Presentation for a local history lesson (7th grade) on the topic: Komi - rituals. Lesson notes for the senior group: “Interior of a Komi hut
Natalia Popova
Lesson notes in senior group: “Interior of a Komi hut”
Lesson notes for the senior group« Komi hut interior»
Target - introduce children to the interior of a Komi hut.
Tasks - leading educational field– cognitive development.
Teach children to examine household objects, determine their qualities and physical properties.
Expand your horizons, develop mental operations, analysis, comparison.
Give children information about the placement of furniture, "red corner", cradles, ovens in hut interior.
Speech development.
Teach children to draw conclusions, lead children to independently search for reasons.
Encourage the use of complex sentences in speech.
Encourage people to talk about personal experiences.
Artistic and aesthetic development.
Formation interest to oral folk art.
Learn independently, make a pattern from elements Komi ornament.
Fix the names of elements Komi ornament.
Progress of the lesson:
Guys, guess the riddle, after guessing the riddle you will find out the topic of our classes.
My relatives live there.
I can't live a day without her
I strive for it always and everywhere
I won’t forget the way to him
I can hardly breathe without him
My shelter, dear one, is warm (house.)
What are we going to talk about today? About the house. Tell me, why does a person need a house? IN old times the house saved a person from wild animals; in the house you can hide from bad weather and cold, and warm yourself by the fire. We come home to rest, gain strength, our family is waiting for us at home.
How in in the old days they called home? Izba
How about Komi will be a hut? Kerka
What are modern houses called? Houses, cottages
let's consider Komi hut. (Slide No. 2) What were houses used to be built from? That's right, made of wood. What kind of wood? From pine. Housing Komi It was a rectangular building made of pine logs. The residential part consisted of two huts (summer and winter, which were connected by an entrance hall. Both huts were located under one roof.
There were no partitions or separate rooms in the hut. There is a room, a hallway, and a kitchen. (slide No. 3)
What do you think was the most important thing in the hut?
-Mystery: “He sleeps in the summer, he burns in the winter, his mouth opens, whatever he gives, he swallows.”? Bake.
That's right, it's a stove. (slide No. 4). The stove is the heart of the house. Why do you think they say this? What was the stove for? The stove fed the family, warmed the house, children slept on it and old men, dried clothes and even washed. How about Komi will bake? Pach.
Let's look at the stove. (slide No. 5). IN old times the stove was located in the corner near the wall with the front door. She occupied most in the house. The space near the stove was called "woman's place". Why do you think it was called that? In this place the hostess cooked food, baked bread, sewed, and spun.
What do you think the housewife could cook in the stove? Cabbage soup, porridge, baked bread
Each house had a red corner. (slide No. 6) It was always located diagonally from the stove. It's always on fire here "heavenly fire"-lamp. It was the most honorable place in the house. This is where the dearest guest was seated; this is where father and son talked. There was also a large table in the house, at which the whole family sat, chairs, benches, a bed, and a cradle. Along the walls, at human height, there were shelves on which dishes were placed. (Slide No. 7)
Each house had a canopy. Where various household tools were stored. (scissors, scrapers, sieve, various tools, chest, etc.) (slide No. 8)
And also Komi people loved to decorate their homes. And he decorated the products with elements Komi ornament. Do you know the elements Komi ornament? Let's play a game “Find out and name the element Komi ornament» .
Well done. You know many elements. Well, now, let us decorate with an ornament an object that no housewife could do without. What do you think this is? That's right, it's cast iron. Why did the owner need it? They cooked porridge and cabbage soup in it.
Finger gymnastics. "My family"
Productive activity. Cast iron decoration Komi ornament. (Sounds Komi melody)
What a great fellow you are. How beautifully you did it. Now tell me what we are talking about today met? What new have you learned? Thank you guys for your work.
Publications on the topic:
We all know that children love fairy tales. What if you give them this fairy tale? So we (group teachers and parents) decided to give it to our children.
Synopsis of OOD in the preparatory group “Our Northern Komi Region” Abstract of OOD in preparatory group on the topic “Our northern Komi region” Goal: systematization and generalization of knowledge about the cities of the Komi Republic.
Municipal budget preschool educational institution №126 – kindergarten general developmental type Notes of the educational activity "Cognition" of the teacher.
Summary of an open lesson in the preparatory school group “The Wealth of the Komi Region” Abstract open class for pre-school groups. "The wealth of the Komi region." Goal: to introduce children to the diversity of animals.
Compiled by: teacher of MADOU No. 51 of Syktyvkar “ gold fish» Torlopova Tatyana Andreevna. Age group: preparatory. Target:.
Summary of GCD in the preparatory group “Life of a Russian hut” TASKS AND GOALS: - Continue to introduce children to the traditions of the Russian people. - Continue to introduce children to the hut - the home of a peasant family.
Komi Sikt... its history goes back centuries. It began with several huts somewhere in a clearing reclaimed from the forest, or on the bank of a river.
The construction of a residential building, turned today into a simple technical act, was completed for our ancestors deepest meaning. In ancient times, each person built housing for himself and his family himself - if necessary, he called relatives, neighbors, and friends for help.
Our ancestors settled in wooded areas, along the banks of rivers and lakes. Komi wooden construction is a construction created by the labor and genius of the craftsmen.
Since ancient times, the Komi people have understood and realized the amazing properties of wood and used it everywhere both for housing construction and for manufacturing various items everyday life The tree gives special feeling life, acting as a conductor between man and nature. Being a conductor of Cosmic energies, trees have a beneficial effect on a person’s aura, and, accordingly, on his health. It is the tree that has long been a symbol of Life, its birth and continuation.
In this work we will explore how the culture of building a Komi hut works, in particular in the village of Nizhny Voch.
Object of study is the building tradition of the Verkhnevychegda Komi village of Nizhny Voch, located along the upper Vychegda and Keltma on the Voch River.
Subject of study- Komi Izba as one of the most significant manifestations of artistic and construction culture, a culture ancient, skillful and vibrant.
Target research work: describe the traditions of building a Komi hut, find out how much they have been preserved today in the village of Nizhny Voch.
Tasks:
1. Study the theoretical basis for the construction of a Komi hut.
2. Explore theoretical basis from the history of ethnography of Komi culture.
3. Determine the main stages of building a house.
4. Study the features of the construction of a hut in the village of Nizhny Voch by collecting information and photographic documents.
5. Show the place and role of traditions and customs for building a house in modern society.
Relevance:
Wooden construction is one of the most significant manifestations of the artistic and construction culture of the Komi people, an ancient, skillful and vibrant culture.
The chosen topic is considered relevant, as it is a valuable source for studying the characteristics of the lifestyle of the Komi people, their ideology and mentality.
Currently, the construction of the Komi people, which is most interesting source for historical, sociological, linguistic research, little studied.
Hypothesis
Studying the construction culture will help you get acquainted with the picture of the world of the Komi people, since they reflect time and man, his social status and the spiritual world.
The culture of building a hut in a rural community is a kind of meaningful business card village, its resident, which plays a distinctive role, emphasizes exclusivity, singularity, uniqueness.
Research methods:
Theoretical (study of the scientific basis; processing of received documents; deciphering the material);
Practical (personal observations; conversation, interviews with informants).
As part of the study, 7 informants (ages from 41 to 73 years) were interviewed and notes were made regarding architectural and construction traditions.
The goals and objectives of the work determined its structure: the work consists of an introduction, main part, conclusion, list of references, and appendices.
In the introduction the relevance of the research is substantiated, the purpose and objectives of the work are formulated, the hypothesis and work methods are indicated.
Main part consists of 3 sections: 1. From the history of ethnographic study of Komi culture. 2. Traditions of building a Komi hut. 3. Preserved traditions of building a house in the village of Nizhny Voch.
In custody The results of the research work are summarized.
In the list of used literature publications and sources used by the author are indicated.
Applications include a list of informants, photographic documents.
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Slide captions:
Komi - rituals. Lesson on the history of the Komi region, grade 7. Author Nina Pavlinovna Strakhova, history teacher, Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 20 with UIOP”, Ukhta RK
Lesson plan: 1. Housing. 2.Utensils.
Introduction Any national culture, having centuries-old history, manifests and carries within itself unique, inherent specifically this ethnic group components, starting with the arrangement of life and everyday life, housing construction and ending with the traditions of folk applied and oral and poetic creativity. The decorative and applied arts of the Komi people were colorful and varied. The Komi knew metal processing, jewelry making, leather processing, embossing and decorating it with metal plates, various types of weaving from leather, birch bark, root, straw, wood carving, inlaying wood with metal and straw. Creative powers Komi people embodied in various genres oral poetic and song creativity, music, visual arts.
dwelling The word “izba” (as well as its synonyms “yzba”, “istba”, “izba”, “istoka”, “istopka”) has been used in Russian chronicles since ancient times. The connection of this term with the verbs “to drown”, “to heat” is obvious. In fact, it always designates a heated structure (as opposed to, for example, a cage).
housing The construction of a house for a peasant was significant event. At the same time, it was important for him not only to solve a purely practical problem - to provide a roof over his head for himself and his family, but also to organize the living space so that it was filled with the blessings of life, warmth, love and peace. Such a dwelling could be built, according to the peasants, only by following the traditions of their ancestors; deviations from the behests of their fathers could be minimal.
When building a new house great importance was given to the choice of location: the place should be dry, high, bright - and at the same time its ritual value was taken into account: it should be happy. A lived-in place was considered happy, that is, a place that had stood the test of time, a place where people lived in complete prosperity. Unsuitable for construction was the place where people were previously buried and where there used to be a road or a bathhouse.
housing Special requirements were also imposed on building material. They preferred to cut huts from pine, spruce, and larch. These trees with long, even trunks fit well into the frame, tightly adjacent to each other, retained internal heat well, and did not rot for a long time. However, the choice of trees in the forest was regulated by many rules, violation of which could lead to the transformation of the built house from a house for people into a house against people, bringing misfortune. Thus, it was forbidden to take “sacred” trees for felling - they could bring death into the house. The ban applied to all old trees. According to legend, they must die a natural death in the forest. It was impossible to use dry trees that were considered dead - they would cause dryness in the household. A great misfortune will happen if a “lush” tree gets into the log house, that is, a tree that grew at a crossroads or on the site of former forest roads. Such a tree can destroy the frame and crush the owners of the house.
home The construction of a house was accompanied by many rituals. The beginning of construction was marked by the ritual of sacrificing a chicken and a ram. It was carried out during the laying of the first crown of the hut. Money, wool, grain - symbols of wealth and family warmth, incense - a symbol of the holiness of the house were placed under the logs of the first crown, the window cushion, and the matitsa. The completion of construction was celebrated with a rich treat for all those involved in the work.
dwelling Roof structure diagram: 1 - gutter, 2 - ohlupen, 3 - stamik, 4 - slega, 5 - flint, 6 - princely slega ("knes"), 7 - general slega, 8 - male, 9 - fell, 10 - prichelina, 11 - chicken, 12 - pass, 13 - bull, 14 - oppression.
Dwelling In peasant houses there were, as a rule, one or two, less often three, living spaces connected by a vestibule. The most typical house for Russia was a house consisting of a warm room heated by a stove and a vestibule. They were used for household needs and as a kind of vestibule between the cold of the street and the warmth of the hut.
dwelling In the houses of wealthy peasants, in addition to the room of the hut itself, heated by a Russian stove, there was another, summer, ceremonial room - the upper room, which in large families was also used in Everyday life. In this case, the room was heated with a Dutch oven. The interior of the hut was distinguished by its simplicity and expedient placement of the objects included in it. The main space of the hut was occupied by the oven, which in most of Russia was located at the entrance, to the right or left of the door.
dwelling Only in the southern, central black earth zone European Russia the stove was in the corner farthest from the entrance. The table always stood in the corner, diagonally from the stove. Above it was a shrine with icons. There were fixed benches along the walls, and above them were shelves cut into the walls. In the back part of the hut, from the stove to the side wall under the ceiling, there was a wooden flooring - a floor. In the southern Russian regions, behind the side wall of the stove there could be a wooden flooring for sleeping - a floor, a platform. This whole immovable environment of the hut was built along with the house and was called a mansion outfit
home stove played main role in the internal space of the Russian home throughout all stages of its existence. It’s not for nothing that the room where the Russian stove stood was called “a hut, a heater.” The Russian stove is a type of oven in which the fire is lit inside the stove, and not on an open area at the top. The smoke exits through the mouth - the hole into which the fuel is placed, or through a specially designed chimney. The Russian stove in a peasant hut had the shape of a cube: its usual length is 1.8-2 m, width 1.6-1.8 m, height 1.7 m.
The stove was the second most important “center of holiness” in the house - after the red, God's corner - and maybe even the first. The location of the stove in the hut was strictly regulated. In most of European Russia and Siberia, the stove was located near the entrance, to the right or left of the door. Depending on the area, the mouth of the stove could be turned towards the front facade wall of the house or towards the side. In the southern Russian provinces, the stove was usually located in the far right or left corner of the hut with the mouth facing the side wall or front door. There are many ideas, beliefs, rituals, and magical techniques associated with the stove. In the traditional mind, the stove was an integral part of the home; if a house did not have a stove, it was considered uninhabited.
The stove corner dwelling was considered a dirty place, in contrast to the rest of the clean space of the hut. Therefore, the peasants always sought to separate it from the rest of the room with a curtain made of variegated chintz, colored homespun, or a wooden partition. The corner of the stove, covered by a board partition, formed a small room called a “closet” or “prilub.” It was an exclusively female space in the hut: here women prepared food and rested after work. During holidays, when many guests came to the house, a second table was placed near the stove for women, where they feasted separately from the men who sat at the table in the red corner. Men could not even visit their own families unless absolutely necessary. the female half. The appearance of a stranger there was considered completely unacceptable.
The traditional stationary furnishings of the home lasted the longest around the stove in the women's corner.
the red corner, like the stove, was an important landmark in the interior space of the hut. In most of European Russia, in the Urals, and Siberia, the red corner was the space between the side and front walls in the depths of the hut, limited by the corner located diagonally from the stove.
All significant events family life marked in the red corner. Here at the table both everyday meals and festive feasts, many actions took place calendar rituals. IN wedding ceremony the matchmaking of the bride, her ransom from her girlfriends and brother took place in the red corner; from the red corner of her father's house they took her to the church for the wedding, brought her to the groom's house and took her to the red corner too. During harvesting, the first and last ones were installed in the red corner. Preservation of the first and last ears of the harvest, endowed with folk legends, magical power, promised well-being for the family, home, and entire household. In the red corner, daily prayers were performed, from which any important undertaking began. It is the most honorable place in the house. According to traditional etiquette, a person who came to a hut could only go there at the special invitation of the owners. They tried to keep the red corner clean and elegantly decorated. The name “red” itself means “beautiful”, “good”, “light”. It was cleaned with embroidered towels, popular prints, postcards. The most beautiful household utensils were placed on the shelves near the red corner, the most valuable papers and objects were stored. Everywhere among Russians, when laying the foundation of a house, it was a common custom to place money under the lower crown in all corners, and a larger coin was placed under the red corner.
Red corner Bozhnik
home Each family member knew his place at the table. The owner of the house sat under the icons during a family meal. His eldest son was located at right hand from the father, the second son is on the left, the third is next to his older brother. Children under marriageable age were seated on a bench running from the front corner along the facade. Women ate while sitting on side benches or stools. It was not supposed to violate the established order in the house unless absolutely necessary. The person who violated them could be severely punished
home B weekdays the hut looked quite modest. There was nothing superfluous in it: the table stood without a tablecloth, the walls without decorations. Everyday utensils were placed in the stove corner and on the shelves.
Red Bench Bench Table
home On a holiday, the hut was transformed: the table was moved to the middle, covered with a tablecloth, and festive utensils, previously stored in cages, were put on shelves. The interior of the upper room differed from the interior of the hut by the presence of a Dutch stove instead of a Russian stove or the absence of a stove altogether. The rest of the mansion outfit, with the exception of the beds and sleeping platform, repeated the fixed outfit of the hut. The peculiarity of the upper room was that it was always ready to receive guests.
dwelling Short bench - a bench running along the front wall of the house facing the street. During family meals, men sat on it.
home Long shop - a shop that differed from others in its length. Depending on the local tradition distribution of objects in the space of the house, a long bench could have a different place in the hut. In the northern and central Russian provinces, in the Volga region, it stretched from the conic to the red corner, along the side wall of the house. In the southern Great Russian provinces it ran from the red corner along the wall of the facade. From the point of view of the spatial division of the house, a long bench, like a stove corner, was traditionally considered women's place, where at the relevant time they were engaged in one or another women's work, such as spinning, knitting, embroidering, sewing. The dead were placed on a long bench, always located along the floorboards. Therefore, in some provinces of Russia, matchmakers never sat on this bench. Otherwise, their business could go wrong.
Dwelling In the old days, a bed was a bench or bench attached to the wall, to which another bench was attached. On these lavas they laid a bed, which consisted of three parts: a down jacket or feather bed, a headboard and pillows. A headboard or headrest is a support under the head on which a pillow was placed. It is a wooden sloping plane on blocks; at the back there could be a solid or lattice back, at the corners - carved or turned columns. There were two headboards - the lower one was called paper and was placed under the upper one, and a pillow was placed on the upper one. The bed was covered with a sheet made of linen or silk, and the top was covered with a blanket that went under the pillow. Beds were made more elegantly on holidays or at weddings, and more simply on ordinary days. In general, however, beds belonged only to rich people, and even those had their decorations more for show, and the owners themselves were more willing to sleep on simple animal skins. For people of means, felt was the usual bed, and poor villagers slept on stoves, putting their own clothes under their heads, or on bare benches.
utensils The dishes were placed in stands: these were pillars with numerous shelves between them. On the lower, wider shelves, massive dishes were stored; on the upper, narrower shelves, small dishes were placed.
utensils A utensil was used to store separately used utensils: a wooden shelf or an open shelf cabinet. The vessel could have the shape of a closed frame or be open at the top, often its side walls decorated with carvings or had figured shapes (for example, oval). Above one or two shelves of the dishware, a rail could be nailed on the outside to stabilize the dishes and to place the plates on edge. As a rule, the dishware was located above the ship's bench, at hand at the hostess. It has long been a necessary detail in the immovable decoration of the hut. Dishes
Bratiny Dishes Bodni Tanks
Bodnya utensils, an item of household utensils, were a wooden container for storing clothes and small household items. In the Russian village, two types of bodny were known. The first type was a long hollowed-out wooden log, the side walls of which were made of solid boards. A hole with a lid on leather hinges was located at the top of the deck. Bodnya of the second type is a dugout or cooper's tub with a lid, 60-100 cm high, bottom diameter 54-80 cm. Bodnya were usually locked and stored in cages. From the second half of the 19th century V. began to be replaced by chests. Brothers
Utensils-spoons The only utensils for eating, until forks appeared, were spoons. They were mostly wooden. Spoons were decorated with paintings or carvings. Various signs associated with spoons were observed. It was impossible to place the spoon so that it rested with its handle on the table and the other end on the plate, since the spoon, like a bridge, could penetrate into the bowl. devilry. It was not allowed to knock spoons on the table, as this would make “the evil one rejoice” and “the evil ones would come to dinner” (creatures personifying poverty and misfortune). It was considered a sin to remove spoons from the table on the eve of the fasts prescribed by the church, so the spoons remained on the table until the morning. You cannot put an extra spoon, otherwise there will be an extra mouth or evil spirits will sit at the table. As a gift, you had to bring a spoon for a housewarming, along with a loaf of bread, salt and money. The spoon was widely used in ritual actions.
Utensils-tubes To store bulky household supplies in cages, barrels, tubs, and baskets of various sizes and volumes were used. In the old days, barrels were the most common container for both liquids and bulk solids, for example: grain, flour, flax, fish, dried meat, horse meat and various small goods.
utensils To prepare pickles, pickles, soaks, kvass, water for future use, and to store flour and cereals, tubs were used. As a rule, the tubs were made by coopers, i.e. were made from wooden planks - rivets, fastened with hoops. they were made in the shape of a truncated cone or cylinder. they could have three legs, which were a continuation of the rivets. Necessary accessory The tubs had a circle and a lid. The food placed in the tub was pressed in a circle, and oppression was placed on top. This was done so that the pickles and pickles were always in the brine and did not float to the surface. The lid protected food from dust. The mug and lid had small handles.
Lukoshko utensils A Lukoshka was an open cylindrical container made of bast, with a flat bottom, made of wooden planks or bark. It was done with or without a spoon handle. The size of the basket was determined by its purpose and was called accordingly: “nabirika”, “bridge”, “buttock”, “mycelium”, etc. If the basket was intended for storing bulk products, it was closed with a flat lid placed on top.
utensils For many centuries, the main kitchen vessel in Rus' was a pot - a cooking utensil in the form of a clay vessel with a wide open top, a low rim, and a round body, smoothly tapering to the bottom. Pots could be different sizes: from a small pot for 200-300 g of porridge to a huge pot that could hold up to 2-3 buckets of water. The shape of the pot did not change throughout its existence and was well suited for cooking in a Russian oven. They were rarely ornamented; they were decorated with narrow concentric circles or a chain of shallow dimples and triangles pressed around the rim or on the shoulders of the vessel. In the peasant house there were about a dozen or more pots of different sizes. They treasured the pots and tried to handle them carefully. If it cracked, it was braided with birch bark and used for storing food.
pots
pot A pot is a household, utilitarian item, in ritual life Russian people acquired additional ritual functions. Scientists believe that this is one of the most ritualized household utensils. In popular beliefs, a pot was conceptualized as a living anthropomorphic creature that had a throat, a handle, a spout, and a shard. Pots are usually divided into pots that carry a feminine essence, and pots with a masculine essence embedded in them. Thus, in the southern provinces of European Russia, the housewife, when buying a pot, tried to determine its gender: whether it was a pot or a potter. It was believed that food cooked in a pot would be more tasty than in a pot.
pot The pot was also used as an attribute of some ritual actions at weddings. So, according to custom, the “wedding party”, led by groomsmen and matchmakers, came in the morning to beat pots to the room where the wedding was taking place. the wedding night young, before they come out yet. Breaking pots was perceived as demonstrating a turning point in the fate of a girl and a guy who became a woman and a man.
Utensils: A poker, a grip, a frying pan, a bread shovel, a broom - these are items associated with the hearth and oven.
utensils A poker is a short, thick iron rod with a curved end, which was used to stir coals in the stove and rake out the heat. Pots and cast iron pots were moved in the oven with the help of a grip; they could also be removed or installed in the oven. It consists of a metal bow mounted on a long wooden handle. Before planting the bread in the oven, coal and ash were cleared from under the oven by sweeping it with a broom. A broomstick is a long wooden handle, to the end of which pine, juniper branches, straw, a washcloth or a rag were tied. Using a bread shovel, they put bread and pies into the oven, and also took them out of there. All these utensils participated in one or another ritual actions.
utensils Thus, the hut, with its special, well-organized space, fixed attire, movable furniture, decoration and utensils, was a single whole, constituting the whole world for the peasant.
Homework: 1.Create a crossword puzzle, test or quiz on the topic studied. 2. Answer the question: what is a hut called in Komi?
KOMI PEASANT HUT
.
2011.
Goal of the work: 1. Introduce 6th grade students to the interior peasant hut 2. Collect information about the museum object of the village of Ust-Vym “Peasant Hut” Result of the work: Create model of a Komi peasant hut
This hut was built in 1911 year . Previously, the hut was located in the center of the village, next to the building high school, and in winter 1984 was moved to the museum area because Ust-Vym in the summer of 1985 was preparing to receive a delegation from the Finnish Congress Ugric peoples
Loom - Krosna
In a low room with a casement window The lamp glows in the twilight of the night: The weak light will completely freeze, It will shower the walls with trembling light. The new light is neatly tidied up: The window curtain turns white in the darkness; The floor is planed smooth; the ceiling is level; The stove collapsed into a corner. On the walls there are installations with grandfather’s goods, A narrow bench covered with a carpet, Painted hoop with an extendable chair And the bed is carved with a colored canopy. L. May
"Red Corner" The red corner was the personification of dawn
- Cradle - “shaky” (potan). Installed in the women's half of the room, covered with a curtain from “evil spirits”.
- Sharp objects are placed in the cradle as a talisman against the evil eye.
Bibliography: 1. Yukhnin V. Novel "The Scarlet Ribbon" 2. Text of the excursion on the topic “Komi peasant hut”. 3. Mei L. In a low light...
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Text content of presentation slides: Traditional house Komi-Zyryan, beginning XX century.Village of Verkhozerye, Udora district of the Komi Republic. 1990 http://pics.livejournal.com/varandej/pic/0010151d The most important thing in a hut is the stove. It gave people warmth, they cooked food in the stove. And they dried mushrooms and berries over it for the winter. The space near the stove was called “woman’s place.” The “Red Corner” was always located diagonally from the stove. The “heavenly” fire - the lamp - was always burning here. This is the most honorable place in the house. The dear guest was seated here, father and son talked here. http://altertravel.ru/professor/march_01_2008/photo_06.jpg http://www.evarussia.ru/upload/produkt/282/282_1.jpg Various household tools were stored in the canopy (sheep shearing scissors and scrapers for sanding logs, carding, sieve, ratchet). All items belong to village residents and are collected in folk museum during 2005-2006. April 2006. Ust Vym. Interior of the winter half. Kitchenware. April 2006, Ust-Vym http://www.finugor.ru/files/images/IMG_1084.preview.jpg Winter half. All furniture self made craftsmen of the village of Ust-Vym. In the next room you can see a weaving mill, on which, in addition to woven fabrics, rugs were also made. 2006, Ust-Vym. http://finugor.ru/files/images/IMG_1088.preview.jpg http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/tadishheva/view/1392/?page=0 http://s41.radikal.ru/i094 /0811/6e/2dba258017a0.jpg http://www.altertravel.ru/images/367/2.jpg There are no partitions or separate rooms in the hut. Here is the kitchen, and the front red corner, and the hallway - the sub-porozhye. The height of the log ceiling is amazing (height from the floor 3.3 m). Probably, the hut used to be a smokehouse, that is, it was heated “in the black.” Later a white adobe stove was installed. It occupies almost a quarter of the volume of the hut. The area of the hut is small, about 25 m2. However, she lived here big family- more than ten people, and everyone had their own place during work, lunch, sleep... Komi-Permyak hut "kerku" http://www.heritage.perm.ru/hohlovka/hohlov29.htm# An interior has been created in the hut peasant hut: a table covered with a tablecloth, on it there is a dugout cup, a saltbox - a duck, spoons. Nearby there is a ripple on a birch pole. There is also a light, multi-colored belts, sashes. Great place Kitchen utensils occupy the shelves and benches. http://www.heritage.perm.ru/hohlovka/hohlov27.htm# http://www.heritage.perm.ru/hohlovka/hohlov30.htm# http://www.heritage.perm.ru/hohlovka/ hohlov31.htm# The main occupations of the Komi were agriculture and animal husbandry http://www.finnougoria.ru/upload/interier%20komi%20izby1.JPG Where to start drawing a Komi hut? Determine what you will depict: the female half, the red corner, the male half, the stove... Think over the layout of the drawing. Determine where in the drawing the image of the floor, ceiling, walls will be.
