The image of a woman-mother in the art of different eras. The image of a woman's mother through the centuries; birth; the ideal of motherhood in the art of different eras.

According to MHC

according to the textbook by G. Danilova “World artistic culture” 8th grade

Organizational information

Teacher's workstation (automated workstation), students' workstation (computer classroom for 12 seats).

Internet, local network.

Projector.

Interactive board.

Traditional board.

Handouts:

Assignments for groups (Appendix No. 1);

The “Key Words” table (Appendix No. 2) is used on the board, students draw and fill out the table in their notebooks;

Texts (Appendix No. 3);

A table for comparing pictures (Appendix No. 4) is used on the board, students draw in a notebook and fill out the table.

Template flowers

Hello guys!

We all remember the lines from the children's poem “We need different mothers. All kinds of mothers are important!” Indeed, this is an undeniable postulate.

The image of mother, mother, mommy is inexhaustible. It seems that no matter what side of life or being you touch, you will find its echo everywhere. “All the pride of the world comes from mothers,” said A.M. Gorky, “without the sun flowers do not bloom, without love there is no happiness, without a woman there is neither a poet nor a hero.”

It is no coincidence that these words of the mother sound like a hymn to life itself, and it is no coincidence that the image of the mother runs a bright line through world culture: so in the Renaissance - the Madonna with a baby in her arms, in Russian culture - deification in icons.

Guys, you see a diagram on the board - a sun. Let's write down the key words of our lesson instead of rays.

On the disk of the sun we will write down the purpose of our lesson.

Draw a diagram of the sun in your notebook.

Epigraph of our lesson words by M. Kuzmin; “After all, every mother is a Madonna, And every child is holy!” Why do I offer this epigraph? How do you understand it?

Teacher's conversation on the background of a slide show.

The mystery of female beauty has troubled humanity throughout the history of its existence. There is hardly an artist who would not try to comprehend this secret, but each one discovered it in his own way. The main and unchanged thing in this comprehension remained the ideal of motherhood, the sacred bonds of love between mother and child. From sculptures of the first artists of the earth, Madonnas of the Titans of the Renaissance, iconographic faces of the Virgin Mary, inspired musical hymns to the mother woman to the works of modern artists - this is the way to comprehend the ideal of female beauty and charm.

(G. Danilova World artistic culture. 7-8 grades. - M.: Bustard, 2006. - P. 83

Today, you and I will get acquainted with female images on our own.

The guys are divided into groups (according to the number of computers), they are given tasks, an execution algorithm, and laws of presentation (Appendix No. 1). When completing assignments, a textbook and electronic texts (scanned pages of a textbook or Internet sites) are used. You must find illustrative material yourself using Internet resources, or the pictures are placed in folders on your computer.

Guys, we are starting a presentation of our works.

The group introduces the topic. After each topic, the guys write down a key word and its explanation in their notebooks. At the same time, the key word and explanation are written in the table on the board (Appendix No. 2).

The guys presented two paintings on the interactive board. Let's get acquainted with the paintings using handouts (Appendix No. 3). Let's try to compare these paintings. We will use a red marker to connect the commonalities, and with a green marker we will connect the differences.

Now we will together fill out the table “Madonnas: moving towards” (see Appendix No. 4)

We can fill out the table. The guys offer conclusions that are recorded on the board. Then the notes are summarized by the teacher into one general conclusion, which is written down in the notebook.

Conclusion: Leonardo da Vinci and Petrov-Vodkin expressed the feeling of motherhood that penetrates into the depths of the soul and remains there forever.

At the beginning of the lesson, you and I filled out the diagram - the sun. We know that the sun promotes the growth of all life on earth. Let's imagine that our sun has grown flowers - knowledge. Look at your desks there are flower patterns. Write inside each flower what you learned from our lesson. Place flowers around our sun on the board.

Today we have learned a lot about the image of a woman in different centuries and in different countries. The teacher can read out the most interesting sentences from the template colors.

Guys, what other keywords can we add to our sun diagram?

Dear guys, our lesson is coming to an end. I thoroughly enjoyed our work together. I am very glad that you are so creative. But I hope that doing your homework will help you study more deeply the image of women in world artistic culture.

First option: Compare the images of Madonnas by Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci.

Second option: Compare the European image of the Madonna with the image of the Virgin Mary in Rus'.

Appendix No. 1

Group assignments

Themes:

"Venus" by the first artists of the Earth.

Sacred Face of Our Lady

Our Lady of Oranta

Our Lady Hodigtria

Our Lady of Eleusa

Russian icon painters: F. Greek, A. Rublev, Dionysius

Madonnas of the Titans of the Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci

Madonnas of the Titans of the Renaissance: S. Raphael

The majestic Slavic woman in the works of A.G. Venetsianova

Woman-mother in the art of the 20th century.

Madonna K.S. Petrova-Vodkina

Exercise.

Fill out the presentation template 2 slides.

Select a texture (background) for a presentation on the topic.

Choose music to accompany.

Prepare a presentation. Distribute the text in the group so that all participants are involved.

Appendix No. 2

Word

Appendix No. 3

K. Petrov-Vodkin

Mother. 1915. H.M. 107x98.5. State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg

Motherhood, one of the artist’s favorite themes, is handled too much in the Russian style. The images of Russian women, whom the artist lovingly and carefully depicts, are colored not so much in national, but in social shades. They have spirituality and a combination of chastity and vitality.

In the 1910s, the master developed, as it were, two images, two types of peasant mother.

Associated with the idea of ​​chaste austerity and purity is the feeling of deep blue. The beginning of full vitality is cast in a red color no less full. In “Mother” of 1913, this color turns, as it were, into the color of the mother’s womb; it is not for nothing that it so invariably covers the hips of Petrov-Vodkin’s women. And so, throughout the entire creative evolution of the master, the full-blooded female appearance took root and became increasingly concrete. He fully defined himself in the film “Mother” of 1915. A number of researchers of Petrov-Vodkin’s art express the opinion that this canvas was finally rewritten by the artist no earlier than 1917. If this is so - and this seems plausible - then from this picture we could count the development of this vital maternal, or - more broadly - female type in the entire post-revolutionary work of the master. The mother in this painting by Petrov-Vodkin is a young woman with steep shoulders and a stately neck. Her red red skirt, which occupies the entire bottom of the picture, is flaming, loud and hot. The inclined lines of the wall, window and shrine - they will now become an invariable detail in many of the artist’s works - only enhance the almost statue-like density of her figure, the charm of her common people and at the same time almost “royal” posture. And most importantly, the very expression of the mother’s “face” has decisively changed. The slightly “lenten-humble” expression of the peasant mother of 1913, with her “sad and sleepy” look from under semicircular eyebrows, was replaced by a more open and bold expression. What is it worth just one turn of the head - so beautiful and free, as if freeing you from something burdensome or constraining!

Leonardo da Vinci

Madonna Litta

Madonna Litta 1478-1482

Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia

Names of paintings such as “Benoit” or “Litta” come from the names of the previous owners of the paintings.

"Madonna Litta" - completed several years later than "Madonna Benois". This time, the artist chose a more austere type of the Madonna’s face, kept the painting in a different color scheme, and even turned again to the tempera technique, introducing, however, a number of new techniques into it (Leonardo constantly carried out all sorts of experiments). But the main meaning, the ideological content of the work is the same as before: the same humanity, the same love for the genuine, living feelings of people permeates the entire work. The mother breastfeeds the child, fixing a thoughtful, tender gaze on him; a child, full of health and unconscious energy, moves in his mother’s arms, spins, and moves his legs. He looks like his mother: the same dark complexion, with the same golden stripes. She admires him, immersed in her thoughts, concentrating all the power of her feelings on the child. Even a cursory glance catches in “Madonna Litta” precisely this fullness of feelings and concentrated mood. But if we realize how Leonardo achieves this expressiveness, we will be convinced that the artist of the mature stage of the Renaissance uses a very generalized, very laconic method of depiction.

Completing the stage of long searches in the art of the Renaissance, the artist, on the basis of a confident and accurate embodiment of the visible, creates a poetic image in which the random and petty are discarded, and those features are selected that help create an exciting and sublime idea of ​​\u200b\u200ba person. Leonardo da Vinci, as it were, brings together the disparate efforts of his contemporaries into one whole and, in many ways ahead of them, raises Italian art to a new level.

Berezina V.N., Livshits N.A. Art of Western Europe XII-XX centuries, Iz-vo Gos. Hermitage., L. 1963

Appendix No. 4

Madonnas: moving towards

Characteristics parameters

Aspect analysis of the lesson

"The image of a woman-mother through the centuries"

To achieve the goal, the following tasks were solved:

Educational:

Introduce students to and show the variety of interpretations of female images.

Educational:

Create a group presentation on a topic.

Educational:

Respect for the masterpieces of world artistic culture.

The creative task required students not to reproduce information, but to create.

To effectively solve the problems of the lesson, elements of the health-saving education system were used.

Interdisciplinary connections with history, fine arts, culture, traditions of the Russian people, poetry, music.

Used during the lessonworking methods:

Methods of organizing and implementing educational and cognitive activities:

Verbal ( story) - to enhance the cognitive activity of students.

Visual ( demonstration , presentation, exhibition)

Practical work in groups

Reproductive

The students used the model (subsequence ) previously acquired knowledge

5. Partial search

The main stage of practical work was associated with independent search

6. Independent work

Independent study of material using ICT (information and communication technologies) contributes to the effective development of new information and its processing into new knowledge.

Methods used to stimulate and motivate learning:

Creating a situation of emotional experience (presentation + story + music)

Situation of surprise ( the use of poetry and music in the water part of the lesson, a story about the artist’s work)

Success Situations ( table reminders, encouragement during independent work)

Entertaining situations ( comparison)

Situations of novelty, relevance, (information about the popularity of these paintings)

The topic is designed for 2 lessons. All stages were logically interconnected and were aimed at implementing the main part.

1. Organizational - set the students up for work.

2. Introductory – interested and created intrigue

3. Story - helped create an artistic image

4.Working in a group allowed us to tune in, feeldraw your inspiration.

5. Practical work -functions of thinking and perceptionTia.

6 Reflection. Creation of the “Flower Garden of New Knowledge”. Summing up - evaluate the results, understand yourself.

At each stage of the lesson, meta-subject concepts were formed universal learning activities. Namely:

1. educational

2. figuratively - symbolic

3. regulatory

4. communicative

Metasubject the connection in the lesson can be traced and this is not just integration, the addition of one science to another, it is a kind of synthesis of knowledge, skills and abilities, it is the formation of a vision of the world, an understanding of the place and role of man in it.

Students, in the process of processing information on the topic and based on what they find, create a new group and collective information product;

They consolidate the ability to work with various sources of information, highlight main ideas, generalize, express their thoughts and defend their work.

Gain experience interacting in a group;

Consolidate the study of new terms, concepts, cultural phenomena;

Actualize and cultivate their aesthetic impressions

The lesson was aimed at :

Development of attention, imagination, memory of students.

Their awareness of the content of the lesson and the sequence of actions.

Formation of reflective, adequate self-esteem;

Formation of a holistic worldview that corresponds to the current level of development of science and society, taking into account the cultural diversity of the modern world.

Formation of a conscious, respectful attitude towards another person, his opinion, culture, traditions.

Through the development of the artistic heritage of the Russian people, the development of aesthetic consciousness and creative activity.

The use of electronic educational resources in the classroom increases the visibility and quality of the educational process.

The lesson goals were achieved, the lesson plan was completed, everyone received an assessment of their work, and the students learned the lesson material.

Literature and teaching aids:

Textbook G.I. Danilova. World Art. 7-9 grades. M., Bustard, 2005-2006

Educational publication World artistic culture. Optional course for grades 5-9 (10). Course for schools and classes in the humanities, grades 10-11 (11-12). Compiled by G. I. Danilova, Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, 2002.

Solodovnikov Yu.A. Textbook-reader “Man in world artistic culture”, grades 8-9, M. “Prosveshchenie”, 2008.

MHC in active teaching methods/ed.-comp. Yu.V.Gushcha. – Minsk: Krasiko-Print, 2008.

Use of media resources:

• ESUN “History of Art”, “Cyril and Methodius”, 2003

  Encyclopedia of Classical Music, Interactive World, 2002

  Artistic encyclopedia of foreign classical art. "Cominfo", 1999.

  Hermitage Museum. Art of Western Europe. Art encyclopedia. ZAO Intersoft, 1998.

  Russian Museum.

  Masterpieces of Russian painting

  Own media resources.

Purpose of the lesson: to get acquainted with the ideal of motherhood and sacrificial love for people. Lesson plan: - Repetition. - Studying new educational material - Consolidating the learned material. - Information about homework. - Lesson summary D/p: §9.3 p. 85, pres. p:57 Madonnas of the Titans of the Renaissance

The art of the High Renaissance, which had defined its main features by the beginning of the 16th century, would bring a different understanding of female beauty than that of previous artists. The titans of the High Renaissance: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael and Titian - strive to create a generalized image of a perfect person, beautiful both physically and spiritually. "The Annunciation" by Leonardo da Vinci

Numerous drawings by Leonardo da Vinci testify to how attracted he was to the theme of a beautiful young mother with her child. He depicted women with faces, sometimes serious, sometimes smiling, in poses expressing tenderness, with a look full of trembling feeling and quiet peace, and adorable babies - busy playing and having fun. Saint Anne with Mary and Child

“Madonna Litta” by Leonardo da Vinci is the pearl of the Hermitage collection. The painting depicts young Mary carefully holding a baby in her arms. Her bowed profile is full of exceptional beauty and nobility. Downcast eyes and a barely noticeable smile give the Madonna’s appearance extraordinary expressiveness and warmth, illuminating her with a bright maternal feeling. In this wonderful painting, the artist managed to convey his idea of ​​happiness, purely earthly joy

One of the greatest creations of world art was Raphael’s painting “The Sistine Madonna” (), which brilliantly embodied the idea of ​​motherhood, an earthly, realistic image of a woman-mother. She just took a barely noticeable step towards people. Her movement is calm and majestic. It seems that she is not walking, but floating in the clouds, and there is nothing hasty or deliberate in this movement of hers. She slightly attracts the baby to her, as if afraid to part with him, and at the same time holds him out to people. In this contradictory gesture of the mother, we feel the deep tragedy of what is happening.

The Madonna's eyes look trustingly and openly. A light, enlightened sadness colors her divine features. Yes, she understands perfectly well what severe and difficult trials of life are destined for her son. The baby clings to his mother, he looks a little surprised and frightened at the world spread out in front of him. What lies ahead for him? In the childish spontaneity and purity of view there is a premonition of future suffering.. Raphael “The Sistine Madonna”

The exceptional charm of this painting by Raphael lies in the natural combination of simplicity and solemnity, gentle femininity and royal grandeur. In it, the human rises to the divine, and the divine becomes earthly. Raphael "Sistine Madonna"

Michelangelo Buonarroti “Madonna Doni” The figure of Mary, Joseph and the infant Christ form a helical group, introducing a strong charge of plastic energy into the compositional whole. The painting is often called the "Tondo Doni" because, firstly, it belonged to the Doni family in Florence, and secondly, it has a round shape ("tondo" in English). According to the generally accepted hypothesis, the painting was executed for the wedding of Agnolo Doni with Maddalena Strozzi, whose coat of arms is carved on the frame.

Parts of the polyptych were separated back in the 17th century. Giorgio Vasari left us information about the location of the parts of the polyptych, many parts of which are lost today. “In the Church of Carmine in Pisa, on a board located in one of the chapels of the transept, he painted the Virgin and Child, at her feet there are several playing angels, one of whom, playing the lute, listens attentively to the harmony of sounds. Around Our Lady - St. Peter, St. John the Baptist, St. Julian and St. Nikolai - figures full of movement and life.” Masaccio "Madonna and Child"

Botticelli “Madonna Magnificat” The composition skillfully inscribed in a circle is one of the master’s most remarkable creations. The exquisite lines of the arms surrounding the figure of the infant Christ close on the crown of Mary. The ring of hands is like a kind of whirlpool, in the center of which a distant peaceful landscape is visible. Christ holds a fruit in his hand - a symbol of the immortality that he will bring to humanity.

Botticelli "Madonna Magnificat" The face of Botticelli's "Madonna Magnificat" is the ideal of beauty. Thin light skin, graceful facial structure. The expression of purity is complemented by a hint of tenderness visible in the rounded lips. The braided hair gives an earthly impression, reminiscent of the appearance of a peasant girl, but fashionable toiletries - a scarf and a transparent coverlet - transform the model into an ideal Madonna image.

The painting is named after the first word of the prayer of the Mother of God, the text of which is clearly visible on the spread of the open book. The Child Christ holds a pomegranate in one hand, and with the other leads the hand of the Madonna, who writes the beginning of a song of thanksgiving into an open book (Heb. From Luke, I, 46). Two boys, accompanied by a third, older one, hold a book and an inkwell, while two angels raise a crown over the head of the Madonna. Botticelli "Madonna Magnificat"

Slide 2

The art of the High Renaissance brought a different understanding of female beauty than in other eras. The Renaissance titans Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti, Raphael Santi, Titian create the image of a perfect man, beautiful both physically and spiritually. The embodiment of this ideal is the Madonna and Child Jesus - a sublime symbol of motherhood and sacrificial love for people.

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) painter, sculptor, scientist architect, anatomist, natural scientist, inventor, writer, musician, Benois Madonna, 1478. Hermitage

Slide 3

“Madonna Litta” is the pearl of the Hermitage collection. In the picture, young Maria carefully holds a baby in her arms. Her bowed profile is full of exceptional beauty and nobility. Downcast eyes and a barely noticeable smile give Madonna’s appearance an extraordinary expressive warmth, illuminating her with a bright maternal feeling. The artist managed to convey his idea of ​​happiness, the earthly joy of being and the holiness of a mother’s feelings.

Madonna Litta, 1490, Hermitage Madonna of the Rocks, 1483-1486, Louvre, Paris

Slide 4

The Sistine Madonna brilliantly embodies the idea of ​​motherhood, an earthly, realistic depiction of a woman as a mother. She just took a step towards people. Her movement is calm and majestic, there is nothing hasty or fussy about it. She slightly attracts the baby to her, as if afraid to part with him, and at the same time holds him out to people. This contradictory gesture of the mother hides the deep tragedy of what is happening.

Raphael Santi (1483-1520) painter, graphic artist and architect “Sistine Madonna”, 1513-514, Gallery of Old Masters, Dresden, Germany

Slide 5

“Madonna del Granduca”, ca. 1504, Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy “Madonna in the Armchair”, 1513-1514, Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy

Slide 6

Sacred Face of Our Lady

Icon of Our Lady of Vladimir, 12th century, unknown Byzantine master. Church of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi at the State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow Feofan the Greek. Icon “Our Lady of the Don”, 14th century, Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Slide 7

The eyes of the Mother of God are full of feeling, which in the Middle Ages was defined as “the joy of holy sorrow.” The baby gently presses his face to his mother’s cheek and wraps his arm around her neck. “Not on the throne, on her hand, with his right arm hugging her neck, looking into his eyes, leaning cheek to cheek…. There is no more dazzling miracle in the worlds, no revelation of pure beauty.”

Slide 8

In ancient Russian art, the image of the Virgin Mary is associated with the cult of Mother Earth. Both share common principles of holiness and motherhood. “An incomparable, eternal song of motherhood,” Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar said about the icon “Our Lady of Vladimir.” In ancient Russian icon painting, there are 4 types of images of the Virgin Mary.

The Sacred Ideal of Motherhood Madonna of the Titans of the Renaissance

The art of the High Renaissance brought a different understanding of female beauty than in other eras. Titans of the Renaissance Leonardo yes

“Madonna Litta” is the pearl of the Hermitage collection. In the picture, young Maria carefully holds a baby in her arms. Her bowed profile

The Sistine Madonna brilliantly embodies the idea of ​​motherhood, an earthly, realistic depiction of a woman as a mother. She just

Raphael painted more than 20 Madonnas, but the earliest work is “Madonna Conestabile”. Against the background of a landscape, a young woman is depicted with

Sacred Face of Our Lady

The eyes of the Mother of God are full of feeling, which in the Middle Ages was defined as “the joy of holy sorrow.” Baby snuggles gently

In ancient Russian art, the image of the Virgin Mary is associated with the cult of Mother Earth. Both share common principles of holiness and motherhood.

Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin (1878-1939)

“1918 in Petrograd” (“Petrograd Madonna”), 1920. State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

The theme of motherhood sounds differently in works created during the Great Patriotic War. Artists from the first days

The woman, holding her child close to her, is ready with her breasts and her life to protect her daughter from the bloody bayonet of a fascist rifle. One of

1. Develop aesthetic and emotional responsiveness to works of fine art, understand their artistic image.

2. Use expressive means in your work (lighting effects, composition, color).

3. Cultivate a caring, kind attitude towards people.

Equipment

1. visual range: Icon "Our Lady of Vladimir"

2. musical series: songs about women, mother.

During the classes

I Organizational moment.

Checking preparation for the lesson.

Organizing students' attention.

II. Setting goals and objectives for the lesson.

1. Report the topic of the lesson.

2. Setting goals and objectives for the lesson.

Acquaintance with the work of painters who depicted and glorified the image of a woman in their works. Perform the composition “Mother and Child”.

III. Work on the topic of the lesson.

Here are reproductions of paintings by very famous artists who captured the image of a woman on their canvases.

The secrets of female beauty have troubled humanity throughout the history of its existence. There is hardly an artist who would not try to comprehend this secret, but everyone discovered it in their own way.

The main and unchanged thing in this comprehension remained the ideal of motherhood, the sacred bonds between mother and child. From the Madonnas of the Titans of the Renaissance, the iconographic faces of the Virgin Mary to the works of contemporary artists - this is the way to comprehend the ideal of female beauty and charm.

Icon “Our Lady of Vladimir”

Guys, pay attention to the image of the “Our Lady of Vladimir” icon.

It is impossible to imagine medieval art of European countries without the widely depicted image of the Mother of God. In Western Europe, it was associated with the cult of the Madonna, and in Rus' - with the Mother of God, who was perceived as the protector and patroness of her native land, the intercessor of people before God.

One of the best images of Byzantine painting was this icon, painted in Constantinople in the 12th century. Then it was brought to Rus'.

The eyes of the Mother of God are full of feeling, which in the Middle Ages was defined as “the joy of holy sorrow.” These words accurately convey the main meaning. What is destined from above will come true.

The baby gently presses his face to his mother's cheek and wraps his arm around her neck.

Children's eyes are directed to the Mother, as if they are looking for her protection. Anxiety and sadness lurked on her stern face. With all the maternal tenderness in her appearance, one can feel the consciousness of inevitable sacrifice.

The artist Grabar called this icon “an incomparable, wonderful, eternal song of motherhood.”

In ancient Russian art, the image of the Mother of God was associated with the cult of Mother Earth; both had common principles of holiness and motherhood:

“The first mother is the Most Holy Theotokos, the second mother is the damp earth,” says popular wisdom.

The sparing color scheme, in which soft, dark tones predominate, still creates a feeling of calm, quiet and bright joy.

Years go by, centuries pass, but the theme of “Woman-Mother” in painting does not disappear.

The art of the Renaissance (xv century) will bring a different understanding of female beauty than that of previous artists. Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael - strive to create a generalized image of a perfect person, beautiful both physically and spiritually. The embodiment of such an ideal is the Madonna, the Virgin Mary with the baby Jesus Christ - a sublime symbol of motherhood and sacrificial love for people.

One of the best works on this topic will be “Madonna Lita”. Leonardo da Vinci.

On the desk “Madonna Litta” by Leonardo da Vinci.

Student performance

The painting depicts young Mary carefully holding a baby in her arms. Her bowed profile is full of exceptional beauty and nobility. Downcast eyes and a barely noticeable smile give the Madonna’s appearance extraordinary expressiveness and warmth, illuminating her with a bright maternal feeling. In this wonderful painting, the artist managed to convey his idea of ​​happiness, the pure earthly joy of being and the holiness of the best human feelings.

Student performance

One of the greatest creations of world art was Raphael’s painting “The Sistine Madonna,” which brilliantly embodies the idea of ​​motherhood. An earthy, realistic image of a woman-mother. She has just taken a barely noticeable step towards people. Her movement is calm and majestic. It seems that she does not walk, but hovers in the clouds. She slightly attracts the baby, as if she is afraid to part with him, and at the same time extends him to people. In this contradictory gesture of the mother, the deep tragedy of what is happening is felt. Madonna's eyes look trustingly and openly. The exceptional charm of this picture Raphael's work lies in the natural combination of simplicity, gentle femininity and royal grandeur.In it, the human rises to the divine, and the divine becomes earthly.

Student performance

Guys, we got acquainted with the work of Renaissance artists, but Russian artists in their work did not ignore the image of a woman - a mother. The recognized portrait painter, academician of painting A.G. Venetsianov, painted simple Russian women - peasant women engaged in difficult work.

On the board “On arable land. Spring"

"On the arable land. Spring" - this painting depicts a peasant woman in a long pink sundress and a scarlet kokoshnik. She leads the horses harnessed to the harrow. And to the side sits a playing child, whom the young mother looks at with love and tenderness. Behind the woman is the boundless Russian distance.

And here is another canvas by Venetsianov, “At the Harvest. In Summer.” The sun is mercilessly scorching, the sheaves are standing in rows, the hills are turning green. In the center of the picture is a woman reaper with a child in her arms, she tenderly hugs him, forgetting about fatigue. You look at this picture and remember the lines of N.A.’s poem. Nekrasova:

The village suffering is in full swing,
Share you! - Russian female share!
Hardly any more difficult to find....
The heat is intolerable: the plain is treeless.
Fields, mowing and the expanse of heaven.
The sun is beating down mercilessly...

On the desk “Petrograd Madonna”

The 20th century has arrived.

In the art of the 20th century, the eternal theme of motherhood sounded in a completely new way, glorifying the deepest and most sincere human feelings.

It found its most vivid artistic embodiment in the work of the artist K.S. Petrova-Vodkina (1878-1939). After the October Revolution, Petrov-Vodkin strives to understand the new relationship between man and the world. He embodied his understanding of the current historical events in the famous “Petrograd Madonna.”

A young woman with a child in her hands is depicted against the backdrop of revolutionary Petrograd, where a new era of human history began. Passers-by are rushing somewhere, some are stopping at the walls of buildings. But all this is just a temporary background to the main image of a woman-mother.

It is no coincidence that she turned her back to the city. Her main concern is taking care of the child, his present and future.

On the desk“Motherland is calling”

“Mother” This theme is interestingly embodied in the painting “Mother” by the artist A.A. Deineka (1899-1969).

Its composition is surprisingly simple: against a smooth background, a close-up image of a woman holding a sleeping child in her arms is depicted. The mother’s appearance conveys the majestic posture of Venetian peasant women and the tender, tremulous feelings for the baby clinging to her shoulder.

Contrasting the fragile, sleep-worn body of the boy with the strong and strong figure of the mother, the artist seeks to emphasize the inextricable spiritual connection that exists between them, the mother’s readiness to protect the child.

This theme will be heard in a new way in works created during the Great Patriotic War.

Everyone knows Toidze’s poster “The Motherland Calls.” During the harsh years of military trials, a maternal call was made to defend the Motherland. It is impossible to escape the direct, open gaze of a woman-mother.

The gesture of a raised hand reminds many of the famous image of Our Lady of Organa praying for the salvation of humanity.

Conclusion: At all times, artists have glorified the beauty of women. But it was the image of a woman-mother that was the ideal of female beauty.

IV. Generalization and consolidation of knowledge

Now let's move on to the practical part of the lesson.

V. Independent work

Task: Find your ideal woman-mother, think over the composition and complete the portrait “Mother and Child”

Stages of work.

1. Selecting the position of the sheet.

2. Layout of the drawing.

3. Pencil sketch.

4. Drawing details.

5. Human proportions.

6. Work in color.

VI. Lesson summary.

1. Today in class we got acquainted with the work of artists who glorified the beauty of a woman. What was and is the main ideal in the beauty of a woman in the work of these artists? Yes, the ideal, the main and unchangeable one, is the ideal of motherhood. The beauty of a woman is the beauty of motherhood

What embodiment does the image of a woman’s mother find in medieval art?

What ideal did artists of all times and peoples strive for?

What is the peculiarity of the embodiment of the image of a woman - mother in works of art in the 20th century. ?

Exhibition and analysis of the best works.

VI. Homework.

Homework instructions.

How similar and different the heroine of the picture is from the usual images of the Madonna.