Pristavkin Anatoly Ignatievich. Anatoly Pristavkin: he taught us to be human

Anatoly Ignatievich Pristavkin was born on October 17, 1931 in the city of Lyubertsy, Moscow region. During the war, the boy was left an orphan (his mother died of tuberculosis, his father was at the front) and began to wander, and then ended up in prison. Orphanage. In 1944, the orphanage in which he was raised was transferred to North Caucasus- in the territory from which Chechens were deported.

Anatoly studied at a vocational school and worked from the age of 12. At the age of 14, he ran away from the orphanage, worked in Sernovodsk at a cannery, then at the airfield in Zhukovsky.

After the war, Pristavkin began to participate in amateur performances and began to write poetry himself, which was soon published in the newspaper.

In 1952, he graduated from the Moscow Aviation College and worked as an electrician, radio operator, and instrument operator.

After serving in the army, he entered the Literary Institute. M. Gorky, who graduated in 1959, studied at Lev Oshanin’s poetry seminar. In 1958, he made his debut as a prose writer (a series of short stories was published in the magazine "Youth" Military childhood").
In the early 1960s, Anatoly Pristavkin went to the Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station, worked in a team of concrete workers on the pit of the future station, while at the same time being a correspondent for Literaturnaya Gazeta on the construction of the hydroelectric power station. During these years he wrote the documentary stories “My Contemporaries” (1959); "Bonfires in the Taiga" (1964); "Lapia Country" (1960); novel "Dove" (1967).

Returning to Moscow, Pristavkin did not abandon the “Siberian” topic; he wrote essays about the construction of the BAM. Anatoly Pristavkin became widely famous thanks to the story “A Golden Cloud Spent the Night...” published in 1987, about Russian children sent at the end of the war to a boarding school in Chechnya, from where at that time all of them were deported local residents. The story was translated into all European languages.

In 1999, he wrote a three-volume documentary-based crime novel, The Valley of the Shadow of Death, which summarized his work on the clemency board. In 2000, his novel "Offended by the Zone" (2000) was published, in 2005 - three stories: "Judgment Day", "The First Day - the Last Day of Creation" (in the magazine "Neva") and "My Distant Carriage" (in the magazine "October"). Among the others famous works- "Cuckoo", "Soldier and Boy", "Drunken Heart Syndrome", "Ryazanka" and others. His novels and stories have been translated into many languages ​​of the world and have been published in more than forty countries.

Anatoly Pristavkin in addition literary activity was studying social work, collaborated with magazines, taught.

He was a member of the Union of Cinematographers, and since 1961 he was a member of the Union of Writers of the USSR (in 1991-1992, co-chairman of the Secretariat of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR).

From 1963 to 1966 he served on the editorial board of the Young Guard magazine.

Since 1981 he taught at Literary Institute, led a prose seminar; was an associate professor at the department of literary excellence.

Since 1988, Anatoly Pristavkin was co-chairman of the April writers' association at the Moscow writers' organization of the Writers' Union of the RSFSR (Russia), and editor-in-chief of the April magazine.

He was a member of the Temporary Monitoring Commission for the Observance of Constitutional Rights and Freedoms of Citizens, a member of the executive committee of the Russian Pen Center.,

In 1992-2001, Anatoly Pristavkin worked as chairman of the Commission on Pardons under the President of Russia. He was one of the authors of the booklet “How to Write a Petition for Pardon” from the “Know Your Rights” series, published by Community center promoting criminal justice reform. When the commission was disbanded, Anatoly Pristavkin, in the status of an adviser to the President of the Russian Federation (from December 29, 2001, March 30, 2004, by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, he was reappointed to this position) took part in the work of regional pardon bodies, traveled to zones and colonies, and interacted With international organizations, including with the Council of Europe. The series premiered in April 2004 documentaries"The Sky in a Cage", the author and presenter of which was Pristavkin.

Anatoly Pristavkin is a laureate of the 1988 USSR State Prize in the field of literature, art and architecture for the story “The Golden Cloud Spent the Night.” For the story "Kukushata" (1989) Pristavkin received the All-German National Prize for Children's Literature.

In 2002 he became a laureate international award named after Alexander Men for his contribution to the development of cultural cooperation between Russia and Germany in the interests of the peaceful construction of the European House.

Anatoly Pristavkin was married, he has three children and four grandchildren.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Anatoly Ignatievich Pristavkin. Born October 17, 1931, Lyubertsy (Moscow region) - died July 11, 2008, Moscow. Soviet and Russian writer, public figure.

Anatoly Pristavkin Born into a working-class family.

During the war, he was left an orphan (his mother died of tuberculosis, his father was at the front), was brought up in an orphanage, studied at a vocational school, and worked in a cannery in Sernovodsk.

The boy, like many wartime children, stole, wandered, begged, sat in distribution centers, then ended up in an orphanage in Tomilino, near Moscow. Subsequently, Pristavkin often talked about strangers who saved him and other children from starvation, about how he kept a photograph of a soldier who looked like his father.

At the beginning of the war, the orphanage was first transferred to Chelyabinsk, and in 1944 it was transferred to the North Caucasus. It was there, in Kizlyar, that what every orphan dreamed of happened - Tolya was found by his father returning from the front. Before meeting him, Pristavkin had every chance of becoming a teenager - he interacted with camp bosses, took part in street fights, and carried with him a Finnish jacket, specially machined for a child’s hand. My father's return changed everything.

After the war, he began to participate in amateur performances, began to write poetry himself - they were soon published in the newspaper.

In 1952 he graduated from the Moscow Aviation College. He worked as an electrician, radio operator, instrument operator.

After serving in the army, Pristavkin entered the Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky, where he studied in Lev Oshanin’s seminar and graduated in 1959. At the same time, Pristavkin made his debut as a prose writer - in No. 6 of the magazine “Youth” for 1959, a cycle of stories “Military Childhood” was published. During the construction of the Bratsk Hydroelectric Power Station, he became a staff correspondent for Literaturnaya Gazeta, while simultaneously working in a concrete crew.

During these years, he wrote the documentary stories “My Contemporaries” (1959); “Bonfires in the Taiga” (1964); "Seliger Seligerovich" (1965); the novel “The Dove” (1967), based on which a film of the same name was made in 1978. In the 70s and 80s, the stories “Soldier and Boy”, “Radio Station Tamara”, and the novel “Town” were published. Since 1981, A. Pristavkin taught at the Literary Institute, led a prose seminar; Associate Professor of the Department of Literary Arts.

Anatoly Pristavkin’s story, published in 1987, brought worldwide fame “The golden cloud spent the night”, touching on the topic of the deportation of the Chechen people in 1944. In his work, the author tried to speak frankly about what he himself experienced and what painfully burned his soul - the world is not worthy of existence if it kills children.

In 1988 she was awarded State Prize THE USSR. Within a few years of its publication, the story was translated into more than 30 languages. In May 1990, a drama film of the same name based on the story “The Golden Cloud Spent the Night” was released (Gorky Film Studio, 1989, director Sulambek Mamilov).

In 1988, the story “Cuckoo” appeared. In 1990 she was awarded the All-German national award on children's literature.

The stories “Soldier and Boy”, “Cuckoo”, novels “Town”, “Ryazanka” (1991), “Valley of the Shadow of Death” (2000), “My Distant Carriage” (2004), documentary story “Quiet Baltic” (1990) , a collection of fairy tales “The Flying Auntie” (2007) has also been translated into many foreign languages.

In 1991, he headed the council of the independent writers' movement "April" at the Moscow writers' organization of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR.

At the same time he joined the steering committee international movement for the abolition of the death penalty "Hands off Cain."

He was the secretary of the Writers' Union of the Russian Federation, a member of the Russian Cinematographers' Union, a member of the NIKA Film Academy, a member of the Board of Trustees All-Russian Federation sambo, member of the executive committee of the Russian PEN Center. For many years he was a permanent member of the jury International Festival films about human rights "Stalker".

Since 1992, Anatoly Pristavkin has been Chairman of the Pardon Commission under the President of the Russian Federation, and since December 2001, Advisor to the President of the Russian Federation on pardon issues. A. Pristavkin’s work as chairman of the first all-Russian commission on pardons was awarded with Gratitude from the Presidents of Russia and. The experience of A. Pristavkin in the Commission on Pardons is reflected in his documentary novel"Valley of the Shadow of Death."

In 2002, Anatoly Pristavkin became the laureate of the Alexander Men International Prize for his contribution to the development of cultural cooperation between Russia and Germany in the interests of the peaceful construction of the European House.

Since December 2008, the film festival has annually awarded special prize named after Anatoly Pristavkin.

In 2008, shortly before his death, he managed to finish the novel “King Montpassier Marmalage the First.” This is, in many ways autobiographical work, was conceived by him back in the late 1980s, but in 1991, during the riots in Riga, the manuscript of the novel disappeared from a hotel room, while Pristavkin was at the barricades calling on the troops to stop the violence.

The work uses fragments of the author's research dedicated to the life and work of Grigory Karpovich Kotoshikhin, a clerk at the Ambassadorial Prikaz, who was forced to flee to Sweden from persecution by the Moscow Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and executed in Stockholm on charges of domestic murder in 1667. The first reader of the novel's manuscript was the writer's close friend, President of the Russian Book Union Sergei Stepashin, who wrote a voluminous preface to the book. The novel was presented to the public by Marina Pristavkina at the opening of the Moscow International book exhibition in September 2008.

Over the ten years - from 1992 to 2001 - that the Pardon Commission headed by Pristavkin existed, 57 thousand prisoners had their sentences commuted, and almost 13 thousand the death penalty was commuted to life imprisonment.

In the summer of 2008, he was hospitalized due to problems with his pancreas. The doctors did everything to get him back on his feet. But after the operation his heart could not stand it. Anatoly Pristavkin died in the hospital on the morning of July 11.

He left his wife Marina and daughter Masha Farewell letter, in which he declared his love. He said that “Manka must graduate from the academy.” He apologized to his wife if “I couldn’t do something the way you wanted, but I tried.” He signed his farewell letter simply: “Your departing DAD.”

Personal life of Anatoly Pristavkin:

Anatoly Pristavkin was married twice.

In his first marriage, two children were born - Ivan and Daria, but the relationship did not work out with either them or his wife - Pristavkin generally spoke little about his first family.

He was much more willing to talk about his second wife, Marina, with whom he lived for the last 25 years of his life.

Pristavkin was 56 years old when he became a father for the third time. The girl Masha was born on October 15 - two days earlier than he himself. Their birthdays were always celebrated at the same time; two tables were set at home - for children and for adults.

IN personal diaries Pristavkin left many notes about Masha, in which he is simply a loving father: “Manka is taking care of a snail, has tamed a moth and even a mosquito,” “Today is Marisha’s birthday, the three of us took a photo - me, her and Manka next to a huge bouquet of gladioli,” “ Manka and I rode bicycles, chatted, and were so happy.”

Bibliography of Anatoly Pristavkin:

Country LEPiya. - M., Young Guard, 1961;
Little stories, - M., Soviet writer, 1962;
My contemporaries, - M., Soviet Russia, 1960;
Bonfires in the taiga. - M., Politizdat, 1964;
Seliger Seligerovich, M., Soviet Russia, 1965 (essays);
Dove. - M., Young Guard, 1967;
Siberian stories. - Novosibirsk, 1967;
Lyric book. M., Young Guard, 1969;
Ptushenka. M., Soviet Russia, 1969;
The Soldier and the Boy, 1972 (story);
From Bratsk to Ust-Ilim. M., Soviet Russia, 1973;
On the Hangar. M., Soviet Russia, 1975 (essays) - USSR SP Prize;
The stone is flammable. - M., Profizdat, 1975;
Angara River, - M., Profizdat, 1977 (essays);
Vanyusha and Seligerovich. - M., Soviet Russia, 1977;
Radio station “Tamara” (story), 1978;
Till your field. - M, Sovremennik, 1981 (essays);
Dove. - M., Moscow worker, 1981;
Big Angara. - M., Soviet Russia, 1982;
Soldier and boy. M., Soviet writer, 1982;
Novels and stories. M., Fiction, 1983;
Town. - M., Soviet writer, 1985;
The golden cloud spent the night, 1987;
Kukushata, 1989;
Quiet Baltic, 1990;
Ryazanka. - “Banner”, 1991, No. 3-4;
Valley of the Shadow of Death. In 3 books. M., AST, 2000-2001;
Valley of the Shadow of Death. M., Text, 2002;
Drunken Heart Syndrome, 2001;
My trailer is distant. M., Eksmo, 2006;
Golden Executioner, 2005;
Judgment Day, M., Eksmo, 2005;
Selected Prose. St. Petersburg, Art, 2006;
Flying Aunt (fairy tales), 2007;
King Montpasier Marmelazhka First, M., OLMA, 2008;
All that is dear to me - M., AST, 2009;
Collected works in 5 volumes, 2010;
Selected Prose, 2012

Screen adaptations of works by Anatoly Pristavkin:

1978 - Dove;
1989 - A golden cloud spent the night...;
2012 - My long-distance trailer

Anatoly Pristavkin - writer, most of whose works were published in Soviet times. His books have been translated into thirty languages. The main idea in his work is the assertion that the world has no right to exist if children die in it. Life and creative path This article is dedicated to this writer.

Childhood

Anatoly Ignatievich Pristavkin was born in Lyubertsy, near Moscow, in 1931. Often he recalled stories from his sad childhood. One of them was associated with family tragedy. The grandfather of the future writer once, long before the birth of his grandson, returning from the capital, began colorfully telling his household and neighbors about the strikes in St. Petersburg. This was in 1905. A few days after his return, the man was arrested. His only fault was the desire to tell last news to your friends. But after his release, the nickname “revolutionary” firmly stuck to him for many years.

Anatoly Pristavkin also never forgot all his life which his father so skillfully made. Thanks to the skillful work of the father of the future writer, all family members were well-fed, clothed and shod, which was quite a rare occurrence for the pre-war period. But soon the mother died, and the war began. And life took on sad shades.

Orphanhood

Anatoly Pristavkin lost his parents at the very beginning of the war. His mother died in 1941, and his father was sent to the front almost immediately.

The boy was destined for the difficult fate of a street child. He became one of many children orphaned by the war. Like other boys deprived of parental care, he wandered around the country, he was thrown into the most diverse corners of the Motherland. He visited the Urals and traveled all over the Moscow region. And finally he ended up in the North Caucasus, where street children were evicted in the last years of the war. This decision, which was made at the state level, was preceded by the deportation of the local population. The territory was empty as a result of the rapid operation. Perhaps Anatoly Pristavkin would not have become one of best writers Soviet period, if I didn't have so much sad facts in his biography.

Early years

Anatoly Ignatievich Pristavkin began working very early. Already at the age of fourteen he worked at one of the Caucasian canneries. Then there was an aircraft plant, which Anatoly Pristavkin later recalled with trepidation. His biography also includes years of studying in the evening department, the army, and participation in amateur performances. However, the small radio laboratory at the aircraft plant became almost home for Pristavkin.

While serving in the army, the artistic fighter was noticed and began to be used with all his might as a reciter of poetic works. And it was during this period that Pristavkin first decided to create something of his own.

First works

Anatoly wrote his first play, and then began to write poetry. At first he acted only as an author-reader. It was enough for him to pronounce his poetic works from the stage. The desire to expand the circle of listeners arose later. However, when, after the publication of his first works, Anatoly saw his lines typed in typographic font, he decided to devote himself to writing once and for all.

Literary Institute

After demobilization, Anatoly Ignatievich decided to get literary education and in 1959 he entered the Gorky Institute. As a student, he took a poetry course from one of famous authors those years. Teachers appreciated Pristavkin’s literary gift back when he was a first-year student. However, his talent, as professionals believed, lay not in writing poetry, but in writing works short prose. The first stories were published in a literary magazine in 1959. These works were translated into many languages ​​over the years. Their theme is the destinies of children crippled by war.

Taiga essays

After graduation, the writer went to Irkutsk region, for construction More in student years Pristavkin visited these parts, and the people living in the harsh taiga conditions made an unforgettable impression on him. Taiga essays were created here.

The next period in Pristavkin’s life is devoted to his work as a journalist in “ Literary newspaper" And soon he received the honorary title of member of the Writers' Union. “The Country of Lapia”, “Bonfires in the Taiga”, “Notes of My Contemporary” - the author dedicated these works to the taiga. And even after returning to the capital, Pristavkin did not lose touch with the Siberian expanses dear to his heart for many years and regularly flew there.

A Tale of Childhood

Real literary success came to Anatoly Pristavkin in 1988, after the publication of a story that took almost ten years to create. “The Golden Cloud Spent the Night” is a work that the author began writing in the early eighties. This book is full of tragedy and truth. It is a reflection of the reality that the writer happened to see in his childhood. The story has been translated into many languages. The film of the same name was shot the same year that Anatoly Pristavkin finished work on his work. Photos and stills from this film are located above. Later, the story “Kukushata” was written, the plot of which is no less tragic.

At the end of his life, the writer devoted a lot of effort social activities. Was awarded several awards. He died in Moscow in 2008.

"Hunger, incinerating human soul, turns it into a desert, reduces all thoughts, desires, hopes to one thing - to eat your fill.”

The book is a revelation, the book is a “cry from the soul,” a book about the unfair and difficult life of street children. And what’s even sadder is that this is not fiction, but such a soul-tearing reality.

Everyone should read such books, especially modern children, and adults who don’t know what deprivation is, don’t appreciate what they have now, cry when they’re not given new iPhone or new clothes, they are offended by their parents for not buying another toy or chocolate, in general book for those who are “overindulged”, who invent problems for themselves, who drive themselves into depression over trifles. I think everyone will find something for themselves in it, I wish I had read it in school years, but I will definitely recommend it to my children.

The main characters are two orphanage twins - Kolka and Sashka, identical in appearance, which they constantly used and confused everyone, but different in character. They practically do not spill water, they support each other like a mountain, but whatever, you can say that they are one whole. Incredible guys, despite the hunger, the need to steal, dodge, and deceive (at that time there was simply no other way to live), they still remain children, cheerful, naive, but mature and wise beyond their years.

First, life was described in an orphanage near Moscow during the war years; life there was very difficult, with its own laws, a world of street children. The director of the orphanage had no conscience at all; he stole from hungry children and stole everything. Constant nagging hunger, people were sold into slavery for a tiny bit of saccharin, only legends were told about sweets, no one had ever seen them.

And how great was their joy when they took the children to the Caucasus. Half a thousand orphans hoped for better life, they thought that now they would heal like a human being, but did they need a lot? We just had enough to eat, and we also dreamed of seeing the mountains.

But they ended up in a cruel hell... and how many of them were left in the end?

“The feeling of hopeless horror, which was the stronger the more of us there were! It seemed to multiply by the fear of each of us, we were together, but each of us had our own, personal fear!”

They were deprived of their childhood, they did not know joys, for them happiness was simply to look at bread and inhale its aroma...

“Then it will be possible to live again. Then there will be faith. Since there is a mountain of bread, it means the world exists... And you can endure, and be silent, and live on.”

Incredible strong book, after books like this you realize how happy you live. I want to breathe deeply and feel the aroma of fresh bread, breathe in and remember those guys... I want to say a lot, but it’s better to read for yourself.

(10. Book by a Soviet writer)