Taurida Museum. Features of visiting the Museum of Local Lore

Central Museum Tavrida (Simferopol, Russia) - expositions, opening hours, address, phone numbers, official website.

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In all of Crimea there is, perhaps, only one place that fully represents the entire history and natural resources of this peninsula - the “Central Museum of Taurida” in Simferopol. More than 100 thousand exhibits are available to visitors: natural, historical and cultural, they cover all eras and the most important events. This archaeological finds, numismatics, documents and photographs, household and creative objects, ethnographic collections. And the museum staff not only preserves all this wealth, but also continues to make new discoveries and study the heritage of Crimea. In addition, exhibits have already appeared here, dedicated to events 2014

Among the main permanent exhibitions"Central Museum of Taurida": protected landscapes; nature; the past of Taurida (until the 15th century), Tauride province and Crimea during the Great Patriotic War.

A little history

In ancient times and the Middle Ages, the Crimean peninsula was called Taurida, which is what people called it after joining Russia in 1783. Actually, this is where the name of the current museum, founded back in 1887 by the Taurida Archival Commission, came from. Initially, the exhibits consisted exclusively of donations: they were jewelry, antique ceramics, coins made of gold, bronze and silver, household items from Naples-Scythian, rare photographs, manuscripts and maps, steles and stone sculptures and much more.

The main problem of the museum for many years was the lack of its own premises: the collections kept moving from one place to another. Only in 1988 was it allocated a building where it is still located. Now the Central Museum of Tavrida consists of 11 departments and a branch in Alushta.

Unfortunately, during the Great Patriotic War during the occupation, some of the exhibits were lost, although many were hidden and saved.

What to see

The exhibition “The Past of Taurida” is archaeological collection, including exhibits from antiquity to the Middle Ages. There are remains of animals from the Paleolithic era, items made of wood and bone, finds from the times of ancient Taurica, Genoese colonies, Crimean Khanate and etc.

The exhibition “Nature of Crimea: paleontology, geology, relief” contains fossils of plants and animals that lived on the peninsula millions of years ago, as well as minerals, rocks, and minerals.

Visitors to the exhibition “Protected Landscapes” make a “trip” through the landscape zones of Crimea, where they get acquainted with the unique nature of these territories. Separate exhibitions are dedicated to Crimea during the Russian-Turkish wars, the heyday of the Tauride province (1783-1917) and the Great Patriotic War.

One cannot fail to mention the “Lapidarium”, where stones with ancient inscriptions are kept. This exhibition is located in the courtyard of the museum, among its unique exhibits is the “Idol from Verkhorechye” and an anthropomorphic foundation slab. In addition, there are Scythian tombstones, antique fragments of altars, Byzantine and Muslim tombstones, marble medallions from the 19th century, etc.

Practical information

Address: Simferopol, st. Gogolya, 14. Website.

Opening hours: from 9:00 to 18:00 on Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, Saturdays; from 11:00 to 20:00 on Thursdays. Cost of visiting - 120 RUB; children, students, pensioners - 60 RUB. Prices on the page are as of August 2018.

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Simferopol and surroundings‏‎

• Where to stay: the gates of Crimea and the capital of the peninsula, Simferopol is an ideal accommodation option for those who do not crave sea entertainment, but are ready to devote their leisure time to contemplating the amazing nature of Crimea and getting to know a huge amount historical attractions. The choice of accommodation is the widest: from daily rental of apartments and apartments to standard “three rubles” and business “fives”.
• What to see: in Simferopol, the first thing you should do is go to historical Center to see the cathedral, mosque and kenassa, mansions of the 18th and 19th centuries and long-lived trees: 750-year-old oak, plane trees and chestnut. A little further to the outskirts there are ancient noble estates, Paleolithic monuments and ancient settlements. Well, after getting out of the city, it’s worth going to

If you want to meet centuries-old history Crimea, its nature and culture - you definitely need to visit the Crimean Republican Museum of Local Lore in. This is one of the largest and most interesting.

The current museum building was built in 1909 for the district court. For a long time The Crimean Regional Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine was located here, and the destinies of the entire region were decided here.

Since 1988, the vast building has been transferred to the local history museum.

Its history goes back to the Museum of Antiquities of the Tauride Scientific Archival Commission (founded in 1887) and the Natural History Museum of the Tauride Zemstvo (founded in 1899).

The Museum of Antiquities was created on the initiative of the Tauride Scientific Archival Commission, with the aim of studying archival files and selecting for indefinite storage documents that represented historical value.

In 1921, when the Central Museum of Taurida was established, the idea of ​​a united museum was finally realized.

Initially, the museum was located in two buildings: in the former orphanage for girls of Countess Adlerberg, on Pushkinskaya Street, 18, and in the mansion of the Officers' Assembly, on Dolgorukovskaya Street (now K. Liebknecht, 35). Since 1927, the museum has been located in a building on Pushkinskaya Street, 18. Only the art department remains in the building on K. Liebknecht Street, 35.

The years of the Great Patriotic War caused enormous damage to the museum. During the evacuation and fascist occupation, some of the meetings were lost. But, fortunately, much was preserved.

In 1945, the museum was named the Crimean Local History Museum, and since 1993 it also became a republican one.

In 2006 it was returned to the museum former name. Now, as it once was, it is called the Central Museum of Taurida.

Today, the richest collection of antiquities numbers about 150 thousand exhibits, including many unique ones. And this is not the limit! Unfortunately, for various reasons, not all of its vast reserves can be put on display.

In the museum you can get acquainted with paleontological finds of the simplest organisms of nummulites, whose age is 100 million years old, and with fossils of bony fish (70 million years old), the remains of mastodons (30 million years old). In the halls dedicated to the peninsula, you can see stuffed birds and animals that formerly lived in Crimea, made more than a hundred years ago. Big interest evokes a mineralogical collection.

Numerous exhibits introduce the distant past of Taurida. Archaeological finds preserved in the museum's funds reflect all eras of the history of Crimea, starting with III millennium BC. Among them: stone tools primitive man and monuments of the Bronze Age, finds from the burials of the legendary Tauri and the weapons of the Scythian warrior, products of Byzantine craftsmen and objects from the period of the Golden Horde, Genoese colonies and the Crimean Khanate, for example, monuments in.

Also of interest is significant ethnographic material, firearms and bladed weapons of the 16th-20th centuries, and exhibits related to the battle for Crimea during the Great Patriotic War.

Interesting collection of numismatics, photo and documentary fund, works of painting and applied arts, collection of graphics from the 18th-19th centuries. with views of Crimea.

Exhibition “Crimea in the Great Patriotic War"tells about the heroic and tragic pages of history.

The archaeological collection of the museum was presented at international exhibitions in Italy (1994, 1995), France (1997), Germany (1999, 2008). Since 2000, the museum has held an annual scientific conference"Tauride scientific readings».

The modern exhibition is in its infancy.

Several permanent exhibitions are open to visitors: “from ancient times to the end of the 15th century”, “Geology, paleontology of Crimea”, “landscapes of Crimea”, “Crimea during the Great Patriotic War”, “Life and work of the poet I.L. Selvnsky”, “Revival of the Soul”.

Every year the museum creates over 30 diverse exhibitions, exhibited not only in Crimea, but also beyond its borders.

The pride of the Central Museum of Taurida is the scientific library “Tavrika” named after A.Kh. Steven, which began about 130 years ago. This is the main repository of local history literature published over the past 400 years. The unique fund contains more than 40 thousand books dedicated to a single region - Crimea.

Among them are many unique publications, for example, the handwritten “Tanakh” of the 11th century, books, lithographs, maps, atlases of the 15th-18th centuries, works of the first explorers of Crimea - K. Gablitz, P.S. Pallas, P. Sumarokov.

The Central Museum of Taurida (TCM) gives its visitors the opportunity to learn almost everything about Crimea. The museum will introduce you to the history, nature and culture of the peninsula. Today it is largest museum, dedicated to Crimea.

Tavrida

Tavrida or Tavria is the name given to the Crimean peninsula after its annexation to Russian Empire in 1783. Since 1784, Taurida was part of the region. This name comes from the name of the tribes that inhabited the peninsula in ancient times - the Taurians. Taurida was also the name given to the northern coast of the Black and Azov Seas. After the eighteenth century, the peninsula began to be called Crimea.

The peninsula has attracted various peoples and tribes since ancient times. This was greatly facilitated by a favorable climate, allowing for a bountiful harvest, rich animal and vegetable world. The extraction of iron ore on the peninsula allowed the development of the metallurgical and mining industries. IN different periods At that time, more than a dozen peoples lived there, from the Taurians to the Mongols.

Each people living in the Tauride lands contributed to the cultural heritage of the Crimean peninsula. The Central Museum of Taurida has collected exhibits from every era within its walls, which helps visitors learn more about the history of Crimea.

Creation of a museum

The founding day of the museum is May 8, 1921. Then it received the name “Central Museum of Taurida”. New Museum united two large museums already existing in Simferopol:

1. Archaeological Museum. Its foundation date was 1887; it was located in the building of the Provincial Zemstvo. It was he who formed the basis for the creation modern museum. Became part of the new museum in 1921.
2. Natural History Museum, founded in 1899. Its exposition was based on the entomological collection of S. A. Morzhetsky, who was a provincial entomologist at that time. Became part of the Taurida Museum in 1922.

The Central Museum of Taurida was founded on the initiative of the Committee for Museum Affairs and the Protection of Monuments of Art, Antiquity and Nature. In 1923, the museum included three exhibitions: artistic, ethnographic and archaeological. The replenishment of the collection was actively facilitated by the order of the authorities to transfer cultural objects from the Cheka repository to the museum department and the nationalization of palaces and estates in Crimea.

History of the museum to the present day

Over its century-long history, the Central Museum of Taurida has moved several times. The question of the location of the museum remained open for many years. Initially, it was located in a building on Gorky Street (formerly Dvoryanskaya Street). Later the museum moved to a building down the street (at that time - Dolgorukovskaya Street). The exposition of the natural history department continued to be located in the building of the Provincial Zemstvo, which at that time had already been disbanded. However, the premises in the building were cramped and over time became unable to accommodate the museum's ever-increasing collection.

In 1927, the building of the former shelter of Countess Adlerberg was transferred to house the exhibitions. Only in 1988 the museum found its permanent location. The address where the Central Museum of Taurida is located is Simferopol, Gogol Street, building 14. The museum also includes the Alushta Museum of Local Lore, the house-museum of the poet Selvinsky and memorial Complex"Concentration camp "Red".

Museum branches

The museum in Alushta opened in 1923 on the initiative of Russian society on the study of Crimea. The museum is located in the building of the old dacha of P.I. Makhlis "Modern". The building is architectural monument the beginning of the twentieth century.

The museum's collection includes about nine thousand exhibits. The main part of them is devoted to the history and cultural heritage of the city of Alushta. Of particular interest is the archaeological exhibition, which brings together exhibits different eras existence of the peninsula, from tools of the Meso-Neolithic era to objects found in ancient Partenite and

The museum of the poet Ilya Selvinsky is located in the center of Simferopol, in the house where the poet was born and lived. The museum was created in 1989 and is a department of the WTC. In addition to the exposition, dedicated life and the poet’s work, the museum contains some paintings by the poet’s daughter Tatyana Sevilskaya.

Library

The Central Museum of Taurida includes huge library. Science Library"Tavrika", working as a branch of the museum, represents a special historical and cultural value. The library was founded in 1873 by A.H. Stephen, whose name it bears since 1894. The library includes publications that originally belonged to the Tauride Zemstvo, a natural history museum. The library's collection also includes part of the collection of books by Nicholas II.

The library's collections are mostly devoted to information about the Crimean Peninsula. The collection consists of about fifty thousand books different languages And different eras. The oldest exhibits date back to the eleventh century. The collection also includes newspaper files, engravings, and maps of the peninsula.

Exhibitions of the Tavrida Museum

The museum's exhibitions consist of more than one hundred thousand specimens and occupy three floors of the museum building. This is the most large collection exhibits about the past and present of Crimea. The museum often takes part in various exhibitions and festivals, both in Russia and abroad.

A special place in the collection is occupied by the Lapidarium, located in the courtyard of the building. The exhibition includes fragments of ancient altars and tombstones, a unique anthropomorphic slab and the “Idol of Verkhorechye”.

The exhibitions “Reserved Landscapes” and “Nature” are dedicated to the flora and fauna of Crimea. The latter contains exhibits that more than a million years. Individual exhibitions tell about the most important periods history of the peninsula, such as Russian-Turkish war, Great Patriotic War, period of ancient Crimea.

The cinema hall, stylized as a wartime hospital tent, was opened to visitors by the Central Museum of Taurida. Photos, newsreels, and videos of the war years became possible to study at big screen. The “Golden Pantry” of the museum contains exhibits from precious stones and metals from the second century BC.

The Central Museum of Taurida is the largest local history museum of the history and nature of Crimea, located in the center of Simferopol. This region was previously called Taurida, which explains the name of the museum. The museum is engaged not only in collecting and storing valuable materials, but also in studying the history and culture of the region. It is rightfully considered the largest scientific and educational institution in the republic. More than 150,000 exhibits are presented here, illustrating different historical eras and various aspects of life in Crimea. Therefore, this place is a must-visit if you are interested in history or want to get to know Crimea in a couple of hours.

The museum building has a separate value, as it is an object cultural heritage peoples of the Russian Federation and is protected by the state.

Museum visitors note that over 130 years of collecting materials, museum workers have created an impressive and unique collection. By the way, all exhibits are perfectly systematized and presented in eight different rooms. The museum has branches - the archaeological reserve "Naples-Scythian", as well as the Alushta Museum of History and Local Lore.

What is in the Central Museum of Tavrida

The exposition of the Central Museum of Taurida is represented by several thematic exhibitions, each of which is located in a separate room. The collections consist not only of archaeological finds and assets of the museum’s fund, but also of the personal archives of some historians.

Past of Tavrida

There is a collection of exhibits from various historical eras from the Paleolithic to the Middle Ages. This hall presents evidence of various stages of the history of Taurida: coins from different eras, labels of Turkish sultans and Crimean khans, ancient Greek dishes, finds from the times of the Genoese colonies, etc. This exhibition also includes the remains of ancient animals, tools, household items and products arts and crafts.

Crimea during the Russian-Turkish wars

The opening of this exhibition was timed to coincide with the 230th anniversary of the annexation of Crimea by Catherine II. The main place in the collection is occupied by all kinds of cold and firearms XVI-XVIII centuries. The exhibition also included archaeological finds from battlefields (parts of military equipment, battle flags, personal items of soldiers). The informational part of the exhibition consists of copies of documents and maps, as well as portraits of commanders who participated in those events.

Tauride province

This part of the exhibition tells about the events that took place in the Crimea in the years 1783-1917. The hall is divided into three parts: the development of the Tauride province in early XIX century, the Crimean War of 1853-1855 and the development of the province after the reforms of Alexander II. Here are presented interiors, household items and tools of that time, as well as weapons and documents from the time Crimean War. The entire exhibition is also accompanied by illustrations and photographs.

Crimea during the Great Patriotic War

Naturally, the topic of the Great Patriotic War could not be ignored main character Local History Museum of Crimea. This room presents the history of the defense of Sevastopol, which later received the status of a hero city. Here you can see weapons used during the war, as well as awards received by Crimeans. Some of the windows tell about the local partisan movement, as well as the participation of Crimeans in battles on other fronts. Each section is accompanied detailed diagrams, posters, photocopies of newspapers and photographs. The hall was opened in 2010 and is still being replenished.

Nature of Crimea: paleontology, geology, relief

This part of the exhibition tells about the history of the formation of the region's relief, local rocks and minerals. Among the exhibits you can see examples of rare minerals, as well as photographs unusual shapes relief. The exhibition tells about what the landscape and rock composition of the region was like, starting from several tens of millions of years ago. This part of the exhibition is complemented by a collection of graphics with views of the Crimea of ​​the 18th-19th centuries.

Protected landscapes of Crimea

This part of the exhibition can be considered a logical continuation of the previous one. However, most of the exhibits here are dedicated to the flora and fauna of the region. Here you can see herbarium specimens, as well as specimens of some living creatures. The hall is divided into several parts, in accordance with various forms relief, on which the flora and fauna directly depend.

Lapidarium

This part of the exhibition is located outside the museum building, in the courtyard. Various complexes of sculptures and monuments are presented here, for example the unique exhibit “Idol from Verkhorechye”. In the Lapidarium you can also see tombstones, architectural details various buildings (temples, household buildings, etc.) The exhibition covers the time frame from the Bronze Age to the 20th century.

Golden Pantry

This part of the museum was opened not so long ago - in 2012. As you can guess from the name, there are various archaeological excavations that are of particular value. Here you can admire jewelry made of precious stones, valuable costume details, as well as a large collection of numismatics. Some of the exhibits were confiscated from smugglers and transferred to the museum. Now at the exhibition you can admire more than 2000 valuable items belonging to various historical eras With Bronze Age to the era of late antiquity and telling about the life different nations world (Scythians, Greeks, as well as some Muslim peoples).

Additional Information

The Central Museum of Taurida is open to the public every day except Tuesday, on which the museum has a day off. Full price entrance ticket— 120 rubles, cost discount ticket when providing required document- 60 rubles. The ticket office closes half an hour before the museum closes. The museum's opening hours on other days are as follows:

• Monday: from 9:00 to 18:00
• Wednesday: from 9:00 to 18:00
• Thursday: from 11:00 to 20:00
• Friday: from 9:00 to 18:00
• Saturday: from 9:00 to 18:00
• Sunday: from 9:00 to 18:00

note that Golden Pantry works on a reduced schedule, if you want to visit this room:

• Monday: from 10:00 to 17:00
• Wednesday: from 10:00 to 17:00
• Thursday: from 11:00 to 18:00
• Friday: from 10:00 to 17:00
• Saturday: from 10:00 to 17:00
• Sunday: from 10:00 to 17:00

Every day, except Tuesday, the museum holds sightseeing tours, which you can join. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, tours are available at 10:00, 12:00, 14:00 and 16:00; on Thursday - at 11:15, 13:00, 15:00 and 17:00; on weekends - at 10:00, 13:00 and 15:30. The tour lasts a little more than an hour, and you can walk around the museum on your own in half an hour.

History of the Central Museum of Taurida

The museum was founded in 1867 by the Tauride Scientific Archival Commission, then it was the Museum of Antiquity. The collection of exhibits began to be collected by the son of the creator Nikitsky botanical garden. The main purpose of creating the museum was the selection, study and preservation of important archival documents, having historical value, and the collection was created from gifts to the foundation.

The Central Museum of Taurida itself was established half a century later, in 1921. Despite the fact that it was a single complex, the museum was located in two different buildings. After 6 years, he became entirely based in one of these buildings (on Pushkinskaya, 18). During the Great Patriotic War, part of the collection was lost during the evacuation. However, many exhibits were preserved in hiding places even during the occupation. In 1945, the museum received a new name - Crimean Local History Museum.

The museum moved to its current building on Gogol Street only in 1988. In the 90s, it received the prefix “republican” to its name. Nowadays, the Central Museum of Tavrida is a complex of 11 departments on the street. Gogol and a branch in Alushta. The collection is constantly growing, and now the museum even has exhibits telling about the events of 2014.

How to get to the Central Museum of Tavrida

The museum is located in the city center, so you can easily get here by anyone in a convenient way. If you plan to travel here by public transport, take the bus to the “Ul. Gogol", or by trolleybus to the Park Treneva stop.

You can also get here by personal car or by taxi, using taxi ordering services, for example, Yandex.Taxi. The trip from Sovetskaya Square will take no more than 5 minutes. From the center of Simferopol, for example, from the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral and Victory Square, you can walk to the museum in a few minutes.

Central Museum of Taurida on Google panoramas:

Central Museum of Taurida on video:

The Crimean Republican Institution “Central Museum of Taurida” (until 2006, the Crimean Republican Museum of Local Lore) is one of the largest scientific and educational institutions engaged in the collection, storage and study of the historical and cultural heritage and natural resources of Crimea. WTC plays a unique role in the system of museum institutions of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. This is the only place where accessible visual information on the nature, resources, archeology, history, ethnography and economy of the entire peninsula is concentrated.

Story

The museum was founded in 1921 as a result of the merger of a number of public and private collections: the Museum of Antiquities (established in 1887) and the archive of the Tauride Scientific Archival Commission, the natural history museum of the Tauride Provincial Zemstvo (established in 1899), etc. Its collection was also replenished with exhibits from requisitioned collections. At the same time, the unique scientific and local history library of the Tauride Zemstvo “Tavrika” was transferred to the museum. IN different time The museum was associated with the activities of such outstanding researchers as naturalists, academicians V.I. Vernadsky, V.A. Obruchev, A.E. Fersman, P.A. Dvoichenko, N.N. Klepinin, S.A. Zernov, L.P. Simirenko, S.A. Mokrzhetsky, archaeologists A.L. Berthier-Delagarde, N.L. Ernst, historians A.I. Markevich, F.F. Dashkov, public figure OH. Stephen and others.

During the German-Romanian period 1941-44. the museum's collection was significantly damaged. In 1945-2006 The museum had the status of a regional and republican cultural institution.

Collection

The museum's collection includes about 120 thousand exhibits, including a significant collection of archaeological objects, a collection of numismatics, a unique collection of graphics from the 18th-19th centuries with views of the Crimea, and a rich photographic and documentary fund. The museum stores interesting historical and everyday items, objects of decorative and applied art, and ethnographic collections.

Structure

In addition to the main institution, the structure of the museum includes the Alushta Museum of History and Local Lore. The fundamental library on Crimean studies “Tavrika” named after A. OH. Steven and the House-Museum of I.L. Selvinsky, located at lane. Bondarny, 2.

Exposition

After being transferred to the museum in the early 90s of the XX century. building of the former regional committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, the museum’s exposition is under reconstruction. Currently there are sections: Natural landscapes of Crimea, Paleontology and, Past of Taurida (history and archeology of Crimea from ancient times to the 15th century), Crimea in the Great Patriotic War. In 2011, the permanent exhibition “Jewels of Crimea”, better known as the “Golden Pantry” of the museum, was opened for inspection by visitors. Currently, the exhibition “Treasures of Crimean Gothia” and part of the museum’s numismatic collection are on display here.

Scientific and exhibition activities

Every year the museum holds a large scientific work, over 30 multidisciplinary exhibitions are being created, exhibited not only in Crimea, but also beyond its borders. The archaeological collection of the museum was exhibited at international exhibitions in (1994, 1995), (1997), Germany (1999, 2009, 2010). The museum holds an annual scientific conference “Tauride Scientific Readings”. WTC is a methodological center for museums in Crimea, providing assistance to public and private museums in creating exhibitions and conducting scientific research.