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Today, there are different versions of the origin of man on Earth. These are scientific theories, alternative, and apocalyptic. Many people believe themselves to be descendants of angels or divine powers, contrary to convincing evidence from scientists and archaeologists. Authoritative historians reject this theory as mythology, preferring other versions.

General concepts

For a long time, man has been the subject of study of the sciences of spirit and nature. There is still a dialogue and exchange of information between sociology and natural science about the problem of being. On this moment scientists have given person specific definition. This is a biosocial creature that combines intelligence and instincts. It should be noted that not only one person in the world is such a creature. A similar definition can be applied, with a stretch, to some representatives of the fauna on Earth. Modern science clearly separates biology and leading scientists are searching for the boundary between these components. research institutes Worldwide. This area science is called sociobiology. She looks deep into the essence of a person, revealing his natural and humanitarian characteristics and preferences.

A holistic view of society is impossible without the use of data from it. social philosophy. Today, man is a creature that is interdisciplinary in nature. However, many people around the world are concerned about another question - its origin. Scientists and religious scholars on the planet have been trying to answer this question for thousands of years.

Human Origins: An Introduction

The question of the emergence of intelligent life beyond the Earth attracts the attention of leading scientists in various specialties. Some people agree that the origins of man and society are not worthy of study. Basically, this is the opinion of those who sincerely believe in supernatural powers. Based on this view of the origin of man, the individual was created by God. This version has been refuted by scientists for decades in a row. Regardless of which category of citizens each person considers himself to be, in any case, this question will always excite and intrigue. IN Lately modern philosophers began to ask themselves and those around them: “Why were people created, and what is their purpose for being on Earth?” The answer to the second question will never be found. As for the appearance of an intelligent creature on the planet, it is quite possible to study this process. Today on this question They try to answer the main theories of human origin, but none of them can provide a 100% guarantee of the correctness of their judgments. Currently, archaeological scientists and astrologers around the world are exploring various sources of the origin of life on the planet, be they chemical, biological or morphological. Unfortunately, at the moment, humanity has not even been able to determine in which century BC the first people appeared.

Darwin's theory

Currently, there are different versions of the origin of man. However, the most probable and closest to the truth is the theory of a British scientist named Charles Darwin. It was he who made an invaluable contribution to His theory is based on the definition of natural selection, which plays the role of the driving force of evolution. This is a natural scientific version of the origin of man and all life on the planet.

The foundation of Darwin's theory was formed by his observations of nature while traveling around the world. Development of the project began in 1837 and lasted more than 20 years. At the end of the 19th century, the Englishman was supported by another natural scientist, A. Wallace. Soon after his report in London, he admitted that it was Charles who inspired him. This is how a whole movement appeared - Darwinism. Followers of this movement agree that all types of fauna and flora on Earth are changeable and come from other, pre-existing species. Thus, the theory is based on the impermanence of all living things in nature. The reason for this is natural selection. Only the strongest forms survive on the planet, those that are able to adapt to current environmental conditions. Man is just such a creature. Thanks to evolution and the desire to survive, people began to develop their skills and knowledge.

Intervention theory

This version of human origins is based on the activities of foreign civilizations. It is believed that people are descendants of alien creatures that landed on Earth millions of years ago. This story of human origins has several endings. According to some, people appeared as a result of crossing aliens with their ancestors. Others believe that genetic engineering of higher forms of intelligence, which bred homo sapiens from the flask and their own DNA, is to blame. Some people are sure that humans arose as a result of an error in animal experiments.

On the other hand, a very interesting and probable version is about alien intervention in evolutionary development homo sapiens. It is no secret that archaeologists still find in various parts of the planet numerous drawings, records and other evidence that ancient people were helped by some kind of supernatural forces. This also applies to the Mayan Indians, who were allegedly enlightened by extraterrestrial creatures with wings on strange celestial chariots. There is also a theory that the entire life of humanity from origin to the peak of evolution proceeds according to a long-prescribed program laid down by an alien intelligence. There are also alternative versions about the resettlement of earthlings from planets of such systems and constellations as Sirius, Scorpio, Libra, etc.

Evolutionary theory

Followers of this version believe that the appearance of humans on Earth is associated with the modification of primates. This theory is by far the most widespread and discussed. Based on it, humans descended from certain species of monkeys. Evolution began in time immemorial under the influence of natural selection and other external factors. The theory of evolution indeed has a number of interesting proofs and evidence, both archaeological, paleontological, genetic and psychological. On the other hand, each of these statements can be interpreted differently. The ambiguity of the facts is what does not make this version 100% correct.

Theory of creation

This branch is called “creationism”. His followers deny all major theories of human origins. It is believed that people were created by God, who is the highest level in the world. Man was created in his image from non-biological material.

The biblical version of the theory states that the first people were Adam and Eve. God created them from clay. In Egypt and many other countries, religion goes deep into ancient myths. The vast majority of skeptics consider this theory impossible, estimating its probability at billionths of a percent. The version of the creation of all living things by God does not require proof, it simply exists and has the right to do so. In support of it, similar examples can be given from legends and myths of peoples different corners Earth. These parallels cannot be ignored.

Theory of space anomalies

This is one of the most controversial and fantastic versions of anthropogenesis. Followers of the theory consider the appearance of man on Earth to be an accident. In their opinion, people became the fruit of an anomaly of parallel spaces. The forefathers of earthlings were representatives of the humanoid civilization, which are a mixture of Matter, Aura and Energy. The anomaly theory suggests that there are millions of planets in the Universe with similar biospheres that were created by a single information substance. At favorable conditions this leads to the emergence of life, that is, the humanoid mind. Otherwise, this theory is in many ways similar to the evolutionary one, with the exception of the statement about a certain program for the development of mankind.

Aquatic theory

This version of the origin of man on Earth is almost 100 years old. In the 1920s, the aquatic theory was first proposed by the famous marine biologist named Alistair Hardy, who was later supported by another authoritative scientist, the German Max Westenhoffer.

The version is based on the dominant factor that forced the great apes to reach new level development. This is what forced the monkeys to exchange their aquatic lifestyle for land. This is how the hypothesis explains the lack of thick hair on the body. Thus, at the first stage of evolution, man moved from the hydropithecus stage, which appeared more than 12 million years ago, to homo erectus, and then sapiens. Today this version is practically not considered in science.

Alternative theories

One of the most fairy tale versions the origin of man on the planet is that the descendants of people were certain chiropteran creatures. In some religions they are called angels. It was these creatures that inhabited the entire Earth from time immemorial. Their appearance was similar to a harpy (a mixture of a bird and a human). The existence of such creatures is supported by numerous cave paintings. There is another theory according to which people early stages development were real giants. According to some legends, such a giant was half-man, half-god, since one of their parents was an angel. With time higher power stopped descending to Earth, and the giants disappeared.

Ancient myths

About the origin of man there is great amount legends and tales. IN Ancient Greece believed that the ancestors of people were Deucalion and Pyrrha, who, by the will of the gods, survived the flood and created new race from stone statues. The ancient Chinese believed that the first man was formless and came out of a clay ball.

The creator of people is the goddess Nuiva. She was a human and a dragon rolled into one. According to Turkish legend, people came out of the Black Mountain. In her cave there was a hole that resembled the appearance of a human body. Jets of rain washed clay into it. When the form was filled and warmed by the sun, the first man came out of it. His name is Ai-Atam. Myths about the origins of man from the Sioux Indians say that humans were created by the Rabbit Universe. The divine creature found a blood clot and began to play with it. Soon he began to roll on the ground and turned into guts. Then a heart and other organs appeared on the blood clot. As a result, the rabbit produced a full-fledged boy - the ancestor of the Sioux. According to ancient Mexicans, God created the image of man from pottery clay. But due to the fact that he overcooked the workpiece in the oven, the man turned out burnt, that is, black. Subsequent attempts got better over and over again, and people came out whiter. The Mongolian legend is one to one similar to the Turkish one. Man emerged from a clay mold. The only difference is that the hole was dug by God himself.

Stages of evolution

Despite the versions of the origin of man, all scientists agree that the stages of his development were identical. The first upright prototypes of people were Australopithecines, who communicated with each other using their hands and were no taller than 130 cm. The next stage of evolution produced Pithecanthropus. These creatures already knew how to use fire and adapt nature to their own needs (stones, skin, bones). Further, human evolution reached the paleoanthropus. At this time, the prototypes of people could already communicate with sounds and think collectively. The last stage evolution before the appearance of neoanthropes. Outwardly, they were practically no different from modern people. They made tools, united into tribes, elected leaders, organized voting and rituals.

The ancestral home of humanity

Despite the fact that scientists and historians around the world are still arguing about theories of the origin of people, the exact place where the mind originated has still been established. This African continent. Many archaeologists believe that it is possible to narrow the location to the northeastern part of the mainland, although there is an opinion that the southern half dominates in this matter. On the other hand, there are people who are sure that humanity appeared in Asia (in India and adjacent countries). Conclusions that the first people inhabited Africa were made after numerous finds as a result of large-scale excavations. It is noted that at that time there were several types of human prototypes (races).

The strangest archaeological finds

Among the most interesting artifacts that can influence the idea of ​​what the origin and development of man actually was were skulls ancient people with horns. Archaeological research was carried out in the Gobi Desert by a Belgian expedition in the mid-20th century.

On the territory of the former, images of flying people and objects heading to Earth from beyond were repeatedly found. solar system. Several other ancient tribes have similar drawings. In 1927 in the water area Caribbean Sea As a result of excavations, a strange transparent skull, similar to a crystal one, was found. Numerous studies have not revealed the technology and material of manufacture. Descendants claim that their ancestors worshiped this skull as if it were a supreme deity.

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Until now, the origin of man remains a mystery to scientists. Darwin's popular theory has a large number of unproven assumptions and weaknesses.

Due to the absence of some transitional links in the evolutionary chain, scientific minds around the world have been arguing about the origins of man for decades. There are no problems with explanations only for supporters of other theories - from mythological and fantastic to alien and mystical.

How have people explained their origins since ancient times? Let's try to remember the main versions of our appearance on planet Earth...

The main versions of the origin of man

Totemism

Totemism is considered one of the most ancient mythological ideas and is considered the first form of awareness of the human collective, as well as its place in nature. Totemism taught that each group of people had its own ancestor - a totemic animal or plant, a totem. For example, if a raven serves as a totem, then it is the actual progenitor of the clan, and each raven is a relative. In this case, the totem animal is only a patron, but is not deified, unlike later creationism.

Androgynes

The mythological version includes the ancient Greek version about the origin of man from androgynes - the first people who combined the characteristics of both sexes. Plato in his dialogue "Symposium" describes them as beings with a spherical body, whose back was not different from the chest, with four arms and legs and two identical faces on the head.

Model Andrej Pejic

According to legend, our ancestors were not inferior to the titans in strength and skill. Having become proud, they decided to overthrow the Olympians, for which they were cut in half by Zeus. This reduced their strength and self-confidence by half.

Androgyny is present not only in Greek mythology. The idea that man and woman were originally one is close to many world religions. Thus, one of the Talmudic interpretations of the first chapters of the Book of Genesis says that Adam was created androgynous.

Abraham before the sacrifice of his son

Abrahamic tradition

Three monotheistic religions go back to the Abrahamic religions - Judaism, Christianity, Islam, which originate in the legend of Abraham, who was the patriarch of several Semitic tribes and the first person to believe in one Lord God. They are also called “revelation religions” because the teaching is based on Revelation, in the words of Alexander Men, “the self-revelation of the Divine and His proclamation of His will to man.”

According to the Abrahamic tradition, the world was created by God - the Existent One from Nothingness, literally “out of nothing.” God created the man Adam from the dust of the earth “in our image and likeness,” so that man would be truly good. It is worth noting that both the Bible and the Koran mention the creation of man more than once. For example, in the Bible about the creation of Adam, it first says in chapter 1 that God created man “out of nothing in his own image and likeness,” and in chapter 2 that he created him from dust (dust).

Statue of Lord Shiva in Murudeshwar

Hinduism

Hinduism has at least five versions of the creation of the world and man, respectively. In Brahmanism, for example, the creator of the world is the god Brahma (in later versions identified with Vishnu and the Vedic deity Prajapati), who emerged from a golden egg floating in the world's oceans. He grew up and sacrificed himself, creating from his hair, skin, meat, bones and fat the five elements of the world - earth, water, air, fire, ether - and the five steps of the sacrificial altar. From it other gods, people and other living beings were created. Thus, in Brahmanism, by making sacrifices, people recreate Brahma.

But according to the Vedas - the ancient holy scripture Hinduism, the creation of the world and man is shrouded in darkness: “Who truly knows, who will proclaim here. Where did this creation come from, where did it come from? Further, the gods (appeared) through the creation of this (world). So who knows where it came from?”

Kabbalah

According to Kabbalistic teaching, the creator Ein Sof created a soul that received the name Adam Rishon - “the first man.” It was a construct consisting of many individual desires interconnected like the cells of our body. All desires were in harmony, since initially each of them had a desire to support each other. However, being at the highest spiritual level, similar to the creator, Adam took upon himself a huge spiritual light, which is equivalent to the “forbidden fruit” in Christianity.

Unable to achieve the goal of creation with this one action, the primary soul split into 600 thousand parts and each of them into many more parts. All of them are now in the souls of people. Through many circuits they must carry out a “correction” and reassemble into a common spiritual complex, also called Adam. In other words, after the “breaking” or the Fall, all these human particles are not equal to each other. But, returning to their original state, they again reach the same level, where they are all equal.

Evolutionary creationism

As science developed, creationists had to compromise with natural science concepts. The intermediate stage between the theory of creation and Darwinism was “theistic evolutionism.” Evolutionary theologians do not reject evolution, but consider it to be a tool in the hands of a creator God. Simply put, God created the “material” for the emergence of man - the genus Homo and launched the process of evolution. The result is a modern man.

An important point evolutionary creationism is that although the body changed, the spirit of man remained unchanged. This is precisely the position the Vatican has officially held since the time of Pope John Paul II (1995): “God created an ape-like creature, putting in him an immortal soul.” In classical creationism, man has not changed either in body or soul since creation.

"The Theory of Ancient Cosmonauts"

In the 20th century, there was a popular version about the extraterrestrial origin of man. One of the founders of the idea of ​​paleocontact in the 1920s was Tsiolkovsky, who announced the possibility of aliens visiting the Earth. According to the theory of paleocontact, once in the distant past, around the Stone Age, aliens visited the Earth for some business. Either they were interested in the colonization of exoplanets, or the resources of the Earth, or this was their transfer base, but one way or another, part of their descendants settled on Earth. They may have even interbred with the local genus Homo, and modern people They are mestizos of an alien life form and the aborigines of the Earth.

The main arguments on which supporters of this theory rely are the complexity of the technologies used in the construction of ancient monuments, as well as geoglyphs, petroglyphs and other drawings ancient world, which allegedly depict alien ships and people in spacesuits. Mates Agres, one of the founders of the paleovisit theory, even argued that the biblical Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed not by God's wrath, but by a nuclear explosion.

Darwinism

The famous postulate - man descended from apes, is usually attributed to Charles Darwin, although the scientist himself, remembering the fate of his predecessor Georges Louis Buffon, was raised in late XVIII centuries, ridiculed for such ideas, he cautiously expressed that humans and monkeys must have some kind of common ancestor, an ape-like creature.

According to Darwin himself, the genus Homo originated about 3.5 million years ago in Africa. This was not yet our fellow tribesman Homo Sapiens, whose age today is dated back to approximately 200 thousand years, but the first representative of the genus Homo - an ape, a hominid. In the course of evolution, he began to walk on two legs, use his hands as tools, and began to develop progressive transformation brain, articulate speech and sociality. Well, the cause of evolution, like all other species, was natural selection, and not God’s plan.

The origin of man is a mystery. Even Darwin's theory is not considered fully proven, due to the lack of transitional links in evolution. How else do people explain their appearance from ancient times to the present day?

Totemism

Totemism is considered one of the most ancient mythological ideas and is considered the first form of awareness of the human collective, as well as its place in nature. Totemism taught that each group of people had its own ancestor - a totem animal or plant. For example, if a raven serves as a totem, then it is the actual progenitor of the clan, and each raven is a relative. In this case, the totem animal is only a patron, but is not deified, unlike later creationism.

Androgynes

The mythological version includes the ancient Greek version about the origin of man from the Androgynes - the first people who combined the characteristics of both sexes. Plato in his dialogue "Symposium" describes them as beings with a spherical body, whose back was not different from the chest, with four arms and legs and two identical faces on the head. According to legend, our ancestors were not inferior to the titans in strength and skill. Having become proud, they decided to overthrow the Olympians, for which they were cut in half by Zeus. This reduced their strength and self-confidence by half.
Androgyny is not only present in Greek mythology. The idea that man and woman were originally one is close to many world religions. Thus, one of the Talmudic interpretations of the first chapters of the Book of Genesis says that Adam was created androgynous.

Abrahamic tradition

The Abrahamic religions include three monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam), which go back to Abraham, the patriarch of the Semitic tribes, the first person to believe in the Lord. According to the Abrahamic tradition, the world was created by God - the One from Nothingness, literally “out of nothing.” God created man, Adam, from the dust of the earth “in our image and likeness,” so that man would be truly good. It is worth noting that both the Bible and the Koran mention the creation of man more than once. For example, in the Bible about the creation of Adam, it first says in chapter 1 that God created man “out of nothing in his own image and likeness,” and in chapter 2 that he created him from dust (dust).

Hinduism

In Hinduism, there are at least five versions of the creation of the world and man, respectively. In Brahmanism, for example, the creator of the world is the god Brahma (in later versions identified with Vishnu and the Vedic deity Prajapati), who emerged from a golden egg floating in the world's oceans. He grew up and sacrificed himself, creating from his hair, skin, meat, bones and fat the five elements of the world - earth, water, air, fire, ether - and the five steps of the sacrificial altar. Gods, people and other living beings were created from it. Thus, in Brahmanism, by making sacrifices, people recreate Brahma.
But according to the Vedas - the ancient sacred scripture of Hinduism, the creation of the world and man is shrouded in darkness: “Who truly knows, who will proclaim here. Where did this creation come from, where did it come from? Further, the gods (appeared) through the creation of this (world).
So who knows where it came from?”

Kabbalah

According to Kabbalistic teaching, the creator Ein Sof created a soul that received the name Adam Rishon - “the first man.” It was a construct consisting of many individual desires interconnected like the cells of our body. All desires were in harmony, since initially each of them had a desire to support each other. However, being on the highest spiritual level, similar to the creator, Adam took on enormous spiritual light, which is equivalent to the “forbidden fruit” in Christianity. Unable to achieve the goal of creation with this one action, the primary soul split into 600,000 thousand parts, and each of them into many more parts. All of them are now in the souls of people. Through many circuits they must carry out a “correction” and reassemble into a common spiritual complex called Adam. In other words, after the “breaking” or the Fall, all these particles - people are not equal to each other. But returning to their original state, they again reach the same level, where they are all equal.

Evolutionary creationism

As science developed, creationists had to compromise with natural science concepts. The intermediate stage between the theory of creation and Darwinism was “theistic evolutionism.” Evolutionary theologians do not reject evolution, but consider it to be a tool in the hands of God the creator. Simply put, God created the “material” for the emergence of man - the genus Homo and launched the process of evolution. The end result was a man. An important point of evolutionary creationism is that although the body changed, the human spirit remained unchanged. This is precisely the position that the Vatican has officially held since the time of Pope John Paul II (1995): God created an ape-like creature by putting an immortal soul into it. In classical creationism, man has not changed either in body or soul since creation.

"The Theory of Ancient Cosmonauts"

In the 20th century, there was a popular version about the extraterrestrial origin of man. One of the founders of the idea of ​​paleocontact in the 20s was Tsiolkovsky, who announced the possibility of aliens visiting the earth. According to the theory of paleocontact, once in the distant past, around the Stone Age, aliens visited the Earth for some business. Either they were interested in the colonization of exoplanets, or the resources of the Earth, or this was their transfer base, but one way or another, part of their descendants settled on Earth. They may have even mixed with the local genus Homo, and modern humans are a cross between an alien life form and the aborigines of Earth.

According to Darwin himself, the genus homo originated somewhere around 3.5 million in Africa. This was not yet our fellow tribesman Homo Sapiens, whose age today is dated back to approximately 200 thousand years, but the first representative of the genus Homo - an ape, a hominid. In the course of evolution, he began to walk on two legs, use his hands as tools, he began to have progressive brain transformations, articulate speech and sociality. Well, the cause of evolution, like all other species, was natural selection, and not God’s plan.

Today I will cover the topic that I promised in one of my previous posts, namely, where did man come from on Earth?

Looking ahead, I will say that I have found a clear answer to this question. With evidence.

First, let's look at what stories there are about the origins of man. Officially it is believed that it came from a monkey. Believers, relying on the sacred Talmuds, sincerely believe that God created everything, including man. The trick is that both of these options are THEORIES, not supported by facts. Today I will break down both of these theories and give you a couple of facts. Make yourself comfortable, it will be interesting.

Debunking the theory of human origins from apes

Let's start with the fact that Darwin himself, who came up with this theory, at the end of his life renounced it. But she liked it so much to the right people, that she was elevated to the rank of scientific during her lifetime. Without having any real scientific evidence (at that time there was practically no scientific equipment). It is worth noting that even at that time there were many people who understood how blasphemous ideas religion preached - and they were actively looking for real answers to questions. The monkey theory turned out to be very convenient in this regard; it was given to people who were not satisfied with the church theory.

Now let's go over the facts.

Archaeologists have such a concept as a “cultural layer.”

Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia

Cultural layer is a layer of earth at the site of human settlement that preserves traces of human activity. Depending on the life expectancy of people in the settlement and their activities, the thickness of the layer varies from a few centimeters to 30-35 meters. In order to study traces of human activity and restore the history of the settlement based on these traces, archaeologists conduct excavations.

It is believed that the thickness of the cultural layer is proportional to the volume of life activity in the areas where the layer was deposited. The cultural layer extends deep into the mainland - strata that do not contain traces of human activity.

Visually it looks something like this

Agree that, unlike the theories and speculations of scientists, the data taken during the analysis of cultural layers have a logical scientific proof.

So, during deep excavations, traces of a Neanderthal are found. Moreover, they are very ancient from 600 thousand years BC to 40 thousand years BC.

Then traces of the Neanderthal disappear completely. This suggests that the Kramanje man completely replaced the Neanderthal man in a relatively short period of time.

« Before appearing in the evolutionary arenaHomoSapiens - modern man - his ecological apartment was occupied by a humanoid species called anthropologistsNeanderthalMan (Neanderthal), who thoroughly mastered this “ecological apartment” over several hundred thousand years of its development. Moreover, the Neanderthals displaced all other humanoid species from this ecological niche and were the only ones who reigned on Earth, and at the same time, they populated the WHOLE EARTH, all its climatic zones, but, nevertheless, for all these millennia, they never appeared different races Neanderthals. Only ONE RACE OF NEANDERTHALS reigned over the entire earth, each of whom was physically significantly superior

CRO-MANNON, was covered with thick hair, which they never got rid of, and most likely, they didn’t even try. Saber-toothed tiger was the only one serious enemy, which created some trouble for them. Neanderthals also ate their own kind.

Moreover, for them, prey and food were everyone who was not a member of their clan, herd or tribe. Of course, it is difficult to judge the intelligence of Neanderthals, but there is also no evidence that they were stupider than Cro-Magnon. And so, they reigned quietly for hundreds of thousands of years, until, about forty thousand years ago (according to anthropology), out of nowhere, suddenly modern man appeared in person... Homo Sapiens - modern man

- appeared immediately and everywhere. Moreover, he appeared naked, without hair, weak (compared to the Neanderthal) and at the same time on all continents. »

Quote from the book of the scientist - Rus, Nikolai Levashov “Russia in crooked mirrors, Volume 1. From the star Rus to the defiled Russians.”

Here are a few more points:

It turns out interesting that modern history origin of man - does not have any real evidence at all. At the same time, a theory that is logically obvious and has a lot of documentary evidence is considered heresy and fiction. Maybe it's worth thinking about this?

By the way, regarding the age of the finds and where historians get their data from in general. I understood these materials, dug into them and got a little excited. Do you know how historians date finds that they cannot date for one reason or another using radiocarbon dating? Do not know? It turns out it’s simple – by voting. A dozen scientists gather and vote by show of hands how old this find is. Very scientific, yes. Then, based on this vote, the age is decided, and all further data and research is adjusted to this age. And then a bunch of hangers-on and pseudo-scientists write dissertations on these studies. Like this modern science

I could write more on the topic of where and how man appeared on Earth, for example, for what purpose are we here, why other races appeared with us, what are our differences from civilizations from other worlds. But this information will greatly contradict what you know. Yes, what is there? When I came across this information, I didn’t believe it.

And when I received enough evidence, I ran into a problem.

Over the course of my life, I have accumulated enormous knowledge about our world (for I was constantly looking for this information). I based my worldview foundation on these data. Now I have received evidence that about 70% of this foundation is a lie. It’s not easy to admit that you’ve been deceived all your life. And purposefully carrying out work to systematically displace the old foundation and replace it with a new one is even more difficult. Moreover, these two systems conflict, because they are contradictory.

But restructuring needs to be done. This is the first and obligatory step towards the evolution of man as an entity. Without rebuilding the foundation, any global development is impossible.

Let me give you an example: we all know that a person uses 3-5% of his abilities. Show me at least one person who is working to reveal the other 95%. Don't know any of them? This is understandable; it is not customary for us to develop in this direction. And all because our system of perception is false - man is created in the image and likeness of God, and since we are a copy of God, we are perfect, we can engage in consumerism and do nothing. Sound familiar?

But if we discard this imposed system of perception of the world and take a closer look at the facts, it turns out that we are the descendants of ancient highly developed civilizations that arrived from other countries. star systems who had enormous abilities and high level development. And right away it will become disgusting and sickening to think about the primitivism into which each of us has slipped compared to our ancestors. It will become driving force

, motivation. It just so happened for the last thousand years in Rus' that only after feeling like a schmuck does a Russian person get the motivation to work on himself. Because under other circumstances you don’t want to work, and you’re too lazy.

We will learn all this and many other amazing things. If we make decisions to change and grow. If we want to get out of the vicious circle of everyday reality.

In the next post I will write where to find specific answers to any of your global questions.

Modern tupai give us some insight into what early primates might have looked like.
Life in the trees.

Early primates quickly became skilled tree climbers. To live in trees, you must first of all correctly judge the distance and cling tightly to the branches. The first task is solved by forward-facing eyes: this gives the animal binocular vision. To solve the second problem, tenacious fingers are needed. Both of these properties are the most important features primates. They all have a finger-
the hands are movable, and thumbs the hands are given the proper tenacity. Some apes, like humans, are also able to connect the tips of the large and index finger, forming the letter "o". This type of grip is used for very delicate manipulations. More importantly, primates have developed a large “thinking” part of the brain that coordinates vision and hand movements.

How it all began

Today there is only one species of people: homo sapiens (“homo” is Latin for “man”, and “sapiens” means “thinking”). However, scientists today believe that from the moment the first hominids (human-like animals) appeared on Earth in different time There were several different species of such creatures. Between 15 and 7 million years ago, Ramapithecus lived in Africa, Europe and Asia. They were ape-like animals, about 1.2 m tall, with a flat face and teeth similar to those of humans. They may have spent part of their lives on the open plains, foraging for food using sticks and stones. Ramapithecus is probably one of the first hominids, but it does not appear to have been our direct ancestor. Today scientists find in it more similarities with orangutans.

Our closest living relatives are the great apes. Gorillas and chimpanzees live in forested areas of Western and East Africa. Gibbons are found in rain forests South-East Asia, and orangutans inhabit the humid jungles of Kalimantan and Sumatra. Of these, gibbons are the least human-like.
Very useful thumbs.

Why are thumbs needed? Have a friend tape your thumbs to your palms so that you can't move them. Now try to take an object with one hand, say, a pencil or a cup. Or try to hold as many objects as possible. You will very quickly see how important it is for all these manipulations to have thumb, separated from all others.

"Southern Monkeys" from Africa

One of the earliest fossil finds associated with the “ape-man” is the skull of a child. It was dug up in 1924 near Taung, in what is now Botswana. This skull had both ape and human traits, and its owner was named "Australopithecus afarensis". Since then, many other fossil remains of australopithecines ("southern apes") have been found. All findings indicate that the brain of these animals was not very large (about 500 cm"), and large molars were used for grinding plants and fruits. Australopithecines were short (about 1.2 m in height)." Some were dense and stocky in build, others were fragile and graceful. Some scientists believe that these were
males and females of the same species. Some people refer to them as various types Australopithecus. The "Southern Monkeys" are the subject of much debate and their origins are still unclear.

"Lucy", the "southern monkey", found in 1974
These are some fragments of the skull bones of Sinanthropus - one of the “straightened people”. Scientists managed to assemble these fragments into a single whole and restore the complete skull of Sinanthropus. He had a supraorbital ridge, like apes, and a protruding jaw. There was a bony protrusion along the top of the skull, and at the back there was a thickening in the form of a kind of ridge. Both the skull and brain of Sinanthropus are larger than those of Homo habilis.
The story of "Lucy".

In 1974, American anthropologist Doi Johansen made an outstanding discovery when he dug up the remains of a young female “southern ape” just over 1 m tall in Ethiopia. She was named “Lucy.” "Lucy's" brain and teeth resembled those of a monkey, but she probably walked on her crooked legs in an upright position. Before this discovery, scientists believed that the “southern apes” lived on Earth about 2 million years ago. However, the age of the remains of "Lucy" was determined to be approximately 3-3.6 million years. This means that the “southern monkeys” appeared on the planet in a million years. extra years earlier than previously thought.

"Skillful Man"

At the same time that the “southern apes” were roaming Africa, another group of homipiids was developing side by side with them. They appeared a little later, about 2 million years ago. These were already the first real people, or “Habilids”. Perhaps their ancestors were more slender australopithecines. Homo haoilis ("handy man") was about the same height as the "southern apes", but had a larger brain - about 700 cm. "We know that "handy man" used a whole set of tools, which included fragments of stones , cutting and chopping tools (like knives), scrapers, as well as “tools” for making new tools.

The missing synanthrope.

Sinanthropus is a type of homo erectus. He lived in China about 500,000 years ago. In the 30s. XX century scientists have discovered a rich collection of fossil remains of this ancient man in one of the caves near Beijing. In total, fragments of 45 skeletons were found, including pieces of 14 skulls, 14 lower jaws, 150 teeth, as well as bones of 14 children. In 1941, shortly before the war between America and Japan, it was decided to send these finds to America. Scientists did not want such a valuable cargo to fall into the hands of Japanese soldiers. However, the bones never arrived at their destination. They disappeared without a trace on their way to the ship that was supposed to take them to safe place. The location of the remains of Sinanthropus 110 is unknown to this day.

Here is a photograph of the "Piltdown Man" skull, discovered in Sussex, England, at the beginning of the 20th century. Today it is recognized as one of greatest hoaxes in the history of science.
Neanderthals.

Even before the last “straightened people” disappeared from the face of the Earth, another species of human beings appeared on it. Homo sapiens ("thinking man") first appeared about 250,000 years ago. After another 180,000 years (that is, 70,000 years ago), Neanderthal man settled in Europe. Compared to their predecessors, Neanderthals were larger in all respects, hiding behind a wide, convex forehead was a brain like that of a modern person - 1330 cm." We know a lot about Neanderthals. They lived during the Great Ice Age, so they had to wear clothes, made from animal skins, and take refuge from the cold in the depths of the caves. Average duration The lifespan of men was about 30 years, and that of women 23 years. Many of them suffered from arthritis. Most were right-handed. There are some signs that Neanderthals believed in an afterlife: they ceremoniously buried their dead and even laid flowers on their graves.

Hunters of ancient people
Louis Leakey (1903-1972), Mary Leakey (b. 1913) and their son Richard (b. 1944) discovered many fossil remains of ancient people in the Oldowan Gorge in Tanzania. Their first important discovery was the discovery of Australopithecus, nicknamed the “nutcracker”. Later they discovered the first “skilled man”, and also found the remains of several “straightened people”. Lately, Richard Leakey has been excavating in other areas of Africa.
These unique fossilized prints were discovered by Mary Leakey in 1978 in Tanzania. Their age is estimated at 3.75 million years, and they were imprinted in a layer of volcanic mud and ash, which later hardened. The result was something like " plaster cast"the feet of our distant ancestors, who went out for a walk - a kind of prehistoric "family picnic".
The man who never existed.

In 1912, several skull fragments and a broken jawbone of an ancient man were discovered near Piltdown in Sussex, England. At that time, the find became a real sensation, but soon some experts began to be overcome by doubts. In 1953, the Piltdown bones were carefully examined to determine their age. The result was unexpected. It turned out that the jaw bone belonged to an orangutan 500 years ago, and the skull belonged to an ordinary modern person. The bones were coated with a special coating, and the teeth were carefully filed to give them a prehistoric appearance. All this turned out to be a skillful fake. Piltdown Man went down in the history of science as a hoax, exposed only 40 years after it took place. The “joker” himself was never found.

Head of a Neanderthal man.
A look into the future.

At first, human evolution occurred very slowly. It took almost 7 million years since the appearance of our ancient ancestors, so that humanity reaches the stage at which it learns to create the first cave paintings. But as soon as the “thinking man” firmly established himself on Earth, all human abilities began to develop rapidly. For some 100,000 years separating us from the first rock paintings, man has become the dominant form of life on Earth. We even managed to leave our home planet and begin space exploration.
It is difficult to say what people will be like after 10,000 years, but it is possible. increase
It’s arrogant to say that they will change a lot. In general, we have changed a lot over the past 400 years, and even since the beginning of this century. Today's soldier would hardly fit into knightly armor of the 15th century. Average height medieval warrior was equal to 16^ cm. Nowadays average height British military personnel are 172 cm. The current supermodel would never be able to squeeze into the dress that her great-great-grandmother wore. Even if she managed to bring her waist to 45 cm, like her relative's victorian era, she would still be 30 cm taller! If our evolution continues in the same direction as it has so far, our faces will become increasingly flatter and our lower jaws will become smaller. Our brain will become larger, and we ourselves will most likely grow up. Well, because many of us. prefer a sedentary lifestyle, it is possible that our, so to speak, lower body will also increase!
As the Great Ice Age came to an end, modern people began to transition to a new way of life. Over time, they began to found settlements where large communities arose. The dawn of civilization was approaching. 10,000 years ago there were only about 10 million people in the entire world. However, around 4,000 years ago their numbers began to increase rapidly. By 55 BC, when Julius Caesar invaded the British Isles, the population globe reached 300 million people. Today it is already 4 billion and continues to grow.

The “southern apes” may have already used stones and bones as tools, but the “skilled people” were the first to learn how to make these tools. A piece of stone, clamped between the thumb and all other fingers, served as a good cutting tool. The flatter stones were probably used to scrape meat from bones. Tools with sharp edges were made using stone chippers. Homo erectus invented more modern tools: they were made from flint fragments. Even more subtle “tools” were created by Neanderthals. They processed flint fragments with the help of others stone tools, which were already held with two fingers - the thumb and forefinger.
"A cut above."

Recent studies have shown that our ancestors switched to upright walking, that is, walking on two legs, probably in order to avoid overheating. On the hot African plains 4 million years ago, walking on two legs gave them a number of advantages. For a person in an upright position, the sun's rays fell vertically on his head, instead of “frying” his back. Because the top of the head has much less surface exposed to the sun than the back, our ancestors should have been less likely to overheat. This means they sweated less, and therefore needed less water to survive. This allowed ancient people to become “head and shoulders above” other animals in the struggle for existence.

This is what scientists believe our long-vanished relatives looked like. As you can see, our ancestors gradually became taller and the further they went, the less they looked like monkeys.
Where should the hair be?

The transition to upright walking had other important consequences. For example, a two-legged animal no longer needed thick hair, which protected other inhabitants of the savannah from the ruthless sun rays falling on their backs. As a result, with the exception of the hair that covered the part of the body of our ancestors most exposed to the sun's heat - namely the head - they turned into the notorious "naked monkeys".

Beneficial coolness

Having started to move on two yogas, the ancient people seemed to have opened another extremely important “evolutionary door”. In an upright position, much most of the animal’s body moves away from the hot soil, and therefore from the heat that it emits. As a result, the body and head with the brain it contains overheat significantly less than if they were located closer to the ground. The cool wind, usually blowing 1-2 m above the ground, provided additional cooling of the body.
When scientists created powerful supercomputers, they had to equip them with a special cooling system. After all, large computers work very intensively and generate a huge amount of heat. It must be removed to prevent the computer from overheating. The same thing happens with the brain. By switching to upright walking, our ancestors thereby moved their own brains to a cooler environment, and this, combined with a very effective “cooling system,” allowed the brain to develop into a larger and more active one.

The man who came in from the cold
On September 19, 1991, a man whose age is 5300 years old returned to our world. Two tourists walking in the Austrian Alps suddenly came across the body of a man sticking out of the ice. There were scraps of clothing on the body, shoes on the feet, a quiver with two arrows, an axe, a flint for striking fire, a small flint dagger, something like a bag or backpack, a set of needles and a lot of hunting equipment. The Ice Man is the oldest corpse ever found. He lived on Earth almost 1000 years before the Egyptians began building their pyramids, and 3000 years before the first Romans appeared.