Do primitive tribes exist? Life of wild African tribes
North Sentinel Island, one of the Indian-owned Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal, is located just 40 kilometers from the coast of South Andaman Island and 50 kilometers from its developed capital city of Port Blair. These 72 square kilometers of forest are only one-fifth larger than Manhattan. All the other islands of the archipelago have been explored, and their peoples have long established relations with the Indian government, but not a single stranger has ever set foot on the soil of North Sentinel Island. Moreover, the Indian government has established a five-kilometer exclusion zone around the island to protect local people, known as the Sentinelese, who have been isolated from world civilization for thousands of years. Thanks to this, the Sentinelese contrast sharply with other peoples.
Residents of the island this moment are one of about a hundred uncontacted peoples remaining on the planet. Most are closely located in remote West Papua and the Amazon rainforests of Brazil and Peru. But many of these uncontacted tribes are not completely isolated. As the human rights organization Survival International notes, these peoples will undoubtedly learn from their cultural neighbors. However, many uncontacted peoples, whether due to the atrocities of the colonialists who conquered them in the past or a lack of interest in achievements modern world, prefer to remain closed. They are now a changing and dynamic people, preserving their languages, traditions and skills, rather than ancient or primitive tribes. And since they are not completely secluded, missionaries and even people who want to eradicate them for the sake of free land show interest in them. It is precisely because of their territorial isolation from other cultures and external threats that the Sentinelese are a unique ethnic group even among uncontacted peoples.
But this does not mean that no one has ever tried to contact the Sentinelese. People have been sailing to the Andaman Islands for at least the last thousand years. Both the British and Indians began colonizing the region from the 18th century. Over the last century, on most islands, even the most remote tribes have had contact with other ethnic groups, and their inhabitants have been assimilated more large people and even appointed to government positions. Despite laws restricting access to traditional tribal lands since the 1950s, illicit tribal contact occurs throughout much of the archipelago. And yet no one has yet set foot on the lands of North Sentinel Island, because its population responded to all attempts by modern scientists to visit the island with incredible aggression. One of the first encounters with the local population was that of an escaped Indian prisoner who washed ashore on the island in 1896. Soon his body, strewn with arrows and with its throat cut, was found on the coast. The fact that even neighboring tribes find the Sentinelese language completely incomprehensible implies that they maintained this hostile isolation for hundreds or even thousands of years.
India has tried for years to contact the Sentinelese for many reasons: scientific, protectionist and even based on the idea that it is better for the tribe to maintain contact with the state than with fishermen who accidentally swam here, destroying the ethnic group with diseases and cruelty. But the locals successfully hid from the first anthropological mission in 1967 and scared away the scientists who returned in 1970 and 1973 with a hail of arrows. In 1974, the National Geographic director was shot in the leg by an arrow. In 1981, a stranded sailor was forced to fight off the Sentinelese for several days before help arrived. During the 1970s, several more people were wounded or killed while trying to establish contact with the natives. Eventually, almost twenty years later, anthropologist Trilokina Pandi made some meager contacts, spending several years dodging arrows and giving the natives metal and coconuts—he allowed himself to be stripped by the Sentinelese and gathered some information about their culture. But, realizing the financial losses, the Indian government finally gave in, leaving the Sentinelese to fend for themselves and declaring the island a no-go zone to protect the tribe's habitat.
Considering what happened to the rest of the tribes of the Andaman Islands, this may be for the best. The Great Andamanese, who numbered about 5,000 before first contact, are now only a few dozen people after waves of migration. The Jarawa people lost 10 percent of their population within two years of first contact in 1997 due to measles, displacement and sexual abuse by newcomers and police. Other tribes, such as the Onge, suffer from rampant alcoholism in addition to bullying and insults. It is typical of a people whose culture has been radically changed and whose lives have been turned upside down by an outside force that has invaded their territory.
A Sentinelese man shoots an arrow at a helicopter
Meanwhile, video of the Sentinelese - some 200 dark-skinned people whose only "clothing" was ocher on their bodies and cloth headbands - showed that the tribe's inhabitants are alive and well. We don't know much about their life and can only be guided by Pandey's observations and subsequent videos taken from a helicopter. They are thought to feed on coconuts by cracking them open with their teeth, and also prey on turtles, lizards and small birds. We suspect that they extract the metal for their arrowheads from shipwrecks off the coast, since they do not have modern technology - not even the technology of making fire. (Instead, they have an intricate procedure for storing and carrying smoldering logs and burning coals in clay vessels. The coals are kept in this state for thousands of years and probably date back to prehistoric lightning strikes.) We know that they live in thatched huts, for fishing they make primitive canoes, with the help of which it is impossible to go out into the open ocean, as a greeting they sit on each other’s laps and slap the interlocutor on the buttocks, and also sing using a two-note system. But there is no certainty that all these observations are not false impressions, bearing in mind how little information we know about their culture.
Using DNA samples from surrounding tribes, and given the unique isolation of the Sentinelese language, we suspect that the genetic ancestry of the people of North Sentinel Island may go back 60,000 years. If this is true, then the Sentinelese are direct descendants of the first people to leave Africa. Any geneticist dreams of studying Sentinelese DNA for better understanding history of mankind. Not to mention, the Sentinelese somehow survived the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which devastated the surrounding islands and washed away much of their own. The inhabitants themselves remained untouched, hiding on the island's peaks as if they had predicted a tsunami. This gives reason to think about whether they have secret knowledge about weather and nature that could be useful to us. But this secret is carefully guarded, and, no matter how ironic it may sound, the Sentinelese are clearly not eager to teach us. However, if they make contact, due to their long isolation, the whole world will definitely be enriched, both culturally and scientifically.
But despite all the tribe's previous luck and attempts to maintain their isolation, we can see disturbing signs signaling the imminent forceful intrusion of the outside world into the life of the island. Thus, the murder by the islanders of two fishermen who were accidentally thrown ashore and the subsequent unsuccessful attempt to pick up their corpses - a helicopter with rescuers was driven away by arrows from the Sentinelese - led to a thirst for justice among the Indians. That same year, officials noted that the island's waters had become attractive to poachers and that some of them might be entering the island itself (although there is currently no evidence of poachers coming into contact with the Sentinelese). Today there is a real threat of collision. And when contact with the tribe occurs, the best we can do is to prevent the atrocities that drove the Sentinelese to cruelty in the past, and try to preserve their ancient history and culture as much as possible.
Author: Mark Hay.
Original: GOOD Magazine.
It seems to us that we are all literate, smart people, we enjoy all the benefits of civilization. And it’s hard to imagine that there are still tribes on our planet that are not far removed from the Stone Age.
Tribes of Papua New Guinea and Barneo. People still live here according to the rules adopted 5 thousand years ago: men go naked, and women cut off their fingers. There are only three tribes that still engage in cannibalism, these are the Yali, Vanuatu and Karafai. . These tribes take great pleasure in eating both their enemies and tourists, as well as their own elderly and deceased relatives.
In the highlands of the Congo there lives a tribe of pygmies. They call themselves Mong. The surprising thing is that they have cold blood like reptiles. And in cold weather they were capable of falling into suspended animation, like lizards.
On the banks of the Amazonian River Meiki lives a small (300 individuals) Piraha tribe.
The inhabitants of this tribe have no time. They have no calendars, no clocks, no past and no tomorrow. They have no leaders, they decide everything together. There is no concept of “mine” or “yours”, everything is common: husbands, wives, children. Their language is very simple, only 3 vowels and 8 consonants, there is also no counting, they cannot even count to 3.
Sapadi tribe (Ostrich tribe).
They have an amazing property: they have only two toes on their feet, and both are big! This disease (but can this unusual foot structure be called that?) is called claw syndrome and is caused, according to doctors, by incest. It is possible that it is caused by some unknown virus.
Cinta larga. They live in the Amazon Valley (Brazil).
A family (husband with several wives and children) usually has own house, which is abandoned when the land in the village becomes less fertile and game leaves the forests. Then they move away and look for a new site for a home. When the Sinta Larga move, they change their names, but each member of the tribe keeps their “true” name a secret (only their mother and father know it). Sinta Larga have always been famous for their aggressiveness. They are constantly at war both with neighboring tribes and with “outsiders” - white settlers. Fighting and killing are an integral part of their traditional way of life.
In the western part of the Amazon Valley live the Korubo.
In this tribe, it is literally survival of the fittest. If a child is born with any defect, or falls ill with a contagious disease, he is simply killed. They know neither bows nor spears. They are armed with clubs and blowpipes that shoot poisoned arrows. Korubo are spontaneous, like small children. As soon as you smile at them, they start laughing. If they notice fear on your face, they begin to look around warily. This is almost a primitive tribe, which has not been touched by civilization at all. But it is impossible to feel calm in their environment, since they can become furious at any moment.
There are approximately 100 more tribes that do not know how to read and write, do not know what television or cars are, and, moreover, still practice cannibalism. They film them from the air, and then mark these places on the map. Not in order to study or enlighten them, but in order not to let anyone near them. Contact with them is not advisable not only because of their aggressiveness, but also for the reasons that wild tribes may not have immunity from diseases modern man.
In today's world, where everyone lives according to a schedule, working around the clock and not looking away from their cell phones, there are some groups of people who focus on nature. The way of life of these tribes is no different from the one they led several centuries ago. Climate change and industrial development have greatly reduced their numbers, but for now, these 10 tribes still exist.
Kayapo Indians
The Kayapo are a Brazilian tribe that lives along the Xingu River in 44 separate villages connected by barely visible paths. They call themselves mebengokre, which means “people big water" Unfortunately, their big water” will undergo a dramatic transformation as the huge Belo Monte Dam is being built on the Xingu River. The 668 square kilometer reservoir will flood 388 square kilometers of forest, partially destroying the Kayapo tribe's habitat. The Indians fought against the penetration of modern man for many centuries, fighting everyone from hunters and trappers to lumberjacks and rubber miners. They even successfully prevented the construction of a major dam in 1989. Their population was once only 1,300 people, but has since grown to almost 8,000. The question today is how people will survive if their culture is threatened. Members of the Kayapo tribe are famous for their body painting, agriculture and colorful headdresses. Modern technologies are already penetrating their lives - the Kayapo are driving motorboats, watching TV, or even logging on Facebook.
Kalash
Situated in the Pakistani mountains, on the border with the Taliban-controlled region of Afghanistan, lies the most unusual tribe white, European-looking people known as Kalash. Many Kalash blonde hair And Blue eyes, which is in absolute contrast to their neighbors with more dark skin. Not only does the Kalash tribe differ in physical signs, they have a very different culture from Muslims. They are polytheistic, have a unique folklore, produce wine (which is prohibited in Muslim culture), wear brightly colored clothes and give much more freedom women. They are a decidedly happy, peace-loving people who love to dance and hold numerous annual festivals. No one knows for sure how this fair-skinned tribe came to be in remote Pakistan, but the Kalash claim they are long-lost descendants of the army of Alexander the Great. Evidence from DNA tests shows that they had an infusion of European blood during the time of Alexander's conquests, so there is a possibility that their stories are true. During for long years the surrounding Muslims persecuted the Kalash and forced many to convert to Islam. Today, approximately 4,000-6,000 members of the tribe remain, engaged primarily in agriculture.
Cahuilla Tribe
While southern California is most often associated with Hollywood, surfers and actors, the area is home to nine Indian reservations inhabited by the ancient Cahuilla people. They lived in the Coachella Valley for over 3,000 years and settled there when prehistoric Lake Cahuilla still existed. Despite problems with disease, gold rushes and persecution, the tribe managed to survive, although it was dwindled to 3,000 people. They're lost most his heritage, and unique language The Cahuilla is on the verge of extinction. This dialect is a mixture of Yuta and Aztec languages, which can be spoken by only 35 elderly people. Currently, the elders are trying hard to convey their language, “bird songs” and other cultural characteristics to the younger generation. Like most indigenous peoples North America, they faced the challenge of assimilating into the wider community in an attempt to maintain their old traditions.
Spinifex tribe
The Spinifex tribe, or Saw Nguru, are indigenous people living in the Great Victorian Desert. They have lived in some of the harshest climates for life for at least 15,000 years. Even after Europeans settled in Australia, this tribe was not affected as they occupied an environment that was too dry and inhospitable. Everything changed in the 1950s, when Spinifex Land, unsuitable for Agriculture, chosen for nuclear tests. In 1953 the British and Australian governments blew up nuclear bombs in the Spinifex homeland, without any consent and after a short warning. Most Aboriginal people were displaced and did not return to their homeland until the late 1980s. After returning, they faced heavy opposition when trying to legally recognize the area as their property. I wonder if they beautiful works art helped prove the deep connection of the Spinifex people to this land, after which they were recognized as an indigenous people in 1997. Their works of art received widespread recognition and appeared on art exhibitions worldwide. It is difficult to count how many members of the tribe currently exist, but one of their largest communities, known as Tjuntyuntyara, has an estimated population of 180-220.
Batak
On Philippine island Palawan is home to the Batak people, a tribe of the most genetically diverse people on the planet. They are believed to belong to a Negroid-Australoid race, distantly related to those people from whom we are all descended. This means that they are descendants of one of the first groups that left Africa approximately 70,000 years ago and traveled from the Asian mainland to the Philippines approximately 20,000 years later. Typical of Negroids, Bataks have short stature and strange, unusual hair. Traditionally, women wear sarongs, while men cover their body only with a loincloth and feathers, or jewelry. The entire community works together to hunt and harvest, followed by celebrations. In general, Bataks are shy, peaceful people who prefer to hide deep in the jungle without engaging in confrontations with outsiders. Like other local tribes, disease, territorial conquests, and other modern invasions have devastated the Batak population. Currently there are approximately 300-500 people. Oddly enough, among the biggest dangers for the tribe was defense environment. The Philippine government has banned logging in certain protected areas, and the Batak have traditionally practiced tree cutting. Without the ability to grow food efficiently, many suffer from malnutrition.
Andamanese
Andamanese are also classified as Negroids, but due to their extremely short height (adult males are under 150 centimeters), they are usually referred to as pygmies. They inhabit the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal. Like the Bataks, the Andamanese are one of the first groups to migrate from Africa, and developed in isolation until the 18th century. Up until the 19th century, they didn't even know how to start a fire. The Andamanese are divided into separate tribes, each of which has its own own culture and language. One group disappeared when it last participant died aged 85 in 2010. Another group, the Sentinelese, are so fiercely resistant to outside contact that even in the modern technological world very little is known about them. Those who have not integrated into the larger Indian culture, still live like their ancestors. For example, they use a single type of weapon - a bow and arrow - to hunt pig, turtle and fish. Men and women collect roots, tubers and honey together. Clearly, their lifestyle is working for them, as doctors rate the health and nutritional status of the Andamanese as “optimal.” The most big problems What they have is the impact of Indian settlers and tourists who force them off the land, bring diseases and treat these people like animals in a safari park. Although the exact size of the tribe is not known, as some still live in isolation, there are approximately 400-500 existing Andamanese.
Piraha tribe
Although there are many small primitive tribes throughout Brazil and the Amazon, the Pirahã stand out because they have their own culture and language, unlike many other people on the planet. This tribe has some quirky features. They don't have colors, numbers, past tense or subordinate clauses. While some might call the language simplistic, these features are a result of Piraha values of living only in the moment. In addition, because they live completely together, they have no need to ration and divide property. A lot of unnecessary words are eliminated when you have no history, don't have to track anything, and only trust what you see. In general, the Pirahã differ from Westerners in almost every way. They sincerely rejected all missionaries, like everyone else modern technologies. They have no leader and do not need to exchange resources with other people or tribes. Even after hundreds of years of external contact, this group of 300 people has remained largely unchanged since ancient times.
People of Takuu Atoll
The people of Takuu Atoll are Polynesian in origin, but are considered one of the isolated cultures as they live in the Melanesian region instead of the Polynesian triangle. Takuu Atoll has a particularly distinct culture, which some call the most traditionally Polynesian. This is because the Takuu tribe are extremely protective of their way of life and protect themselves from suspicious outsiders. They even enforced the ban on missionaries for 40 years. They still live in traditional thatched buildings. Unlike most of us, who spend most of our time working, Takuu devote 20-30 hours a week to singing and dancing. Surprisingly, they have over 1,000 songs that they repeat from memory. The 400 members of the tribe are somehow connected to each other, and they are controlled by one leader. Unfortunately, climate change may destroy the Takuu's way of life as the ocean soon engulfs their island. Rising sea levels have already polluted freshwater sources and drowned crops, and although the community has created dams, they are proving ineffective.
Spirit Tribe
Spirit - last group nomadic herders of Mongolia with a history dating back to the Tang Dynasty. About 300 members of the tribe remain, carefully protecting their cold homeland and believing in a sacred forest where the ghosts of their ancestors live. This cold, mountainous region has very few resources, so the Spirits rely on reindeer for the sake of milk, cheese, transportation, hunting and attracting tourists. However, due to the small size of the tribe, the Spirit's way of life is in jeopardy as the reindeer population rapidly declines. There are many factors contributing to this decline, but the most important are overhunting and predation. Making matters worse, the discovery of gold in northern Mongolia brought here the mining industry, which is destroying the local wildlife. With so many problems, many young people are leaving their ancient roots and choosing life in the city.
El Molo
The ancient El Molo tribe of Kenya is the smallest tribe in the country and also faces many threats. Due to the almost constant persecution of other groups, they have already isolated themselves in a remote coastline Lake Terkana, but still can't breathe easy. The tribe depends solely on fish and aquatic animals for survival and trade. Unfortunately, their lake evaporates by 30 centimeters every year. This contributes to water pollution and a decrease in fish populations. It now takes them a week to catch the same amount of fish that they previously caught in a day. El Molo must take risks and dive into crocodile-infested waters to catch his catch. There is fierce competition for fish, and the El Molo are under threat of invasion by warring neighboring tribes. In addition to these environmental hazards, the tribe experiences cholera outbreaks every few years that wipe out most of the people. Average duration The lifespan of El Molo is only 30-45 years. There are approximately 200 of them, and anthropologists estimate that only 40 of them are “pure” El Molo.
Despite the fact that today almost every person has the opportunity to use the money they earn to purchase the attributes of modern life, such as mobile phone, there are still places on our planet where people live in levels of development close to primitive ones.
Africa is the place on Earth where today in impenetrable jungles or deserts you can find creatures that are very reminiscent of us in the distant past. Scientists agree that it is with African continent Homo sapiens was born.
Africa is unique in itself. Not only common animal species are concentrated here, but also endangered species. Due to its direct location on the equator, the continent has a very hot climate, which is why the nature there is the most diverse. That is why there were conditions for preserving life in the form in which wild tribes remained
A striking example of such a tribe is wild tribe Himba. They live in Namibia. Everything that civilization has achieved has passed the Himba by. There is no hint of modern life. The tribe is engaged in cattle breeding. All the huts where the tribe members live are located around the pasture.
The beauty of tribal women is determined by the presence large number jewelry and the amount of clay applied to the skin. But the presence of clay is not only a ritual, but also serves a hygienic purpose. The scorching sun and constant lack of water are just a few of the difficulties. The presence of clay allows the skin not to be subjected to thermal burns and the skin gives off less water.
Women in the tribe are involved in all household activities. They care for livestock, build huts, raise children and make jewelry. This is the main entertainment in the tribe.
Men in the tribe are assigned the role of husbands. Polygamy is accepted in the tribe if the husband is able to feed the family. Marriage is an expensive business. The cost of a wife reaches 45 cows. A wife's fidelity is not obligatory. A child born from another father will remain in the family.
Tourist guides often contact the tribe to conduct excursions. For this, the savages receive souvenirs and money, which they then exchange for things.
In the north-west of Mexico lives another tribe that has been bypassed by civilization. It is called Tarahyumara. They are also called “beer people.” The name stuck to them due to their ritual of drinking maize beer. Beating the drums, they drink beer, which is mixed with narcotic herbs. True, there is another translation option: “running soles” or “those with light feet.” And it is also well deserved, but more on that later.
They paint their bodies bright colors. You can imagine what it looks like when you realize that the tribe numbers 60 thousand people.
Since the 17th century, savages learned to cultivate the land and began to grow cereals. Before this, the tribe ate roots and herbs.
Video: The Tarahumara - A Hidden Tribe of Superathletes Born to Run. The Indians of this tribe are considered the best runners, but not in speed, but in endurance. They can run 170 km without any problems. do not stop. There is a recorded case of an Indian running a distance of about 600 miles in five days.
In the Philippine archipelago there is the island of Palawan. The Taut Batu tribe lives there in the mountains. These are people mountain caves. They live in caves and grottoes. The tribe has existed since the 11th century and human achievements are unknown to them. By the way, the Puerto Princesa underground river is also located here.
When the monsoon rains don't come, which can happen for six months, the tribe grows potatoes and rice. This is the only time when members of the tribe get out of the caves. When the rains begin to fall again, the entire tribe climbs into their grottoes and simply sleeps, waking up only to eat.
Video: Philippines, Palawan, Tau't Batu or "people of the rocks."
The list of tribes goes on and on. But that doesn't matter anymore. You just have to remember that somewhere on Earth there are places where life has frozen in its development, allowing others to develop further. Looking at wild tribes, at their customs, dances, rituals, you understand that they don’t want to change anything. They lived like this for thousands of years before they were discovered and, apparently, plan to exist for just as long.
Films, a small selection.
Hunting for survival (Kill to survive) / Kill To Survive. (From the series: In Search of the Hunter Tribes)
There are also series: Keepers of Traditions; Sharp-toothed nomads; Hunting in the Kalahari;
Even more interesting series, about people’s lives in harmony with nature - Human Planet.
Also, there is one interesting program like the Magic of Adventure. Presenter: Sergey Yastrzhembsky.
For example, one of the series. Adventure Magic: The Man in the Tree.
In our age high technology, various gadgets and broadband Internet, there are still people who have not seen all this. Time seems to have stood still for them, they do not really make contact with the outside world, and their way of life has not changed in thousands of years.
In the forgotten and undeveloped corners of our planet live such uncivilized tribes that you are simply amazed that time has not touched them with its modernizing hand. Living, like their ancestors, among palm trees and feeding on hunting and pasture, these guys feel great and are in no hurry to “ concrete jungle» big cities.
OfficePlankton decided to highlight the wildest tribes of our time that actually exist.
1 Sentinelese
Having chosen the island of North Sentinel, between India and Thailand, the Sentinelese have occupied almost the entire coast and greet with arrows anyone who tries to establish contact with them. By hunting, gathering and fishing, and intermarrying, the tribe maintains a population of approximately 300 people.
An attempt to contact these people ended in shelling by the National Geographic group, but only after they had left gifts on the shore, among which red buckets were especially popular. They shot the abandoned pigs from afar and buried them, without even thinking about eating them; everything else was thrown into the ocean in a heap.
An interesting fact is that they anticipate natural disasters and retreat en masse deep into the jungle when storms approach. The tribe survived both the 2004 Indian earthquake and numerous devastating tsunamis.
2 Maasai
These born pastoralists are the largest and most warlike tribe in Africa. They live only by cattle breeding, not neglecting the theft of cattle from other, “lower”, as they consider, tribes, because, in their opinion, their supreme god gave them all the animals on the planet. It is the photograph of them with their earlobes pulled back and discs the size of a good tea saucer inserted into their lower lip that you come across on the Internet.
Maintaining a good fighting spirit, considering as men only all those who killed a lion with a spear, the Massai fought back against European colonialists and invaders from other tribes, owning the ancestral territories of the famous Serengeti Valley and the Ngorongoro volcano. However, under the influence of the 20th century, the number of people in the tribe is declining.
Polygamy, which was once considered honorable, has now become simply necessary as there are fewer and fewer men. Children herd cattle almost from the age of 3, and women do the rest of the household, while men doze with a spear in their hand inside a hut in peacetime or run with guttural sounds on military campaigns against neighboring tribes.
3 Nicobar and Andaman tribes
An aggressive company of cannibal tribes lives, as you might guess, by raiding and eating each other. The Korubo tribe holds the lead among all these savages. The men, disdainful of hunting and gathering, are very skilled in making poison darts, catching snakes with their bare hands to do this, and stone axes, grinding the edge of the stone all day long to such an extent that blowing off their head becomes a very doable task.
Constantly fighting among themselves, the tribes, however, do not raid endlessly, since they understand that the supply of “people” is very slowly renewed. Some tribes generally reserve only special holidays- holidays of the goddess of Death. Women of the Nicobar and Andaman tribes also do not hesitate to eat their children or old people in case of unsuccessful raids on neighboring tribes.
4 Piraha
A rather small tribe also lives in the Brazilian jungle - about two hundred people. They are notable for having the most primitive language on the planet and the absence of at least some kind of number system. Holding primacy among the most undeveloped tribes, if this can be called primacy, of course, the Pirahã have no mythology, no history of the creation of the world and no gods.
They are forbidden to talk about what they have not learned from their own experience, to adopt the words of other people and to introduce new designations into their language. There are also no shades of colors, weather symbols, animals or plants. They live mainly in huts made of branches, refusing to accept gifts of all kinds of objects of civilization. Piraha, however, are quite often called as guides into the jungle, and, despite their inadaptability and lack of development, have not yet been noticed in aggression.
5 Loaves
The most brutal tribe lives in the forests Papua New Guinea, between two chains of mountains, they were discovered very late, only in the 90s of the last century. There is a tribe with a funny Russian-sounding name that sounds like something from the Stone Age. Dwellings - children's huts made of twigs on trees, which we built in childhood - protection from sorcerers, they will find them on the ground.
Stone axes and knives made from animal bones, noses and ears are pierced with the teeth of killed predators. The loaves hold wild pigs in high esteem, which they do not eat, but tame, especially those weaned from their mother at a young age, and use as riding ponies. Only when the pig gets old and can no longer carry the load and the little monkey-like people that loaves are, the pig can be slaughtered and eaten.
The entire tribe is extremely warlike and hardy, the cult of the warrior flourishes there, the tribe can sit on larvae and worms for weeks, and despite the fact that all the women of the tribe are “common”, the festival of love occurs only once a year, the rest of the time men should not pester to women.
