Interesting places where cultural monuments are located. Monument to mammoths in Khanty-Mansiysk

Moscow is one of the oldest cities in Russia. Throughout its history, it has repeatedly resisted hordes of enemies and been plundered or burned. Great people were born here, world-scale events took place. Even listing them briefly would take many days. Therefore, it is best to get acquainted with the history of Moscow through visiting its sights and monuments. After all, monuments are designed to perpetuate the memory of certain people and events that left the greatest imprint on history.

Famous monuments of Moscow

At the top of the ranking is the Kremlin. It is located in the center of the capital. The vast majority of excursions start here. To save it appearance regularly .
Next to the Kremlin is Red Square. Previously, there was a busy intersection here, connecting roads from nearby settlements. Rich merchants and nobles built around the tract, so there are architecturally beautiful buildings here.
Additionally, it is worth including the Grand Kremlin Palace; Senate Palace and Spasskaya Tower. The latter is equipped with a watch with an atomic mechanism, so all residents of the country rely on it.

Cultural monuments of the capital

Famous Moscow monuments dedicated to the cultural side of the capital's life are listed below:

The monument to Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, the founder of Moscow, located on Tverskaya Square. At one time, he founded a settlement with one church. During next years it grew to the size of a city and became the capital first of Muscovite Rus', and later of the entire Russian Empire.
Monument to Cyril and Methodius on Tverskaya Square. Thanks to them, writing appeared in Rus', which became a huge impetus for the development of the entire state.
Monument to Alexander Suvorov on Suvorov Square. Thanks to his wisdom and ingenuity, Russia has such a huge area and weight in the world.
Triumphal gate in honor of “Victoria” M.I. Kutuzov by Napoleon's troops. Interesting fact: The monument was moved 3 times. First it was placed on Tverskaya Square, then it was moved to Kutuzovsky Prospekt, and only later it found a residence permit on Victory Square.
GUM - important monument era of the USSR. Became the first hypermarket in the Soviet Union. The facade of the building faces Red Square.
The list is completed by a monument to the great singer Vladimir Vysotsky, installed on Strastnoy Boulevard.

Naturally, the list is incomplete. It reflects our memory and the greatness of Russia.

The most famous Moscow monuments in the world

The capital is rich in monuments that are valued all over the world:

Monument to Minin and Pozharsky on Red Square. IN Time of Troubles they gathered a militia of townspeople and peasants, which liberated Moscow from the Polish occupiers.
“Worker and Kolkhoz Woman” is a symbol of communism. It is known and appreciated by countries that are still following the communist path of development.
Significant from the point of view of Orthodoxy are the Arkhangelsk, Annunciation and Kazan cathedrals.
Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon.
The monument to Georgy Zhukov, as the leading commander of the Great Patriotic War, stands on Manezhnaya Square.

The largest monuments in the capital

We conclude our acquaintance with Moscow monuments with a story about the largest:

Monument to Peter I (height - 98 m) on the Moscow River.
Memorial in honor of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War on Poklonnaya Hill, (141 m).
Monument to Yuri Gagarin (42 m) - the first cosmonaut, erected on Leninsky Prospekt.

In the article above we touched on the description of part of the architectural heritage of Moscow. Monuments left outside the scope of the material are worthy of being included here.

Moscow monuments. They depict the history of the capital, important milestones its development, and sometimes it’s just urban sculpture: serious and cheerful, classical and modern, large sizes and very small, making you cry and laugh. The diversity is unimaginable!

Monuments of the city of Moscow by category:

Since the Middle Ages, in Rus' historical events It was customary to perpetuate not with monuments, but with the construction of various religious buildings: cathedrals, churches, small chapels, as well as the founding of monasteries.

Thus, for example, there appeared Novodevichy Convent(in honor of the capture of Smolensk in 1514), monument-chapel “Grenadier Heroes of Plevna” (in memory of the Russian-Turkish military campaign of 1877-1888), church in the name of St. George the Victorious on Poklonnaya Hill (in memory of the heroes of the Great Patriotic War) and many others.

Starting from the reign of Peter the Great, arches also received priority in monumental art (the first triumphal gates built of wood were erected in Moscow back in 1696 to commemorate the capture of the city of Azov).

The first sculptural monuments in Moscow

The first sculptural monument in Moscow was erected in honor of the liberators of the city during the Time of Troubles and the events of 1612 - Minin and Pozharsky. This happened in 1818.

The second monument appeared many years later - in 1877. It was a bust of Mikhail Lomonosov, installed in front of the university Auditorium building on Mokhovaya Street.

The third monument in Moscow was the monument to the poet Alexander Pushkin, which today stands on Pushkin Square.

In addition to monuments dedicated to individuals, monuments began to be erected in Moscow in memory of historical and military events.

The last obelisk erected before the 1917 revolution was a monument to the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty.

Post-revolutionary and modern Moscow monuments

The first in Moscow post-revolutionary monument became a memorial sign “To those who fell in the struggle for peace and brotherhood of peoples”, installed on the Senate Tower of the Moscow Kremlin. Participants in the battles on the city streets in 1917 were buried under it (later the place will become a government place with Lenin’s mausoleum standing in front of it).

In the years Soviet power Many monuments to heroes of war and labor, events of war and revolution, and international figures of the communist and liberation movement appeared in the city.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, on initial stage, a trend emerged identical to the first period of Bolshevik rule, which destroyed monuments to royalty and their associates. In the early 90s, communist cultural heritage was already destroyed.

In recent years, many monuments, monuments and sculptural compositions have appeared in Moscow. Some have become an adornment of the capital, others, such as Tseretelev’s Peter the Great, raise many questions.

Feature recent years was the appearance in the city of small sculptural forms, warmly received by Muscovites and guests of the capital.

The most famous monuments of Moscow

In the list below we will describe only part of the Moscow monuments that are most famous and located on the main streets of the city. You can find out about all the rest by going to the appropriate sections indicated at the beginning of this page.

Monument to Emperor Alexander II
The monument to Alexander the Second was unveiled in Moscow in June 2005 in close proximity from the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. The sculptural composition was made by sculptor A. Rukavishnikov in collaboration with architects I. Voskresensky and S. Sharov. This Moscow monument has become a tribute to the past of the current generation of Russians...

Monument to Vladimir Vysotsky
The monument to Vladimir Vysotsky - poet, musician and great actor - was erected on Moscow's Strastnoy Boulevard in 1995 and soon became one of Moscow's landmarks. The monument to Vysotsky was made by sculptor G. Raspopov...

Monument to pianist Elena Gnesina
A monument in Moscow in honor of the great pianist and teacher Elena Gnessina was opened on Povarskaya Street in September 2004. It was installed on the territory of the world-famous music school...

Monument to the Grenadiers - Heroes of Plevna
This is one of the oldest monuments in Moscow, which was installed on Ilyinka Street back in 1887 - in the days of honoring the victorious soldiers who liberated the Bulgarians from the Turkish yoke 10 years ago...

Moscow monument “Children - victims of adult vices”
This unusual monument was opened in September 2001 on Bolotnaya Square. It is not a separate sculpture, but a whole ensemble of 13 sculptures of vices and 2 children's figures. I've done the work famous sculptor Mikhail Shemyakin...

Monument to the writer Fyodor Dostoevsky
The monument to Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky was erected in the central part of the capital on Vozdvizhenka Street, not far from the main entrance to the Main Russian Library...

Monument to Marshal Zhukov
The monument to Marshal Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov was unveiled in Moscow in 1995 the day before to celebrate the 50th anniversary Great Victory 1945. It was installed on Manezhnaya Square in front of the Historical Museum...

Monument to Cyril and Methodius
The monument to the great educators and creators of Slavic writing Cyril and Methodius was erected in Moscow on Slavyanskaya Square. Every year, holidays of the Russian language and literature are celebrated at its foot...

Monument to actor Yevgeny Leonov
Opening this unusual monument in Moscow was in 2001. It stands on Mosfilmovskaya Street. Sculptural composition Evgenia Leonova is presented in the image of an Associate Professor from the popular film “Gentlemen of Fortune” in the Soviet Union...

Monument to artist Yuri Nikulin
The monument to Yuri Nikulin in Moscow was opened in September 2000 next to former place his works - the Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard. The actor is depicted in the image of the Goonie from the film " Caucasian captive», standing nearby with the car famous from this film...

Kilometer Zero sign
A unique monument to Moscow, the “Zero Kilometer” sign is located in front of the entrance to Red Square from the Manezhnaya side. Since its installation, it has become a place of pilgrimage for numerous tourists who make their wishes near it by throwing a coin over their shoulder...

Monument to Bulat Okudzhava
The monument to the bard Bulat Okudzhava was erected on his beloved and glorified Arbat. Grand opening monument, lined with maples, took place in 2002...

Monument to Peter I
This huge monument stands on the spit of the Moscow River and the Vodootvodny Canal. The monument was made by the famous Moscow sculptor Zurab Tsereteli. The installation of such a large-scale monument was accompanied by big scandals...

Monument to surgeon Nikolai Pirogov
The monument to Nikolai Pirogov is one of the oldest in Moscow. It was installed on what is now Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street back in 1897...

Fountain-monument “Princess Turandot”
This monument to Moscow, unusual in format, stands near the walls of the Yevgeny Vakhtangov Theater on Old Arbat. This capricious royal person eventually became the mascot of the local theater...

Monument to Pushkin and Goncharova on Arbat
This is not the only monument to Natalya Goncharova and Alexander Pushkin in Moscow (a rotunda fountain in honor of famous couple located on Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street). It was located opposite the house-museum of the great poet. Not only couples in love, but also numerous tourists like to take pictures against its background...

Monument to Generalissimo Alexander Suvorov
Monument greatest commander Alexander Suvorov was installed on the square named in his honor back in 1982, next door to the current Academic theater Russian Army. The sculptural composition was created by sculptor O. Komov...

Monument to book printer Ivan Fedorov
The monument to the first printer Ivan Fedorov has stood on Teatralny Proezd since 1909. This place was not chosen by chance, because not far from here there was a printing house, where it was published XVI century the first book in Russian...

Monument to composer Pyotr Tchaikovsky
A monument to composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky stands in the courtyard of the Moscow Conservatory. It was installed on the occasion of the celebration in Russia of the 100th anniversary of his birth. The author of the composition is sculptor Vera Mukhina...

Russia has always honored its heroes. And the monuments of Moscow are a clear confirmation of this.

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Photos of Moscow monuments with names and descriptions

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Today I present to your attention a selection of photos of Moscow monuments with names and descriptions. Photos were taken in different time. I did not set out to photograph monuments specifically - this is labor-intensive work. After all, there are monuments in Moscow great amount. But during our walks around Moscow, enough a large number of such photographs. And I decided to do small selection photographs, accompanied by short descriptions. All photographs of monuments can be downloaded for free.

Let's start our walk around Moscow and take a closer look at its monuments:

Photos of Moscow monuments

The monument to Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky was erected on Red Square on February 20, 1818. It is dedicated to the leaders of the people's militia who made a huge contribution to the victory over Poland in 1612.

The monument was built not only at the expense of the state. Fundraising for the monument began back in 1803. In 1808, a special imperial manifesto was issued to raise funds for the monument. Originally a sculpture folk heroes planned to be installed in Nizhny Novgorod, where the liberation of Russia from the Polish invaders began. But later it was decided to install it in Moscow.

Sculptor Ivan Martos presented the first version in 1807. Casting final version occurred in St. Petersburg in 1816

Monument to Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

The monument to Pushkin was erected in 1880 at the beginning Tverskoy Boulevard. In 1950, the monument was moved to a new location on Pushkin Square, where it remains to this day. The monument was made in bronze by sculptor Alexander Opekushin.

The monument to Pushkin, like the monument to Minin and Pozharsky, was built with public money. In 1860, graduates Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum a fundraiser was announced for the monument. For the first time, 30 thousand rubles were collected. In 1870, a second collection was carried out and in total more than 160 thousand rubles were collected. At that time very large sum. The competition was won by sculptor A.M. Opekushin in 1875.

The monument to Yuri Dolgoruky was erected in Moscow in honor of the 800th anniversary of the founding of the city in 1954. The monument was created by a group of sculptors, which included S. M. Orlov, A. P. Antropov, N. L. Shtam.

The Suzdal prince replaced the statue of General Skobelev, which stood opposite the Mossovet building - today the Moscow City Hall.

The decision to erect a monument to Yuri Dolgoruky was made at the very high level. I.V. Stalin personally supervised its creation. On his instructions, an entire expedition was sent to Kyiv to restore appearance prince It was planned to reburial the remains of the prince in Moscow. But it turned out that the prince’s grave was empty.

Stalin himself personally chose the design of the monument, created by the sculptor Orlov. Later she joined the work on the monument whole group sculptor and architects.

Monument to the Worker and the Collective Farm Woman

The Monument to the Worker and the Collective Farm Woman was created by the architect Vera Mukhina in 1937 for the USSR pavilion at the World Exhibition in Paris - you can read more about the monument on the page dedicated to it -

Monument to Dmitry Donskoy

Monument to Dmitry Donskoy - new monument. It was installed at the intersection of Nikolo-Yamskaya and Yauzskaya streets in 2013. This equestrian sculpture of the hero of the Battle of Kulikovo is made of bronze by sculptor Vyacheslav Klykov.

Monument to Peter the Great

The monument to Peter the Great by Zurab Tsereteli still causes a lot of controversy. It was erected in 1997 and it was a shock for many Muscovites and guests of the capital. The huge monument near Red October, whose height is 98 meters, has become one of the tallest monuments in Russia.

Peter 1 was depicted on a ship, and therefore there were intense rumors in the media of the late 90s that the monument was converted from a monument to Columbus, which both the USA and Latin America refused to buy.

Monument to Cyril and Methodius

The monument to Cyril and Methodius was erected near the Kitay-Gorod meters in 1992. The Kirill Methodius brothers are considered the creators of Slavic writing and these saints have always been revered in Russia. The monument was opened on the day Slavic writing and culture May 24, 1992. Sculptor - Vyacheslav Klykov.

Monument to Lenin on Kaluga Square

The monument to Lenin on Kaluga Square is one of the most spectacular monuments to Lenin and not only in Moscow. The monument was opened in 1885. We worked on the monument to L.E. Kerbel, V.A. Fedorov and architect G.V. Makarevich. The location for the monument was not chosen by chance. near this place on August 30, 1918 in V.I. Lenin was shot by Fanny Kaplan. In 1922 Kaluga Square renamed Oktyabrskaya. In 1993, the square returned its old name. Today, the name of the metro station, Oktyabrskaya, reminds us that the square had a different name.

The current monument is the third one built on this site.

The monument to Gagarin on Leninsky Prospekt was erected in Moscow in July 1980. Sculptor P.I. Bondarenko. This is a unique monument - it is made of titanium. The choice of metal for the sculpture was due to the fact that titanium is used to make the lining of spaceships.

Monument to Dostoevsky at the Russian State Library (Lenin Library)

The monument to Dostoevsky at Leninka was opened in 1997. The author of the sculpture is Alexander Rukovishnikov. The monument is made of bronze. Unusual composition caused many jokes among Moscow residents, to which the author himself always replied that this illustrates the culture of the residents.

Monument to the heroes of the First World War on Poklonnaya Hill

The monument to the heroes of the First World War was erected in Moscow on Poklonnaya Hill on August 1, 2014 in honor of the centenary of the start of the war. The authors of the monument are sculptors A. Kovalchuk, P. Lyubimov, V. Yusupov.

The whole country raised money for the construction of the monument. Cattle collected 99 million rubles. 74 million was allocated from the capital's budget.

The monument was unveiled during events dedicated to the 100th anniversary of Russia’s entry into World War I.

Russia has always had many monuments. But only a few became the most famous, the most iconic works of art. So, our top 10 famous monuments in Russia:

1. Monument to Peter I - Moscow

Official name - Monument “In Commemoration of the 300th Anniversary Russian fleet" The author of the monument was Zurab Tsereteli. The grandiose sculptural composition was installed on an artificial island on the spit, at the confluence of the Moscow River and the Obvodny Canal, not far from the famous Red October confectionery factory. The opening of the monument was timed to coincide with the celebration of the 850th anniversary of Moscow. The total height of the monument is 98 meters, it is the tallest monument in Russia, and one of the tallest in the whole world.

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2. Monument “Worker and Collective Farm Woman” - Moscow

"Worker and Collective Farm Woman" - outstanding monument monumental art, "ideal and symbol Soviet era", which is a dynamic sculptural group of two figures with a hammer and sickle raised above their heads. Author - Vera Mukhina; concept and compositional plan of the architect Boris Iofan. The monument is made of stainless chromium-nickel steel. The height is about 25 m. It is located on Prospekt Mira, near the Northern entrance of VDNKh.

Initially, the monument to a worker and a collective farmer was developed for an exhibition in Paris, but the resulting result stunned everyone. After all, not only fundamentally new materials were used for the monument (stainless steel had not been used before), but also new principles of construction. After all, before this, it was also not necessary to enlarge it 15 times from life; it was a grand experiment.

Notable Facts monument to a worker and a collective farmer:

· The monument to a worker and a collective farmer was delivered to Paris in 28 railway cars, but even this separation was not enough, because some parts did not fit into the tunnels and had to be cut further.

· Before the opening of the monument in Paris, sabotage was noticed in time, someone sawed off the cables of the crane that was assembling the monument at the exhibition, after which round-the-clock security was posted from volunteers and employees who came to assemble the monument.

· Initially, the monument to a worker and a collective farmer was assembled within 1 month; people worked in three shifts, sleeping only for three hours in a nearby barn, where a large fire was always burning in the center.

· In Paris, the monument was assembled in 11 days, although 25 days were planned.

· It is a symbol of the Mosfilm film studio.

· Dismantling, storage and restoration of the legendary sculptural composition cost the budget 2.9 billion rubles

3. Monument Motherland Calls - Volgograd

The sculpture “The Motherland Calls” in Volgograd is compositional center monument-ensemble "Heroes Battle of Stalingrad", located on . This statue is one of the tallest in the world, occupying 11th place in the Guinness Book of Records. At night, the monument is illuminated by spotlights. The total height of the monument is 85-87 meters.

Its military name is “Height 102”. During the Battle of Stalingrad, the most fierce battles took place here. And here they later buried the dead defenders of the city. Their feat is immortalized in the unique monument-ensemble “To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad”, erected in 1967 according to the design of the famous Soviet sculptor Evgeniy Vuchetich.

4. Monument-obelisk “To the Conquerors of Space” - Moscow

The monument to the Conquerors of Space was erected in Moscow in 1964 to commemorate the achievements of Soviet people in mastering outer space. This is a 107 m high obelisk lined with titanium panels, depicting the trail left behind by a rocket located at the top of the obelisk. The poetic lines of Nikolai Gribachev are laid out in metal letters on the façade:

And our efforts are rewarded,
What, having overcome lawlessness and darkness,
We forged fiery wings
To your country and your age!

Initially, the option of placing the monument on the Lenin Hills (today Vorobyov Hills) between the building of Moscow State University was considered. M.V. Lomonosov and observation deck overlooking Luzhniki. It was supposed to be made of smoky translucent glass with night lighting from the inside. The height of the monument was supposed to be 50 m. At the personal suggestion of S.P. Korolev, it was decided to cover the monument with a coating of “space” metal - titanium. The height of the grandiose monument doubled and amounted to 100 m, and the total weight of the entire structure was 250 tons. The final site for the construction of the monument was a vacant lot near the entrance to VDNKh and the metro station of the same name.

The monument became a symbol of the qualitative technological leap of its time: October 4, 1957 Soviet Union The first artificial Earth satellite was launched, on April 12, 1961, space began to speak the language of man - and this language was Russian.

Together with the obelisk he was born and new type building structure - leaning tower. History preserves in its tablets only one such structure - the famous “Leaning Tower”.

5. Monument “Millennium of Russia” - Veliky Novgorod

The Monument “Millennium of Russia” is a monument erected in Veliky Novgorod in 1862 in honor of the thousandth anniversary of the founding of the Russian state. The monument resembles a bell. His top part is a ball symbolizing power - the emblem of royal power. The total height of the monument is 15 meters. This is one of the most iconic monuments in Russia, more details about it.

6. Monument to Sunken Ships - Sevastopol

The Monument to the Sunken Ships is the most famous military monument of Sevastopol, was depicted on the Soviet coat of arms of the city and is considered one of the main city symbols. The monument is located in Sevastopol Bay, near the embankment of Primorsky Boulevard. The majestic and proud monument to sunken ships is one of the most beloved by residents and guests of the city. He is a symbol and business card Sevastopol. Height - 16.7 meters.

There is another monument that is significant for Sevastopol - the brig "Mercury" and Captain Kazarsky. This was the first monument in the then young city. About it .

7. Monument to St. George the Victorious - Moscow

The statue of St. George the Victorious is located on the territory of Moscow’s Victory Park and is part of the memorial complex on Poklonnaya Hill. Located at the foot of the obelisk dedicated to the 1418 days and nights of the Great Patriotic War. Saint George the Victorious strikes a snake, which is a symbol of evil, with a spear. The statue of St. George the Victorious is one of central compositions memorial complex.

8. Monument " Bronze Horseman" - Saint Petersburg

Bronze Horseman - monument to Peter I on Senate Square in St. Petersburg. The opening of the monument took place in August 1782. It is the very first monument in St. Petersburg. Later it got its name thanks to the famous poem of the same name A.S. Pushkin, although in fact it is made of bronze.

9. Monument to mammoths in Khanty-Mansiysk

The sculptural composition “Mammoths” appeared in Khanty-Mansiysk in 2007. The creation of this monument was timed to coincide with the 425th anniversary of the capital of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. The sculpture is located on the territory of the famous Archeopark. The sculptural composition consists of 11 bronze monuments. Total weight of these monuments exceeds the 70-ton mark. All monuments are set in life size. The height of the tallest mammoth exceeds 8 meters, and the smallest mammoth is only 3 meters in height.

10. Monument “Alyosha”

Memorial “Defenders of the Soviet Arctic during the Great Patriotic War” (“Alyosha”) - memorial Complex in the Leninsky district of the city of Murmansk. The main figure in the memorial is the figure of a soldier in a raincoat, with a machine gun over his shoulder. The height of the monument's pedestal is 7 meters. The height of the monument itself is 35.5 meters, the weight of the hollow sculpture inside is more than 5 thousand tons. “In its height” “Alyosha” is second only to the Volgograd statue “Motherland”. Nevertheless, it is among the highest monuments in Russia.

7 chosen

Moscow Kremlin and Red Square, historical Center St. Petersburg, white stone monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, the Kremlin of Rostov the Great, Kizhi Pogost, Peterhof, Solovki, the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Nizhny Novgorod, Kolomna and Pskov Kremlin - famous historical monuments Russia, the list of which goes on and on. Russia is a country with a huge cultural past, its history still keeps many secrets and mysteries, every stone of ancient Russian cities and monasteries breathes history, behind every human destinies. In these autumn days The multimedia project-competition "Russia 10" is coming to an end, giving us the opportunity to learn about the most famous and most beautiful places of our country and in the first place are the main historical monuments of Russia, the wonders of architecture and architecture, the magical creations of the hands of Russian masters.

Kizhi

On one of the islands of Lake Onega in Karelia there is the famous Kizhi churchyard: two wooden churches of the 18th century. and an octagonal wooden bell tower (1862). Architectural ensemble Kizhi is an ode to Russian craftsmen, the pinnacle of carpentry art, “wooden lace”. According to legend, the Transfiguration Church was built with one ax, which the master threw into Lake Onega, finishing his work without a single nail. Kizhi is the real Eighth Wonder of the World.

home historical value Rus' - the hands of its masters...

Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon

The Moscow Kremlin is a real treasury of monuments of Russian history and culture. Some of them are the Tsar Bell and the Tsar Cannon. They are famous not only for their size, but also for their amazing history...

The Tsar Bell was ordered to be cast by Empress Anna Ioannovna. At her request, foreign craftsmen were supposed to do this, but when they heard the required dimensions of the bell, they considered the empress’s desire... a joke! Well, who cares, and who cares. The father and son of Motorina, bell masters, began work. It didn’t take them as long to create the project as the subsequent approval by the Moscow Senate office, which lasted for 3 whole years! The first attempt to cast a bell was unsuccessful and ended in an explosion and destruction of the furnace structure, and after this one of the craftsmen, Father Ivan Motorin, died. The second casting of the bell was carried out by the master’s son Mikhail Motorin, and three months later, on November 25, 1735, the birth of the famous bell took place. The bell weighed about 202 tons, its height was 6 meters 14 centimeters, and its diameter was 6 meters 60 centimeters.

They took a cast, but didn’t pick it up! During a fire in 1737, a piece weighing more than 11 tons broke off from the bell, which was still in the smelting pit. The Tsar Bell was raised from the foundry pit only in 1836, thanks to Montferrand, knowledgeable in lifting heavy structures. However, Rus' never heard the voice of the Tsar Bell...

Tsar Cannon on Ivanovskaya Square is considered a monument to Russian artillery. The length of the bronze gun is 5 meters 34 centimeters, the barrel diameter is 120 centimeters, the caliber is 890 millimeters, and the weight is almost 40 tons. The formidable weapon was supposed to guard the Moscow Kremlin from the side Execution Place, but, according to weapons experts, its power was suitable for destroying fortress walls, but not for defense. Cast by the famous foundry master Andrei Chokhov in 1586 under Fyodor Ioannovich, it never took part in hostilities. According to legend, they fired from it only once - with the ashes of False Demetrius.

Mother Rus', everything is special for her - and the Tsar Cannon does not fire and the Tsar Bell does not announce good news...

Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God

On the day of the Intercession Mother of God In 1552, Russian troops stormed Kazan, the capital of the Kazan Khanate. In honor of this event, Ivan the Terrible ordered the construction of the Church of the Intercession in Moscow. How many legends and traditions are associated with it...

Previously, another church stood on this site - the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity, where St. Basil the Blessed, the most revered holy fool in Rus', was buried, collecting alms for the construction of this temple. Later, others began to be built around the Trinity Church - in honor of the most significant victories of Russian weapons. When there were already about ten of them, Moscow Metropolitan Macarius came to Ivan the Terrible with a request to build one large temple on this site.

The central tent of the Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God was consecrated first, then a small church was completed on the grave of the holy fool, and the temple began to be called St. Basil's Cathedral. The cathedral symbolizes the Heavenly Jerusalem - its 8 chapters create an eight-pointed Star of Bethlehem. According to legend, at the end of construction, which lasted 6 years, the king, delighted unprecedented beauty temple, asked the builders if they could do something similar. The price for an affirmative answer was the blinding of the craftsmen by order of the sovereign, so that there would be nothing more beautiful on earth...

Several times they tried to destroy the Temple, services in it were banned and allowed again, but it survived for centuries, just as the Russian land resisted all troubles.

The Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God is a beautiful and many-sided holy Rus'.

Peter-Pavel's Fortress

The Peter and Paul Fortress is the core of the city on the Neva, a historical, architectural and military engineering monument, one of the main symbols of Russian history. It was from Petropavlovka that the construction of the city of Peter began on May 16, 1703. All of it is history, the history of wars and revolutions, faith and love. Its bastions bear the names of Peter the Great's associates: Menshikov, Golovkin, Zotov, Trubetskoy, Naryshkin and Sovereign bastions.

In the center of the fortress is located Peter and Paul Cathedral- a symbol of the formation of a new city in Russia. It contains the history of the Imperial House of Romanov; the cathedral became the necropolis of Russian emperors, where their ashes from Peter I to Nicholas II rest. Near the walls of the Cathedral there is the Commandant's Cemetery, where 19 commandants are buried Peter and Paul Fortress(out of 32 who served her).

The fortress was also a defense Northern capital, and its state prison: prisoners of the Trubetskoy Bastion were Tsarevich Alexei, Decembrists, Chernyshevsky, Kostsyushko and Dostoevsky, Narodnaya Volya, ministers Russian Empire, Socialist Revolutionaries and Bolsheviks.

Petropavlovka, like Russia itself, is both an intercessor and a prison, but, nevertheless, the Motherland...

Monument "Millennium of Russia"

The monument "Millennium of Russia" was erected in Veliky Novgorod opposite the St. Sophia Cathedral and the former building of the Government Places in 1862 in honor of the thousandth anniversary of the legendary calling of the Varangians to Rus'. The anniversary of its opening is celebrated these September days.

Authors of the monument project: sculptors Mikhail Mikeshin, Ivan Schroeder and architect Victor Hartman. To create a monument-symbol of Russian history, a competition was announced, to which several dozen works were submitted. The winner was the project of young sculptors - M. O. Mikeshin, who graduated from the Academy just a year ago, and I. N. Schroeder, a volunteer student in the sculpture class of the Academy of Arts.