote a work entitled: “Utopian Communal Socialism.” When this theory was implemented, hippie communes arose. Marcuse especially distinguished himself by writing his bestseller Eros and Revolution. D. Rabin spoke very frankly in his book “Do”: “We mixed youth, music, sex, drugs and the spirit of rebellion with betrayal. And that combination is hard to beat.” Under the slogans of abandoning outdated bourgeois morality, Marcuse, Rabin and their associates destroyed the last remnants of Christian ethics and morality in Western civilization. The rebellious and godless spirit of the “hippie” movement replaced Christian ideas about good and evil with Manichaean views, in which good is equal to evil, and light to darkness, thereby opening the way for revolutions of a new type. The greatest theoretician of Marxism, Antonio Gramsci, stated: “A revolution is coming. It will be different from all revolutions of the past. It addresses the individual rather than classes and affects culture, and the change in political structure occurs only at the last stage. It does not need violence for its success, and it is also impossible to suppress it with violence. It is spreading with amazing speed, and already our laws, our institutions and social structures are changing under its influence. These are the revolutions of the new generation.”

Brzezinski prophesied about the beginning of the revolution back in 1968: “Our era is not just revolutionary, we have entered the phase of metamorphosis of the whole human history. The world is on the verge of a transformation that will be more dramatic in its historical and human consequences than that caused by the French or Bolshevik revolutions. Robespierre and Lenin were too soft."

And since the sexual revolution was global in nature, to say that hippies were outside of politics is simply a deliberate lie. They were an instrument of domestic, foreign and even geopolitics. Created with the help of psi-technologies by scientists from the Tavistock Institute in the UK and Harvard University in the USA, the subculture became the material substrate and driving force behind the export of this revolution to continental Europe and the camp of socialism. They even created their own “symbol of faith.” This symbol in its dogmatic basis is based on such an existential essence as “Freedom”. On the basis of this philosophical category, a political myth about “freedom” was created, where the original essence of this concept was deliberately distorted. Political myths represent the most powerful element of psychological warfare and total manipulation of consciousness.

A notable contribution to the study of political myths of the twentieth century was made by the German philosopher Ernst Cassirer. Here is an assessment of the understanding of myths made by this researcher. “Myth has always been interpreted as the result of unconscious activity and as a product of the free play of the imagination, but here the myth is created in accordance with the plan. New political myths do not arise spontaneously, they are not just the fruit of unbridled imagination. On the contrary, they are an artificial creation, created by skilled and dexterous “masters”. Our twentieth century - the century of the great era of technical civilization - was destined to create and new technology myth, since myths can be created in exactly the same way in accordance with the same rules as other modern weapons, be they machine guns or airplanes. This is a new point of fundamental importance. He changed our whole social life. Methods of suppression and coercion have always been used in political life. But in most cases, these methods were focused on material results. Even the most severe despotic regimes were satisfied only by imposing certain rules of action on people. They were not interested in people's feelings and thoughts. Of course, in major religious conflicts the greatest effort was made to strengthen not only the actions, but also the consciousness of the people. But these efforts were in vain - they only strengthened feelings of religious independence. Modern political myths operate quite differently. They do not begin by sanctioning or prohibiting any action. They first change people so that they can then regulate and control their actions. Political myths act like a snake paralyzing a rabbit before attacking it. People fall prey to myths without serious resistance. They are defeated and subdued even before they are able to realize what really happened. Conventional methods of political violence are not capable of producing such an effect. Even under the most powerful political pressure, people do not stop living a private life; there always remains a sphere of personal freedom that resists such pressure. Modern political myths destroy such values.

The subculture’s “Creed” contains 7 dogmatic truths:

• 1- a person must be free;
• 2- freedom can be achieved only by changing the internal structure of the soul;
• 3- the actions of an internally relaxed person are determined by the desire to protect his freedom as the greatest treasure;
• 4 - beauty and freedom are identical to each other and that the realization of both is a purely spiritual problem;
• 5 – youth who share the above beliefs form a “spiritual” community - a commune;
• 6 - “spiritual” community - an ideal form of community life;
• 7 - everyone who thinks differently is mistaken.

The number 7 in numerology is sacred and is an expression of the fullness of Being. As you know, back in the mid-60s, many American schools taught the Law of God, which spoke of the Seven Deadly Sins. Thus, one seven was replaced by another, while granting the youth an indulgence for any sin. Everything turned out like in Dostoevsky’s novel “Demons.”

Parable of the Blind. P. Bruegel – the elder. The picture can serve as a figurative illustration of the “philosophical wisdom” of hippies.

Hippie symbolism.

One of the key symbols of the hippie movement is considered to be an old Volkswagen minibus, which hippies traditionally painted in the psychedelic “flower power” style. The second basic symbol is the Pacific (“paw”) - a symbol of peace. Logo of the Organization for Nuclear Disarmament, also used for anti-war demonstrations. The third is a symbol of the Taoist philosophy of Yin and Yang.

Brief analysis of the main symbols.

Thus, in any case, the symbolism of the hippies reflects the desire to build a “paradise” on Earth not with the help of a world communist revolution, but with a sexual one.

At the beginning of the study of the issue, we will understand what the word “politics” means when translating it from Greek into Russian. Literally, this translates as “many interests.” Since there are no people without interests, therefore, living in society, one cannot be outside of politics. Hippies actively participated in US domestic politics, shaking and destroying the foundations of the state and political system. This is evidenced by the facts below.

From the article by A. Nikitin “October 21: One-two – free.” Newspaper “Mirror of the Week” No. 40 October 19. 2002 we present the following excerpts:

“The siege of the Pentagon was carefully prepared. Journalists were notified in advance. They decided not to inform the military. Several hippies were sent to conduct a public reconnaissance. Looking like people deeply immersed in their work, they wandered around the Ministry of Defense. When the concerned guards came out to find out what was going on, they were explained that the huge pentagram, the devil’s mark on the body of America, was the cause of all the troubles and misfortunes of the country. The Pentagon must be cleansed of the spirit of hatred, the demons driven out of it. And then, for journalists, they clarified that the Pentagon would be lifted into the air during a magical purge. The plan was to raise it 100 feet, but the generals agreed to only 10.

On October 21, 1967, a peaceful army of fifty thousand hippies surrounded a dull concrete building. In the vanguard stood Buddhist monks with rattles, the poet Allen Ginsburg, an Indian shaman with a tambourine... The organizer of this outrage, Eddie Hoffman, was dressed as an Indian chief, and his wife Anita as Sergeant Pepper. A light smoke with the characteristic smell of marijuana floated over the crowd.

The Pentagon was protected by cordons of National Guardsmen. From the crowd they shouted “Come here..!”, they shot at them with patented potency enhancing drugs... A hippie from the West Coast made his way from the back rows to the cordon. He placed a flower in the barrel of the guardsman's rifle. In the general bedlam, almost no one noticed this, but a camera clicked nearby and the most famous photo the sixties was done.

In the evening, as spotlights swept across the crowd and helicopters hovered overhead, tens of thousands of voices followed Ginsburg in chanting “Om-m.” Hoffman later recalled that he was even surprised by how easily the building rose into the air. Under the roar of helicopters, in the blinding harsh light of searchlights, the Pentagon ascended like a huge flying saucer and hovered over the gathered demonstrators. Hoffman was not the only one who saw this; many protesters remember how it happened. Only the National Guardsmen did not see...

The siege of the Pentagon was not the most massive action organized by Hoffman, but it was a key one.”

In the USA, a radical youth movement was founded on the basis of hippies. The Yippies were an explosive mixture of hippies and Trotskyists. They organized thousands of marches and demonstrations to protest the war in Vietnam. Their most famous action, which caused a strong resonance in society, is considered to be the nomination of their party’s candidate for the presidency of the United States. This candidate was a pig named Pigasus (Swintus).

Foreign policy. In 1968, the “flower children” revolution spread to France, and its first victim was General de Gaulle, who was disliked by New York bankers. France has lost its best president. Then came the turn of the countries of Eastern Europe. They carried the destructive flame of the world sexual revolution to the countries of socialism, in the fire of which communist dictatorships fell.

Globally, they acted as gravediggers of Christian culture and revived Babylonian neo-paganism. Since, for example, the entire repertoire of the Beatles group is nothing more than a modern arrangement of the Babylonian mysteries of the goddess of war, love and fertility Ishtar (Inanna), supplemented by ancient mysteries.

In terms of the use of manipulation of mass consciousness, the ideological slogans of the subculture deserve attention. For example, hippie slogans of the 60s are a clear example of the effective use of neurolinguistic programming techniques to fool young people.

• “Make love, not war” (“Make love, not war!”)
• "Off The Pig!" (“Turn off the pig!”) (a play on words - “pig” was the name for the M60 machine gun, an important attribute and symbol of the Vietnam War)
• "Give Peace A Chance" (title of J. Lennon's song)
• "Hell No, We Won't Go!" (“There’s no way in hell we’re leaving!”)
• "All You Need Is Love!" (“All you need is love!”) (title of The Beatles song)

As stated at the beginning of our study, the hippie subculture is the basic matrix of the entire rock-narco-sex counterculture and therefore all its components are psychedelic rock, drugs, complete freedom sexual relations and counterculture, that is, no respect or veneration for older people, are fully present in its structure.

Particularly noteworthy is the interpenetration of rock and drugs. Even the very name of the hallucinogen or psychedelic LSD is associated with the name of John Lennon and his song “Lucy in Heaven with Diamonds.” In English LSD. Lennon wrote his work under the impression of taking lysergic acid diethylamide. All the work of the Fab Four is unthinkable without marijuana and lysergic acid. The hippie subculture suffers from social “schizophrenia” regarding attitudes towards drug use. Within the hippie subculture, there is a persistent stereotype that the use of marijuana and psychedelics is one of the main prerequisites on which membership in their movement is based.

At the same time, another, alternative in its meaning, opinion circulates in the subculture at the level of rumors, which states that taking drugs is not a necessary component of ego transformation. And it must be admitted that this statement, based on ethnographic research data, looks much more convincing.

A large red dragon attacks the Maiden. William Blake.

Studies by ethnographers of the life of Indian tribes are scientific confirmation of this fact. Whereas psychedelics are only one of the means that help destroy the boundaries of ordinary ego-consciousness. From this point of view, in addition to mescaline - extracts from peyote and LSD, there are other ways of proactive practices. When taking drugs, there are no guarantees that the initiation process will result in the required type of personality transformation. Taking drugs, as a rule, instead of transforming, results in drug addiction, with all the ensuing health problems. And after taking LSD, some patients develop schizophrenic-type symptoms and hallucinatory syndrome. In transpersonal psychology it is known as a spiritual crisis of the possession type. “In this type of transpersonal crisis, people experience distinct sensations that their psyche and body are occupied and controlled by entities and energies that they perceive as coming from the outside world, hostile and disturbing. These may turn out to be restless, differently embodied entities, demonic creatures or evil people who have mastered them with the help of black magic and witchcraft procedures.

There are many different types and degrees of such conditions. In some cases, the true nature of such a disorder remains hidden. The problem in this case manifests itself as serious psychopathology: antisocial or even criminal behavior, suicidal depression, the desire to kill or self-destructive behavior, chaotic and perverted sexual urges or excessive consumption of alcohol and drugs,” writes psychiatrist S. Grof. In the mid-60s, as part of a pharmacological study of the mechanism of action of psychedelics on human consciousness, an experiment was conducted on thousands of volunteer students at Harvard University, the results of which are classified to this day. The time of the experiment clearly coincides with the birth of the hippie subculture.

Thus, there is a clear ambivalence of the subculture even on such a fundamental issue for human health as taking narcotic drugs. This paradoxical logic makes it easy to manipulate public opinion on this important issue for society. Thanks to this duality, it became possible to legalize drugs in the European Union, and the world's leading intelligence agencies, the CIA and MI6, to oversee the drug business in youth environment. The economic component is also important, since the drug business is the second largest service market in the world and is second in size only to the global energy market. And above all, drugs control the consciousness of the most active part of young people and their formal and informal leaders. It is no coincidence that since 1864, when Great Britain launched the first opium war against China, the entire world drug market, from production to sale, has been controlled by the British ruling monarchy and its intelligence services.

The communist subculture originated in London. Two agents of British influence of German origin and Russophobe, the founders of its cultural core, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, lived and worked there. The personality of the creator, that is, Marx, was extremely contradictory. Being a revolutionary, he hated all the monarchies of the world, but idolized the British one; being an atheist, he secretly lit candles at night. True, according to eyewitnesses, their fire was for some reason black and very reminiscent of hellfire.

As befits every subculture, it consists of three main parts - the cultural core, the core and the outer shell. Every Soviet person who received a higher education was familiar with the cultural core or the Soviet communist cult. This quaternary formation included four myths: Marxist-Leninist philosophy, political economy, scientific communism and scientific atheism. The latter deprived this core of at least any spiritual principle and created the effect of its absence. On the basis of this ideological core, the core was built, that is, morality, ethics and Soviet culture itself, as well as the outer shell - the state, the economy and its power structures. Thus, the Soviet Union entered the information-psychological war against the United States with the ideology of the 19th century, written for the collapse of the Russian Empire. Many educated people began to understand the degree of squalor of the communist cultural core and communist ideology. Actually, only I. Stalin was the real reformer of the communist subculture, but his reforms affected only the outer shell and core. He almost liquidated the proletarian culture of Lenin-Trotsky-Lunacharsky.

And in addition, the new Soviet culture was ennobled by Russian features national tradition. And even the Soviet Empire began to look somewhat like the world’s last Orthodox empire of the Romanov dynasty. But the atheistic, cultural core remained unchanged, and this foreshadowed a sad fate for the country. The Marxist myth was dying in the souls of Soviet people. Under Khrushchev and Brezhnev, due to the instinct of self-preservation among the Kremlin gerontocracy, no one dared to reform the “shrine”. Meanwhile, Mikhail Gorbachev with his wife Raisa and reformers who had undergone internships at Columbia and Harvard universities in the USA decided that it was possible to reform the basis of the Soviet communist cult - the “spiritual core”, diluting it with the hedonism of the glamor subculture. In other words, they decided to resuscitate the patient using part of the head transplantation. They decided to call this chimera “socialism with a human face.” The Soviet “titans of thought” and “fathers of democracy” could not give birth to the chimera, but they destroyed the country. Or, to put it simply, instead of resuscitation they did decapitation, because by removing Article 6 from the constitution, they eliminated the vertical of power and destroyed the hierarchical principle of governing the country. Everything turned out like with Berlioz’s head, which was cut off by a Komsomol member - a tram driver. In real historical life, the old Komsomol member was called Raya “Gorbi”. And the young charlatan reformers staged a performance for the Soviet people at Variety. There were candy wrappers instead of money and Parisian glamour. And most importantly, the entire gold reserve of the USSR was stolen. But the main act of the reformers was genocide own people. And it took Yeltsin, Kravchuk and Shushkevich to carry it out. But the real leaders were the priests of the golden calf

“Our golden calf feeds not on the creation of wealth, not even on its use, but primarily on its entire mobilization, which is the soul of speculation. The more wealth passes from hand to hand, the more of it remains with us. We are brokers who take orders for all shadow transactions, or, if you like, we are publicans who control all the nooks and crannies of the globe and levy a duty on every movement of anonymous and vagabond capital, like sending money from one country to another or fluctuating its exchange rate. To the calm, dull, monotonous melody of prosperity, we prefer the passionately excited voices of rising and falling rates. To awaken these voices, nothing can compare with revolution or war, which is the same revolution. Revolution weakens peoples and brings them into a state of less resistance to enterprises alien to them.” Comments, as they say, are unnecessary.

In the future, for convenience, we will call the Soviet communist subculture a counterculture, since it has always opposed the traditional Orthodox culture of Holy Rus'.

The complex process of interaction between the hippie subculture and the traditional culture of the USSR was carried out within the framework of the famous directive of Allen Dulles. The problem for the Soviet Union, first of all, was that Soviet society lived in conditions of an unfinished civil war, and the Soviet counterculture, even during the time of Khrushchev, went on the offensive against traditional Orthodox culture, deciding to destroy its core - the Orthodox Church. The best forces of the special services were sent to this war. The result is that the country was unprepared for cultural aggression from outside. In 1961, the famous XXII Congress of the CPSU took place, and at it a program for building communism in the USSR was adopted. The third point of this program is the global special project “Education of the new Soviet man - the builder of communism.” This project failed miserably. It was the appearance of the hippies in 1967, from among the former Komsomol members, that in practice clearly demonstrated the collapse of the plans of the communist utopian Leninists. The year 1967 turned out to be significant, since it was in this year that the USSR celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Great October Revolution. But it was precisely this year that LaVey’s “The Satanic Bible” was simultaneously published in the USA, and in the USSR – the Gospel of Woland, with poetic name"Master and Margarita". This Manichaean "gospel" will become compulsory work school curriculum already during the years of Perestroika. And it is recognized by all “progressive” humanity as the best work of world literature of the twentieth century. Thus, the transplantation of the genetic core of the subculture was brilliantly carried out in the form of mimicry - a literary work. The job is done, and the “Khrushchev thaw” has exhausted itself.

Zoologist and anthropologist K. Lorenz formulated a scientific law: “A radical rejection of paternal culture - even if it is completely justified - can lead to disastrous consequences, making a young man who despises parting words a victim of the most unscrupulous charlatans. Young men, freed from tradition, usually willingly listen to demagogues and accept with complete confidence their cosmetically decorated doctrinaire formulas.” But the humanities in the USSR did not enjoy the honor of the party nomenklatura.

Representatives of the hippie subculture (in common parlance - hippars, hippans, hippanists) in the late 60s and 70s could be found in almost every major city of the USSR, in the so-called. "parties".

Appearing at the end of the Khrushchev Thaw, the hippie subculture in the USSR was widespread among a small number of young people. Social environment for the subculture became student youth and the future creative intelligentsia. As a rule, these were children of the party nomenclature and intelligentsia. The basis for involvement in the subculture was a passion for fashionable clothes and a desire to listen to rock music in good quality. The neophyte was introduced to the full program of pedagogical experiment. At first, harmless jeans, then sessions of psychedelic rock, then access to slang, and the next stage was free sex, demagogic discussions about freedom of speech and introduction to alcohol and drugs, and even meeting dissidents. After such treatment, the former Soviet Komsomol member became a convinced hippie. Of course, many, having matured, left the subculture and returned to the usual Soviet life. But it was the rebellious spirit of the hippies that would still manifest itself during perestroika, for example, in the rating program “Vzglyad” and the economic program of Yavlinsky “500 days” and of course Chubais, Gaidar, Khodorkovsky. The issue of introducing the subculture was supervised by the best employees of Western intelligence services, and they knew that they were working for the future. They raised demons of a new revolution and genocide of the peoples of the USSR. The “farmers” actively worked with the subculture, making their own, by Soviet standards, a good business in the trade of branded clothing and shoes. And yet I would like to finish my thought with a quote from the famous philosopher and economist from the USA L. LaRouche: “Many of them, considered highly educated, become, with a few exceptions, victims of fictional “cooking” when it comes to the facts of international politics, which are well known to American and Western European researchers... The practical question of today is to understand why so many leading Post-Soviet and Western figures “have effectively become agents of a policy of mass murder of people and other related means, which in their essence are even greater genocide than the practice for which the Nazis were convicted and sentenced at Nuremberg.”

In the minds of ordinary people, the word “hippie” evoked rather negative associations - a “hippie” was perceived as an unkempt young man with long hair. In life he is a slacker, a drunkard or even a drug addict. He is often apolitical and unprincipled - the antipode to the then cultivated image of the “Soviet man”, the “builder of communism” - neatly dressed and short-haired, purposeful, with clear political views about the “party line”. The existence of representatives of “hippies” not only abroad, but also in the USSR from legal sources of information could only be learned from critical articles in the central press of the early 70s. Such silence undermined the authority of the authorities in the eyes of young people. And it exalted “freedom of speech” in the West. Thus, it was the ideological apparatus of the CPSU Central Committee that became an agent of Western influence. At the same time, anyone could easily obtain all the information that was suppressed by the official authorities from “enemy” voices. Radio stations "BBC", "Voice of America" ​​and "Svoboda" broadcast their programs around the clock and, moreover, in Russian. Moreover, the secret listeners were, as a rule, Komsomol workers. They were the ones who suffered from “social schizophrenia.” As part of their Komsomol work, during the day they “branded” the “decaying” West, and in the evening they secretly listened to “enemy voices” and listened with reverence to the “forbidden” rock music and were ready to sell their own mother for branded American jeans, with “label”, which were worn by all the “golden youth” of the early 70s. Thus, without much difficulty, the hippie subculture in the form of its shell and core easily passed through the notorious “Iron Curtain” and only after receiving rebuff from the Orthodox traditions of the people, it did not collapse the USSR back in the time of Brezhnev. But it caused a transmutation of Soviet culture and made it defenseless against the new glamor subculture.

Hippie subculture Soviet period formed its own specific slang based on a combination of English and argot. This slang represents special form Newspeak, a form of perversion and desacralization of the Russian language. Thus, this Newspeak is a weapon for killing the living language of the Russian people. If a living language dies, then human thought dies along with it. M. Heidegger writes about this process in “Letters on Humanism”: “Language is the house of being. Man lives in the dwelling of the tongue. Man dwells in the being of language. The widespread and rapidly spreading devastation of language not only undermines aesthetic and moral responsibility in all uses of language. It is rooted in the destruction of the human being." Now let’s clearly see what this chimera looks like. For example: “xivnik”, from “ksiva” - a document, a small bag for carrying this document. “Hairatnik” comes from the word “hair” - hair. The ribbon on the forehead was worn according to superstition, so that “the roof would not be blown off.” “Benechka” is a bracelet made of threads, leather strips or beads, given as a “memento” to friends. There is a symbolism of baubles. An example of hippie slang words that have survived time: “vpiska”, “gerla”, “people”, “session”, “trace”, “civil”, “pioneer”, “oldovy”, “flat”...

Here is a short example of dialogue, excessively oversaturated with hippie slang of the late 80s:

People fits in with the girl. She says:

I only have one problem, and if you find yourself on the ground, you’ll be in trouble, we’ll have to play on it together. Just don’t sign me up, okay?
Maine (tiredly): - Let it bi. Well, how are you signing up?

Gerla: - Well, I’ve already signed it!

S. Pechkin “100 hippie carts”

Few people in that period of history understood the depth of the impact of this spiritual and psychological sabotage.

Modern man lives in the world of culture and in this world there is a special formation, which we call the sphere of Logos. It includes language as a means of human communication, as well as various forms of “verbal thinking”.

Language is a complex system of concepts and words through which a person perceives the world and society around him. It is through language that the mechanism of human subordination to society or some social groups is carried out. “We are slaves of words,” Friedrich Nietzsche liked to repeat. The power of the word is enormous and it manifests its main suggestive effect not through reason, but through the sensory sphere. In psychotherapy, the suggestive therapeutic method of Liebeault-Bernheim is known - “re-education of the will”, which found widespread use already at the beginning of the twentieth century, and neurolinguistic programming according to V.M. Bekhterev, which gained recognition in the second half of the twentieth century.

Suggestibility through words is a deep property of the psyche, and it arises in the process of development earlier than the ability for analytical thinking. This process was studied in detail by psychologists who studied the period of childhood in humans. The suggestive meaning of the word appeared at an early stage of human development in the process of forming special code words - word-symbols, which have always been the basis of spells. They have survived to this day, and are widely used today by healers, shamans and modern psychotherapists.

It should be noted such an important detail that the suggestive effect of words has not decreased at all with the development of civilization and the formation of a rational intellectual form of thinking. Rather, on the contrary, the emphasis of modern man on rational thinking has strengthened their suggestive influence.

Russian language is our most great wealth. This language, already in its current rather simplified form, largely continues to remain a spiritual language. For example, if the Russian language is compared with the English language, then the latter is an order of magnitude more simplified and primitive. It is impossible to translate the Bible into modern English without losing the meaning of the contents. If you open English-Russian dictionary, then for a set of English words one English word is associated with a dozen Russian words. In other words, a dozen different shades of meaning in Russian words correspond to one coarsened English word. But it's not just about words anymore. For example, American speech is more primitive than Russian speech. It is characterized by the exchange of speech patterns. For example, when greeting an American, he says: “Hi Haw are you? (hi, how are you?)” and everyone should answer the same thing: “Fine. How are you?" (Excellent, and yours?). If the interlocutor answers not Fine, but in a different manner, then this will no longer be considered American.

There is a well-known rule: “The more primitive the language, the more primitive the person’s thinking, the more primitive the person himself becomes and the easier it is to control such a person.” Thus, the introduction of slang into a subculture is an attempt to grow a Russian person into special type primitive and archaic savage. Which would be easy to manage from outside the country using unstructured management. And this attempt was a success, as if great Russian literature had never existed. Subculture slang has further developed among the new generation of subcultures.

The hippie subculture fruitfully collaborated and spiritually nourished the dissident environment, actively promoted the ideas of the sexual revolution and made a significant contribution to the collapse of the USSR. The collapse of the USSR served Starting point for the decline of this subculture, so it fulfilled its task.

Genuine science only becomes science when it acquires the features of a mythology, says Joseph Campbell, one of the best psychoanalysts of the twentieth century. And therefore the decline of a subculture is somewhat similar to the end of any fairy tale. Today, it may seem to many that the subculture is in a state of clinical death or suspended animation. And this is partially true. The number of hippie communes in Europe is only a few; three communes remain in the USA, one on the African continent. There are several thousand active hippies around the world. Cyber-hippies also appeared on the Internet. There are hippie “parties” in some cities of the former USSR. All these are remnants of “former greatness”.

However, it is not yet possible to talk about her biological death as a hippie. Many items of clothing have become classics. The hero of the psychedelic attack on the Pentagon, Hoffman, was elevated to the title of nobility by the British Queen Elizabeth II and became an aristocrat. In memory of the Indian shaman with a tambourine, many representatives of the punk and Goth subculture wear Indian Iroquois. The famous Beatles were awarded titles of nobility. And music critics ranked their work as modern classical music. The soul of the four was John Lennon. And he, often jokingly, told reporters that for the success of the Beatles he sold his soul to Satan. And only Lennon was unlucky, as he was killed in 1980, under mysterious circumstances, on the steps of the hotel where Roman Polanski was filming his film “The Omen.” He died a plebeian. The title of nobility is not awarded posthumously. In memory of hippies from the west coast with a flower, the Russian “soviet” people dedicated the film “City of the Sun.” And the infamous Sergeant Pepper comes to life and, as a Marine, takes the cause of the hippie revolution to its logical conclusion in the psychedelic film Avatar. cult director D. Cameron. The vanquished are not offended either - Gorbachev (aka Mikhail “The Bullseye”) celebrates his 80th birthday to the sounds of “Winds of Change” performed by the Scorpions group at the London Opera House. Ticket price: 50,000 euros. Entrance is only for the elite. Baroness Margaret Thatcher is absent from the celebrations due to illness.

And this ball, partly luxurious and partly glamorous, takes place almost according to the scenario of Bulgakov’s famous novel. Only the hostess of the ball is missing - old witch"Queen Margot"

Mikhail “Marked” will not have peace of mind in his old age. Everything else is as it should be in a good fairy tale, the heroes received their rewards from the “good” wizard (Professor Woland). And all this looks like a chain of random phenomena and events. Or is it a game of symbols in the Meta Game? In place of the once numerous hippie subculture, a whole new generation of youth subcultures has grown up, entangling our young citizens in its network.

Residents of the USSR from a young age were instilled with the magical slogan: “Lenin lived, Lenin is alive, Lenin will live!” And the Commissar of Proletarian Culture Kazimir Malevich himself came up with this slogan. The same one who painted the famous “Black Square”. But the slogan itself was voiced by the poet Mayakovsky. Now they want to say the same about J. Lennon. An artist has appeared in the CIS, painting 40 portraits of the great pacifist John Lennon, against the backdrop of flags of 40 countries. And this smacks of sympathetic magic. And this whole ending is reminiscent of the end of the famous novel The Master and Margarita.” And on January 16, all progressive humanity celebrates the day of the “Fab Four”. He who has eyes, let him see, and ears, let him hear, or at least try to do so.

Summary.

Thus, we should recognize that the hippie subculture we examined was created within the framework of the global project “Changing the Face of Man.” The project is based on the Anthropic principle developed by the Eastern Orthodox Church. In the Middle Ages, he was unconditionally followed by all philosophical and scientific thought in Western Europe. But in the enlightened twentieth century, it was used by pundits from “civilized countries” to the detriment of people. The principle states that a person consists of three interconnected substances - spirit, soul and body. And to change all three of these substances, the core, core and shell were created. The core of the subculture is Manichaeism, primarily focused on changing human spirituality. The core, represented by psychedelic music and drugs, affects the soul and partly the body. Sex and fashion primarily relate to bodily substance and participate in the mechanisms of physiological transformation. In addition, free sex with frequent changes of sexual partners is a powerful factor in epigenomic hereditary variability or telegony. Such sex causes degeneration in descendants already in the first generation. Statistical analysis is given in the book by P. Bukinan “The Death of the West”. All components of the subculture are interconnected through sympathetic magic. In other words, if a person follows the hippie fashion, then there will be sex and rock music, and then drugs. And if he is an intellectual, Manichaeism will be revealed to him, and then visionary experience.

In the above work, we carried out a morphofunctional analysis and the genesis of the main stages of development of the hippie subculture, and also identified the algorithm of its functioning and the mechanisms of its destructive impact on the individual and society. A systematic analysis of the above-mentioned spiritual illness of Western European local civilization allows us to create effective mechanisms for prevention, etiotropic and pathogenetic treatment of this kind of social conditions and diseases.

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Nikolay Golovachev, Dnepropetrovsk. January 2013

In the 60s last century, a simply “stunning” cultural movement appeared, which carried away millions of people sympathizing with the suffering planet - the hippie youth movement. This subculture could not pass without a trace, and, undoubtedly, remained forever in the memory of mankind. Further in the article you will learn the history of the hippie movement and other nuances accompanying these events.

The emergence of the hippies

The first wave of the hippie movement in the United States appeared between 1964 and 1972, while America was fighting the Vietnam War. This was the first war in the entire history of the country that the Americans themselves hated. This situation led to the spread of pacifist sentiments, which served as the beginning of the hippie movement. The subculture included young people who were distinguished by strong personal beliefs in the injustice of social rules. Wealth and satiety, the lack of spirituality of philistine life, bourgeois boredom - all this became the reason that the hippie movement arose among the rebellious youth.

The first use of the word "hippie" was dated April 22, 1964. It was the text of a program from one of the New York television channels. This word was used to describe a group of young people with long hair in T-shirts and jeans who protested against the Vietnam War. At that time, a slang expression was considered popular among young people, which meant the Russian “to be in the know, to cut a trick” - to be hip.

TV crews used the word hippie in a derogatory manner, alluding to the claims of sloppily dressed suburban demonstrators to be hips.

We can say that from the mid-60s the time of the birth of the hippie movement began.

Hippies - flower children

The main slogan of the subculture was pacifism. The values ​​of the hippie movement included the following: peace and non-violence, protest against military action, refusal military service. Initially, pacifism was aimed at fighting the war in Vietnam, only later it spread to all spheres of human life.

Hippies are characterized by a protest against the “rules” imposed by “people in ties,” against the orderliness and gray boredom of everyday life, and a departure from the formal institutions of society. Reminds me of a kind of peaceful anarchy.

Supporters of the hippie movement refused to be part of the established system and created their own alternative system, which would not be based on social hierarchy.

Representatives of this subculture are characterized by apoliticality. The general desire of supporters is aimed at changing the world through creativity, rather than military coups. In their opinion, the revolution should take place, first of all, in consciousness, and not in society.

Instead of material values, the hippie movement promoted spiritual values, and instead of building a career, self-improvement and creativity.

Main "postulates"

The hippie movement welcomed naturalness in everything. The call to return to the origins of humanity seemed to tell people that civilization had reached a dead end, and the only salvation for people would be to remember their roots and merge with nature.

The symbol of the hippie movement - the flower - expresses protest against military action and various inequalities; in addition, it personified youth and naturalness.

The beauty of the world, joy, and abundance of sensuality came to the fore of the subculture. However Negative consequences took place: excessive promiscuity led to drunkenness, drug addiction and promiscuous sexual relations. The “sexual revolution,” as some believe, is the brainchild of this subculture.

"Flower Children" deny time frames. The calendar and clock are elements of civilization that are alien to them, imposing their order on the real “living” world.

As I wrote at the time famous journalist of that era, Hunter Thompson, there was a feeling that everything around was striving for good, that the internal energy of the good-natured guys from the hippie movement was able to stop the atrocities that surrounded them everywhere.

Distinctive characteristics of hippies

Girls and guys from this movement called their long hair “hayer” and were fond of rock and roll, meditation, hitchhiking, oriental mysticism, lived mainly in communes and loved to weave flowers into their curls - a symbol of peace. It is this way of life that characterizes “flower children.”

Representatives of the subculture refuse any things, conditions that the world of “unfreedom” offers them, namely: hired work, social dogma and morality, rules and structure. After all, freedom and independence are the main criterion for a quality life for real hippies. The hippie movement in the USSR was on a smaller scale and had difficulty breaking through the ossified views of the Soviet people. Hippies were considered street children and worthless representatives of society.

As mentioned earlier, “flower children” live in communes that allow like-minded people to get together and share ideas, and also provide a wide field for creative activity. Many communes had strict codes prohibiting smoking, drinking, and drug use. In such “monasteries” the ideas of brotherhood and universal love were promoted.

The main rules of interaction with others were expressed as follows: “mind your own business,” “don’t fuss,” “don’t interfere with others’ lives,” “share with others.”

In such a team, each person is full-fledged and has the right to self-improvement, his own opinion and interests. It is the law for any hippie to honor the interests of others as their own, to consider their property as the property of the whole team, to share everything that they have.

Lifestyle

According to hippies, the spiritual unity of people is created as a result of a common truth revealed to each member of the team, which sooner or later is achieved on the path of anyone who seeks it.

The life of “flower children” is quite unpretentious: they consider the temporary lack of shelter and food as a common nuisance that is not worth attention. Such people live by “happy chance.”

There is another rather interesting concept among hippies: “just existing.”

This expression refers to the time when a person is not doing anything, that is, contemplating the world, enjoying the sunlight, closing his eyes, and simply being in careless solitude.

Parties

Gatherings of hippie representatives are called happenings (sessions). Such events take place in some hot spot where hippies can gather in large numbers to listen together musical works, dancing or talking. Distinctive feature parties or so-called sessions are the simultaneous actions of various people, creating an atmosphere of relaxed chaos.

This confusion is clearly visible during the dances - crowds of supporters of the movement enter and leave the room, dance in colorful or simple costumes with or without musical accompaniment, in pairs or alone, often not in time with the music, to loud conversations, all in their own way. Half of the people don’t dance at all, but just sit on the floor near the stage. Children rush past them, squealing. This kind of meeting is called a happening.

Hippie look

This part of life is also important in the life of any hippie. Various jewelry, long hair, worn jeans - all this is part of this subculture. A hippie would rather spend money on another bauble than on food.

In search of ideals, representatives of the movement turned to the East. This culture has significantly influenced appearance hippie. Since then, their clothes have been full of ethnic motifs: multi-colored kaftans, Afghan robes, beads with threads in several rows, homemade things made from scraps of fabric.

Blue jeans, which were not particularly popular among society, were decorated with fringes, pictures, leather and beads. “Hipparies” preferred to walk around with bare feet and headbands for long, flowing hair. As the legend says, the bandages served as a kind of amulet for them against “roof-blood.”

Hippie fashion borrowed many aspects of the “gypsy style”: colorful skirts, dresses with exquisitely embroidered bodices, jewelry in the form of coins. Fresh flowers and natural materials were also considered quite popular.

“Ksivnik” - a small chest bag for documents - is still found among youth wardrobe accessories, although its purpose has changed a long time ago.

Braids made from macrame threads in the form of “baubles” were considered quite popular. They had their own symbolism: a wish for a good hitchhiker could be conveyed with a black and yellow striped bracelet, a declaration of love was expressed in the gift of a red and yellow accessory.

Drugs

An important part of the life of hippies is the use of narcotic substances, through the use of which they confirm their renunciation of the principles of life of ordinary people, and also achieve “expansion of consciousness.”

Many supporters of the movement believe that drugs help to achieve spiritual liberation, open huge field for creative activities. But this is just one point of view. Other hippies may tolerate drug use, but do not consider it something sublime. In certain communes of a “monastic” nature, the use and distribution of drugs was prohibited.

Music

Like any subculture, hippies are distinguished by their characteristic music. A revolutionary discovery - rock and roll shocked not only the “philistines”, but also adherents of the subculture in question.

In 1967, hippie anthems (unofficial) were released: San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair), performed by Scott McKenzie, and the famous song The Beatles called All You Need Is Love.

The "hippies" also triggered the invention of psychedelic rock. Among the pioneers of psychedelic culture of that time are the Doors, Jefferson Airplane, Grateful Dead, etc.

This kind of music is like drugs - it helps expand consciousness. The psychedelic sound is achieved through the use of live instruments and the constantly changing intonation of the solo voice. This effect is said to be achieved through the use of a spectrum of forbidden frequencies that supposedly affect the human brain.

It's time for wonderful days...

Hippies, like most subcultures, have their pros and cons.

This movement should not be idealized or, conversely, reduced to psychedelia and drug addiction. We can only hope that the modern generation of hippies will inherit peace, love of life, positivity and brightness from their ancestors.

“Make love, not war” is a slogan that is relevant for humanity at all times. The hippie movement originated in the United States in the mid-1960s against the backdrop of an ideological crisis caused by the protracted and bloody war in Vietnam. Pacifism, denial of violence, the superiority of spiritual values ​​over material ones, the desire for freedom and individuality formed the basis of the philosophy of the “flower children” and led to a real revolution in American society.

We will tell you in this article where to go to communicate with modern hippies, rethink your life and adopt some of their views.

Origin of the movement

The ideological predecessors of hippies can be considered the beatniks of the 1950s - the “broken generation”, to which representatives of nonconformist bohemians, young writers and poets considered themselves: William Burroughs, Jack Kerouac and others.

In the 1960s, beatnik activity gradually declined, and a new countercultural movement took over the baton. Its face was the Merry Pranksters commune and its leader, the writer Ken Kesey, who later became famous throughout the world for his novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. As Kesey himself said in his old age, “We were too young to be beatniks and too old to be hippies” - thus, the Merry Pranksters became a transitional stage from one movement to another.

The emergence of the hippie subculture is inextricably linked with the “Acid tests” - the famous parties thrown by the “Merry Pranksters”. At the time, the psychedelic drug LSD was still legal and an integral part of these “happenings,” leading to its unprecedented popularization—and eventual banning. The activities of the commune attracted increasing attention from the public and law enforcement agencies, so that in 1966, Kesey himself, fleeing police persecution for marijuana possession, was forced to fake suicide and flee to Mexico.

“Acid Tests,” until the collapse of the commune in 1966, played the role of a mouthpiece for the countercultural youth of their time and stood at the origins of the psychedelic revolution and youth rebellion in the United States.

Finally, in the wake of protests against the continuation of hostilities in Vietnam, the hippie movement was born, which was joined by many former beatniks and participants in the Acid Tests. Remarkably dressed young men with long hair preached ideas of pacifism, individuality, human unity and inner freedom, lived in like-minded communes, listened to rock and roll and psychedelic rock, and traveled in brightly decorated vans to music festivals. A huge layer of literature, music, art and philosophy is associated with them. Hippies became one of the most significant youth movements on a global scale and had a significant impact on contemporary society and world culture generally.

Hippie today

Despite the fact that the popularity of this subculture has decreased significantly since the 1960s and 1970s, there are still many of its representatives scattered around the world who continue to believe in the ideals of the founders of the movement - and bring new trends to it.

The Farm

The Farm is the oldest and most successful hippie community in existence today. This is an international community in Tennessee, near Summertown, living by the principles of nonviolence and respect for the Earth.

It was founded in 1971 by Stephen Gaskin and 320 hippies from San Francisco. Beginning with a few huts and wagons, the Farm today is an impressive 4,000 acres of cultivated land, several homes and outbuildings. This settlement not only achieved economic independence, but also became quite an influential entity in the state of Tennessee.

Most of the community runs on solar and wind energy; above all else, the ability to coexist with nature without harming it is valued here. Some Buddhist teachings also entered the life of the commune. The inhabitants of the Farm lead a healthy lifestyle, produce environmentally friendly products and engage in scientific research in the field of renewable energy, environmental waste recycling and assistance to Third World countries.

This eco-village is a great chance to be inspired by a communal way of life and see that mutual assistance, honest work, spiritual values ​​and concern for the environment can form the basis of a successful life.

Auroville

Auroville, or the "City of Dawn", is an experimental international city in India, founded in 1968 by Mirra Alfassa, who is respectfully called "Mother". Now it is being developed under the auspices of UNESCO. According to the plan, the city should become a space free from politics and religion, where representatives of different cultures can coexist in harmony and agreement.

The main attraction of Auroville is the building in the form of a golden sphere, the Matrimandir, in which residents meditate and practice yoga.

The architectural design of the city is extremely interesting: according to the founders, Auroville from above should resemble an unfolding galaxy, the center of which is the golden ball Matrimandir.

As of May 2016, the city is home to about 2,500 people from 49 countries, most of whom are Indians. The next largest diasporas are French and German.

Findhorn Ecovillage

Findhorn Ecovillage in Scotland has existed for over forty years as an independent ecovillage. This is a living example of the connection between the spiritual, social, environmental and economic aspects of our lives - and a synthesis best ideas village inhabitants. As one of the first ecovillages - its history began with the rise of the counterculture movement in 1962, when two families bought a small plot of land here - Findhorn has grown to become home to about 500 people. This village is one of the founders of the Global Ecovillage Network - an international non-profit organization, which brings together similar initiatives around the world.

The village is famous for its surprisingly fertile land for this strip. It is not clear whether to attribute the excellent harvests to spiritual practices and communication with plant spirits or to the beautiful ecology of this place, but the fact remains: learn from local residents People come from afar to grow vegetables.

However, the village does not suffer from a lack of visitors in any case: it is one of the main ecotourism destinations. Residents are offered a variety of tours, workshops, and programs that provide an immersive experience and an inside look at community life.

Twin Oaks Village

The small settlement of Twin Oaks Village, in which only 92 adults and 13 children lived in 2015, was formed in the state of Virginia, USA, back in 1967. Since the beginning of the existence of the international community, its lifestyle has reflected its inherent values: cooperation, sharing, non-violence, equality and environmental concern. There is no single religion; the beliefs of the inhabitants vary. There is no leadership figure - it is a self-governing democracy in which responsibility is divided among several managers and committees. The village is economically independent, income is evenly distributed among residents, each of whom works 42 hours a week in the economic and business spheres of community life. In general, people prefer to alternate between jobs in different areas rather than doing the same thing every day. For this, everyone is provided with housing, food, medical care and funds for personal expenses.

The economy of the settlement is mainly based on weaving hammocks, compiling book indexes, producing tofu and growing vegetables. Individual members engage in political activism, speaking out on issues of peace, ecology, feminism and anti-racism.

The village runs weekly visitor tours and three-week stay programs. The only requirement is to register and arrange your arrival in advance.

Arcosanti

An hour's drive from Phoenix, Arizona, Arcosanti is an experimental city built according to arcology, a concept that combines architecture and ecology.

Arcosanti is the legacy of the Italian-American master Paolo Soleri (1919-2013). He began building the city back in 1970, wanting to demonstrate how urban living conditions could be improved by reducing the destructive impact on the environment, and influenced a whole generation of architects and urban planners.

Although many buildings remain unfinished, the desert city attracts both tourists interested in architecture and those attracted by alternative lifestyles. About 60 people permanently live in Arcosanti, and during the work and workshop seasons the community grows significantly with workers, interns, volunteers, students and visitors. Paolo Soleri's Arcology is not just an architectural style, but a comprehensive philosophy that, according to his plan, should revolutionize our way of life. Under the slogan “learn an alternative,” Arcosanti’s buildings and their inhabitants, as a single living system, should mark the transition from a consumer society and thoughtless waste of resources to a more efficient and smart lifestyle.

In addition, the city hosts many workshops and lectures, primarily on arcology, which attract students from all over the world. They have a unique opportunity to observe the object of study while the construction is being planned.

Nimbin

In sunny Australia, the hippie lifestyle seems more natural than ever. The best example of this is the village of Nimbin, the country's largest center for the cultivation of psychotropic cannabis.

Nimbin is located in New South Wales, near Brisbane. Sydney hippies took a fancy to the abandoned 19th-century settlement back in the 1970s, transforming it beyond recognition. The Aquarius Festival was held here in 1973, and as the hemp industry developed, international ganja tours began to be held here. Since 1993, Nimbin has been home to the legendary Mardi Grass festival, which annually features a Hemp Fair, a Hemp Poetry Competition, a Hemp Olympics and other exciting events.

All this activity, naturally, always aroused dissatisfaction with the police, and many attempts were made to call the inhabitants of the city to order. The culmination of this struggle was in 1997, when several hippies chained themselves to police helicopters as a sign of protest and, in this form, gave interviews to several popular publications. Since then, the authorities have left hemp activists alone, and a Hemp Embassy has even appeared in Nimbin, coordinating anti-prohibitionist activities in Australia.

The only fly in the ointment in this story is that Nimbin, like many interesting initiatives, has become very popular among tourists, and, according to local reviews, this popularity has not done it any favors, turning the rebel hippie town into an object of the tourist industry. Therefore, those who want to get a true experience are advised to stop by Byron Bay on the way and enjoy the atmosphere of real hippies.

The Federation of Damanhur

The Federation of Damanhur is a commune, ecovillage and spiritual society in Piedmont, Northern Italy. “Laboratory of the Future of Humanity” - as they call themselves, outlining the paths to which the rest of the Earth's population will one day come: living in harmony with the environment, mutual respect and self-knowledge.

It was founded in 1975 by Oberto Airaudi with 24 followers, and by 2000 the number of residents had increased to 800. The life of the community was based on the ideas of unity, equality, love and respect for environment. As a result, in 2005, Damanhur received the UN Award for Sustainable Communities as a model of sustainable development. It is a Federation of Spiritual Societies with its own Constitution, culture, art, music, currency, education and technology.

The population is divided into four classes, depending on how actively they want to participate in the life of the community. Thus, class A permanently resides in the Federation and evenly distributes all resources, class B provides financial support and lives in the territory at least three days a week, the remaining two categories can live outside of education.

The community lives according to a mixture of New Age and neo-pagan beliefs, which are associated with their rituals and lifestyle.

Equality and respect underlie all areas of community life: in particular, marriages are concluded on a renewable basis, allowing partners to leave the union after a certain time or renew it.

Damanhur hosts many events in different cities world and has centers in Europe, America and Japan. Also, thousands of people come here every year to attend excursions, seminars and courses at Damanhur University. Scientists and researchers in the fields of art, social science, spiritualism, alternative medicine, economics and environmental stewardship come from all over the world.

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Hippie subculture

Subculture - denoting a part of the culture of a society that differs in its behavior from the prevailing majority, as well as social groups of carriers of this culture. A subculture may differ from the dominant culture in its own value system, language, behavior, clothing and other aspects. There are subcultures that are formed on national, demographic, professional, geographical and other bases. In particular, subcultures are formed ethnic communities, differing in their dialect from the language norm. Another well-known example is youth subcultures.

Hippies are a specific subculture that emerged in the United States in the early sixties of the twentieth century. Having appeared, it quickly spread throughout all countries of the world, and by the mid-seventies it had practically disappeared. In the original, hippies were part of a youth movement made up mostly of teenagers and fairly "young adults" between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five, who inherited the cultural rebellion of the bohemians and beatniks. Hippies disdain established concepts, criticize the values ​​of the middle class and act as a radical opposition to the use of nuclear weapons and the Vietnam War. They became popular and illuminated aspects of religions other than Judaism and Christianity that were practically unknown at that time. Hippies literally pushed through the sexual revolution; they encouraged the use of psychedelic drugs in order to expand human consciousness (Originally, the hallucinogen LSD was used as a drug to treat mental illness. Because many psychologists of that time believed that when working with a patient under the influence of this drug, they were working directly with the subconscious. There is enough There are many successful cases of treatment described in the medical literature. During the heyday of the Hippie, LSD was not considered a drug and was freely available in the USA. As a result, many young people, based on the scientific works of doctors, began to get involved in “self-correction” of their own consciousness). Hippies created unique communes where their values ​​were cultivated. subculture hippie ideology society

Appearance, dress code

Regardless of gender - long hair combed in the middle, a special ribbon around the head ("hair" from the English. Hair - hair), on the arms - "baubles", i.e. homemade bracelets or beads, most often made of beads, wood or leather, often a disproportionately large knitted sweater, decorated with beads or embroidery, a denim pouch around the neck for storing money and documents ("xivnik": from ksiv - document, thieves' jargon), color of clothing mostly light (experienced hippies never wear black), but not flashy. The latest generation of hippies is distinguished by such attributes as a backpack and three or four rings in the ears, less often in the nose (piercing).

Musical style

The hippie musical culture was a mixture of rock, folk, blues and psychedelic rock. This culture is also reflected in literature, drama and visual arts, including films, posters announcing rock concerts and album covers. Among Western music, hippies prefer psychedelic rock and love the group “Doors”.

Language, jargon

A large number of English borrowings, such as "bolt" - bottle, "vine" - wine, "flat" - apartment, "hair" - hair, "people" - people (common addresses: "man", "people"), " ringstick" - Notebook(from the English Ring - call). In addition, it is common to use diminutive suffixes and words that have no analogues in the literary language to denote specific concepts characteristic only of hippies (for example, the already mentioned “bauble”, “xivnik”, etc.).

Entertainment

Among alcoholic drinks, hippies prefer wines and ports. Frequent use of drugs (usually mild) has been noted. Part of the hippie ideology is “free love” - with all the ensuing consequences. Hippies are not warlike, they are usually pacifists. One of the first was the slogan “Make love, not war.” (Make love, not war). Ideology: The hippies themselves often express it with the words “Peace, friendship, bubblegum.” Disregard for material values ​​such as money and expensive things is typical; There was genuine indignation among hippies when someone tried to buy expensive things instead of cheap ones. Popular eastern religions and teachings.

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The heyday of the movement occurred at the end of the 's - beginning of the 's. Initially, hippies opposed the Puritan morality of some Protestant churches, and also promoted the desire to return to natural purity through love and pacifism. One of the most famous hippie slogans: “Make love, not war!”, which means: "Love, don't fight!".

Hippies are generally believed to believe the following:

• a person must be free;
• freedom can be achieved only by changing the inner structure of the soul;
• the actions of an internally relaxed person are determined by the desire to protect his freedom as the greatest treasure;
• beauty and freedom are identical to each other and that the realization of both is a purely spiritual problem;
• all who share the above form a spiritual community;
• spiritual community is an ideal form of community life;

However, the hippies do not have a clearly formulated creed, which, by virtue of its precise wording, would be a contradiction in definition.

Story

The first use of the word “hippie” was recorded in a program on one of the New York television channels, where this word was used to describe a group of young people in T-shirts, jeans and long hair protesting against the Vietnam War. At that time, the popular slang expression was “to be hip,” meaning “to be in the know,” “to be “global,” and New York counterculture supporters from Greenwich Village were called “hips.” In this case, the TV crew used the word hippie pejoratively, alluding to the claims of deliberately poorly dressed demonstrators who came from the New York suburbs to be hips. [ ]

A couple attends the Snoqualmie Moondance, August 1993.

The beginning of the hippie movement can be considered 1965 in the USA. The main principle of the subculture was non-violence (ahimsa). Hippies wore long hair, listened to rock and roll (especially “I Got You Babe” by Sonny and Cher), lived in communes (the most famous now communes were in the Haight-Ashbury area of ​​San Francisco, later in Denmark - Free City of Christiania), hitchhiked, were interested in meditation and Eastern mysticism and religions, mainly Zen Buddhism, Hinduism and Taoism, many of them were vegetarians. There was also the “Jesus movement” and “Jesus Revolution” (the 1970 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar). Because hippies often wore flowers in their hair, gave flowers to passers-by, inserted them into the gun muzzles of police officers and soldiers, and used the slogan “Flower Power,” they became known as “flower children.”

The peak of the movement’s popularity came in 1967 (the so-called “summer of love”), when unofficial hippie anthems were released - “San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)” (written by John Phillips of The Mamas & the Papas, performed by singer Scott McKenzie), "All You Need Is Love" and "She's Leaving Home" by The Beatles. The musical projection of the movement was psychedelic music. In 1967, the psychedelic musical “Hair” premiered in New York, the participants of which appeared naked on stage: the popularization of nudism is associated with the hippie movement.

Despite the decline of the hippie movement on a global scale, its representatives can still be found in many countries around the world. Some hippie ideas, which seemed utopian to conservative people in the 1970s, have entered the mentality of modern people.

Hippie symbolism

One of the symbols of the hippie movement is considered to be an old minibus, usually a Volkswagen, which hippies traditionally painted in the Flower Power style (the photo shows the Barkas B 1000 minibus). Hippie groups loved to travel around small conservative American towns in such minibuses and shock their inhabitants with various antics.

The hippie culture has its own symbols, signs of belonging and attributes. Representatives of the hippie movement, in accordance with their worldview, are characterized by the introduction of ethnic elements into costume: beads woven from beads or threads, bracelets (“baubles”), etc., as well as the use of textiles dyed using the tie-dye technique (or otherwise - “shibori”).

An example is the so-called baubles. These decorations have complex symbolism. Baubles of different colors and different patterns mean different wishes, expressions of one’s own musical preferences, life position, etc. Thus, a black and yellow striped bauble means a wish for good hitchhiking, and a red and yellow one means a declaration of love. It should be noted, however, that this symbolism is interpreted in different places and parties arbitrarily and in completely different ways, and “experienced hippies” do not attach any importance to it. Common texts like “Meanings of colors in baubles” are considered the lot of so-called “pioneers” (that is, beginners) and among experienced people, as a rule, cause an ironic reaction. Jeans became the signature clothing of hippies.

Russian researcher youth movements T. B. Shchepanskaya established that “systemic” symbolism resembles a hologram - even from a small part of it, like from a seed, the entire wealth of informal culture grows.

Hippie slogans of the 60s

• "Make love, not war" ( "Make love, don't fight!".)
• "Off The Pig!" (“Turn off the pig!”) (a play on words - “pig” was the name for the M60 machine gun, an important attribute and symbol of the Vietnam War)
• "Give Peace A Chance" (John Lennon song title)
• "Hell No, We Won't Go!" (“There’s no way in hell we’re leaving!”)
• "All You Need Is Love!" (“All you need is love!”) (title of The Beatles song)

Communes

Hippies and politics

Peace Memorial in Arcola, Illinois, USA. Around the circle is written: “Dedicated to the hippies and hippies at heart. Peace and love". Bob Moomaw - creator of the memorial, Gus Kelsey restored the sign after his death (see links)

If by politics we mean elections, meetings, voting and promotions, then hippies are initially apolitical. Living outside of “civilized” society, in a world based on love, friendship and mutual assistance, hippies prefer to change the world with their creativity, including social creativity.

The idea of ​​a revolution of consciousness in some ways continues the ideas of the backpack revolution of the beatniks - instead of grueling political debates and armed clashes, it is proposed to leave home and society to live among people who adhere to your beliefs.

Modernity

Currently, there are several creative hippie associations in Russia:

• Art group "Frisia" (the oldest in Moscow, artists).
• Creative association "Antilir" (Moscow).
• Association of Musicians “Time Ch” (Moscow).
• “Commune on Prazhskaya”, Moscow (engaged in a network hip house, aka fnb hippie group Magic hat).

Nowadays, parties on the streets do not have the same importance as in the old days, and are more of a temporary refuge for very young hippies. In addition, they are highly differentiated and diluted with representatives of other subcultures, including all kinds of goths, emo, bikers, etc. Now life current state subcultures are a circle of close friends, or “informal” cafes/clubs as meeting places. Also of great importance are online communities, in particular LiveJournal (formerly fido conferences, in particular the famous fidosh echo Hippy.Talks, visible in the Relcom hierarchy as fido7.hippy.talks). This transfer of the emphasis of hippie culture from street parties to the Internet gave rise to the term cyberhippie.

In the subcultures that are the heirs of the hippies, the term “ hippy». [ ]

Festivals

• Podolsk rock festival (USSR, 1987)
• Russian Rainbow (Russia, since 1990)
• Shipot (Ukraine, since 1993)
• Empty Hills (Russia, since 2003)
• Matala Beach Festival (Matala, Crete, Greece, since 1960)