How to draw Japanese houses. Japanese food

Japanese painting is one of the oldest movements in art. Painting in Japan appeared in the most ancient period of the country's history. On pottery and other household items you can find the simplest images of geometric shapes and various patterns. However, with the advent of Chinese culture in the country, the works of Japanese artists increasingly began to contain elements of painting from the country of Confucius.

One of the most impressive and colorful areas of Japanese painting is landscape. Japanese artists did not attach much importance to the realism of the composition. The main thing for them was the transfer of impressions from what they contemplated the greatness of nature.

How to draw a picture in Japanese style?

The Japanese landscape can be depicted with ordinary watercolors. To paint, you need to use more water, and to draw individual details, add more paint.

In order to get started, you will need cardboard or watercolor paper, a pencil, an eraser, pastel crayons and, of course, watercolors.

Start with a pencil sketch. For this draw the outlines future painting on a sheet using a simple pencil. Make sure that the lines are very soft and barely noticeable. You need to press the pencil very lightly. After all, according to Japanese tradition, the design should be very light and almost weightless. Under no circumstances draw in details with a pencil - this is the job of a thin brush.
Draw distant mountains, pagodas, ponds in the background, and build several traditional Japanese bridges.
When outlining the silhouettes of people, do not forget to take into account the features of their clothing and posture.
It has already become common for paintings in the Japanese spirit to have the main symbol of this country on them. - cherry blossoms. You, too, can depict this amazingly beautiful cherry tree with petals flying in the wind in your work.

After drawing a pencil sketch start coloring paintings. remember, that colors should be weightless, airy. To do this, you need to choose the right ratio of water and paint. It is necessary to take into account the ability of cardboard to absorb water, and watercolors to cause drips.
To color the background (such as the sky and water), use thick brushes. Start this process with the large details at the top of the painting and work your way down until you have painted all the water, greenery and sky details in the painting. Then leave the drawing until completely dry.

Now You can move on to the details. Take a thin brush and start drawing the crowns and trunks of trees, roofs of houses, snowy mountain peaks. Don't try to draw every detail, right down to the leaves and petals. Your task is to set the direction of the buds and branches with a few brush strokes. To obtain the required shades, mix watercolors on a palette. You should avoid too obvious, bright shades.
Place in one of the corners of the picture Japanese characters. On the Internet you can find many Japanese poems (Haiku) that suit you and your mood. These symbols are not as easy to draw as they seem at first glance, so it is better to practice drawing them. To give the letters a slight patina of age and some dustiness, use black paint mixed with blue or brown.

Using pastel crayons, create shadows. They should be located on mountain slopes and water surfaces. The main thing is not to overdo it. There shouldn't be too many of them.

Japanese style simple painting

If you don’t have a lot of time, and you don’t have any desire to paint vast landscapes, but would like to decorate the interior with a Japanese “trick,” then you can use the following technique. Paint a tree branch with thick black paint. Then pour some soft pink paint into a disposable plate. Dip the bottom of a plastic bottle into paint and make prints on paper. Wait for the drawing to dry. This way you will get a wonderful sakura branch without any effort on your own.

Today, Japanese themes in the interior are very relevant. These include paintings, wall decor, and

First of all, we draw the main lines. Most of them are straight, not enough are curved. Draw the contours of the base.

Now let’s add more detail to the drawing, lengthening the roof and bases.

Now you need to draw racks on the sides of the house and in the central corridor. Next, all that remains is to erase the unnecessary lines and simply decorate the drawing. We'll get something like this:

Japanese houses are very interesting in design, varied and unlike other houses.

But like other houses, they are characterized by clear lines in a pencil drawing. Their roofs have a peculiar shape - they have rounded ends.

For drawing you can use the following diagrams and samples:

You can draw these kind of unique houses.

The exclusivity of Japanese houses is in the roofs and windows. The roofs on the corners are raised up, and if it is multi-story, then each level on the corner looks up.

There are about 9 options for Japanese houses

Yes, pay attention to the windows, there are quite a lot of them, sometimes they take up the entire wall.

First, you should look at some photographs of Japanese houses on the Internet in order to get a little feel for their culture, architectural features, and unusual design. Also, most often near your home you can find sakura, which is also revered in Japan.

Architectural structures in Japan are quite unique and interesting. Let's look at how you can draw Japanese houses.

1) Here is the first option, in my opinion an excellent view that will convey the atmosphere of the country:

2) Here’s another good option; using this sketch to draw a Japanese house is not at all difficult:

3) And one more option:

Each country has its own culture and traditions. The associations that arise with Japanese housing are a house with a curved roof, which is a symbol of a samurai. The roof is directed towards the sun.

However, there are even more unusual houses in Japan.

For example, a Japanese colorful house.

Japanese mountain house.

Japanese forest house

And they can even build houses on trees.

Therefore, we choose the type of building we like or a traditional house and first draw the building itself along straight lines, and then add elements to it.

Don't forget that the Japanese love to decorate their homes with hieroglyphs, drawings of dragons, etc.

Take a sheet of paper. We designate the horizon line.

We roughly sketch out the frame of the house (it would be nice to have a couple of photographs of Japanese houses on hand)))

The Japanese house looks good in the landscape, let’s add something similar schematically.

Let's work on the details a little.

It's time to solve color issues. First, using large strokes, we create a color scheme.

To draw a beautiful Japanese house, first of all you need to have a sample image on hand. When I was lucky enough to visit Japan, I learned that the houses there are also different, both light, graceful buildings and massive stone giants. There are also small houses made of bamboo and larger ones made of stone.

The roof of a Japanese house is a symbol of the head and helmet of the samurai, and the house itself must be decorated with hieroglyphs, sun symbols or dragons.

To make the drawing more authentic, you can draw a landscape of Japanese nature. These are high mountains with snowy peaks, Japanese cherry sakura, decoratively trimmed trees, rivers, a huge red rising sun.

Japanese houses are very beautiful and unusual for Europeans. They look very impressive and slightly warlike. Most often they have one floor and slightly rounded edges on the roof. You can depict them like this:

Hello, dear readers – seekers of knowledge and truth!

Japan is like a completely different world for Europeans. The life and way of life of the Japanese is so unusual for us that we, of course, are interested in getting to know this country better and learning about its traditions and culture. And today we will lift the veil of secrecy and take a look into a Japanese house.

We invite you to learn about how traditional Japanese housing is arranged inside and outside, what unusual pieces of furniture and household items are called, and compare how people lived in ancient times and in modern times.

Homes in the past

Types of dwellings

Traditional Japanese houses are called minka, which means "people's housing." They were inhabited by ordinary people who did not belong to the noble strata of the population and samurai.

As a rule, the residents of these houses were engaged in crafts, fishing, agriculture, and trading. Minkas, similar to the ancient ones, are now preserved only in rural areas.

Depending on the type of occupation, varieties of mink were distinguished:

matiya - for city dwellers;
noka - for villagers, farmers, peasants;
gyoka – for fishermen;
gassho-zukuri - for mountain dwellers in distant settlements.

Machiya - home in Japan

The latter are of particular interest and historical value. This was the name of the dwellings in the mountainous areas of the island of Honshu. The owners of gassho-zukuri were engaged in sericulture, so they needed a spacious ground floor for drying products, and an attic for the production process.

Gassho-zukuriin the villageGokayama and Shirakawa are included in the UNESCO Heritage List.

Appearance

To build the mink, inexpensive materials were used that could easily be found. The frame was made of solid wood, beams, the facade was made of wood, clay, bamboo with the use of grass and straw elements.

Particular attention was paid to the roof. Since there were no chimneys, unique high roof structures with several slopes and canopies were erected, which did not allow moisture in the form of snow and rainwater to linger. The roof of the matiya was tiled, tiled, and the roof was thatched.

Even the most modest families tried to surround themselves with a picturesque garden with green vegetation, decorative elements in the form of small ponds and bridges. Often there were separate utility rooms here. The house had a veranda - engawa, as well as a main entrance - odo.

Interior decoration

Minka starts from the hallway - genkan. This is where shoes are removed before going inside.

A typical house is divided into two parts: with a floor covered with earth, and with high niches raised by 50 centimeters with supports made of takayuka wood. The Japanese spend almost all their time on the floor: resting, talking, eating, sleeping.

Mushiro and tatami made from high-quality bamboo are laid on the floor. They, despite their simplicity, are very beautiful , comfortable and practical.

Since ancient times, the Japanese measure of area was not only square meters, but also tatami, the dimensions of which were 90 by 180 centimeters.

There are no separated rooms as such, because the space does not use load-bearing walls. Their role is played by movable fusuma partitions and shoji sliding doors.

The space enclosed by such screens becomes a room - washitsu. When guests are expected, the partitions are simply removed, creating one large living room.

What strikes the eye in a Japanese home is amazing order. This is partly the merit of neat, economical Japanese women, and partly of minimalism in the internal structure. There is little furniture here, half of which, such as cabinets and storage compartments, is built-in. The Japanese decor is also quite modest and is represented by paintings, ikebana, calligraphic elements and a kamidan niche like an altar.

The main piece of furniture is the kotatsu. This is a table with a table top, around which there is a blanket or a special mattress - a futon. Looking at the kotatsu from the inside will help you see a fireplace underneath it, which helps keep you warm.

The kitchen, bathroom and toilet are separated from the common area. The bathroom in the minka was always separate. The Japanese ofuro bath is also famous, where often all family members could wash in the same water, after first rinsing in a special room.

Home now

Changes

Modern realities dictate their conditions, technology does not stand still, new materials are appearing to replace old ones, and this, of course, is reflected in architecture.

Several trends can be traced that have changed the appearance of traditional houses:

One-story buildings are being replaced by houses with 2-3 floors.
The size of the home is influenced by the size of the family - parents try to ensure that each child has a separate corner.
Due to the hot and humid climate, houses are made more open and breathable.
In some regions prone to earthquakes and tsunamis, houses are built on stilts.
Only frame construction made of wood and reinforced concrete is allowed.
The imagination of architects develops along with technology, so more and more futurist-style buildings with non-standard geometry and layout appear.
Domed houses are gaining popularity - made of high-tech polystyrene foam in the shape of a hemisphere; their properties are in no way inferior to conventional buildings.
In a modern interior, traditional tatami is beginning to coexist with classic Western sofas, sofas, and couches.

Dome houses in Japan

Modern noka

In rural areas, changes in the external and internal decoration of houses are not as obvious as in the city. Here the dwellings remain quite traditional, with thatched roofs and bamboo outer walls still present.

The average area of a village house is 110-130 sq.m. There is a living room and 4-5 bedrooms here. The kitchen and dining room with a kamado fireplace for cooking are, as usual, located separately on the terrace.

City houses

Today, in cities, brick, iron, concrete, and bitumen materials are most often used for buildings. Within the city or in its immediate vicinity there is not as much free land as in the villages, so the courtyards are narrow and elongated.

Such tightness in space also affects the size of buildings - they rarely exceed 80 sq.m. There are bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen, and even a retail space or workshop if the owners need them. An attic is built under the roof to provide storage space.

Apartments

The Japanese, in pursuit of a good life, a prestigious profession, and consistently high earnings, are flocking to large cities, in particular Tokyo. The high population density and relatively small area make it necessary to build high-rise residential buildings with small apartments.

The average area of such an apartment is 10 sq.m., which in itself forces you to show ingenuity and miracles of logistics.

One room accommodates:

hallway;
fenced combined bathroom;
bedroom;
kitchen area;
built-in storage solutions;
balcony for drying clothes.

Richer people can afford an apartment of 70 sq.m., which is spacious by Japanese standards. or a house in the private sector within the city.

Some interesting facts

In Japan there is no such thing as central heating. To combat the cold, electric blankets, heaters, baths, and kotatsu are used.
The Japanese do not sleep on beds, but on kotatsu mattresses, which are so compact that they can easily fit in a closet.
The Japanese kitchen has a lot of different utensils and appliances - from dishwashers and bread makers to rice cookers and electric grills.
Before entering the toilet, you must wear shoes designed specifically for this room.
The best description of Japanese style in interior design is minimalism, harmony, cleanliness and asymmetry.

Conclusion

We learned that the traditional Japanese homes are called minka. Ordinary people used to live here, and in some areas similar houses still exist.

Family members spend most of their time on the floor, so the main task is to create a comfortable space filled with warmth and harmony with a minimum of furniture and decor. Over several centuries, the living conditions and everyday habits of people in the Land of the Rising Sun have not changed much, which makes their houses unique in their kind.

Let harmony and comfort never leave your home. Join us - subscribe to the blog, and let's search for the truth together!

How to draw a house with a pencil step by step? In this article we will learn how to do this. It may seem that drawing a house is very difficult, but this is not at all the case.

We are drawing a house, not a house :) Therefore, we will draw from a side view without drawing three-dimensional figures. This will greatly simplify the drawing process; of course, if you feel strong enough, you can complete the three-dimensional elements of the house, that is, the second wall and draw the roof.

On paper we will depict the most ordinary village house, which can be found in almost every city in the world. So let's get started!

Step by step drawing example

We will draw with pencils, so stock up on a regular pencil, colored pencils, an eraser and a sharpener. And, of course, paper.

Stage 1
The house will consist of two parts (you can see the finished drawing), draw a rectangle and divide it into two parts. Please note that the rectangle should not be divided in the middle, but slightly offset to the left.

Stage 2
In the second step we outline the roof and doorway. We designate the doorway so wide for a reason. The doorway is so wide because it will have not one door, but two.

Stage 3
Now we use a pencil to detail the roof and insert windows into our house. Windows do not have to be square; very often buildings have rectangular windows.

However, the windows must be at the same height, otherwise your building will turn out very unrealistic. You can even use a ruler for precise markings. And if you have a diamond eye, then you don’t have to use a ruler :)

Also, you need to draw a decorative strip along the entire bottom of the building.

Stage 4
We outline the windows and door with another line, this will give a little voluminous effect, despite the fact that our goal is not to draw a voluminous house.

A chimney must be depicted on the roof, otherwise where will Santa bring gifts for Christmas?

Stage 5
The fifth step is a very important step because it is time to detail the entire building. We insert the doors and draw a staircase under them. We insert glass into the windows, and also detail the roof and the lower, decorative strip of the building.

There is, however, exactly one thing that definitely did not come to Japan from anywhere, and which, apparently, will not go anywhere. This tradition stands and holds the Japanese as roots. Real estate. , an amazing building in which everything is completely different from anywhere else.

There is such a place - Open Museum of Japanese Houses in Kawasaki. The inscriptions alone are worth it. They'll figure it out. You can't draw. Except for pencil and charcoal, for some reason. AND traditional japanese toilet costs.

And you can't use it either. They say it's an exhibition piece. And I wanted it that way. It's a shame.

In general, no other people except the Japanese have come up with the idea of sleeping, eating, sitting and living at home right on the floor, without furniture. Even the most modern fashionable and expensive Tokyo skyscrapers Only from the outside do they look like Western buildings. Inside each apartment there is always at least one bedroom room, where rice mats are laid on top of concrete, and people sleep there directly on the floor, as before, because it is convenient for the Japanese. I'm already comfortable too. Well, these beds. You can fall off them in your sleep!

In addition to the floor, you also need a roof. Amazing fluffy Japanese roofs are also made of straw. They have a lot of layers so that they leak less. Once all the thatch has been installed, a special roof barber crawls across the roof with scissors and gives the house a fashionable haircut. Each region of Japan had its own traditions regarding the fashion for home hairstyles. In the most fashionable houses, the gardener planted flowers directly on the roof. The straw quickly rots from the rains, compost is formed, grass and flowers grow well. Just sometimes you have to remember to climb onto the roof and pull out the weeds from it. That is, weeds are, of course, a concern in the summer. Clearing the roof of snow is a concern in winter, otherwise the roof risks falling through. In the snowy regions of Japan, they also made a window on the roof - it worked as a winter exit, when the rest of the house was already covered with snow.

When the roof breaks or rots, it’s all lost. An acquaintance recently rented a new apartment somewhere in Chiba, on the first floor. Because the second floor of the house is already so leaky that it’s scary to go there, let alone move. So the second floor is empty. And there, among the puddles, a family of tanuki (raccoon dogs) settled. A friend called 911, but the rescuers were afraid to go to the second floor. They said that they would then call the Ministry of Emergency Situations to clean out the tanuki. But the owner of the house forgave the rent for May, since such a stupid matter.

The best part of the house is the bathhouse. The Japanese loved to wash. Japanese bathroom- a large basin with water, and under it firewood. In the bathhouse you had to cook yourself by adding firewood. Washing in such a traditional bath is a dangerous task. A small wooden stool was placed at the bottom of the basin to sit on. After all, if your leg or butt jumps off the stool, they will touch the bottom of the basin, which is hot over an open fire: sometimes you’ll wash yourself, sometimes you’ll get burned. But even such a bath used to be an expensive pleasure. Usually there was a bath in only one house per village, and the owner allowed all the residents to wash after his family in turn. In the same water. And now in traditional “menshuku” hotels, where there is already running water and even sometimes hot water, the owner fills the bathtub with hot water once a day and covers it with a wooden lid so that the water cools more slowly, then all the guests climb into this bathtub to wash in turn. The main thing is not to be the last.

Not only the bath, but also the kitchen, and the stove - completely different thinking in everything. Even the rice storage room is an amazing structure on 8-meter stilts with slippery steel ends. According to the idea, the mouse should slip on them and fall from a height. What samurai cunning!

This is the house that Tanaka-san built,
And this is rice hidden for the winter,
Hanging in the storeroom on high stilts,

And this is a fluffy gray mouse,
Which climbs on piles where there is rice,
Which hangs high in the closet,
In the house that Tanaka-san built.
And this is a slippery and sharp flooring,
Which the owner nailed onto piles,
From which the gray mouse falls,
Who climbed into the pantry where there was rice,
In the house that Tanaka-san built.