The embodiment of a moral ideal. Mini essay on the topic "Sergius of Radonezh is the embodiment of the national moral ideal"
The third act of Alexander Griboedov's play "Woe from Wit" begins in the house of the nobleman Famusov with a conversation between a young pretty lady Sofia Pavlovna Famusova and the educated and eloquent nobleman Alexander Andreevich Chatsky.
At first, Chatsky is tormented by doubts about who is still dear to the heart of his beloved, and then, when Sophia enters, a stormy explanation takes place between them. Chatsky tries to find out from Sophia the name of her new lover, simultaneously confessing his ardent love to her. At this point in the play, Sophia hints to Chatsky about the uselessness and even harmfulness for the life of his mind, his defiant speeches, and sets Molchalin as an example for him, as an example of humility, tolerance, compliance, modesty. Sophia admits Molchalin’s lack of a brilliant mind, however, she says that intelligence is not necessary for family life, since it is only a source of worry and unnecessary worries.
Chatsky sees all of Molchalin’s listed advantages in a completely different light; for him, Molchalin is simply an insensitive, obsequious and wordless fool, incapable of either his own judgments or deep emotions. It is in this conversation that Chatsky tells Sophia that he is going crazy with love for her, and for the first time she voices the idea that she has driven him crazy. Then there is a discussion of the candidate groom Sergei Sergeevich Skalozub, about whom Chatsky, just like Molchalin, cannot speak without mockery and irony. Sophia says about him that he is “not the hero of my novel.” Then the young lady leaves, and Molchalin enters.
Happens between young people interesting conversation, which was almost entirely distributed among well-known quotes.
Molchalin announces to Chatsky his two main talents: “moderation and accuracy,” which makes him laugh and a hail of witticisms.
Then Molchalin asks Chatsky why he does not have any significant ranks, to which Chatsky answers him that “ranks are given by people, but people can be deceived.” Then Molchalin kicks Chatsky that he does not go to a certain Tatyana Yuryevna to gain patronage and favor in the service, to which Chatsky answers him that, of course, he goes to women, but not for that. Then the men discuss the works of a certain Foma Fomich, whom Molchalin considers a genius of the pen, and Chatsky considers an empty and worthless person.
From the conversation, the reader understands that for Chatsky there are no authorities; he judges people solely by their merits, and not by rank and wealth, while for Molchalin a high rank is already a sign greatest talents and virtues, and the personal qualities of its owner do not play any role.
In addition, Molchalin declares that “one must depend on others” and “one should not dare to have one’s own judgment,” which infuriates Chatsky.
Afterwards, guests come to Famusov’s house for a ball. The first to arrive are Natalya Dmitrievna and Platon Mikhailovich Gorichev, with whom Chatsky conducts a nostalgic conversation. Then Prince and Princess Tugoukhovsky arrive with six daughters, who at first consider Chatsky as a promising groom for their daughters, however, upon learning that he is not noble and not rich, they immediately forget about him.
Next are the countesses, grandmother and granddaughter of Khryumina. The granddaughter also has a conversation with Chatsky, in which she extols everything foreign, both fashion and milliners, and Chatsky answers her that everything domestic is much more original. Then Zagoretsky arrives, a “swindler” and “rogue”, as Platon Mikhailovich characterizes him.
The last to arrive is old woman Khlestova, a grouch and a gossip, who, after talking with all the guests, remains dissatisfied, and only Molchalin arouses her favor, as he praises her dog.
Chatsky, having met Sophia, again cannot resist making barbs at Molchalin, calling him a lightning rod for the old woman’s bile and bad mood.
Public sentiment Russian nobility late XIX century
This is already the last straw that has overflowed Sophia’s patience and she immediately, in a conversation with the next guest, hints that Chatsky has gone crazy. The news spreads around the society gathered at the ball at the speed of light, acquiring facts and details. Zagoretsky readily reports how Chatsky was “taken to the yellow house and put on a chain,” although he was temporarily released. And each of the guests has confirmation of the fact of the hero’s madness; they look for those moments in past conversations with Chatsky when he gave them some advice, or openly and shamelessly expressed his opinion about something. own point vision. This, according to the guests, can only indicate the hero’s mental illness, and not at all about his intelligence and courage of judgment. This general opinion is voiced by Famusov, saying that “learning is the plague, learning is the reason” that there are many crazy people who dare to form their own opinions and their own deeds that run counter to the interests of society.
Everyone gets it: professors, chemists, botanists, and fabulists, a proposal is made for preservation mental health nation to burn all books. Khlestova says that Chatsky was once worthy man, since he had “three hundred souls,” a person, of course, cannot have great virtues.
Then Chatsky enters and the lively conversation subsides. Famusov is interested in his well-being, and Chatsky says that “his head is tired of trifles, shuffling and exclamations.”
The action ends with Chatsky’s monologue about how foreign influence is alien to him, how upset and annoyed he is by the thoughtless admiration of the Russian nobility for everything foreign, how oppressive he is that the nobles do not want to recognize intelligence, merits and originality own people, but are mired only in blind imitation of Europe.
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov, unfortunately, wrote only one work - “Woe from Wit”, a rhyming play, and... became a classic. The work is original: it combines, along with classical elements comedy and signs of drama. The diplomat Griboedov was not only educated, but also truly talented person. In particular, he knew 6 languages perfectly. He was personally acquainted with Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin and the future Decembrist Wilhelm Karlovich Kuchelbecker. If we proceed from the fact that the diplomat’s life, as we know, was tragically interrupted in Tehran, then we can say about the prophetic title of the play - “Woe from Wit.” A summary of the chapters of this work forms the essence of this article.
Act 1. In the Famusovs’ house
The first act introduces us to Sofia Famusova, a 17-year-old romantic girl of marriageable age. The day before, she had spent the entire night in amiable conversations about the arts with Alexei Stepanovich Molchalin, who had been transferred by a master from Tver to Moscow. The young careerist has the rank of collegiate assessor, but in fact serves as a personal secretary. Here we see the owner of the house, Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, a gentleman, a widower, a homebody, and by conviction an ardent conservative. Griboyedov’s essay “Woe from Wit” immediately focuses attention on the character. Praising his morality, he almost simultaneously pesters the maid Lisa.
Alexander Andreevich Chatsky, Sophia’s childhood friend, comes to the Famusovs. He is in love with a girl with whom he was once connected by a mutual first feeling. But Sophia, who has read novels and fantasized the pale image of Molchalin into spiritual beauty, is more than cool with him.
Act 2. Conversation between Famusov and Chatsky
The second act begins with a dialogue between Famusov and the competent servant Petrushka. The master talks about the Moscow pillars of society, plans meetings with them and obliges the servant to write down his thoughts about who to go to. In fact, “Woe from Wit” introduces us to the planning of the idleness of the socialite of patriarchal Moscow. A summary of the chapters again shows us Chatsky. This time, having paid a visit, he starts a conversation with Famusov in order to ask for his daughter’s hand in marriage. The father is not delighted with a marriage with a man who owns 400 souls (his ideal groom is the owner of 2000 souls, mental abilities do not count), so he diplomatically refuses Alexander Andreevich: “Go and serve!” Sharp-tongued Chatsky reflects this obvious attack catchphrase, demonstrating the difference between the verbs “to serve” and “to be served.”
Act 3. Sophia’s refusal, conversation with Molchalin
The third act begins with Alexander Andreevich's declaration of love to Sophia. But she refuses him, confessing her love for Molchalin. Chatsky's bewilderment even prevails over disappointment. He knows well the lackey’s nature and the poverty of the latter’s mind, which, in fact, consistently reveals to us “Woe from Wit.” The chapter-by-chapter summary further brings together two young people, two antagonists, in an eloquent dialogue. The collegiate assessor is chronically untalented, but has an eye for successful career based on visits to " to the right people", as well as on "moderation and accuracy." Chatsky is intelligent, sharp-tongued, and responds to his opponent, as always, “not to the brow, but to the eye.” He considers the service itself to be the main thing, because ranks are secondary, “ranks are given by people,” he is not inclined to humiliate himself because of his career in front of those in power, because “people can make mistakes.”
Act 4. Ball at the Famusovs
According to the rules of the comedy genre, the denouement occurs in the fourth act. The Famusovs have a ball. Ironically describes the guests, Moscow aristocrats, “Woe from Wit.” A summary of the chapters introduces us to a string of brilliant characters. Skalozub Sergei Sergeevich is also a candidate for Sophia’s hand and heart, a young colonel, commander of the Novozemlyansky musketeer regiment. He is from the classic military elite: rich, stupid and determined. He despises “book wisdom”, is mercantile and mean: he tries to make a career without participating in battles. Repetilov is stupid and at the same time scandalous, his element is to inflame and push people together, while he himself remains on the sidelines. Another nobility also hurries to the Famusovs: the princess with six daughters, Prince Tugoukhovsky. These are deeply unspiritual, idealess people, closed in their social circle, in their caste. Chatsky playfully parries their stupid attacks not just witty, but brilliantly. In retaliation, the aristocrats behind his back declare him crazy “from learning.”
Sophia avoids Alexander Andreevich, therefore, seeing a silhouette in the dark young man, believing that it is Chatsky, hides behind a column and sends the maid Lisa to him. But she was mistaken, it was Molchalin. Seeing Lisa, the footman expresses his love to her. The fool explains his relationship with Sophia with his “tactical cunning.” Ironically, both Sophia and Chatsky hear this. Sophia finally has an epiphany. Suddenly the father appears with the servants. Molchalin is kicked out, and Sophia’s father promises to send her to a village near Saratov, to her aunt. Chatsky, completely disappointed, leaves aristocratic Moscow.
Conclusion
Why did the poet-diplomat call his play that way? The basis of its plot is dramatic conflict the main character - Chatsky, a man of the future, and the Moscow aristocratic society, where the Skalozubs and Famusovs rule the roost. This dynamic man, thirsting for real activity, is alien to the unspiritual and mercantile nobles to such an extent that they declare him crazy. In addition, Chatsky suffers a fiasco on a personal level: he loves Sofya Famusova, who prefers the low deceiver Molchalin to him. The author's language of the work is dynamic, funny, comedic. The play is still a storehouse of aphorisms today.
Comedy" Woe from mind"A.S. Griboyedova is one of the finest examples literary creativity Russian writers. The comedy consists of 4 acts, divided into separate phenomena (scenes). The work is written in verse, the most famous quotes of which are relevant and appropriate at all times. We have collected several versions summary comedy Woe from Wit. Below is comedy summary(several options) and an expanded version of the summary. In addition, we have added a very brief summary of Woe from Wit for those who need to know at least something about this wonderful comedy in a very short time.
Woe from Wit - summary (1)
Main characters:
Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, manager at the government office.
Sofia Pavlovna, his daughter.
Lisa, maid.
Alexey Stepanovich Molchalin, Famusov’s secretary, living in his house.
Alexander Andreevich Chatsky.
Skalozub Sergey Sergeevich, colonel.
Gorichi:
Natalya Dmitrievna, young lady.
Platon Mikhailovich, her husband.
Prince Tugoukhovsky and
The princess, his wife, with six daughters.
Khryumins:
Countess grandmother, Countess granddaughter.
Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky.
Old woman Khlestova, sister-in-law of Famusov.
G.N.
G.D.
Repetilov.
Parsley and several talking servants.
Lots of guests of all sorts and their lackeys on their way out.
Famusov's waiters.
(Action in Moscow, in Famusov’s house.)
Act I
Events unfold in the morning in the living room. Only the awakened servant Lisa restlessly knocks on the door of the bedchamber of the master's daughter Sophia. The fact is that Sophia secretly spends her nights with a young gentleman from her father. Liza is obliged to cover up the adventures of the young lady and send the guest away in time so that he is not inadvertently caught by Sophia’s father, Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov. The owner's daughter is in no hurry to respond to Sophia. Therefore, the maid decides to move the clock forward so that its ringing will hurry up the newlyweds.Famusov enters the room. He flirts with Lisa, but she jokes and rejects his advances. Sofia calls Lisa, Famusov leaves. Lisa: “Pass us above all sorrows and lordly anger and lordly love.”
Molchalin arrives in the master’s daughter’s bedroom, Lisa hurries him to leave. Sofia says that “happy hours don’t watch.” At this moment Famusov enters the room. Pavel Afanasyevich is frankly surprised by Molchalin’s presence. The gentleman's assurances that he has come right now do not convince Sophia's angry father. In his soul he grumbles about book novels and the decline of morals.
Sofia tells her dream: she was looking for some grass in a meadow, met a sweet man, then found herself in a dark room, the floor opened up, her father appeared from there in a terrible form, and monsters separated her from her loved one and began to torment her.
Molchalin leaves with Famusov to discuss business issues.
Meanwhile, Chatsky, Sophia’s childhood friend, appears in the house. He remembers early years and mutual acquaintances, mocking the peculiarities of each. Chatsky: “When we wander, we return home, and the smoke of the fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us.” Sofia does not like the way Chatsky speaks about others, especially Molchalin. Chatsky accidentally speaks very sarcastically about Molchalin: under the pretext of interest in his career successes, he hints that Molchalin should already have built a successful career, because... “After all, nowadays they love the dumb.” In response, Sophia whispers to herself: “Not a person, a snake!”
Chatsky talks with Famusov. In the conversation, he admires the prettier Sophia and agrees with her father to meet soon in the evening.
Famusov remains confused: he no longer knows who he should fear more as his daughter’s fiancé - Molchalin or the newly appeared Chatsky.
Act II
Famusov dictates upcoming visits to the servant Petrushka, so that he puts them in the calendar. Chatsky enters. Inquires about Sofia's health. Famusov wonders if Chatsky is aiming for a suitor. Chatsky is interested in Famusov’s opinion on this matter. Famusov is unhappy that Chatsky does not want to deal with public service and follow the example of your elders.“I’d be glad to serve, but it’s sickening to be served,” declares Chatsky. Famusov reproaches him for being excessively “prideful” and uses as an example his late uncle, who achieved rank and wealth by servilely serving the empress. Famusov says that his uncle, having fallen awkwardly and hit his head in front of the entire retinue of Empress Catherine, repeated the fall a couple more times deliberately, trying to get up in order to make the empress laugh, for which he was awarded and highly promoted. Chatsky is disgusted by such behavior.
Famusov is so stunned by his remark that he barely hears the servant’s report about the arrival of Colonel Skalozub. Famusov asks Chatsky to remain silent in the presence of Skalozub. Chatsky wonders if the colonel is Sofia’s fiancé. IN small talk with Skalozub, Famusov presents Chatsky as an intelligent young man who, unfortunately, wastes his talent aimlessly, for which the world condemns him. In response, Chatsky pronounces a monologue “Who are the judges?”, exposing the vices of society. Famusov goes into his office, afraid to participate in a further dispute. But Skalozub did not understand anything from Chatsky’s words; he decided that Chatsky was criticizing those who worship the guards uniform, when the uniform in the First Army is no worse.
Sophia runs in and rushes to the window shouting: “Oh, my God, I fell, I killed myself!” It turns out that it was Molchalin who “cracked” from his horse (Skalozub’s expression).
For Chatsky, Sophia’s strong concern for Molchalin arouses suspicion. Then Molchalin himself returns and reassures those present - nothing terrible happened. Sophia tries to justify her careless impulse, but only intensifies the suspicious thoughts that have arisen in Chatsky.
Left alone with Molchalin, Sophia worries about his health, and he is concerned about her incontinence (“Evil tongues are worse than a pistol”).
Deciding to defuse the situation by lightly flirting with Chatsky, Sophia leaves. Meanwhile, Molchalin wastes no time in vain, showing signs of attention to Liza and promising her generous gifts for love.
Act III
After communicating with Sophia, Chatsky comes to the conclusion that she simply cannot love so much. insignificant person like Molchalin. But this sharpens his interest even more: who is her lover then?Chatsky starts a conversation with the Silent One, after which he becomes even stronger in his opinion: it is impossible to love someone whose virtues boil down to “moderation and accuracy,” someone who cannot have own opinion and bows to nobility and power.
Meanwhile, guests arrive at Famusov’s house. The first to arrive were the Gorichevs - old acquaintances of Chatsky, with whom he talks in a friendly manner, warmly remembering the past. Prince Tugoukhovsky arrives with his wife and daughters. The princess, having found out that Chatsky is not married, sends her husband to invite him to dinner, but immediately calls him back after learning that he is not rich and does not have a promising position. Countess Khryumina, grandmother and granddaughter arrive, then Zagoretsky and many other guests. The guests chat, each pursuing their own interests and collecting information about the others.
Khlestova arrives - an exceptionally powerful woman who does not tolerate any objections. Chatsky, Skalozub and Molchalin pass in front of her. Of all of them, only Molchalin deserved Khlestova’s favor, because he praised her dog. Chatsky does not miss the opportunity to offend Molchalin in front of Sophia about this. Chatsky's sarcasm infuriates Sophia, and she decides to take revenge for her secret lover. Moving from one group of guests to another, she gradually hints that Chatsky seems to be out of his mind.
Before this, having talked a little with Chatsky, everyone readily picks up the gossip. In a general conversation, Chatsky makes a speech about Russia’s servility to the West, and suddenly notices that no one is listening to him, everyone is demonstratively busy playing or dancing.
Act IV
The front entrance, the guests are leaving. Chatsky's lackey cannot find the coachman. Repetilov drives up and invites Chatsky to a meeting of a certain secret society, which turned his life upside down. Describes with delight noisy meetings and people participating in the conspiracy, making hints about grandiose plans. Chatsky does not take such a gathering seriously and directs Repetilov’s attention to other guests.Repetilov switches to Skalozub, telling him the sad story of his marriage, but even here he does not find mutual understanding. Repetilov manages to enter into a conversation with only one Zagoretsky, and even then the subject of their discussion becomes Chatsky’s madness. Repetilov does not believe the rumor at first, but the others persistently convince him that Chatsky is a real madman. Chatsky, who accidentally lingered in the doorman’s room, hears all this and is indignant at the slanderers. He is worried about only one thing - does Sophia know about his “madness”? It can’t even occur to him that it was she who started this rumor.
He hears Sofia’s voice from above, she calls out to him, mistaking him for Molchalin. Chatsky hides behind a column, deciding to find out everything to the end.
Lisa appears in the lobby, followed by a sleepy Molchalin. In the process, he flirts with Lisa, revealing that he is playing the role of Sofia’s lover to please the daughter of the man who feeds and promotes him. Sofia hears Molchalin's revelations. Molchalin begs for forgiveness, saying that it was just a joke. Chatsky appears. Molchalin runs to his room. Chatsky reproaches Sofia for choosing base servility over true feelings.
Famusov and a crowd of servants with candles appear. Famusov comes to the conclusion that Sofia and Chatsky are having a love date. He immediately arranges a punishment for the household: the doorman - to the settlement, Lisa - to the poultry house, Sofia - “to the village, to her aunt, to the wilderness, to Saratov.”
Chatsky laughs bitterly at his own blindness, and at Sophia, and at all of Famusov’s like-minded people, in whose company it is truly difficult to maintain sanity. Exclaiming: “I’ll go search around the world, / Where there is a corner for the offended feeling! Give me a carriage, a carriage!” - he leaves forever the house that was once so dear to him.
Famusov is most worried about what reaction the events that have taken place will cause in the world - “what will Princess Marya Aleksevna say!”
Summary of Griboedov's comedy Woe from Wit
Option No. 2
Act one
The action takes place in Famusov's house in Moscow.Early in the morning, Lisa wakes up in the living room. She made sure all night that no one caught Sophia and Molchalin alone during their date. Famusov appears and flirts with Lisa and tries to hug her. The maid pushes him away. He says that no one will find them, because Sophia is sleeping. The maid Lisa replies that the young lady had been reading French novels all night and had just fallen asleep. Famusov is indignant that reading only spoils his eyesight, and is of no use to him. At this moment, Sophia’s voice is heard calling Lisa. Famusov silently leaves the room. Lisa, left alone, exclaims: “Pass us beyond all sorrows // Both the lordly anger and the lordly love.”
Sophia and Molchalin appear. Lisa reminds them that everyone in the house has long since woken up and asks Molchalin to leave quickly. Famusov suddenly appears and is surprised by the presence of the secretary, in such a early time. He says that he returned from a walk. Famusov recommends that he “choose a back street for walks further away,” and then begins to scold his daughter:
And you, madam, almost jumped out of bed,
With my husband! with the young one! - Something to do for a girl!
He reads tall tales all night,
And here are the fruits of these books!
And all the Kuznetsky Bridge, and the eternal French,
From there fashion comes to us, both authors and muses:
Destroyers of pockets and hearts!
Then Famusov tells how much effort he put into raising Sophia with dignity, and uses himself as an example:
Look at me: I don’t boast about my build;
However, he was vigorous and fresh, and lived to see his gray hairs,
Free, widows, I am my own master...
Known for his monastic behavior!..
Illustration Woe from Wit
"Woe from Wit." Illustration for a comedy.
After this, Famusov reminds Molchalin that he owes his promotion to him: “He gave the rank of assessor and took him as secretary; /Transferred to Moscow through my assistance; /And if it weren’t for me, you would be smoking in Tver.” Then the two of them go off to sort out the papers. Famusov’s order of business is as follows: “Signed - and off your shoulders!”
Sophia, left alone with Lisa, remembers happy moments last night: as if lost in music, time passed smoothly and unnoticed. The maid notices that “no good will come of this love,” because Famusov wants a son-in-law “with stars, and with ranks” and, of course, with money. An example of such a son-in-law is Colonel Skalozub: “And a golden bag, and aims to become a general.” Sophia contemptuously responds: “He hasn’t said something smart in his life, - / I don’t care what’s for him, what’s in the water.” Lisa agrees with her and reminds her of Alexander Andreich Chatsky, with whom Sophia was raised together since childhood: “Who is so sensitive, and cheerful, and sharp...” Chatsky went on a long trip - for three years. Sophia says: “The desire to wander attacked him, /Ah! If someone loves someone, /Why search for intelligence and travel so far?” She believes that she and Chatsky were connected only by childhood friendship. Sophia compares Chatsky and Molchalin: “Molchalin, ready to forget himself for others, / The enemy of insolence, is always shy, timid / A whole night with someone you can spend like that!”
At this moment, the servant who entered reports that Chatsky has arrived. Chatsky appears. He says that he rode almost seven hundred miles without rest just to see Sophia. He is surprised by the cold reception given to him: “It’s as if not a week has passed; /As if it were just the two of us yesterday /We’re so tired of each other...” Sophia tries to dissuade Chatsky, says that she is very happy about his arrival and that she often thought about him. Chatsky replies: “Assume that it is so. //Blessed is he who believes, he is warm in the world!” Then he remembers his childhood with Sophia, is interested in mutual acquaintances, speaking ironically about some:
And that consumptive one, your relatives, the enemy of books,
In the scientific committee which settled
And with a cry he demanded oaths,
So that no one knows or learns to read and write?
Chatsky says that although you “get tired of living with such people,” when you return to your native Fatherland after long wanderings, you rejoice at everything. Then, he remembers Molchalin, of whom he always had a low opinion: “Where is he, by the way? / Has he not yet broken the silence of the seal?”, “But by the way, he will reach the famous levels, / After all, nowadays they love the dumb.” Sophia is so angry at what she hears that she sharply answers Chatsky:
“Not a man, a snake!”, and then tries to pull him back: “Has it ever happened that you laughed? or in sadness? // A mistake? Did they say good things about anyone?” Chatsky admits to Sophia that although he is surprised by her coldness, he still loves her madly.
Famusov appears. He, too, is not particularly happy about Chatsky’s arrival, asking where he “wandered for so many years.” Chatsky's thoughts are occupied only with Sophia. He says goodbye to Famusov and promises to tell him everything in the evening, since he is now in a hurry to go home.
Act two
The servant reads Famusov his schedule for the week ahead. It turns out that Pavel Afanasyevich is incredibly busy: for example, on Tuesday he is invited to dinner, on Thursday he has to go to a funeral, and on Friday he has to baptize. Chatsky appears. Concerned about Sophia's attitude towards him, he asks Pavel Afanasyevich about his daughter's condition. Famusov is alarmed by this: “Tell me, did you like her? /Scoured the light; don't you want to get married? Chatsky: “Let me woo you, what would you tell me?” Famusov advises him to go and have dinner first. Chatsky replies: “I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening.” Pavel Afanasyevich reproaches him for being too proud. He cites the example of his uncle, Maxim Petrovich, who achieved a high position in society and made brilliant career thanks to the fact that he curried favor with the powers that be. Once Maxim Petrovich, who served under Empress Catherine, fell at one of the palace receptions. The Empress deigned to smile. Then Maxim Petrovich fell on purpose, and then in exactly the same way for the third time. Chatsky objects to Famusov, condemning such behavior. Famusov is horrified by his free-thinking speeches.Colonel Sergei Sergeevich Skalozub enters, to whom the owner is very happy. Pavel Afanasyevich tries to talk with the guest about his relatives, about his brother, but Skalozub is only able to talk about his death. Famusov makes a whole speech in which he admires the Moscow nobility:
Please look at our youth,
For young men - sons and grandchildren.
We scold them, and if you figure it out,
At the age of fifteen, teachers will be taught!
And our old people?? - How enthusiasm will take them,
They will condemn deeds, that the word is a sentence...
And sometimes they talk about the government like this,
What if someone overheard them... trouble!
It’s not that new things were introduced - never...
<...>
What about the ladies? - anyone, try it, master it;
Judges of everything, everywhere, there are no judges above them;
Behind the cards, when they rise up in a general revolt,
God grant me patience, because I myself was married.
Order the command in front of the front!
Be present, send them to the Senate!
<...>
And whoever saw the daughters, hang your head...
His Majesty the King of Prussia was here,
He marveled not at the Moscow girls,
Their good character, not their faces;
And indeed, is it possible to be more educated!
They know how to dress themselves up
Taffeta, marigold and haze.
They won’t say a word in simplicity, everything will be done with a grimace...
<...>
I will say emphatically: barely
Another capital will be found, like Moscow.
After this, Famusov recommends Chatsky to Skalozub, regretting that he will not get along. He doesn't notice that his praise sounds like an insult. Chatsky pronounces an angry monologue:
Who are the judges? - For the antiquity of years
TO free life their enmity is irreconcilable,
Judgments are drawn from forgotten newspapers
The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of Crimea.
<...>
Where, show us, are the fathers of the fatherland,
Which ones should we take as models?
Aren't these the ones who are rich in robbery?
They found protection from court in friends, in kinship,
Magnificent building chambers,
Where they spill out in feasts and extravagance.
<...>
These are the ones who lived to see their gray hairs!
This is who we should respect in the wilderness!
Here are our strict connoisseurs and judges!
He is indignant at the serf-owning nobles, who, for their whims, separate entire families of the peasants under their control, and are capable of exchanging for greyhound dogs the very servants who have more than once saved their lives and honor. They cover up their “weakness of mind, poverty of mind” with a uniform. Frightened Famusov hastily leaves.
Sophia and Lisa appear in the room. They see through the window that Molchalin is falling from his horse. Sophia loses consciousness from fright. Chatsky rushes to bring her to her senses. Sophia, waking up, worries only about Molchalin. Chatsky begins to suspect that she is in love with Molchalin: “You can only feel this way / When you lose your only friend.” Sophia reproaches Chatsky for not hastening to help Molchalin. Chatsky objects - he was primarily concerned about Sophia’s health. He notes with irony that he resurrected Sophia, although he does not know for whom, and then leaves. Skalozub goes to Famusov’s office. Lisa and Molchalin persuade Sophia to be careful and not openly show her feelings. Having waited for Sophia to leave, Molchalin begins to flirt with Lisa: “What a face you have! / How I love you!” The maid asks, what about the young lady? Molchalin replies that he loves Sophia “by position.” He begins to seduce Lisa with gifts: perfume, a skillfully made toilet with a mirror, a mother-of-pearl sewing kit. Lisa rejects his advances and gifts: / Better tell me why / You and the young lady are modest, but the maid is a rake?” Molchalin promises to tell her a little later about the reasons for his behavior. Lisa, left alone, talks about her secret love for the bartender Petrusha.
Act three
Chatsky, after all, decides to get the truth from Sophia, who is really dear to her? To his questions, Sophia evasively answers that she loves “the whole world.” Chatsky says: “May Molchalin have a lively mind, a brave genius, / But does he have that passion? That feeling? Is that ardor? / So that, except for you, the whole world / Seems like dust and vanity to him?” Sophia gives him an example of Molchalin’s virtues: “yielding, modest, quiet,” does not respond to Famusov’s scolding, plays cards with the old men, if necessary, even all day long. Chatsky draws conclusions: “She doesn’t respect him,” “She’s being naughty, she doesn’t love him!” He starts talking about Skalozub: “He has a hero’s face and voice...” Sophia responds: “Not my novel,” and then leaves.Chatsky meets Molchalin. A conversation ensues between them. Famusov’s secretary admires nobility and wealth, is proud of his talents - moderation and accuracy, and the goal of his life is: “And win awards and live happily.” Molchalin is sure that “one must depend on others” and “at his age one should not dare to have one’s own judgment.” Chatsky is finally convinced that Sophia cannot love such a person.
Guests come to Famusov's house for a ball. Here Chatsky meets his old friend, Gorich Platon Mikhailovich, with whom they once served together. Platon Mikhailovich changed beyond recognition, being under the heel of his wife, Natalya Dmitrievna. In the conversation, Natalya Dmitrievna does not allow her husband to get in a word, complaining about his poor health: “all rheumatism and headaches.” Chatsky invites Platon Mikhailovich to go to serve again or go to the village, where he can lead a more active lifestyle and get rid of ailments. However, Natalya Dmitrievna has already decided everything for her husband: “Platon Mikhailych loves the city, / Moscow; Why will he waste his days in the wilderness!”
Princess and Prince Tugoukhovsky appear with six daughters. The girls immediately begin to discuss their peoples with Natalya Dmitrievna. The princess finds out that Chatsky is not married and tells her husband to quickly call him to dinner with them. But then she hears that Chatsky does not have a court rank and is not rich. The princess shouts to her husband from across the hall to come back immediately.
Platon Mikhailovich introduces Chatsky to Zagoretsky, while openly characterizing the latter as a notorious swindler, rogue and informer. Zagoretsky pretends that he is not at all offended by such words addressed to him.
Khlestova appears, an imperious old woman who does not tolerate objections. She says that Zagoretsky, “a liar, a gambler, a thief,” procured two blackamoors for her. Famusov introduces Skalozub to Khlestova. The colonel, in this situation, reduces the conversation to army service. The old woman favors one Molchalin, who hovers around her and lavishes compliments on her dog. Chatsky mockingly speaks of Molchalin: “Who else will settle everything so peacefully!/ There he will pet the pug in time!/ Then he will wipe the card at the right time!/ Zagoretsky will not die in him!” Sophia is annoyed by his words: “I’m glad to humiliate, to prick, envious, proud and angry!” In a conversation with G.N., Sophia says that it seems to her that Chatsky has gone crazy. G. N. shares this news with G. D., who, in turn, tells Zagoretsky that Chatsky has lost his mind. Zagoretsky immediately picks up the gossip, fibbing as he goes: “They grabbed me, took me to the yellow house, and put me on a chain.” G. D: “For goodness sake, he was just here!” Zagoretsky responded: “So they’ve let him off the chain!”, after which he retells the gossip to the countess-granddaughter. She assures that she herself noticed that Chatsky is mad. Soon everyone gathered at the ball is firmly convinced of Chatsky’s madness. Only Platon Mikhailovich is suspicious of this rumor. The guests begin to discuss the reasons for Chatsky’s madness. The ladies accuse him of excessive drinking. Famusov believes that everything is to blame for “learning,” which is the real plague: “learning is the reason, / That now there is more than ever, / There are crazy people, and deeds, and opinions.” Khlestova supports him, speaking indignantly about Pedagogical Institute In Petersburg:
There they practice schisms and unbelief
Professors!! our relatives studied with them,
And he left! at least now to the pharmacy, to become an apprentice.
He runs away from women, and even from me!
Chinov doesn’t want to know! He's a chemist, he's a botanist,
Prince Fedor, my nephew.
Skalozub tries to please those gathered with the news that there is a project to shorten the period of study in gymnasiums and lyceums: “There they will only teach in our way: one, two; / And the books will be kept like this: for big occasions.” Famusov passionately objects to him, in order to stop the teaching, all the books must be burned. Chatsky appears: “A million torments / Chest from friendly pressure, / Legs from shuffling, ears from exclamations, / And most of all, the head from all sorts of trifles.” Turning to Sophia, he bitterly talks about the scene he saw in the next room: “the Frenchman from Bordeaux,” having arrived in Russia, among the barbarians, “found that there was no end to the caresses; / Neither the sound of a Russian, nor the Russian face / Did he meet: as if would be in the fatherland, with friends.” The Frenchman here in Moscow feels like a little king. “Will we ever be resurrected from the foreign power of fashion? / So that our smart, vigorous people / Although by language, do not consider us to be Germans?” - asks Chatsky. Looking around, he sees that no one is listening to him - ladies and gentlemen are waltzing with the greatest zeal, old men are sitting at card tables.
Act four
It was late evening. The guests of Famusov's house begin to leave.The countess-granddaughter scolds the owner:
“Well, ball! Well Famusov! knew how to name guests!
Some freaks from the other world,
And there is no one to talk to, and no one to dance with.”
The Gorich family also leaves.
Platon Mikhailovich complains to his wife about the boredom that balls cause him. His wife does not support him: “You are pretending, and very unskillfully.” As a result, Gorich sighs: “Ball is a good thing, bondage is bitter; /And who forces us to marry!” Chatsky is also in a hurry to leave, demanding that the carriage be brought quickly. At this moment Repetilov runs in. He immediately begins to assure Chatsky that he values his friendship with him, then says that he led a dissolute lifestyle and regrets it. However, now he has completely changed, read some mysterious book and became a member of the “most secret union,” he knows with “ the smartest people" Chatsky is skeptical of Repetilov’s confessions, because he knows the value of this empty man. He wonders what the members of the secret union do at their secret meetings? It turns out that all the activities of Repetilov’s friends boil down to empty talk: “We’re making noise, brother, we’re making noise!” Chatsky: “Are you making noise? but only?" Repetilov sees Skalozub and invites him to join the secret society. The colonel responds to this: “Spare me.” You won’t faint me with your learning,” “I will give Prince Gregory and you/ a sergeant-major to Voltaire,/ He will line you up in three ranks/ and make a sound, and he will instantly calm you down.” Next, Repetilov meets Zagoretsky and learns from him about Chatsky’s madness. At first he does not believe this, but the guests unanimously convince him that Chatsky has gone crazy. Repetilov is forced to agree with them.
Chatsky, who heard this conversation while in Switzerland, was shocked by the ridiculous rumors about himself. Sophia calls Molchalin. Chatsky is hiding behind a column. Lisa appears, knocks on Molchalin’s room and reports that the young lady is waiting for him at her place. He tries to be nice to Lisa, assuring her that he doesn’t like Sofya Pavlovna. “God grant her a rich life, / She once loved Chatsky, / She will stop loving me like him.” He hopes that the matter will work out without a wedding and is terribly afraid of the anger of Famusov, who may find out about their dates. He says that his father bequeathed to him to please all people:
The owner, where he will live,
The boss with whom I will serve,
To his servant who cleans dresses,
Doorman, janitor, to avoid evil,
To the janitor's dog, so that it is affectionate.
That is why he pretends to love the daughter of Famusov, his benefactor. Molchalin tries to hug Lisa, but he is stopped by Sophia, who heard the entire conversation: “Go no further, I’ve heard a lot, / A terrible person! I’m ashamed of myself, the walls.” Molchalin falls to his knees in front of her, trying to beg for forgiveness. Sophia does not listen to his excuses and, deceived in best feelings, demands that he leave their house immediately. Molchalin is hiding in his room. Chatsky comes out from behind the column.
He also heard everything:
“Here is the solution to the riddle at last!
Here I am sacrificed to whom!”
Chatsky reproaches Sophia:
"Oh! how to comprehend the game of fate?
A persecutor of people with a soul, a scourge! -
Silent people are blissful in the world!
Sophia answers in tears:
“Don’t continue, I’m blaming myself all around. But who would have thought that he could be so insidious!
Famusov appears with the servants. Seeing Chatsky and Sophia, he suspects that they are having a secret date.
Angry, Famusov threatens his daughter with exile “to the wilderness, to Saratov.”
Chatsky, in turn, pronounces an angry monologue, reproaching Sophia for choosing Molchalin over him. He is offended that Sophia did not tell him that she “turned everything that was before” between them to dust. Next, Chatsky advises her to make peace with Molchalin, because he will make an excellent husband-servant. He declares to Famusov that he will not woo his daughter, then demands a carriage and leaves. Famusov to Sophia: “Well, don’t you see that he’s gone crazy?... My fate is almost deplorable? Oh! My God! What will Princess Marya Aleksevna say?”
Woe from Wit - summary (3). Retelling by phenomena
Summary of the comedy Woe from Wit by chapters
Option No. 3
Here we offer our readers summary of the comedy by A.S. Griboyedova Woe from Wit with division not only by actions, but also by phenomena. This will allow you to better navigate the events when retelling or summarizing the comedy.
The action takes place in Famusov's house (Moscow).
ACT ONE
PHENOMENON ILiving room, in it big clock, on the right is the door to Sophia’s bedroom, from where a piano and flute can be heard, then the sounds fall silent. Lizanka is sleeping in the middle of the room, hanging from a chair (it’s morning, the day is just dawning). The awakened Lisa remembers that the young lady did not let her go since the evening: “We are waiting for a friend,” and the maid is forced to endure the inconvenience, the fear that everything will be revealed, then there will be no trouble. She calls out to Sophia and warns: “Everything in the house has risen.” He moves the clock forward so that the date, which lasted until the morning, ends.
SCENE II
Suddenly Famusov enters; he heard the clock striking. “Would it be too early for Sophia?” - he says and, seeing the maid, flirts with her. Lisa shames the master: “Come to your senses, you are old people... // Well, who will come, where are we going?” The maid assures that the girls sleep lightly. Sophia spent the whole night reading, only falling asleep in the morning. Famusov is surprised by the habits of young people: “French books keep her from sleeping, // But Russian books make it painful for me to sleep.” Sophia asks from behind the door about the cause of the noise, and Famusov tiptoes away.
SCENE III
Sophia and Silent just can’t part ways. Lisa warns that they may be caught. Sophia explains: “ Happy Hours They’re not watching.” The maid is afraid because... She will have to answer for everything.
PHENOMENA IV
Famusov appeared surprised to see his daughter with Molchalin in such early hour . The secretary admits that he was coming from a walk. Famusov advises: “Friend. Is it possible to choose a nook farther away for a walk?” He is sure that all the unrest is from foreigners and enlightenment: “He reads fables all night, // And here are the fruits of these books! // And all the Kuznetsky Bridge, and the eternal French... // Destroyers of pockets and hearts!” Sophia accuses her father of waking her up and frightening her with his loud conversation. She wants to convince Famusov that she entered the room after which and only then saw Molchalin. Famusov is offended that everyone blamed him, and he spends all his days in trouble, takes care of his daughter, who was left without a mother early, the house rests on him. The father considers himself a worthy example for Sophia: “You don’t need another example, // When the father’s example is in your eyes.” Smoothing out the situation, Sophia tells a dream she allegedly saw. She walked through the meadow with her lover, sweet and modest, “You know that you were born in poverty.”... Famusov categorically warns his daughter: “Ah! Mother, don’t finish the blow! // He who is poor is not a match for you.” He advises his daughter to go to bed, and calls his secretary to come to him to sort out the affairs, the collapse of which he is most afraid of. Famusov started the following custom when working: “It’s signed, off your shoulders.” SCENE V Left with the young lady, Lisa tells how she was frightened by the baripa who entered. According to the maid, Sophia’s idea was empty, she will not be given away for a poor man, another thing is Skalozub, “And the golden bag, and aims to become a general.” But Sophia “why don’t we throw it in the water?” Lisa remembers Chatsky, who is eloquent and smart, cried when he left, was afraid of losing Sophia’s favor. Sophia indifferently recalls Chatsky, with whom she was friends “in childhood.” She praises Molchalin for his loyalty and modesty, while Chatsky left far away for no one knows why. APPEARANCES VI-VII The servant reports on Chatsky. He is happy to see Sophia, for the sake of this meeting he traveled forty-five hours without rest. Sophia coldly greets Chatsky, trying to get rid of him as quickly as possible. Chatsky wants to know the news, goes through all his acquaintances. Sophia is annoyed by his criticality, and when he offends Molchalin, she throws to the side: “Not a man, a snake.” Sophia sarcastically suggests: “If only I could bring you and my aunt together, // So that I can count all my acquaintances.” And he asks: “Has it ever happened that you laughed? or sad? // An error? did they say good things about anyone?” Chatsky cannot understand the reasons for Sophia's hostility. SCENE VIII Sophia says to Famusov who has entered: “A dream in your hand.” The father is annoyed, cannot understand anything, and then he sees Chatsky - too many surprises in the morning. SCENE IX Famusov wants to know news from the traveler, but Chatsky is only interested in Sophia, he talks about her beauty and health. Famusova answers her questions by saying that she hasn’t been home yet. He'll come back in two hours and tell you everything. SCENE X Famusov is at a loss as to whom Sophia meant: Molchalin or Chatsky. “What a commission, creator, // To be a father to an adult daughter!” End of the first act
ACT TWO
PHENOMENON IFamusov scolds the servant for his always torn caftan. Forces Petrushka to write down upcoming visits for the next week and make amendments. At the same time, the master eloquently talks about the superiority of Moscow, about its “pillars of society”: “What kind of aces live and die in Moscow!”
SCENE II
Chatsky appears, he talks incessantly about Sophia, Famusov is irritated by this; he wonders if Chatsky is getting ready to get married, and to the young man’s question: “What would be the answer,” if he proposed, Pavel Afanasyevich replies: “I would say, firstly, don’t be a whim, // With property, brother, don’t drive incorrectly, // And, most importantly, come and serve.” Chatsky: “I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening.” Such arrogance of a young man
ACT THREE
PHENOMENON IChatsky goes to Sophia for a decisive answer: “Who is finally dear to her? Molchalin! Skalozub!” Sophia tries to laugh it off at first, and then openly talks about her love for Molchalin. Chatsky sees that he is “ridiculous,” but love overshadows his mind. Sophia sincerely praises Molchalin to him, but it seems to the young man that she cannot love such a nonentity. Sophia says about Skalozub: “The hero is not my novel.”
SCENE II
Having learned from Lisa that Silent is coming to her, Sophia unceremoniously gets rid of Chatsky.
SCENE III
Seeing Molchalin, Chatsky gives him a damning description. While talking with him, she learns about Alexei Stepanovich’s two talents - “moderation and accuracy,” which are enough to achieve success in Moscow’s high society. Molchalin dares to feel sorry for Chatsky, who did not achieve ranks, he explains: “Ranks are given by people, // But people can be deceived.” Molchalin advises Chatsky to pay a visit to Tatyana Yuryevna, maybe things will work out. Chatsky says that he does not know her. Molchalin explains the purpose of such a visit: “We find patronage where we do not seek it,” but Chatsky proudly remarks: “I go to women, but not for that.” Molchalin advises looking for happiness in Moscow: “Well, really, why would you serve with us in Moscow?
And take awards and have fun?” Chatsky has his own principles on this matter: “When I’m in business, I’m dancing with joy,
When I'm fooling around, I'm fooling around
And to mix these two crafts
There are tons of skilled people, I’m not one of them.”
He was especially irritated by Molchalin’s phrase:
“At my age one should not dare
Have your own judgment.”
Chatsky, out of habit, begins to challenge this opinion, and then comes to the conclusion: “With such feelings, with such a position,” this person, in principle, cannot please Sophia.
ACT FOUR
In Famusov’s house, the front entrance. Night, low light. Some lackeys are fussing, others are sleeping, waiting for their masters.PHENOMENA I-II
The leaving Countess-granddaughter is outraged by the reception: “Well, the ball! Well Famusov! knew how to name guests! // Some freaks from the other world, // And no one to talk to, and no one to dance with.” Platon Mikhailovich is also dissatisfied: he is bored.
SCENE III
Chatsky demands his carriage, but they can’t find it.
PHENOMENA IV
Repetilov sees Chatsky and is sincerely happy, his speech is too florid. Chatsky is trying to get rid of this empty person, but it’s not so easy, he admits: “Congratulate me, now I know people // The smartest!” Without knowing it, Repetilov gives a destructive description of his circle: “We’re making noise, brother , we make noise.” Chatsky asks mockingly: “Are you making noise? but only?"
PHENOMENA V
Repetilov switches to Skalozub, who has appeared, but the colonel also abruptly and unceremoniously gets rid of Repetilov: the sergeant-major “will line you up in three ranks, // And make a uttered noise, and he will instantly calm you down.”
SCENE VI
Zagoretsky sees Repetilov and informs him about Chatsky’s madness.
SCENE VII
The descending guests convince Repetilov of Chatsky's madness.
SCENE VIII
Khlestova says goodbye to Molchalin, who helpfully sees her off.
SCENE IX
Repetilov leaves, he doesn’t care where to go.
PHENOMEN X
Chatsky is horrified that he was mistaken for a madman: “Everyone repeats the absurdity about me out loud! // And for some it’s like a triumph, // Others seem to have compassion...” Then he sees Sophia sneaking into Molchalin’s room. Chatsky decides to stay to find out everything: “I’ll be here, and I won’t close my eyes, // At least until the morning.” If it’s time to drink grief, // It’s better right away...”
SCENE XI
Liza makes her way to Molchalin in the dark, because... Sophia saw Chatsky in the hallway, and she sent her maid.
SCENE XII
Molchalin was delighted at Lisa’s arrival. He opens his soul to her: “I don’t see anything // Enviable in Sofya Pavlovna. May God grant her a rich life. // My father bequeathed to me: // First, to please all people without exception - // The owner, where I happen to live, // The boss, with whom I will serve, // His servant, who cleans dresses, // The doorman, the janitor , to avoid evil, // To the janitor’s dog, so that it is affectionate.” Sophia, who observed this scene, is horrified by her lover’s treachery, because Molchalin has a whole program on how to get out into the world, guided by his father’s advice. Seeing Sophia, he humbly asks for her forgiveness. But Sophia demands that Molchalin leave the house by morning, otherwise she will reveal everything to her father.
SCENE XIII
But most of all, Sophia is upset that Chatsky witnessed her shame. Alexander Andreevich is bitter because of what insignificance Sophia forgot him: “I looked, and saw, and did not believe! // And dear, for whom is it forgotten // And former friend, and female shame, - // Hides behind the door, afraid to be held accountable.”
SCENE XIV
Famusov raises the whole house to its feet. He scolds his daughter, “forgetting decency,” and refuses Chatsky the house. He is horrified to learn that Sophia started a rumor about his madness: “So I still owe you this fiction?” Famusov threatens to punish everyone: the sluggish doorman - to “work... for a settlement”, Lisa “march to the hut, go after the birds”, Sophia: “To the village, to her aunt, to the wilderness, to Saratov, // There you will grieve. , // Sitting at the hoop, yawning at the calendar (list of saints. - Author). Chatsky speaks about everyone with contempt and very harshly:
Blind! In whom I sought the reward of all my labors! I was in a hurry... flying! I trembled, this is happiness, I thought, close, Before whom I just now so passionately and so low Was a waste of tender words! And you! Oh my God! who did you choose? When I think about who you preferred! Have you turned everything that happened into laughter?! Sophia needs
Husband-boy, husband-servant, from the wife's pages - High ideal all Moscow men.
You have glorified me as crazy by the whole choir. You are right: he will come out of the fire unharmed, whoever manages to spend a day with you will breathe the same air, and his sanity will survive. Get out of Moscow! I don't go here anymore. I’m running, I won’t look back, I’ll go looking around the world, Where there is a corner for an offended feeling!.. Carriage for me, carriage!
He's leaving.
SCENE XV
After Chatsky leaves, Famusov exclaims in horror: “Ah! My God! What will Princess Marya Aleksevna say?”
Woe from Wit - a detailed retelling of Griboedov's comedy
Detailed content of the work Woe from Wit based on actions and phenomena
For those who want to get acquainted with Griboyedov’s wonderful comedy not just by reading a summary, but to find out more details and details of the work, we offer an expanded version of the summary of the comedy Woe from Wit. Unlike the summary options presented above, this version of the retelling contains maximum amount quotes from the comedy with detailed explanations of their meaning. This version of the summary is quite large in volume, but it is still shorter than the original comedy. This will allow you to get acquainted with the events of Griboyedov’s unforgettable work “Woe from Wit” without spending so much time on reading, but receiving maximum information about this work.Action 1.
Phenomenon 1.Morning in the house of Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, a Moscow official, begins very early. Lisa, his daughter’s maid, knocks on the young lady’s bedroom door. Behind the doors, Sophia, Famusov's daughter, spends time with a young gentleman - Alexei Stepanovich Molchalin, who is her father's secretary.
Sophia is in no hurry to respond to Lisa, which greatly worries her. To force the lovers to separate, Lisa sets the clock so that it strikes 9 o'clock. At that very moment, the owner of the family, Famusov, enters.
Phenomenon 2.
After flirting a little with the maid, Famusov asks: is Sophia sleeping? To this Lisa carelessly replies: “I’m just taking a nap.” "Now! What about the night? - Famusov is surprised. “I spent the whole night reading,” Lisa hurries to defuse the situation.
Famusov indignantly answers Lisa:
Tell me that it’s not good to spoil her eyes,
And the use of reading is not great:
She can't sleep from French books,
And the Russians make it hard for me to sleep.
Lisa hurries to take the master away under the pretext that he will wake up Sophia, and sighs with relief.
Phenomenon 3.
And Sophia comes out of the room, followed by Molchalin. Lisa reproaches them for their carelessness:
Look at your watch, look out the window:
People have been pouring down the streets for a long time;
And in the house there is knocking, walking, sweeping and cleaning.
Happy hours are not observed.
Phenomenon 4.
Famusov enters. He is very surprised to find Molchalin and Sophia together early in the morning. A moral lesson follows in which Famusov uses an unkind word to remember the French, “destroyers of pockets and hearts,” with their fashions, book and biscuit shops, and reprimands Sophia for taking care of her upbringing from the cradle, and she does not follow her father’s positive example. He also talks about the ingratitude of Molchalin, whom he “warmed and took into his family, gave him the rank of assessor and took him as secretary.” Sofya and Lizanka try to reason with him, but Famusov continues to be indignant about how Molchalin could get into this room. Then Sophia says that she herself came running here because, due to a vague dream, she was afraid of her father’s voice. Famusov wonders what the dream was about. Sophia says: in a flowering meadow she met a young man, smart, but poor, “one of those whom we will see - as if we have known each other for centuries.” With this person they find themselves in a dark room, where they appear terrible monsters and they torture him, and the reluctant Sophia is taken away with him by his father. After listening, Famusov tells his daughter to “get the nonsense out of her head,” and leaves with Molchalin to sort out the papers, characterizing his attitude to matters this way:
And what matters to me, what doesn’t matter,
My custom is this:
Signed, off your shoulders.
Phenomenon 5.
Lisa asks Sophia to be careful, otherwise the master, having learned about everything, may put Sophia under lock and key, and kick out Liza and Molchain altogether, and rumors will spread. Sophia blithely replies: “What do I hear?” and “It could be worse, you can get away with it.” Lisa very perspicaciously notes that Famusov would like a son-in-law “with stars and with ranks,” such as, for example, Colonel Skalozub - “both a money bag and aspiring to be a general.”
In response, Sophia says:
He never uttered a smart word, -
I don’t care what goes into the water.
Lisa remembers Sophia’s former close friend:
Who is so sensitive, and cheerful, and sharp,
Like Alexander Andreich Chatsky!
Lisa talks in detail about how hard it was for him to part with Sophia when he went abroad to study. Sophia is very embarrassed, she makes an excuse that it was a childhood friendship, because “you can share laughter with everyone,” that he only “pretended to be in love,” and in general:
Oh! If someone loves someone,
Why search for the mind and travel so far?
Then she, as if making excuses, praises Molchalin for his shyness, and describes how their meetings go: “Hand in hand, and doesn’t take his eyes off me.”
Phenomenon 6.
At this moment, the servant announces that Alexander Andreevich Chatsky has arrived to Sophia. Then the hero himself appears, fresh from the road.
Phenomenon 7.
Chatsky is delighted that he sees Sophia again, in response to his hot questions, she is happy with him, receives a cold “Glad” in response, tries to remind her of their friendship, games, to which she responds “Childishness!” Then Chatsky starts a conversation about Moscow, about old acquaintances, and his speech is sharp, mocking, he exposes human weaknesses and shortcomings and laughs at the enemies of books, young aunts, foreign teachers. Sophia remains indifferent to his wit, to general memories, but when he touches Molchalin in his lively speech, he angrily asks if Chatsky has ever said kind things about anyone. Chatsky is surprised by her coldness, because he was in such a hurry to see her, but admits that he “loves” her madly.
Phenomenon 8.
Famusov appears, and Sophia, whispering to him: “Father, sleep in hand,” leaves, letting her father understand that Chatsky is the same young man whom she saw in her dream.
Phenomenon 9.
Famusov greets Chatsky like an old friend and hurries to ask him about the trip, but he only absentmindedly says: “How Sofya Pavlovna has become prettier for you!” - all his thoughts are occupied with the girl. He tells Famusov that he needs to stop home from the road, but in an hour he will be here and tell everything. Famusov wonders who Sophia is disposed towards; none of the candidates suits him - “that beggar (Molchalin), that dandy friend, is a notorious spendthrift, a tomboy (Chatsky).”
Act two.
Phenomenon 1.Famusov tells the servant to get a calendar and write down the official’s plans for the next week - a dinner party, the funeral of the chamberlain, about whom Famusov speaks with respect: “What kind of aces live and die in Moscow!” . His admiration is caused by the fact that the deceased “is rich and was married to a rich woman, married his children and grandchildren” (of course, profitably).
Phenomenon 2.
As promised, Chatsky returns and immediately begins by asking why Famusov “has a fuss in his face, in his movements,” isn’t Sofya Pavlovna sad about something, and whether she’s sick. Famusov directly asks him if he is planning to get married, and in this case he gives Chatsky advice:
I would say, firstly: don’t be a whim,
Brother, don’t mismanage your property,
And, most importantly, go ahead and serve.
Chatsky:
I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening.
This remark outrages Famusov; he tells a colorful story about how his uncle curried favor at Catherine’s court. To which Chatsky answers him: “The legend is fresh, but it’s hard to believe.” Now, he says, everything is different - before, “there was just an age of obedience and fear, all under the guise of zeal for the king,” and now, “even though there are hunters of meanness everywhere, but now laughter frightens and keeps shame in check,” and that people understand that you need to “serve the cause, not the individuals.” Famusov is horrified by these speeches; at first he exclaims about Chatsky “ A dangerous person!”, and then completely closes his ears so as not to hear the progressive judgments of his guest.
Phenomenon 3.
Only when a servant appears to announce the arrival of Colonel Skalozub, Famusov takes his hands from his ears and orders him to be greeted as a dear guest. And he warns Chatsky to behave more carefully in front of the colonel and not express seditious thoughts, because Skalozub has “insignia, an enviable rank,” and in Moscow they say “he’s supposed to marry Sonyushka.” Famusov advises Chatsky:
Please don’t argue at random in front of him
And give up these false ideas.
Phenomenon 4.
Chatsky suspects “is there really some kind of groom here?” otherwise why is he received so coldly here, but with Skalozub so hospitable. And he complains, half jokingly, half seriously:
Oh! Tell him love is over,
Who will go away for three years?
Phenomenon 5.
Famusov fusses around Skalozub, sits him down and begins the conversation first with his relatives, smoothly moving on to career issues, simultaneously characterizing his principles:
When I have employees, strangers are very rare;
More and more sisters, sisters-in-law, children;
How will you begin to introduce yourself to a little cross, to a small town,
Well, how can you not please your loved one!
Skalozub talks about his cousin, which “strongly gained some new rules”:
The rank followed him: he suddenly left the service,
In the village I began to read books.
Both Skalozub and Famusov condemn such an unreasonable act, and move on to a more pleasant topic - Skalozub is counting on the rank of general in the very near future. Here Famusov brings up the idea of the general’s wife, meaning, of course, Sophia. Then he describes the morals of Moscow society, where “the only thing they value is the nobility.” The description comes out unsightly - a person here is valued not for his intelligence, but for his wealth, they worship foreigners, it doesn’t matter “even fair man, at least not.” “Old men”, representatives of the older generation of nobles, spend their days in empty disputes about the government - “they will find fault with this, with that, and more often with nothing, they will argue, make noise, and ... disperse.” Ladies are “the judges of everything, everywhere.” "At home and everything is on new way" Chatsky loudly responds to this phrase: “The houses are new, but the prejudices are old.” Famusov says that everyone condemns him, Chatsky, for the fact that he “does not serve” (in Famusov’s sense, of course, “does not serve”). Chatsky delivers a magnificent monologue, “Who are the judges?” He denounces those who are hostile to freedom and committed to the old order:
Where, show us, are the fathers of the fatherland,
Which ones should we take as models?
Aren't these the ones who are rich in robbery?
They found protection from court in friends, in kinship,
Magnificent building chambers,
Where they indulge in feasts and extravagance...
These are the ones who lived to see their gray hairs!
This is who we should respect in the wilderness!
Here are our strict connoisseurs and judges!
Chatsky contrasts this entire predatory clique with a young man who does not require ranks, but is “thirst for knowledge” or striving “for creative, high and beautiful arts.” Chatsky speaks of admiration for the “uniform”, for high positions:
Uniform! One uniform! He is in their former life
Once covered, embroidered and beautiful,
Their weakness, their poverty of mind...
His entire speech is full of sincere anger and accusatory pathos. Famusov is scared: “He’ll get me into trouble.” He retires to his office, saying that he will wait for Skalozub there.
Phenomenon 6.
Skalozub, naturally, not understanding anything in Chatsky’s speech, admires how skillfully he spoke about the universal adoration of the military, about how “they marvel at their gold and embroidery, like the sun.”
Phenomenon 7.
Sophia runs in, followed by Lisa. Sophia exclaims in horror: “Ah! My God! He fell and was killed!” and faints. Lisa explains that Sophia saw Molchalin fall from his horse. Skalozub leaves to “look at how he cracked - in the chest or in the side.”
Phenomenon 8.
Chatsky shows great concern and care for Sophia. The same one, having come to her senses, first of all asks about Molchalin and scolds Chatsky for not running to Molchalin’s aid:
Murderous with their coldness!
I have no strength to look at you or listen to you.
Chatsky replies that he couldn’t leave her alone, and Sophia waves it off: “What do you need me for?” and hurries to look out the window to find out what’s wrong with Molchalin. Chatsky begins to suspect her feelings:
Confusion! Fainting! Haste! Anger! Scared!
So you can only feel
When you lose your only friend.
Phenomenon 9.
Skalozub and Molchalin enter with a bandaged hand. Skalozub is loudly surprised that so much fuss was made over a trifle. Sophia makes an excuse that, although he is not a coward, “every little thing in others frightens her,” even if the misfortune happened to stranger. Skalozub tells the “news” that a certain princess Lasova recently broke a rib after falling from a horse, “so she is looking for a husband for support.” Sophia turns to Chatsky, saying that this is a wonderful opportunity to show generosity. Chatsky, who had no idea of marrying any Lasova, upset by Sophia’s ingratitude and her sarcastic remark, leaves.
Phenomenon 10.
Sophia invites Skalozub to the Famusovs’ house for an evening. Skalozub leaves.
Phenomenon 11.
Sophia attacks Molchalin with reproaches, why is he playing with the life that is so dear to her, worries about what’s wrong with his hand, asks if he should send for a doctor. Lisa philosophically notes that the hand is nonsense, but publicity cannot be avoided, because Chatsky and Skalozub will certainly talk about the fainting. Sofya objects that she pretended very well in front of them, Molchalin does not agree: “No, Sofya Pavlovna, you are too frank.” Sophia sincerely expresses her feelings:
Where to get secrecy from!
I was ready to jump through your window.
What do I care about anyone? Before them? To the whole universe?
Molchalin fears: “Oh, gossips scarier than a pistol." Lisa advises to be more carefree with Skalozub, and more gentle with Chatsky. Sophia laments:
I'm afraid that I won't be able to withstand the pretense.
Why did God bring Chatsky here!
Phenomenon 12.
After Sophia leaves, Molchalin admits to Lisa that he loves her, not the young lady, and gives her gifts. Lisa wonders why he is “modest with the young lady, but a rake with the maid.” Molchalin promises to tell her if she comes to him for lunch and leaves.
Phenomenon 13.
Sophia returns and tells Lisa to tell Molchalin that she will not go to dinner and calls him to her place.
Act three.
Phenomenon 1.Chatsky is waiting for Sophia in the room, wants to find out from her, “Who is finally dear to her? Molchalin? Skalozub? And when Sophia appears, he decisively asks her: “Who do you love?” She evasively admits that she prefers the “others” to him. Chatsky says:
And what do I want when everything is decided?
It’s a noose for me, but it’s funny for her.
But he himself does not fully believe in it. Sophia makes it clear to him that in Chatsky she does not like “the immodest gaiety, the menacing look, the harsh tone,” and it would be better if he laughed at himself. Chatsky answers:
I'm strange, but who isn't?
The one who is like all fools;
Molchalin, for example...
Sophia, offended by her beloved Molchalin, wants to leave, but Chatsky holds her back and reveals to her the full depth of his feelings, comparing himself and Molchalin:
Let Molchalin have a lively mind, a brave genius,
But does he have that passion? That feeling? That ardor?
So that, besides you, he has the whole world
Did it seem like dust and vanity?
Chatsky demands proof from Sophia that Molchalin is worthy of such a beautiful girl, otherwise he will go crazy. Sophia replies that she has no special feelings for Molchalin, she simply stands up for him in front of Chatsky, who always showers Molchalin with barbs and jokes. Chatsky says that the goal of his life is not laughter at all, and with people like Molchalin, he is more often bored than happy. Sophia objects that Molchalin is unlikely to get bored if you get to know him briefly, and describes his merits: how Molchalin disarms the angry Famusov with silence, how he plays cards all evening with “old men” - old officials, Famusov’s guests. Sophia believes that a happy family does not require a mind “that is quick, brilliant and will soon become disgusting.”
Of the most wonderful quality
Molchalin finally: compliant, modest, quiet,
Not a shadow of worry in his face,
And there are no wrongdoings in my soul...
Chatsky is delighted: “She doesn’t put him in a penny!” - he says to himself. And inquires about Skalozub. Sophia briefly replies that he is not the hero of her novel.
Phenomenon 2.
Lisa appears and whispers to the young lady that Alexey Stepanych (i.e. Molchalin) will soon come to her. Sophia leaves Chatsky under the pretext that she needs to go to the hairdresser, and refuses to even let him into her room for a couple of minutes.
Phenomenon 3.
Chatsky remains with his doubts. Molchalin enters and Chatsky begins a conversation. Molchalin says that since he has been in the service, he has “received three awards” for his talents - “moderation and accuracy.” He says that everyone here was surprised and pitied Chatsky for his lack of success in his career. Chatsky answers aphoristically:
Ranks are given by people,
And people can be deceived.
Molchalin rants about famous woman Tatyana Yuryevna, to whom all officials and officials are friends or relatives, and advises Chatsky to receive her patronage, begin to serve in Moscow, “and receive awards, and have fun.” Chatsky is again proud and sincere:
When I'm busy, I hide from fun,
When I'm fooling around, I'm fooling around
And mix these two crafts
There are many masters, I am not one of them.
Chatsky speaks of the official praised by Molchalin: “The most empty person, among the most stupid.” Molchalin says that he does not dare to judge because:
At my age I shouldn't dare
Have your own judgment.
Molchalin believes that while a person is “in small ranks,” he “needs to depend on others.” Chatsky is completely sure that Sophia could not fall in love with such an insignificant person.
Phenomenon 4.
Servants are fussing about, guests are beginning to arrive at Famusov’s evening.
Phenomenon 5.
Natalya Dmitrievna, a young lady, a guest, meets Chatsky on the way to the hall. They knew each other before Chatsky went abroad. N.D. reports that she is married and introduces Chatsky to her husband, Platon Mikhailovich, who turns out to be an old friend of our hero. Chatsky eagerly asks him how he lives now - “has the noise of the camp been forgotten, comrades and brothers”? Platon Mikhailovich complains of boredom, Chatsky is surprised, but his wife responds to all his further remarks: the advice to serve is that the husband is “very weak in health”, the advice to go to the village Natalya Dmitrievna refers to her husband’s love for Moscow and reluctance to ruin his days in wilderness. Platon Mikhailovich just sighs: “Now, brother, I’m not the same...” Obviously, this society lady in a short time turned the dashing cavalry officer into a henpecked man, who is tormented by rheumatism, headaches and nostalgia for his former free life.
Phenomenon 7.
Enter Prince Tugoukhovsky (who is indeed hard of hearing) and his wife, the princess, with six daughters. The princesses and Natalya Dmitrievna chatter about outfits, and the princess, having spotted Chatsky and considering him a potential groom for one of her daughters, sends the prince to invite the young man to visit. But as soon as Natalya Dmitrievna informs her that Chatsky is not rich and does not have a high position, the princess immediately loudly recalls the prince back from across the hall.
Phenomenon 8.
Two prim Countesses Khryumina appear - grandmother and granddaughter. In a conversation with his granddaughter, Chatsky boldly calls Moscow fashionistas copies of Parisian ones.
Phenomenon 9.
Many guests, among them Zagoretsky. Sophia leaves her room and Zagoretsky hurries to helpfully bring her a ticket for tomorrow's performance. Platon Mikhailovich ironically recommends Zagoretsky to Chatsky as a real socialite - a swindler, rogue, hypocrite and informer.
Phenomenon 10.
Khlestova, Sophia's old aunt, appears. She tells how Zagoretsky, by trickery, got her a gift at the fair - “a blackaa girl for services.” Chatsky laughs at Zagoretsky, Khlestova takes it personally and is offended by him.
Phenomenon 11.
Famusov comes in and is worried why Skalozub hasn’t arrived yet.
Phenomenon 12.
Then Skalozub enters, quick to hear, and Famusov immediately takes him away to play whist. Molchalin invites Khlestova to whist, praises her dog, and, in general, curries favor.
Phenomenon 13.
The unsympathetic guests gradually flow into another room, with tables for card games. Sophia and Chatsky are left alone. Chatsky wants to speak, but Sophia cuts him off. Then Chatsky sarcastically attacks Molchalin - he says that he is like a lightning rod for an angry old woman:
Molchalin! - Who else will settle everything so peacefully!
Here he will pet the pug in time!
It's time to rub the card in!
And he leaves, not even suspecting what cruel revenge he will incur on himself with his intemperance towards Molchalin.
Phenomenon 14.
Probably, Sophia would not have been so angry if she had not felt somewhere deep down that everything Chatsky said about Molchalin was true. When a certain guest N. approaches her and asks how she finds Chatsky after a long absence, she irritably says: “He’s out of his mind.” The guest is amazed: “How is it possible, in these years!” Sophia says gloatingly to the side:
He is ready to believe!
Ah, Chatsky! You love to dress everyone up as jesters,
Would you like to try it on yourself?
Phenomenon 15.
Guest N. tells guest D. new gossip about Chatsky.
Phenomenon 16.
Guest D asks Zagoretsky if it is true that Chatsky has gone crazy. And he is happy to confirm:
His uncle, the rogue, hid him in the insane...
They grabbed me, took me to the yellow house, and put me on a chain.
Phenomenon 17.
Zagoretsky tells Countess Khryumina, her granddaughter, that Chatsky is crazy. She agrees that his behavior is indeed strange.
Phenomenon 18.
The Countess's granddaughter tries to tell the “sweet news” to her grandmother, but she is deaf and does not hear her. Then the granddaughter goes to more grateful listeners.
Phenomenon 19.
Zagoretsky makes another attempt to tell that Chatsky “was wounded in the forehead in the mountains, went crazy from the wound,” in general, he is inventing from the heart, but in vain - old Khryumina does not hear.
Phenomenon 20.
Prince Tugoukhovsky approaches Countess Khryumina. A dialogue between the deaf takes place, despite the fact that she understood almost nothing, the Countess also tries to gossip about Chatsky.
Phenomenon 21.
If in the previous several phenomena it was clearly shown how quickly the earth is filled with rumors, then in this phenomenon almost all the guests gathered in one room and lively discussed the issue of Chatsky’s madness. Only Platon Mikhailovich still hesitates, but Famusov directly announces:
I’ve been wondering for a long time how no one will tie him up!
Try talking about the authorities - and God knows what they'll tell you!
Then the reasons for madness are discussed - some for “drinking beyond his years,” others believe that “learning is the plague, learning is the reason.” Famusov advocates “to stop evil: take away all the books and burn them.” Then Khlestova and Famusov begin to argue about how many peasant souls Chatsky has. And then he appears.
Phenomenon 22.
Everyone recoils from Chatsky as if from a leper; in the crowd of guests they are afraid that the crazy man might start a fight. Chatsky approaches Sophia as if he were the only one to a loved one, and complains to her:
My soul here is somehow compressed by grief,
And in the crowd I am lost, not myself.
No! I'm dissatisfied with Moscow.
Then Sophia asks him: “Tell me, what makes you so angry?” And Chatsky briefly talks about the “insignificant meeting”: in the next room, the “Frenchman from Bordeaux” talks about how he was afraid to go to Russia, to the barbarians, but found here like a French province - “not the sound of a Russian, not a Russian face.” Chatsky is angry at the “empty, slavish, blind imitation” of Europe, he denounces the “alien power of fashion” and laments that “our smart, cheerful people” consider Russian nobles not Russian. Chatsky takes a breath, looks around - Sophia is not there, no one is listening to him - they are dancing a waltz.
Act four.
The front entrance to Famusov's house. There is a large staircase, guests descend from the second floor, and footmen are waiting for them below. On the left is the door to Molchalin's room.Phenomenon 1.
The Khryumina countesses leave, the granddaughter angrily scolds the ball, calling the guests “freaks from the other world.”
Phenomenon 2.
Platon Mikhailovich Gorich and his wife Natalya Dmitrievna are leaving. The husband complains that “before balls he is a mortal reluctance” and goes to them only because of his wife, but the wife is happy, says that it was fun, and hurries her husband to get into the carriage.
Phenomenon 3.
Chatsky goes down and sends the footman for the carriage, he himself sadly reflects on the fact that in no one he found either living participation or sincere joy of meetings and compares this day with a journey across a snow-covered plain.
Phenomenon 4.
A new absurd figure - Repetilov - runs in from the street, stumbles near the stairs and falls. He notices Chatsky and rushes to him shouting: “Dear friend! Dear friend! , immediately swears to eternal love, friendship and devotion, and seems desperately glad to see Chatsky. Repetilov talks like a nightingale about the wrong way of life he led before - “I valued empty people! He deceived his wife! Played! Lost! Drank dead! He rejected everything: laws! Conscience! I believe!” Now he “doesn’t prowl all night long,” but “knows the smartest people,” is in a “most secret alliance,” immediately dedicates Chatsky to where and when meetings are held and invites him to immediately go there with him. Chatsky ironically asks what people are doing in this society. “We’re making noise, brother, we’re making noise,” Repetilov replies. And describes what wonderful people Members of this “union” are Prince Gregory, obsessed with England and everything English, the colorless brothers “Levon and Borinka, wonderful guys,” about whom you even “don’t know what to say.” There's more there brilliant writer, who writes nothing and is a “night robber, duelist”, who is “strongly unclean in his hand; But clever man” and talks about “high honesty.” Repetilov tells how he himself, an ordinary person, is famous in this society for his ability to come up with puns for vaudevilles. It is obvious to Chatsky how pathetic these people are.
Phenomenon 5.
Skalozub comes down the stairs and Repetilov, forgetting about Chatsky, rushes to strangle the colonel in a friendly embrace. Chatsky hides from them in the Swiss. While Repetilov talks about how he unsuccessfully made his career and just as unsuccessfully married, Skalozub leaves.
Phenomenon 6.
Zagoretsky appears in front of Repetilov. The chatterbox mentions Chatsky and the rogue Zagoretsky hastens to assure him that Chatsky is crazy, and everyone knows about it. And he turns for confirmation to the Tugoukhovskys, who are just coming down the stairs with their daughters.
Phenomenon 7.
The princesses besiege Repetilov and vying with each other to assure him that “the whole world knows about Chatsky’s madness.” They shame him: “Is it possible against everyone!” The princess speaks out: “it’s dangerous to talk to Chatsky, it’s time to lock him up long ago.” The princely family and Zagoretsky leave.
Phenomenon 8.
Molchalin helps old woman Khlestova down the stairs and goes home. Repetilov asks her opinion about Chatsky and hears in response: “They’ll treat you, maybe they’ll cure you.”
Phenomenon 9.
Repetilov is leaving - “somewhere,” as he himself puts it.
Phenomenon 10.
Chatsky leaves the Swiss. He heard everything, he was shocked.
ABOUT! if someone penetrated people:
What's worse about them? Soul or language?
Whose essay is this?
Fools believed it, they passed it on to others,
The old women instantly sound the alarm -
And so public opinion!
And this is the homeland...
Chatsky is tormented whether Sophia knows about this, and comes to the conclusion that, even if she knows, “she doesn’t care,” “she doesn’t value anyone in her conscience.” And today’s fainting is not “a sign of living passions,” but “a spoiled nerve, a quirk.” At this time, Sophia with a candle slightly opens the doors to the dark hallway and calls out to Molchalin. Chatsky’s footman wants to announce that the carriage has arrived, but Chatsky pushes him out the door and decides to stay here “at least until the morning” until he is finally convinced of Sophia’s choice. Hiding behind a column.
Phenomenon 11.
Liza, timidly, comes down with a candle and knocks on Molchalin’s door, calling him to the young lady.
Phenomenon 12.
Molchalin comes out and starts complimenting Liza. Lisa mentions the wedding, Molchalin says that he is by no means going to marry Sofya Pavlovna, he “does not see anything enviable” in her. He admits:
My father bequeathed to me:
First, please all people without exception -
The owner, where he will live,
The boss with whom I will serve,
To his servant who cleans dresses,
Doorman, janitor, to avoid evil
To the janitor's dog, so that it is affectionate.
And he looked after Sophia only because her father “both feeds and waters him, and sometimes gives him rank.” Molchalin wants to go upstairs, but runs into Sophia, who heard everything while standing on the stairs. Sophia feels bad and ashamed: “Terrible person! I’m ashamed of myself and the walls.” Molchalin falls to his knees in front of her and says that he was joking. Sophia tells him to get out, otherwise she will tell everything to the priest:
From then on, it was as if I didn’t know you.
Reproaches, complaints, my tears
Don’t you dare expect, you’re not worth it;
But don't let dawn catch you in the house here.
May I never hear from you again.
But when Sophia says that she is glad that she found out everything at night, without witnesses, and remembers how she fainted during the day in front of Chatsky, Chatsky cannot stand it and comes out from behind the column. Sophia and Lisa, frightened, gasp loudly. Molchalin quickly disappears into his room.
Phenomenon 13.
Chatsky accuses Sophia of “forgetting women’s fear and shame,” he is furious that Sophia chose Molchalin. Sophia is crying.
Phenomenon 14.
Famusov, who heard the noise below, and a crowd of servants with candles run out into the hallway, expecting to find brownies or robbers here. Famusov exclaims: “Bah! All the faces are familiar!” and curses his daughter for her indecent behavior:
Fear God, how? How did he seduce you?
She called him crazy!
Chatsky is taken aback by the news that it was Sophia who spread the rumor about his madness. Famusov, meanwhile, goes on a rampage: he scolds his servants for being careless, threatening to send them to Siberia, to hard labor; Liza threatens to send her “to go after the birds,” and own daughter- “to the village, to my aunt, to the wilderness, to Saratov.” Before Chatsky, he says, all the doors in Moscow will now be locked. Famusov promises to make this matter public: “I will submit it to the Senate, to the ministers, to the sovereign.”
Blind! In whom I sought the reward of all my labors!
I was in a hurry!...flying! trembled! Happiness, I thought, was close.
However, he is unfair to Sophia - he claims that she “lured him with hope,” that she did not directly tell him that she “turned everything that happened into laughter,” although it was obvious to everyone except the unhappy lover that Sophia “his sudden arrival, his his appearance, his words, his actions - everything is disgusting.” Chatsky says that Sophia will still make peace with Molchalin, because he will turn out to be “a boy-husband, a servant-husband, a wife’s pages - the high ideal of all Moscow husbands.” Chatsky pours out his frustration on Moscow society- “tormentors of the crowd, traitors in love, tireless in enmity, indomitable storytellers, clumsy wise men, crafty simpletons, sinister old women, old men.” He complains that it is impossible to stay in this environment for one day and maintain a sane mind. And finally:
Get out of Moscow! I don't go here anymore.
I’m running, I won’t look back, I’ll go looking around the world,
Where is there a corner for an offended feeling!..
Carriage for me, carriage!
What follows is a conversation between Lisa and Sophia about the latter’s former lover, Chatsky, who went abroad three years ago. Suddenly Chatsky also arrives. Being a rather straightforward and free-spirited person, Chatsky offends Molchalin’s dignity, thereby insulting Sophia. After lunch, Chatsky again finds himself at Famusov’s house, and from his questions, he understands that Chatsky has “plans” for his daughter.
Then Colonel Skalozub appears in the house, whom Famusov himself is targeting as the suitor of his daughter Sophia. Famusov delivers a long monologue praising the capital's nobility, distinguished by generosity, loyalty to tradition, as well as wives and coquettes who know their worth. Skalozub is introduced to Chatsky. However, here Chatsky makes a long speech criticizing sycophancy and admiration for those in power, whom Famusov reveres so highly.
Molchalin’s slight fall from his horse reveals Sophia’s feelings for him to those around him. Chatsky is convinced that the passion is already serious. A conversation with Molchalin convinces Chatsky of the insignificance of the secretary as a person. Guests come to Famusov’s home, including the Gorichevs, the princess accompanied by six daughters, and Prince Tugoukhovsky. Their conversations are devoid of meaning and content. Chatsky is introduced to Zagoretsky, a swindler and rogue. Of the young people, old woman Khlestova favors only Molchalin, who managed to compliment her dog. Sophia, wanting to take revenge for Molchalin’s unflattering assessment, tells those present that Chatsky has gone crazy. The deaf countess declares that Chatsky is a freethinker. Chatsky tries to explain to Sophia that the Russian people are no worse than foreigners, but does not meet with understanding.
Repetilov arrives, who is very pleased to meet Chatsky and invites him to attend a secret circle of oppositionists discussing serious problems. This causes ridicule from Chatsky. Those around Repetilov begin to convince him of Chatsky’s madness. It turns out by chance that Molchalin pays attention to Sophia only out of fear of losing the owner’s favor. His real passion- This is Lisa. Sophia is outraged, and Chatsky accuses her of hostility. He self-critically ironizes over his naivety, as well as over the entire circle of Famusov’s guests, in which one can really get moving. In anger, he leaves this house, declaring never to return to it. Famusov laments only about how the scandal will be perceived by “Princess Marya Aleksevna!”
What is the comedy Woe from Wit about? What is its meaning and morality? Briefly.
Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" is undoubtedly an achievement of Russian realistic drama, which replaced classicism. The focus is on the tragedy and comedy of Chatsky’s position in conflict with the society of an official and the power of an admirer of Famusov. Chatsky is a hero and oppositionist of his time. Social and love intrigues are intertwined, and each develops in its own way and is resolved almost simultaneously. Ultimately, Chatsky is both a winner and a victim of circumstances and the era.
CHARACTERS:
Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is a manager in a government office.
Sophia is his daughter.
Lizanka is a maid.
Alexey Stepanovich Molchalin is Famusov’s secretary, lives in his house.
Alexander Andreevich Chatsky.
Sergei Sergeevich Skalozub - Colonel.
Natalya Dmitrievna,
Platon Mikhailovich, her husband - Gorichi
Prince Tugoukhovsky.
The princess, his wife, with six daughters.
Grandmother Countess
Countess-granddaughter - Khryumins
Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky.
Old woman Khlestova is Famusov’s sister-in-law.
G.N.
G.D.
Repetilov.
Parsley and several servants.
THE ACTION takes place in Famusov's Moscow house.
ACT ONE
SCENE I Living room, there is a large clock in it, on the right is the door to Sophia’s bedroom, from where a piano and flute can be heard, then the sounds fall silent. Lizanka is sleeping in the middle of the room, hanging from a chair (it’s morning, the day is just dawning). The awakened Lisa remembers that the young lady did not let her go since the evening: “We are waiting for a friend,” and the maid is forced to endure the inconvenience, the fear that everything will be revealed, then there will be no trouble. She calls out to Sophia and warns: “Everything in the house has risen.” He moves the clock forward so that the date, which lasted until the morning, ends.
SCENE II Famusov unexpectedly enters; he heard the clock striking. “Would it be too early for Sophia?” - he says and, seeing the maid, flirts with her. Lisa shames the master: “Come to your senses, you are old people... // Well, who will come, where are we going?” The maid assures that the girls sleep lightly. Sophia spent the whole night reading, only falling asleep in the morning. Famusov is surprised by the habits of young people: “French books keep her from sleeping, // But Russian books make it painful for me to sleep.” Sophia asks from behind the door about the cause of the noise, and Famusov tiptoes away.
SCENE III Sophia and the Silent One cannot part with each other. Lisa warns that they may be caught. Sophia explains: “Happy people don’t watch the clock.” The maid is afraid because... She will have to answer for everything.
SCENE IV Famusov appears, surprised to see his daughter with Molchalin at such an early hour. The secretary admits that he was coming from a walk. Famusov advises: “Friend. Is it possible to choose a nook farther away for a walk?” He is sure that all the unrest is from foreigners and enlightenment: “He reads fables all night, // And here are the fruits of these books! // And all the Kuznetsky Bridge, and the eternal French... // Destroyers of pockets and hearts!” Sophia accuses her father of waking her up and frightening her with his loud conversation. She wants to convince Famusov that she entered the room after which and only then saw Molchalin. Famusov is offended that everyone blamed him, and he spends all his days in trouble, takes care of his daughter, who was left without a mother early, the house rests on him. The father considers himself a worthy example for Sophia: “You don’t need another example, // When the father’s example is in your eyes.” Smoothing out the situation, Sophia tells a dream she allegedly saw. She walked through the meadow with her lover, sweet and modest, “You know that you were born in poverty.”... Famusov categorically warns his daughter: “Ah! Mother, don’t finish the blow! // He who is poor is not a match for you.” He advises his daughter to go to bed, and calls his secretary to come to him to sort out the affairs, the collapse of which he is most afraid of. Famusov started the following custom when working: “It’s signed, off your shoulders.”
SCENE V Left with the young lady, Lisa tells how she was frightened by the baripa who entered. According to the maid, Sophia’s idea was empty, she will not be given away for a poor man, another thing is Skalozub, “And the golden bag, and aims to become a general.” But Sophia “why don’t we throw it in the water?” Lisa remembers Chatsky, who is eloquent and smart, cried when he left, was afraid of losing Sophia’s favor. Sophia indifferently recalls Chatsky, with whom she was friends “in childhood.” She praises Molchalin for his loyalty and modesty, while Chatsky left far away for no one knows why. APPEARANCES VI-VII The servant reports on Chatsky. He is happy to see Sophia, for the sake of this meeting he traveled forty-five hours without rest. Sophia coldly greets Chatsky, trying to get rid of him as quickly as possible. Chatsky wants to know the news, goes through all his acquaintances. Sophia is annoyed by his criticality, and when he offends Molchalin, she throws to the side: “Not a man, a snake.” Sophia sarcastically suggests: “If only I could bring you and my aunt together, // So that I can count all my acquaintances.” And he asks: “Has it ever happened that you laughed? or sad? // An error? did they say good things about anyone?” Chatsky cannot understand the reasons for Sophia's hostility.
SCENE VIII Sophia says to Famusov who has entered: “A dream in your hand.” The father is annoyed, cannot understand anything, and then he sees Chatsky - too many surprises in the morning.
SCENE IX Famusov wants to know news from the traveler, but Chatsky is only interested in Sophia, he talks about her beauty and health. Famusova answers her questions by saying that she hasn’t been home yet. He'll come back in two hours and tell you everything.
SCENE X Famusov is at a loss as to whom Sophia meant: Molchalin or Chatsky. “What a commission, creator, // To be a father to an adult daughter!” End of the first act
ACT TWO
SCENE I Famusov scolds the servant for his always torn caftan. Forces Petrushka to write down upcoming visits for the next week and make amendments. At the same time, the master eloquently talks about the superiority of Moscow, about its “pillars of society”: “What kind of aces live and die in Moscow!”
APPEARANCE II Chatsky appears, he talks incessantly about Sophia, Famusov is irritated by this; he wonders if Chatsky is getting ready to get married, and to the young man’s question: “What would be the answer,” if he proposed, Pavel Afanasyevich replies: “I would say, firstly, don’t be a whim, // With property, brother, don’t drive incorrectly, // And, most importantly, come and serve.” Chatsky: “I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening.” Such arrogance of a young man
ACT THREE
SCENE I Chatsky goes to Sophia for a decisive answer: “Who is finally dear to her? Molchalin! Skalozub!” Sophia tries to laugh it off at first, and then openly talks about her love for Molchalin. Chatsky sees that he is “ridiculous,” but love overshadows his mind. Sophia sincerely praises Molchalin to him, but it seems to the young man that she cannot love such a nonentity. Sophia says about Skalozub: “The hero is not my novel.”
SCENE II Having learned from Lisa that Silence is coming to her, Sophia unceremoniously gets rid of Chatsky.
SCENE III Seeing Molchalin, Chatsky gives him a murderous description. While talking with him, she learns about Alexei Stepanovich’s two talents - “moderation and accuracy,” which are enough to achieve success in Moscow’s high society. Molchalin dares to feel sorry for Chatsky, who did not achieve ranks, he explains: “Ranks are given by people, // But people can be deceived.” Molchalin advises Chatsky to pay a visit to Tatyana Yuryevna, maybe things will work out. Chatsky says that he does not know her. Molchalin explains the purpose of such a visit: “We find patronage where we do not seek it,” but Chatsky proudly remarks: “I go to women, but not for that.” Molchalin advises looking for happiness in Moscow: “Well, really, why would you serve with us in Moscow? // And take awards and have fun?” Chatsky has his own principles on this matter: “When I’m in business, I’m dancing with joy, // When I’m fooling around, I’m fooling around, // And mixing these two crafts // There are a lot of skilled people, I’m not one of them.” He was especially irritated by Molchalin’s phrase: “At my age one should not dare to have one’s own judgment.” Chatsky, out of habit, begins to challenge this opinion, and then comes to the conclusion: “With such feelings, with such
ACT FOUR In Famusov’s house, the front entrance. Night, low light. Some lackeys are fussing, others are sleeping, waiting for their masters. APPEARANCES I-II The leaving Countess-granddaughter is outraged by the reception: “Well, the ball! Well Famusov! knew how to name guests! // Some freaks from the other world, // And no one to talk to, and no one to dance with.” Platon Mikhailovich is also dissatisfied: he is bored.
SCENE III Chatsky demands his carriage, but they can’t find it.
SCENE IV Repetilov sees Chatsky and is sincerely happy, his speech is too florid. Chatsky is trying to get rid of this empty person, but it’s not so easy, he admits: “Congratulate me, now I know people // The smartest!” Without knowing it, Repetilov gives a destructive description of his circle: “We’re making noise, brother , we make noise.” Chatsky asks mockingly: “Are you making noise? but only?"
SCENE V Repetilov switches to Skalozub who has appeared, but the colonel also abruptly and unceremoniously gets rid of Repetilov: the sergeant major “will line you up in three ranks, // And make a uttered noise, and he’ll instantly calm you down.”
SCENE VI Zagoretsky sees Repetilov and informs him of Chatsky’s madness.
SCENE VII The descending guests convince Repetilov of Chatsky’s madness.
SCENE VIII Khlestova says goodbye to Molchalin, who helpfully sees her off.
SCENE IX Repetilov leaves, he doesn’t care where to go.
SCENE X Chatsky is horrified that he was mistaken for a madman: “Everyone repeats the absurdity about me out loud! // And for some it’s like a triumph, // Others seem to have compassion...” Then he sees Sophia sneaking into Molchalin’s room. Chatsky decides to stay to find out everything: “I’ll be here, and I won’t close my eyes, // At least until the morning.” If it’s time to drink grief, // It’s better right away...”
SCENE XI Lisa makes her way to Molchalin in the dark, because Sophia saw Chatsky in the hallway, and she sent her maid.
SCENE XII Molchalin rejoiced at Lisa's arrival. He opens his soul to her: “I don’t see anything // Enviable in Sofya Pavlovna. May God grant her a rich life. // My father bequeathed to me: // First, to please all people without exception - // The owner, where I happen to live, // The boss, with whom I will serve, // His servant, who cleans dresses, // The doorman, the janitor , to avoid evil, // To the janitor’s dog, so that it is affectionate.” Sophia, who observed this scene, is horrified by her lover’s treachery, because Molchalin has a whole program on how to get out into the world, guided by his father’s advice. Seeing Sophia, he humbly asks for her forgiveness. But Sophia demands that Molchalin leave the house by morning, otherwise she will reveal everything to her father.
SCENE XIII But most of all, Sophia is upset that Chatsky witnessed her shame. Alexander Andreevich is bitter because of what insignificance Sophia forgot him: “I looked, and saw, and did not believe! // And dear, for whom // Both the former friend and the shame of women are forgotten, - // He hides behind the door, afraid of being held accountable.”
SCENE XIV Famusov raises the whole house to its feet. He scolds his daughter, “forgetting to be decent,” and refuses Chatsky the house. He is horrified to learn that Sophia started a rumor about his madness: “So I still owe you this fiction?” Famusov threatens to punish everyone: the sluggish doorman - to “work... for a settlement”, Lisa “march to the hut, go after the birds”, Sophia: “To the village, to her aunt, to the wilderness, to Saratov, // There you will grieve. , // Sitting at the hoop, yawning at the calendar (list of saints - Author). Chatsky speaks about everyone with contempt and very sharply: Blind! In whom I sought the reward of all my labors! I was in a hurry... flying! I trembled, this is happiness, I thought, close, Before whom I just now so passionately and so low Was a waste of tender words! And you! Oh my God! who did you choose? When I think about who you preferred! Have you turned everything that happened into laughter?! Sophia needs a husband-boy, a husband-servant, one of his wife's pages - the High ideal of all Moscow husbands. You have glorified me as crazy by the whole choir. You are right: he will come out of the fire unharmed, whoever manages to spend a day with you will breathe the same air, and his sanity will survive. Get out of Moscow! I don't go here anymore. I’m running, I won’t look back, I’ll go looking around the world, Where there is a corner for an offended feeling!.. A carriage for me, a carriage! He's leaving.
SCENE XV After Chatsky leaves, Famusov exclaims in horror: “Ah! My God! What will Princess Marya Aleksevna say?”
“Woe from Wit” brought Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov worldwide fame. This comedy presents the morals of the Moscow nobility of the 19th century in a satirical manner. The main conflict flares up between Chatsky, a representative of the new generation of nobles, and Famusov’s society, in which it is customary to value not a person, but his rank and money. In addition, the play contains love conflict, the participants of which are three characters: Sophia, Chatsky and Molchalin. These storylines are closely intertwined and flow from one another. A summary of “Woe from Wit” by action will help you understand the problems of the play in more detail.
Main characters
Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov- manager in a state house, Sophia's father. For him, the most important thing in a person is rank. He is very concerned about the world's opinion of him. Famusov is afraid educated people and enlightenment.
Sophia– Famusov’s 17-year-old daughter. Raised by her father from the cradle, because... her mother died. A smart and brave girl who is ready to resist the opinions of society.
Alexey Molchalin- Famusov’s secretary, who lives in his house. Silent and cowardly. He, a man of humble birth, was warmed up by Famusov and gave him the rank of assessor. Sophia is in love with him.
Alexander Chatsky– grew up with Sophia. Was in love with her. Then he went to wander around the world for 3 years. Smart, eloquent. Prefers to serve the cause rather than people.
Other characters
Lizanka- the Famusovs’ maid, who helps Sophia keep her meetings with Molchalin secret.
Colonel Skalozub- a stupid, but very wealthy man. Aims to become a general. He is tipped to be Sophia's wife.
Action 1
The first act of the play “Woe from Wit” begins with a scene where Lizanka, a maid in the Famusovs’ house, wakes up in an armchair complaining that she did not sleep well. The reason is that her owner Sophia was expecting a friend, Molchalin, to visit. Lisa had to make sure that their meeting remained a secret from the rest of the household.
Lisa knocks on Sophia’s room, from where the sounds of a flute and piano are heard, and informs the young hostess that morning has come, and it’s time to say goodbye to Molchalin, so as not to be caught by her father. To speed up the process of saying goodbye to lovers, Lisa resets the clock. They start hitting.
Famusov, Sophia's father, catches Lisa doing this. During the conversation, Famusov clearly flirts with the maid. Their conversation is interrupted by the voice of Sophia, who calls Lisa. Famusov hastily leaves.
Lisa begins to reproach Sophia for her carelessness. Sophia says goodbye to Molchalin. Famusov appears at the door. He wonders why his secretary Molchalin was here so early. Molchalin claims that he was returning from a walk and just came to see Sophia. Famusov angrily scolds his daughter for catching her with a young man.
Lisa advises Sophia to be careful and beware of unkind rumors. But Sophia is not afraid of them. However, Lisa believes that Sophia and Molchalin have no future, because Famusov will not allow his daughter to marry a poor and humble man. The most profitable match for Sophia, according to her father, is Colonel Skalozub, who has both rank and money. Sophia replies that it is better to drown herself than to marry Skalozub, because he is very stupid.
In a conversation about intelligence and stupidity, Lisa recalls the former story of the youthful tender love of Sophia and Alexander Andreevich Chatsky, who was distinguished by both his cheerfulness and his extraordinary intelligence. But this is a matter of long ago. Sophia believes that this could not be considered love. They simply grew up with Chatsky. There was only childhood friendship between them.
A servant appears at the door and reports to Sophia that Chatsky has arrived.
Chatsky is delighted to meet Sophia, but is surprised by the cold reception. Sophia assures him that she is glad to meet you. Chatsky begins to remember past years. Sophia calls their relationship childish. Chatsky wonders if Sophia is in love with someone, because she is so embarrassed. But the girl says that she is embarrassed by Chatsky’s questions and looks.
In a conversation with Famusov, Chatsky admires Sophia and says that he has never met anyone like her anywhere and ever. Famusov is afraid that Chatsky might woo his daughter.
After Chatsky leaves, Famusov is left wondering which of the two young people occupies Sophia’s heart.
Act 2
In the second scene of the second act, Chatsky asks Famusov what he would answer if he wooed Sophia. The father of Chatsky’s beloved says that it wouldn’t be a bad idea to serve the state and receive a high rank. Chatsky says famous phrase: “I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening.” Then Famusov calls Chatsky a proud man and cites as an example his uncle Maxim Petrovich, who served at court and was a very rich man. And all thanks to the fact that he knew how to “curry favor.” Once, at a reception with Catherine II, he stumbled and fell. The Empress laughed. Having caused her to smile, he decided to repeat his fall twice more, but this time on purpose, thereby giving pleasure to the empress. But, thanks to his ability to turn such an incident to his advantage, he was held in high esteem. Famusov considers the ability to “serve” to be very important for achieving a high position in society.
Chatsky pronounces a monologue in which he compares the “present century” and the “past century.” He accuses Famusov’s generation of judging a person by rank and money and calls that time the age of “obedience and fear.” Chatsky would not want to be a buffoon even in front of the sovereign himself. He prefers to serve “the cause, not the persons.”
Meanwhile, Colonel Skalozub comes to visit Famusov, which makes Famusov very happy. He warns Chatsky against expressing free thoughts in front of him.
The conversation between Famusov and Skalozub concerns the colonel’s cousin, who received many advantages in his service thanks to Skalozub. However, on the eve of receiving a high rank, he suddenly left the service and went to the village, where he began to lead a measured life and read books. Skalozub speaks about this with evil mockery. This way of life is unacceptable for the “Famus society.”
Famusov admires Skalozub because he has been a colonel for a long time, although he has served only recently. Skalozub dreams of the rank of general, and he doesn’t want to earn it, but to “get it.” Famusov wonders if Skalozub is going to get married.
Chatsky enters the conversation. Famusov condemns his freethinking and unwillingness to serve. Chatsky responds with a monologue that it is not Famusov’s place to judge him. According to Chatsky, there are no role models in Famusov’s society. Representatives of the Famus generation despise freedom, their judgments are outdated. Their morals are alien to Chatsky. He will not bow his head before this society. Chatsky is outraged that everyone in the world is afraid of people who are engaged in science or art, and not in obtaining ranks. Only a uniform covers up the lack of morality and intelligence in Famus society.
Sophia comes running, frightened that Molchalin was killed by falling from his horse, and faints. While Lisa is trying to bring the girl to her senses, Chatsky sees a healthy Molchalin through the window and understands that Sophia was in vain worried about him. Sophia, waking up, asks about Molchalin. Chatsky answers coldly that everything is fine. Sophia accuses him of indifference. Chatsky finally understands who occupies Sophia’s heart, because she so carelessly betrayed her reverent attitude towards Molchalin.
Molchalin reproaches Sophia for expressing her feelings too openly. Sophia doesn't care about other people's opinions. Molchalin is afraid of rumors, he is cowardly. Lisa recommends that Sophia flirt with Chatsky in order to divert suspicion from Molchalin.
Alone with Lisa, Molchalin openly flirts with her, compliments her, and offers her gifts.
Act 3
At the beginning of the third act, Chatsky tries to find out from Sophia who is dear to her: Molchalin or Skalozub. Sophia avoids answering. Chatsky says that he is “crazy” in love with her. In the conversation, it turns out that Sophia appreciates Molchalin for his meek disposition, modesty, and quietness, but again avoids directly declaring her love for him.
In the evening, a ball is planned at the Famusovs' house. The servants quickly prepare to greet the guests.
Guests are arriving. Among them are Prince Tugoukhovsky with his wife and six daughters, Countess Khryumina, grandmother and granddaughter, Zagoretsky, a gambler, a master of serving everyone, Khlestova, Sophia’s aunt. All these are influential people in Moscow.
Molchalin goes so far as to praise the smooth coat of Khlestova’s Spitz in order to gain her favor. Chatsky noticed this and laughed at Molchalin’s helpfulness.
Sophia reflects on Chatsky's pride and anger. In a conversation with a certain Mr. N, she casually says that Chatsky is “out of his mind.”
The news of Chatsky's madness spreads among the guests. When Chatsky appears, everyone backs away from him. Famusov notices signs of madness in him.
Chatsky says that his soul is filled with grief, he feels uncomfortable among these people. He is dissatisfied with Moscow. He was outraged by the meeting in the next room with a Frenchman who, when going to Russia, was afraid that he would end up in a country of barbarians and was afraid to go. And here he was greeted with affection, he did not hear Russian speech, did not see Russian faces. It was as if he was back in his homeland. Chatsky condemns the dominance of everything foreign in Russia. He is disgusted that everyone bows to France and imitates the French. While Chatsky was finishing his speech, all the guests left him, spun in a waltz or went to the card tables.
Act 4
In the fourth act, the ball ends and the guests begin to leave.
Chatsky hurries the footman to bring the carriage faster. This day dispelled his dreams and hopes. He wonders why everyone thinks he’s crazy, who started this rumor that everyone picked up, and whether Sophia knows about it. Chatsky does not realize that it was Sophia who was the first to declare his madness.
When Sophia appears, Chatsky hides behind a column and becomes an involuntary witness to Lisa’s conversation with Molchalin. It turns out that Molchalin not only does not intend to marry Sophia, but also does not have any feelings for her. The maid Lisa is much nicer to him, he directly states this to her: “Why isn’t she you!” He pleases Sophia only because she is the daughter of Famusov, for whom he serves. Sophia accidentally overhears this conversation. Molchalin throws himself on his knees and asks for forgiveness. But Sophia pushes him away and orders him to leave the house by morning, otherwise she will tell everything to her father.
Chatsky appears. He reproaches Sophia for betraying their love for the sake of Molchalin. Sophia declares that she could not even think that Molchalin would turn out to be such a scoundrel.
Famusov comes running with a crowd of servants with candles. He did not expect to see his daughter with Chatsky, because she “she herself called him crazy.” Now Chatsky understands who started the rumor about his madness.
Famusov is indignant and scolds the servants for not looking after his daughter. Liza is sent “to the hut”, “to go after the birds,” and Sophia herself is threatened to be sent “to the village, to her aunt, to the wilderness, to Saratov.”
Chatsky pronounces his last monologue about how his hopes were not justified. He hurried to Sophia, dreaming of finding his happiness with her. Blames her for giving him false hope and not telling him directly that their childhood love means nothing to her. And he lived only with these feelings for all three years. But now he doesn't regret the breakup. There is no place for him in Famus society. He is going to leave Moscow forever.
After Chatsky’s departure, Famusov is worried about only one thing: “What will Princess Marya Aleksevna say!”
Conclusion
The comedy “Woe from Wit” has become iconic in the history of Russian culture and literature. It presents the issues that worried society after the War of 1812, and shows the split that emerged among the nobility.
A brief retelling of “Woe from Wit” allows us to imagine the breadth of themes and issues of this work and the features of its disclosure storylines. However, it does not convey the linguistic richness of comedy, which is famous for its abundance of expressions that have become “catch-word”. We recommend that you read Griboedov's "Woe from Wit" in full to enjoy the author's subtle irony and the famous lightness of the style of this play.
Comedy test
After reading the summary of Griboyedov’s work, test your knowledge with the test:
Retelling rating
Average rating: 4.6. Total ratings received: 23717.
