Berzin biography. The biological father of the TV presenter, the famous journalist Vladimir Berezin, left the family early

Transcarpathia is that happy place where everyone historical eras left several outstanding sights that tell ancient history Russian spirit, the history of part of the Ukrainian people, inscribed in the world cultural history.
The pride of Transcarpathia is the unique wooden churches built folk craftsmen without a single nail, in specific architectural styles, unique to a certain area.
The Carpathians are a place of unity between the eastern and western churches architectural traditions. Hence the wealth of forms of religious buildings, variety of styles and their variants.
There are 5 styles in the architecture of churches in Transcarpathia. Lemkovsky is characterized by the elimination of the centricity of the structure by moving the high-rise dominant from the central frame, the nave, to a high bell tower, built above or next to the Babinets. If a Lemko church does not have a hipped roof over one of its log buildings, replaced by a gable roof, it must have a developed Baroque dome.
Boykovsky is the initial version of wooden temples in the Carpathians: a trizubular temple, three-level with hipped roofs, with several creases.
Adjacent to the nave from the west and east are narrower rectangles of the babinets' logs and the altar part; the corner joints are made with a dovetail cutout.
The Hutsul style temple has a cruciform shape.
Baroque and Gothic, as well as two substyles - Middle Hutsul and Empire - occur in the upper reaches of the Teresva.
Within these styles there are several options.
The styles “Baroque”, “Gothic”, “Empire” are conditional, since they are not we're talking about about classical European styles, but only about the organic assimilation of certain elements of these styles by Ukrainian architecture. Local feudal lords strongly supported the development of monasteries, since the development of education and culture in this inaccessible area was connected with them.
By the way, it is no longer a secret that a printing house operated in the ancient Grushevsky monastery, and a huge library was created in Mukachevo.
Currently there are over 30 monasteries, the most famous of which are:
1. Mukachevo (female, Orthodox), Mukachevo (XIV century).

2. Imstichevsky (male, Greek Catholic), p. Imsticevo (in 1687).
3. Ugolyansky (female, Orthodox), p. Coal (X century).
4. Chumalivsky (female, Orthodox), p. Chumalov (in 1925).
5. Dombozki (female, Orthodox), p. Rakoshin (in 1932).
6. Malobereznyansky (male, Greek Catholic), village. M. Berezny (in 1742).
7. Dragivsky (female, Orthodox)
With. Dragove-zabrod (XIII century).
8. Izyansky (male, Orthodox), p. Iza-nankov (in 1920).
9. Khustsky (male, Orthodox), p. Khust-Gorodilova (in 1930).
10. Boronyavsky (male, Greek Catholic), p. Boronyava (in 1716).
11. Svalyavsky (female, Orthodox), m. Svalyava (in 1997).
12. Khustsky (male, Orthodox), p. Khust-Kolesarov (XX century).
In addition to the specific division based on national characteristics, the population of Transcarpathia is no less colorfully represented by different religious denominations, directions, movements, of which about thirty are registered here.
Among the most common churches are the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate), the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Kiev Patriarchate), the Ukrainian Orthodox Autocephalous Church, the Society of Orthodox Old Believers, the Greek Catholic Church, and the Roman Catholic Church.

The spread of Christianity in Ugric Rus' (as this region was called) began in 863 and is associated with the names of Cyril and Methodius, who baptized the Slavic population of the southwestern Carpathians that then belonged to Bulgaria. The Bulgarian prince Michael resisted Greek influence for a long time, but in 870 he himself was baptized.

Ugric Rus' became a true monastic republic with many churches and monasteries, but it was constantly subject to attempts to convert the Rusyns to Latinism, especially after the division of churches in 1054. In the 11th century, the daughter of Yaroslav the Wise, Anastasia, and her husband, the Hungarian King Andrew I, founded one of the oldest monasteries - St. Nicholas, which strengthened the spiritual struggle for Orthodoxy.

Later, with the spread of Protestantism in Europe, Ugric Rus' was also subject to this influence. In contrast, the Austro-Hungarian Habsburgs intensively propagated Catholicism in the most incredible ways. Finally, in 1648, in order to protect themselves from unbearable oppression, 63 priests signed an act of union with the Roman Church in Uzhgorod. The people for a long time I didn’t want to obey my dads. The history of Ugric Rus', and first of all church history, this is the story of the struggle of different faiths.

The centuries of the Austro-Hungarian yoke did not pass without a trace: in the early 1900s, Orthodox preaching in Carpathian Rus' turned into missionary work, and the first to bear this heavy cross was the Monk Alexy of Karpatoros (in the world Alexander Kabalyuk). He was one of the organizers of the revival of Orthodoxy in the Carpathian region, for which he was persecuted by the authorities, was declared an “Orthodox criminal” and was imprisoned for more than 4 years. Having received a blessing for his feat from the Patriarch of Jerusalem, he brought from Athos to his homeland the miraculous image of the Mother of God Quick to Hear, who always accompanied him during his dangerous wanderings and saved his life more than once. After his liberation, the monk revived 20 monasteries. He is called the "Transcarpathian Apostle". The relics of the saint are in St. Nicholas convent, and the miraculous icon “Quick to Hear” is in the Holy Dormition Convent in the village of Domboki near Uzhgorod.

Holy Cross Cathedral in Uzhgorod

After 1946, Carpathian Rus became Transcarpathia as part of Soviet Union, and all Carpatho-Russians were forcibly registered as Ukrainians. Due to the unstable political situation of Carpathian Rus, there was a large migration - the Rusyns were scattered throughout the world. The largest diaspora in the USA is 800 thousand people (the same as in Transcarpathia now). Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, Metropolitan Laurus is a Rusyn.

Currently, 80% of believers are Orthodox and Uniates. After the war, many Orthodox Carpatho-Russian clergy came to Russia to strengthen the Russian priesthood. During our visit to Valaam we were told about large group monks who came from Transcarpathia at the very beginning of the revival of the monastery.

Now in Transcarpathia there is an active construction of monasteries, the churches of which often serve as parish ones. Currently there are 30 monasteries. Despite the difficulties of their construction and the lack of a stable tradition of Orthodox stone architecture, motifs of national wooden architecture can be traced in many modern churches.

Mukachevo Castle
Svalyava. St. Cyril and Methodius Monastery, where we attended the bishop's service. The monastery was founded in 1996, when two nuns came to this place, one of whom has now become abbess
Mother Theodosia, who took care of us on this trip	In the Carpathian mountains after the rain
Reindeer farm, where our driver Ivan took us after a trip to beautiful lake Synevir. We walked among the deer and fed them bread