Presentation about different types of art. What is art? Not an easy question! To reveal the meaning of this concept, it is necessary to describe the various forms that art took.

What is art? What is art? Not an easy question! To reveal the meaning of this concept, it is necessary to describe the various forms that art has taken from primitive times to the present day. Art is created by human hands. People whom we call artists, sculptors, architects create paintings, sculptures, architecture, we call all this “works of art.”

In the second half of the 16th century, Europe was rocked by a crisis. At the dawn of the 17th century, Italy entered a period of reaction. The Catholic Church tried to unite artists through new ideas and images. Thus arose: a new spectacular art that was supposed to dazzle and subjugate people - the art of Baroque. The word baroque comes from a Portuguese jewelry term for irregularly shaped pearls.

Baroque art, which arose around 1600, was distinguished by exuberant dynamism of forms, exaggerated emotions, a synthesis of architecture and painting, when, thanks to the illusionistic use of interior space, painting opened the way to the infinity of heavenly heights.

In the 17th century, Baroque art in Europe was gradually overshadowed by classicism - art based on balance and severity of forms. Strict rules govern painting, literature, music, sculpture, and architecture. The art of classicism drew its inspiration from two sources: nature and antiquity. To some extent, it came closer to the art of the Renaissance.

The revival of interest in antiquity gave impetus to the emergence in all European countries of an artistic movement called neoclassicism. Neoclassicism sought antiquity not only for the “ideal of beauty,” but also for a model of high thoughts, courage, and patriotism.

Artists became interested in nature. Thanks to the invention of metal paint tubes, ready-made and portable, which replaced old paints, artists were able to leave their studios to work plein air. They increasingly began to go out and work on the street. They worked quickly because the movement of the sun changed the lighting and color.

Cubism is a representation of the time it takes to look at a subject from all angles. Cubism – makes forms explode Picasso painted “Les Demoiselles d’Avignon” in 1907. This is the first cubist work in history. The angular bodies and crooked faces of the models will shock any viewer who glances at the picture.

Cubist artists did not want to paint objects from only one perspective, but depicted them from all sides at the same time, as if they were spread out. They used dull colors - green, gray, brown, and then, starting in 1912, newspapers, colored paper and text paper, which they cut and attached to their paintings.

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Types of art and their classification

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Art is a creative reflection, the reproduction of reality in artistic images.
Art exists and develops as a system of interconnected species, the diversity of which is determined by the versatility of the real world itself, reflected in the process of artistic creativity.
Types of art are historically established forms of creative activity that have the ability to artistically realize the content of life and differ in the methods of its material embodiment (words in literature, sound in music, plastic and coloristic materials in the visual arts, etc.).

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spatial or plastic arts
temporary or dynamic
spatio-temporal views or synthetic, spectacular
The existence of various types of art is due to the fact that none of them, by their own means, can give an artistic, comprehensive picture of the world. Such a picture can only be created by the entire artistic culture of humanity as a whole, consisting of individual types of art.
fine arts architecture photography
music literature
choreography theater cinema
KINDS OF ART

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ARCHITECTURE
Architecture (Greek "architecton" - "master, builder") is a monumental art form, the purpose of which is to create structures and buildings necessary for the life and activities of mankind, meeting the utilitarian and spiritual needs of people.
The shapes of architectural structures depend on geographical and climatic conditions, the nature of the landscape, the intensity of sunlight, seismic safety, etc.

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ARCHITECTURE
Architecture is more closely connected with the development of productive forces and the development of technology than other arts. Architecture can be combined with monumental painting, sculpture, decorative and other forms of art. The basis of architectural composition is the volumetric-spatial structure, the organic relationship of the elements of a building or ensemble of buildings. The scale of the structure largely determines the nature of the artistic image, its monumentality or intimacy.
Architecture does not directly reproduce reality; it is not pictorial, but expressive in nature.

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ART
graphic arts
sculpture
painting
Fine art is a group of types of artistic creativity that reproduce visually perceived reality. Works of art have an objective form that does not change in time and space.

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GRAPHIC ARTS
Graphics (translated from Greek - “I write, I draw”) are, first of all, drawings and artistic printed works (engraving, lithography). It is based on the possibility of creating an expressive artistic form by using lines, strokes and spots of different colors applied to the surface of the sheet.
Graphics preceded painting. At first, man learned to capture the outlines and plastic forms of objects, then to distinguish and reproduce their colors and shades. Mastering color was a historical process: not all colors were mastered at once.

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GRAPHIC ARTS
The specificity of graphics is linear relationships. By reproducing the shapes of objects, it conveys their illumination, the ratio of light and shadow, etc. Painting captures the real relationships of the colors of the world; in color and through color it expresses the essence of objects, their aesthetic value, verifies their social purpose, their correspondence or contradiction with the environment .
In the process of historical development, color began to penetrate into drawing and printed graphics, and now graphics include drawing with colored chalk - pastel, and color engraving, and painting with watercolors - watercolor and gouache. In various literature on art history, there are different points of view regarding graphics. In some sources: graphics is a type of painting, while in others it is a separate subtype of fine art.

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PAINTING
Painting is a flat fine art, the specificity of which is to represent, using paints applied to the surface, an image of the real world, transformed by the creative imagination of the artist.
monumental fresco (from Italian Fresco) - painting on wet plaster with paints diluted in water mosaic (from French mosaiqe) an image made of colored stones, smalt (Smalt is colored transparent glass.), ceramic tiles.
easel (from the word "machine") - a canvas that is created on an easel.

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Genres of painting. Portrait.
The main task is to convey an idea of a person’s external appearance, to reveal a person’s inner world, to emphasize his individuality, psychological and emotional image.
Peter Paul Rubens. "Portrait of the Infanta Isabella's Chambermaid", c. 1625, Hermitage
Vasily Andreevich Tropinin Portrait of Pushkin

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Genres of painting. Scenery.
Landscape - reproduces the surrounding world in all the diversity of its forms. The image of a seascape is defined by the term marineism.
Claude Monet. "Irises in Monet's Garden." 1900
Isaac Levitan. "Spring. Big water." 1897

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Genres of painting. Still life.
Still life - depiction of household items, tools, flowers, fruits. Helps to understand the worldview and way of life of a certain era.
Willem Kalf. Still life with porcelain vase, silver-gilt jug and glasses, c. 1643-1644.
Henri Fantin-Latour. Still life with flowers and fruit.

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Genres of painting. Historical.
The historical genre is a genre of painting that originates in the Renaissance and includes works not only based on real events, but also mythological, biblical and evangelical paintings.
The last day of Pompeii, 1830-1833, Bryullov

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Genres of painting. Domestic.
Everyday genre - reflects the daily life of people, the character, customs, traditions of a particular ethnic group.
Mural painting with everyday scenes, funerary storeroom of Nakta, Ancient Egypt
Workshop of calligraphers and miniature masters, 1590-1595.

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Genres of painting. Iconography.
Iconography (translated from Greek as “prayer image”) is the main goal of guiding a person on the path of transformation.
“Holy Trinity” by Andrei Rublev (1410)
Christ Pantocrator, one of the oldest icons of Christ, 6th century, Sinai Monastery

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Genres of painting. Animalism.
Animalism is the image of an animal as the main character of a work of art.
Albrecht Durer. "Hare", 1502
Franz Marc, "Blue Horse", 1911

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SCULPTURE
Sculpture is a spatially visual art that explores the world in plastic images. The main materials used in sculpture are stone, bronze, marble, and wood. At the present stage of development of society and technological progress, the number of materials used to create sculpture has expanded: steel, plastic, concrete and others.

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SCULPTURE
monumental
monuments monuments memorials
easel
designed for close-up inspection and intended for interior decoration.
decorative
used for household decoration (small plastic items)

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS
Decorative and applied art is a type of creative activity for creating household items intended to satisfy the utilitarian and artistic and aesthetic needs of people.
Decorative and applied arts include products made from a variety of materials and using various technologies. The material for a DPI item can be metal, wood, clay, stone, bone. The technical and artistic methods of making products are very diverse: carving, embroidery, painting, embossing, etc. The main characteristic feature of a DPI item is decorativeness, which consists in imagery and the desire to decorate, make it better, more beautiful.

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS
Decorative and applied arts have a national character. Since it comes from the customs, habits, and beliefs of a certain ethnic group, it is close to their way of life. An important component of decorative and applied arts are folk arts and crafts - a form of organizing artistic work based on collective creativity, developing local cultural traditions and focused on the sale of craft products.

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Wood carving
Bogorodskaya
Abramtsevo-Kudrinskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Wood painting
Polkhov-Maidanskaya Mezenskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Wood painting
Khokhloma Gorodetskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Decorating birch bark products
birch bark embossing painting

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Artistic stone processing
hard stone processing soft stone processing

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Bone carving
Kholmogorskaya
Tobolskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Miniature painting on papier-mâché
Fedoskino miniature
Mstera miniature
Palekh miniature

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Artistic metal processing
Veliky Ustyug black silver
Rostov enamel
Zhostovo metal painting

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Gzhel ceramics Skopin ceramics
Folk ceramics
Dymkovo toy Kargopol toy

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Lace making
Vologda lace
Mikhailovskoe lace

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Painting on fabric
Pavlovsk scarves and shawls

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Colored interlace
Embroidery
Vladimirskaya
Gold embroidery

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LITERATURE
Literature is a type of art in which the material carrier of imagery is the word. The sphere of literature includes natural and social phenomena, various social cataclysms, the spiritual life of the individual, and his feelings. In its various genres, literature covers this material either through a dramatic reproduction of an action, or through an epic narration of events, or through a lyrical self-disclosure of a person’s inner world.

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Literature
artistic
educational
historical
scientific
reference

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MUSICAL ART
Music - (from the Greek musike - lit. - the art of muses), a type of art in which the means of embodying artistic images are organized musical sounds in a certain way. The main elements and expressive means of music are mode, rhythm, meter, tempo, volume dynamics, timbre, melody, harmony, polyphony, instrumentation. Music is recorded in musical notation and realized in the process of performance.

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MUSICAL ART
Music is shared
- into genres - song, chorale, dance, march, symphony, suite, sonata, etc.
- for types and types - theatrical (opera, etc.), symphonic, chamber, etc.;

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CHOREOGRAPHY
Choreography (gr. Choreia - dancing + grapho - writing) is a type of art, the material of which is the movements and poses of the human body, poetically meaningful, organized in time and space, constituting an artistic system.

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CHOREOGRAPHY
Dance interacts with music, together with it forming a musical and choreographic image. In this union, each component depends on the other: the music dictates its own patterns to the dance and at the same time is influenced by the dance. In some cases, the dance can be performed without music - accompanied by clapping, tapping heels, etc. The origins of the dance were: imitation of labor processes; ritual celebrations and ceremonies, the plastic side of which had a certain regulation and semantics; a dance that spontaneously expresses in movements the culmination of a person’s emotional state.

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PHOTO ART
A specific feature of photographic art is the organic interaction of creative and technological processes in it. Photographic art developed at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of the interaction of artistic thought and the progress of photographic science and technology. Its emergence was historically prepared by the development of painting, which focused on a mirror-like accurate image of the visible world and used the discoveries of geometric optics (perspective) and optical instruments (camera obscura) to achieve this goal. The specificity of photographic art is that it provides a visual image of documentary significance.

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FILM ARTS
Cinema is the art of reproducing moving images captured on film on the screen, creating the impression of living reality. Cinema invention of the 20th century. Its appearance was determined by the achievements of science and technology in the field of optics, electrical and photographic engineering, chemistry, etc.
The cinema conveys the dynamics of the era; Working with time as a means of expression, cinema is able to convey the succession of various events in their internal logic.

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The presentation was made by Tatyana Aleksandrovna Vashchenko Thank you for your attention!!

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KINDS OF ART

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Art is a specific type of reflection and formation of reality by a person in the process of artistic creation in accordance with certain aesthetic ideals. Art is simultaneously consciousness, cognition, and communication between people. Types of art are divided into 3 main types: 1) spatial (plastic), which exist in space without changing or developing over time, and are perceived by sight; 2) temporary; 3) spatiotemporal.

Within each art form there are genres.

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1. SPATIAL PLASTIC TYPES OF ART Spatial arts are types of art, the works of which exist in space, without changing or developing in time; - have a substantive nature; - are performed by processing material material; are perceived by the audience directly and visually. Spatial arts are divided into: - fine arts: painting, sculpture, graphics, photography; non-fine arts: architecture, decorative and applied arts and artistic construction (design).

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SPATIAL Fine arts Fine art is a type of art whose main feature is the reflection of reality in visual, visually perceptible images. Fine arts include:

painting, graphics, sculpture, photography print

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PAINTING is a type of fine art, works of which are created on a plane using colored materials. Painting is divided into:

easel monumental decorative

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Special types of painting are: icon painting, miniature, fresco, theatrical and decorative painting, diorama and panorama.

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SCULPTURE is a type of fine art, the works of which have a physically material, objective volume and three-dimensional form located in real space. The main objects of the sculpture are humans and images of the animal world. The main types of sculpture are round sculpture and relief. sculpture is divided into: - monumental; - for monumental and decorative; - easel; and - sculpture of small forms.

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PHOTO ART is a plastic art whose works are created by means of photography.

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SPATIAL Non-visual arts

design (artistic design).

architecture

decorative and applied arts,

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ARCHITECTURE - the art of: - design and construction of buildings; and - creating artistically expressive ensembles. The main goal of architecture is to create an environment for work, life and recreation of the population.

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DECORATIVE ART is a field of plastic arts, the works of which, along with architecture, artistically shape the material environment surrounding a person. Decorative art is divided into: - monumental and decorative art; - decorative and applied arts; and - design art.

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DESIGN - artistic construction of the objective world; development of samples of rational construction of a subject environment. - creative activity, the purpose of which is to determine the formal qualities of industrial products

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2. TEMPORARY TYPES OF ART Temporary types of art include: 1) music; 2) fiction.

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Music is an art form that reflects reality in sound artistic images. Music can convey emotions and feelings of people, which is expressed in rhythm, intonation, and melody. According to the method of performance, it is divided into instrumental and vocal.

Music is characterized by its impact on the emotional state of people, the ratio of frequencies (pitches), volume, duration, timbre, and transient processes. Music is also divided into: folk and classical modern jazz military spiritual

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Fiction is a type of art in which speech is the material carrier of imagery. It is sometimes called “fine literature” or “the art of words.” Literature is a written form of word art. There are fiction, scientific, journalistic, reference, critical, courtly, epistolary and other literature.

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3. SPATIO-TEMPORAL (spectacular) TYPES OF ART These types of art include: 1) dance; 2) theater; 3) cinema; 4) variety and circus art.

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CINEMA - a type of art whose works (films or motion pictures) are created by filming real, or specially staged, or using the means of animation of events, facts, and phenomena of reality. This is a synthetic art form that combines literature, theater, visual arts and music.

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DANCE is an art form in which artistic images are created by means of plastic movements and rhythmically clear and continuous changes in the expressive positions of the human body. Dance is inextricably linked with music, the emotional and figurative content of which is embodied in its choreographic composition, movements, figures. Folk dance is a dance of a certain nationality, nationality or region. Stage dance is one of the main types of dance: - intended for spectators; and involves the creation of a choreographic image on stage.

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THEATER is a type of art that reflects reality, characters, events, conflicts, their interpretation and evaluation through dramatic action that arises during the actor’s performance in front of the public. In the course of historical development, three main types of theater were identified, distinguished by specific features and means of artistic expression: drama, opera and ballet theaters.

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CIRCUS is an art form: - involving the demonstration of strength, dexterity and courage; - including: acrobatics, balancing act, juggling, clowning, animal training, etc.

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4. The most MODERN TYPES OF ART (out of classification) These types of art include: Body art - the art of painting the body Autoart - the art of painting cars Installation art Computer graphics: 3D graphics Web graphics Pinup (PinUp) - from the English. pin-up, attach to the wall. A photograph of a beauty, a movie star, a pop singer, cut out from a magazine and pinned on the wall. Postal art - making postcards

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Anime and manga Manga are modern Japanese comics and animated films. Typically, manga is published in weekly and monthly magazines, often entirely dedicated to manga. Manga is not at all like the American and Russian comics we know: 1. It is usually black and white, with a color cover and several color spreads. 2. In Japan, manga is read not only by young children, but also by teenagers and adults. 3.The range of possible themes and graphic styles varies very widely, from children's fairy tales to complex philosophical works. Anime is modern Japanese animation.

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Visual poetry is an art form that combines the verbal and visual creativity of a poem whose lines form decorative or emblematic figures and signs.

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PAINTING

This is an image of artistic images in color. The word “painting” means to paint, that is, to write life. The art of painting was known in ancient times.

Oil and watercolor paints, tempera, and gouache are used in painting.

Paintings are created on a plane (paper, canvas, wood, glass, wall).

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EASEL PAINTING

Easel painting is intended only for rooms and halls. These are paintings created on an easel (i.e., on a “machine”).

These works can be freely transferred from place to place.

V. Serov. Girl with peaches.

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MONUMENTAL PAINTING

Monumental painting is associated with architecture. These are large paintings that decorate the building inside and outside on the walls and ceilings. These are paintings, frescoes, mosaics, stained glass windows.

Our Lady of Vladimir.

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MINIATURE PAINTING

Miniature painting decorates items of applied art, including jewelry. These are small paintings that decorate handwritten books, medallions, watches, vases, and bracelets.

N. Suloeva. Lyudmila in the Chernomor garden.

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DECORATIVE PAINTING

Theatrical and decorative painting is associated with the design of the stage, with the production of scenery

Decorative painting for decorating buildings in the form of colorful panels, as well as household items (caskets, caskets, chests, dishes).

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SCULPTURE

“Skulno” (lat.) - “I cut out”, “I carve”. These are three-dimensional images of a person or animal, made in any material (wood, clay, plaster, stone, metal).

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MONUMENTAL SCULPTURE

Monumental - has large sizes and shapes, because it is placed on the streets, in parks, on the facades of houses and in spacious halls (monuments, decorative sculpture, reliefs).

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EASEL SCULPTURE

The easel painting does not exceed the depicted object in size. It is located indoors, in residential buildings, museums, squares, and parks. These are statues, portraits, genre scenes.

Boy's head. Ancient Rome. 1st century n. e.

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Its name comes from “grapho” (Greek) – “I write”, “I draw”, “I draw”.

This is an image (drawing) made on paper or cardboard with a pen, pencil, charcoal, ink, felt-tip pens using lines, dashes, dots, and strokes. Graphics come in black and white and color. Graphic works are drawings, sketches, sketches, book illustrations, labels, newspaper and magazine cartoons, posters, posters, fonts for books.

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EASEL GRAPHICS

Easel graphics decorate offices, galleries, and apartment walls.
Types of graphics – engraving, etching (on copper), lithography (on stone), woodcut (on wood)

Dutch engraving.

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BOOK GRAPHICS

Book graphics are related to the book. These are not only illustrations, but also typography. I. Bilibin.

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INDUSTRIAL GRAPHICS

Industrial graphics are associated with industrial products (design of packaging, stamps, postcards, certificates, labels, booklets, etc.).

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VOLUMETRIC STRUCTURES

Civil structures - residential buildings, government buildings, business buildings
Cultural buildings - temples, churches, mosques, synagogues.

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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

Landscape architecture planning of squares, boulevards, parks, gazebos, bridges, fountains.

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URBAN PLANNING

Urban planning is the creation of new cities and towns, as well as the reconstruction (renewal) of aged settlements.

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS

“Decor” (Latin) means “to decorate”, and “applied” indicates that things can be used in everyday life. These are artistically designed objects that a person uses in everyday life (dishes, furniture, fabrics, tools, weapons, clothing, jewelry, carpets).

Since ancient times, folk craftsmen have been engaged in decorative and applied arts (DAA) - individually, united in craft artels, workshops, workshops, or by forming folk crafts.

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Presentation - Types of art

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Kinds of art
Prepared by: Limanskaya Anna, 8 b

Art is a specific type of reflection and formation of reality by a person in the process of artistic creation in accordance with certain aesthetic ideals. Types of art are divided into 3 main types: 1) Spatial; 2) temporal; 3) spatio-temporal.

1. SPATIAL TYPES OF ART Spatial arts are divided into: - fine arts: painting, sculpture, graphics, photography and others; non-fine arts: architecture, decorative and applied arts and artistic construction (design).

SPATIAL Fine arts Fine art is a type of art whose main feature is the reflection of reality in visual, visually perceptible images. Fine arts include:
painting,
graphic arts,
sculpture,
photographic art

PAINTING is a type of fine art, works of which are created on a plane using colored materials. Painting is divided into:
easel
monumental
decorative

GRAPHICS - the art of depicting objects with contour lines and strokes. Sometimes the graphics allow the use of colored spots.

PHOTOART - the art of creating artistic photography

SPATIAL Non-visual arts
design (artistic design).
architecture
decorative and applied arts,

ARCHITECTURE - the art of: - design and construction of buildings; and - creating artistically expressive ensembles.

2. TEMPORARY TYPES OF ART Temporary types of art include: 1) music; 2) fiction.

Fiction is a type of art that uses words and structures of natural (written human) language as the only material. Literature is a written form of word art, in the broad sense of the word: the totality of any written texts.

3. SPATIO-TEMPORAL (spectacular) TYPES OF ART These types of art include: 1) dance; 2) theater; 3) cinema; 4) circus art.

CINEMA - a type of art whose works are created by filming real, or specially staged, or using the means of animation of events, facts, and phenomena of reality. This is a synthetic art form that combines literature, theater, visual arts and music.