Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov who lives well in Rus'. Happy in the poem
IN chapter "Happy" a crowd of men and women will appear on the way. Many of the peasants they met declare themselves “happy,” but the men do not agree with everyone. The researchers noted important feature in this list of “happy” ones, in general they represent different peasant “professions”, their stories reveal “almost all aspects of the life of the working masses: here are a soldier, a stonecutter, a worker, a Belarusian peasant, etc.” In this episode, the wanderers themselves act as judges: they do not need to be convinced who is happy and who is not, they decide this issue on their own. And therefore they laughed at the “dismissed sexton”, who assured that happiness lies “in complacency”, in the acceptance of small joy; They laughed at the old woman, “happy” because “in the fall / Up to a thousand turnips were born / On a small ridge.” They pitied the old soldier, who considered it fortunate that he “didn’t succumb to death”, having been in twenty battles. They respected the mighty stonemason, convinced that happiness lies in strength, but still did not agree with him: “<...>But won’t it / be difficult to carry around with this happiness / in old age?..” It is no coincidence that the story of a heroic man who lost both his strength and health through hard work and returned to his homeland to die immediately follows. Strength, youth and health are unreliable grounds for happiness. The Nekrasov peasants did not accept the “happiness” of the bear hunter, who was glad that he did not die, but was only wounded in a fight with the beast, nor do they recognize the happiness of the Belarusian, who received plenty of “bread.” They drove out in disgrace the lackey Prince Peremetyev, who saw happiness in his lackey. But Ermila Girin’s happiness seems very justified to them and to many witnesses of these conversations.
The story of Ermila Girin it's no coincidence that it takes central place in the chapter. His story is instructive and really makes you believe that a man can be happy. What is the happiness of Ermila Girin? Coming from a peasant background, he earned money through intelligence and hard work; at first he kept an “orphan mill,” then, when they decided to sell it, he decided to buy it. Deceived by the clerks, Yermil did not bring money to the auction, but the men who knew Girin’s honesty came to the rescue: they collected the “worldly treasury” by the penny. “Mir” has proven its strength, its ability to resist untruth. But the “world” helped Girin because everyone knew his life. And other stories from the life of Ermil Ilyich confirm his kindness and decency. Having sinned once, sent instead sibling as a soldier of the widow's son, Yermil repented before the people, ready to accept any punishment, any shame:
Yermil Ilyich himself came,
Barefoot, thin, with pads,
With a rope in my hands,
He came and said: “It was time,
I judged you according to my conscience,
Now I myself am more sinful than you:
Judge me!
And he bowed to our feet,
Neither give nor take holy fool<...>
The men's journey could end with a meeting with Yermil Girin. His life corresponds to the people's understanding of happiness and includes: peace, wealth, honor gained by honesty and kindness:
Yes! there was only one man!
He had everything he needed
For happiness: and peace of mind,
And money and honor,
An enviable, true honor,
Not bought with money,
Not with fear: with strict truth,
With intelligence and kindness!
But it is no coincidence that Nekrasov ends the chapter with a story about the misfortune of the happy Girin. “If Nekrasov,” B.Ya. rightly believes. The Bukhshtab wanted to recognize a person like Girin as happy; he could have avoided introducing a prison situation. Of course, Nekrasov wants to show with this episode that happiness in Rus' is hampered by the oppression of the people, which in one way or another deprives the happiness of people who sympathize with the people<...>. The happiness of a merchant who has acquired, albeit legally, a fair amount of capital, albeit a decent one, kind person“This is not the happiness that could resolve the wanderers’ dispute, because this happiness is not in the understanding that the poet wants to inspire in the reader.” One can assume another reason for this ending of the chapter: Nekrasov wanted to show the insufficiency of all these terms for happiness. The happiness of one person, especially an honest one, is impossible against the backdrop of general misfortune.
Other articles on analysis poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”.
Essay text:
Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was one of the first Russian poets who was deeply concerned with the theme of peasant life. He created his works during difficult years for Russia. It was already clear to everyone that serfdom had outlived its usefulness and could no longer exist. But the reform of 1861 does not make the situation easier for the peasants. As a man of revolutionary democratic views, Nekrasov perfectly understands the remaining enslaving dependence of the peasantry on the landowners.
In 1863, Nekrasov began work on one of his most significant works. This is the poem Who Lives Well in Rus'. The whole life of a peasant can be traced in the poem. We see the birth of a child, and a wedding, and recruitment, and funerals, and work in the field. The poem reflects spiritual world the peasantry, its joys and sorrows, doubts and hopes. The question runs through the entire work: Who is happy on Russian land?
There are many characters in the poem. But how different they all are! The poor, exhausted by hunger and need, who endure humiliation and lack of rights all their lives, are happy that they are still alive after all the hardships, happy that they will die native land. Savely and Ermila Girin have completely different happiness. They are rebels in spirit. They do not resign themselves to adversity, they try to make life better in their own way. But serfdom kills them too. Savely spends his entire life in hard labor, and his only joy in old age, Demushka, dies. Yermilo Girin ends up in prison during a peasant revolt, and it is not difficult to imagine how his life will turn out. further fate. But there is no unity in the peasant world: serfdom distorts not only human destinies, but also personalities. We see happy slaves who are happy to be slaves to their masters. This is the footman Ipat, who with joy and tenderness talks about the cruelty of his master towards him, this is the footman of Prince Peremetyev, a completely distorted personality in whom there is absolutely no human dignity left. But even among such slaves, protest is growing. An example of this is Yakov, who takes revenge on his master with his own death.
And the noble landowners are also unhappy in their own way. They feel that their time is running out, they feel that protest and discontent are emerging among the peasantry. But they cannot change themselves, they cannot change their lifestyle.
There are no happy ones among the clergy either. Many priests understand that they are a burden for the SVR peasants, because life is not easy for the people even without them. So say the priest whom the men meet on their way. He sympathizes with the peasants, but at the same time he is sorry that the landowners have disappeared.
Peasant women are also unhappy. The poet draws beautiful image the majestic Slav Matryona Timofeevna. Has she seen happiness in life? She was happy during her childhood, but from an early age she has been working and helping her parents. There was the happiness of motherhood, but life was also cruel to her children. Whatever character you take in the poem, each has their own tragedy. Who can live well in Rus'? The question remains unanswered.
Thus, it turns out that truly happy people not in the poem. They don’t exist in life either. Serfdom broke destinies and personalities. It destroyed the human traits in many nobles, clergy and other people. What kind of happiness can we talk about if the peasantry has no rights and life is full of hardships and disasters, and the serf owners have inhuman souls.
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From 1863 to 1877 Nekrasov created “Who Lives Well in Rus'.” The idea, characters, plot changed several times during the work. Most likely, the plan was not fully revealed: the author died in 1877. Despite this, “Who lives well in Rus'” as folk poem is considered a completed work. It was supposed to have 8 parts, but only 4 were completed.
The poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” begins with the introduction of the characters. These heroes are seven men from the villages: Dyryavino, Zaplatovo, Gorelovo, Neurozhaika, Znobishino, Razutovo, Neelovo. They meet and start a conversation about who lives happily and well in Rus'. Each of the men has his own opinion. One believes that the landowner is happy, the other - that he is an official. The peasants from the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” are also called happy by the merchant, the priest, the minister, the noble boyar, and the tsar. The heroes began to argue and lit a fire. It even came to a fight. However, they fail to come to an agreement.
Self-assembled tablecloth
Suddenly Pakhom completely unexpectedly caught the chick. The little warbler, his mother, asked the man to let the chick go free. She suggested for this where you can find a self-assembled tablecloth - very useful thing, which will certainly come in handy in long road. Thanks to her, the men did not lack food during the trip.
The priest's story
The work “Who Lives Well in Rus'” continues with the following events. The heroes decided to find out at any cost who lives happily and cheerfully in Rus'. They hit the road. First, on the way they met a priest. The men turned to him with a question about whether he lived happily. Then the pope talked about his life. He believes (in which the men could not but agree with him) that happiness is impossible without peace, honor, and wealth. Pop believes that if he had all this, he would be completely happy. However, he is obliged, day and night, in any weather, to go where he is told - to the dying, to the sick. Every time the priest has to see human grief and suffering. He sometimes even lacks the strength to take retribution for his service, since people tear the latter away from themselves. Once upon a time everything was completely different. The priest says that rich landowners generously rewarded him for funeral services, baptisms, and weddings. However, now the rich are far away, and the poor have no money. The priest also has no honor: the men do not respect him, as many folk songs testify to.
Wanderers go to the fair
Wanderers understand that this person cannot be called happy, as noted by the author of the work “Who Lives Well in Rus'.” The heroes set off again and find themselves along the road in the village of Kuzminskoye, at the fair. This village is dirty, although rich. There are a lot of establishments in it where residents indulge in drunkenness. They drink away their last money. For example, an old man had no money left to buy shoes for his granddaughter, since he drank everything away. All this is observed by wanderers from the work “Who Lives Well in Rus'” (Nekrasov).
Yakim Nagoy
They also notice fairground entertainment and fights and argue that a man is forced to drink: it helps him withstand hard work and eternal hardships. An example of this is Yakim Nagoy, a man from the village of Bosovo. He works himself to death and drinks until he is half to death. Yakim believes that if there were no drunkenness, there would be great sadness.
The wanderers continue their journey. In the work “Who Lives Well in Rus',” Nekrasov talks about how they want to find happy and cheerful people and promise to give these lucky people free water. Therefore the most different people trying to pass themselves off as such - a former servant suffering from paralysis, long years licking plates behind the master, exhausted workers, beggars. However, the travelers themselves understand that these people cannot be called happy.
Ermil Girin
The men once heard about a man named Ermil Girin. Nekrasov further tells his story, of course, but does not convey all the details. Yermil Girin - burgomaster, who was very respected, fair and fair man. He intended to one day buy the mill. The men lent him money without a receipt, they trusted him so much. However, a peasant revolt occurred. Now Yermil is in prison.
Obolt-Obolduev's story
Gavrila Obolt-Obolduev, one of the landowners, spoke about the fate of the nobles after They used to own a lot: serfs, villages, forests. On holidays, nobles could invite serfs into their homes to pray. But after that the master was no longer the full owner of the men. The wanderers knew very well how difficult life was during the times of serfdom. But it is also not difficult for them to understand that things became much harder for the nobles after the abolition of serfdom. And it’s not easier for men now. The wanderers realized that they would not be able to find a happy one among the men. So they decided to go to the women.
Life of Matryona Korchagina
The peasants were told that in one village there lived a peasant woman named Matryona Timofeevna Korchagina, whom everyone called lucky. They found her, and Matryona told the men about her life. Nekrasov continues this story “Who Lives Well in Rus'.”
A brief summary of this woman's life story is as follows. Her childhood was cloudless and happy. She had a hard-working family that didn't drink. The mother cared for and cherished her daughter. When Matryona grew up, she became a beauty. One day, a stove maker from another village, Philip Korchagin, wooed her. Matryona told how he persuaded her to marry him. This was the only bright memory of this woman in her entire life, which was hopeless and dreary, although her husband treated her well by peasant standards: he almost never beat her. However, he went to the city to earn money. Matryona lived in her father-in-law's house. Everyone here treated her badly. The only one who was kind to the peasant woman was very old grandfather Savely. He told her that he was sent to hard labor for the murder of the manager.
Soon Matryona gave birth to Demushka - a sweet and beautiful baby. She could not part with him for a minute. However, the woman had to work in the field, where her mother-in-law did not allow her to take the child. Grandfather Savely was watching the baby. One day he did not take care of Demushka, and the child was eaten by pigs. They came from the city to investigate, and they opened up the baby in front of the mother’s eyes. This was the hardest blow for Matryona.
Then five children were born to her, all boys. Matryona was a kind and caring mother. One day Fedot, one of the children, was tending sheep. One of them was carried away by a she-wolf. The shepherd was to blame for this and should have been punished with whips. Then Matryona begged her to be beaten instead of her son.
She also said that they once wanted to recruit her husband as a soldier, although this was a violation of the law. Then Matryona went to the city while pregnant. Here the woman met Elena Alexandrovna, the kind governor’s wife, who helped her, and Matryona’s husband was released.
The peasants considered Matryona a happy woman. However, after listening to her story, the men realized that she could not be called happy. There was too much suffering and troubles in her life. Matryona Timofeevna herself also says that a woman in Rus', especially a peasant woman, cannot be happy. Her lot is very difficult.
Crazy landowner
Men-wanderers are on their way to the Volga. Here comes the mowing. People are busy with hard work. Suddenly an amazing scene: the mowers humiliate themselves and please the old master. It turned out that the landowner He could not understand what had already been abolished. Therefore, his relatives persuaded the men to behave as if it was still in effect. They were promised for this. The men agreed, but were deceived in Once again. When the old master died, the heirs gave them nothing.
The story of Jacob
Repeatedly along the way, wanderers listen folk songs- hungry, soldier and others, as well as different stories. They remembered, for example, the story of Yakov, the faithful slave. He always tried to please and appease the master, who humiliated and beat the slave. However, this led to Yakov loving him even more. The master's legs gave out in old age. Yakov continued to look after him as if he were his own child. But he received no gratitude for this. Grisha, a young guy, Jacob's nephew, wanted to marry a beauty - a serf girl. Out of jealousy, the old master sent Grisha as a recruit. Yakov fell into drunkenness from this grief, but then returned to the master and took revenge. He took him to the forest and hanged himself right in front of the master. Since his legs were paralyzed, he could not escape anywhere. The master sat all night under Yakov's corpse.
Grigory Dobrosklonov - people's defender
This and other stories make men think that they will not be able to find happy people. However, they learn about Grigory Dobrosklonov, a seminarian. This is the son of a sexton, who has seen the suffering and hopeless life of the people since childhood. He made a choice in early youth, decided that he would give his strength to fight for the happiness of his people. Gregory is educated and smart. He understands that Rus' is strong and will cope with all troubles. Gregory has a glorious path ahead of him in the future, big name people's defender, "consumption and Siberia".
The men hear about this intercessor, but they do not yet understand that such people can make others happy. This will not happen soon.
Heroes of the poem
Nekrasov depicted various segments of the population. Simple peasants become the main characters of the work. They were freed by the reform of 1861. But their life did not change much after the abolition of serfdom. The same hard work, hopeless life. After the reform, moreover, they had own lands the peasants found themselves in an even more difficult situation.
The characteristics of the heroes of the work “Who Lives Well in Rus'” can be supplemented by the fact that the author created surprisingly reliable images of peasants. Their characters are very accurate, although contradictory. Not only kindness, strength and integrity of character are found in Russian people. They have preserved at the genetic level servility, servility, and readiness to submit to a despot and tyrant. The coming of Grigory Dobrosklonov, a new man, is a symbol of the fact that honest, noble, smart people appear among the downtrodden peasantry. May their fate be unenviable and difficult. Thanks to them, self-awareness will arise among the peasant masses, and people will finally be able to fight for happiness. This is exactly what the heroes and the author of the poem dream about. ON THE. Nekrasov ("Who Lives Well in Rus'", "Russian Women", "Frost, and Other Works) are truly considered national poet, who was interested in the fate of the peasantry, its sufferings and problems. The poet could not remain indifferent to his difficult lot. Work by N.A. Nekrasov’s “Who Lives Well in Rus'” was written with such sympathy for the people that it still makes us sympathize with their fate in that difficult time.
Ermil Girin (chapter “Happy”). Based on the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”
Starting from the chapter “Happy”, a turn is planned in the direction of the search for a happy person. By own initiative“lucky ones” from the lower classes begin to approach the wanderers. Most of them are very tempted to take a sip of free wine. But the very fact of their appearance is significant in the epic. The attention of the seven wanderers is increasingly captured by the polyphonic folk Rus'. There are confessional stories from courtyard people, clergy, soldiers, stonemasons, and hunters. The entire peasant kingdom is involved in a dialogue, in a dispute about happiness. Of course, these “lucky ones” are such that the wanderers, seeing the empty bucket, exclaim with bitter irony:
Hey, man's happiness!
Leaky with patches,
Humpbacked with calluses,
Go home!
But at the end of the chapter there is a story about happy man, moving the action of the epic forward, marking more high level popular ideas about happiness. Yermil - “not a prince, not an illustrious count, but just a man!” But by its nature and influence on peasant life he is stronger and more authoritative than anyone. His strength lies in the trust of the people's world and in Yermil Girin's support for this world. The heroism of the people is poeticized when they act together. The story about Ermil begins with a description of the hero’s litigation with the merchant Altynnikov over the orphan mill. When at the end of the bargaining “things turned out to be rubbish” - there was no money with Yermil - he turned to the people for support:
And a miracle happened -
Throughout the market square
Every peasant has
Like the wind, half left
Suddenly it turned upside down!
This is the first time in the poem when folk world with one impulse, with one unanimous effort, he wins victory over untruth:
Cunning, strong clerks,
And their world is stronger,
The merchant Altynnikov is rich,
And everything cannot resist him
Against the world's treasury...
Like Yakim, Yermil is endowed keen sense Christian conscience and honor. Only once did he stumble: he shielded him from the recruiting little brother Mithria." But this act cost the righteous man severe torment and ended with nationwide repentance, which further strengthened his authority. Yermil’s conscientiousness is not exceptional: it is an expression of the most characteristic features peasant world generally. Let us remember how Yermil paid off the peasants for their worldly debt, collected in the market square:
An extra ruble, whose - God knows!
Stayed with him.
All day with my money open
Yermil walked around, asking questions,
Whose ruble? I didn’t find it.
Throughout his life, Yermil refutes the initial ideas of wanderers about the essence of human happiness. It would seem that he has “everything that is needed for happiness: peace of mind, money, and honor.” But at a critical moment in his life, Yermil sacrifices this “happiness” for the sake of the people’s truth and ends up in prison.
Bibliography
To prepare this work, materials were used from the site http://www.bobych.spb.ru/
In a loud, festive crowd
The wanderers walked
They shouted the cry:
"Hey! Is there a happy one somewhere?
Show up! If it turns out
That you live happily
We have a ready-made bucket:
Drink for free as much as you like -
We'll treat you to glory!..”
Such unheard of speeches
Sober people laughed
And drunk people are smart
Almost spat in my beard
Zealous screamers.
However, hunters
Take a sip of free wine
Enough was found.
When the wanderers returned
Under the linden tree, calling out a cry,
People surrounded them.
The dismissed sexton came,
Skinny as a sulfur match,
And he let go of his laces,
That happiness is not in pastures 52,
Not in sables, not in gold,
Not in expensive stones.
“And what?”
- In good humor 53!
There are limits to possessions
Lords, nobles, kings of the earth,
And the wise's possession -
The entire city of Christ is 54!
If the sun warms you up
Yes, I’ll miss the braid,
So I'm happy! –
“Where will you get the braid?”
- Yes, you promised to give...
“Get lost!” You’re being naughty!..”
An old woman came
Pockmarked, one-eyed,
And she announced, bowing,
How happy she is:
What's in store for her in the fall?
Rap was born to a thousand
On a small ridge.
- Such a large turnip,
These turnips are delicious
And the whole ridge is three fathoms,
And across - 55 arshin! –
They laughed at the woman
But they didn’t give me a drop of vodka:
“Drink at home, old man,
Eat that turnip!”
A soldier came with medals,
I'm barely alive, but I want a drink:
- I'm happy! - speaks.
“Well, open up, old lady,
What is a soldier's happiness?
Don’t hide, look!”
- And that, firstly, is happiness,
What's in twenty battles
I was, not killed!
And secondly, more importantly,
Me even in times of peace
I walked neither full nor hungry,
But he didn’t give in to death!
And thirdly - for offenses,
Great and small
I was beaten mercilessly with sticks,
Just feel it and it’s alive!
"On the! drink, servant!
There's no point in arguing with you:
You are happy - there is no word!
Came with a heavy hammer
Olonchan stonemason 56,
Broad-shouldered, young:
- And I live - I don’t complain, -
He said, “with his wife, with his mother.”
We don't know the needs!
“What is your happiness?”
- But look (and with a hammer,
He waved it like a feather):
When I wake up before the sun
Let me wake up at midnight,
So I will crush the mountain!
It happened, I can’t boast
Chopping crushed stones
Five silver a day!
Groin raised "happiness"
And, having grunted quite a bit,
Presented to the employee:
“Well, that’s important! won't it be
Running around with this happiness
Is it hard in old age?..”
- Look, don’t boast about your strength, -
The man said with shortness of breath,
Relaxed, thin
(The nose is sharp, like a dead one,
Skinny hands like a rake,
The legs are long like knitting needles,
Not a person - a mosquito). –
I was no worse than a mason
Yes, he also boasted of his strength,
So God punished!
The contractor realized, the beast,
What a simple child,
Taught me to praise
And I’m stupidly happy,
I work for four!
One day I wear a good one
I laid bricks.
And here he is, damned,
And apply it hard:
"What is this? - speaks. –
I don’t recognize Tryphon!
Walk with such a burden
Aren’t you ashamed of the fellow?”
- And if it seems a little,
Add with your master's hand! –
I said, getting angry.
Well, about half an hour, I think
I waited, and he planted,
And he planted it, you scoundrel!
I hear it myself - the craving is terrible,
I didn’t want to back away.
And I brought that damn burden
I'm on the second floor!
The contractor looks and wonders
Shouts, scoundrel, from there:
“Oh well done, Trofim!
You don't know what you did:
You took one down at the very least
Fourteen pounds!
Oh, I know! heart with a hammer
Beating in the chest, bloody
There are circles in the eyes,
My back feels like it's cracked...
They are shaking, their legs are weak.
I've been wasting away since then!..
Pour half a glass, brother!
“Pour? Where is the happiness here?
We treat the happy
What did you say!”
- Listen to the end! there will be happiness!
“Why, speak up!”
- Here's what. In my homeland
Like every peasant,
I wanted to die.
From St. Petersburg, relaxed,
Crazy, almost without memory,
I got into the car.
Well, here we go.
In the carriage - feverish,
Hot workers
There are a lot of us
Everyone wanted the same thing
How do I get to my homeland?
To die at home.
However, you need happiness
And here: we were traveling in the summer,
In the heat, in the stuffiness
Many people are confused
Completely sick heads,
Hell broke out in the carriage:
He moans, he rolls,
Like a catechumen, across the floor,
He raves about his wife, mother.
Well, at the nearest station
Down with this!
I looked at my comrades
I was burning all over, thinking -
Bad luck for me too.
There are purple circles in the eyes,
And everything seems to me, brother,
Why am I cutting peuns 57!
(We are also pranksters 58,
It happened to fatten up a year
Up to a thousand goiters.)
Where did you remember, damned ones!
I already tried to pray,
No! everyone is going crazy!
Will you believe it? the whole party
He's in awe of me!
The larynxes are cut,
Blood is gushing, but they are singing!
And I with a knife: “Fuck you!”
How the Lord has had mercy,
Why didn't I scream?
I’m sitting, strengthening myself... fortunately,
The day is over, and by evening
It got cold - he took pity
God is above the orphans!
Well, that's how we got there,
And I made my way home,
And here, by God's grace,
And it became easier for me...
-What are you bragging about here?
With your peasant happiness? –
Screams broken to his feet
Yard man. –
And you treat me:
I'm happy, God knows!
From the first boyar,
At Prince Peremetyev's,
I was a beloved slave.
The wife is a beloved slave,
And the daughter is with the young lady
I also studied French
And to all kinds of languages,
She was allowed to sit down
In the presence of the princess...
Oh! how it stung!.. fathers!.. –
(And started the right leg
Rub with your palms.)
The peasants laughed.
“Why are you laughing, you fools?”
Unexpectedly angry
The yard man screamed. –
I'm sick, should I tell you?
What do I pray to the Lord for?
Getting up and going to bed?
I pray: “Leave me, Lord,
My illness is honorable,
According to her, I am a nobleman!
Not your vile sickness,
Not hoarse, not hernia -
A noble disease
What kind of thing is there?
Among the top officials in the empire,
I'm sick, man!
It's called a game!
To get it -
Champagne, Bourgogne,
Tokaji, Hungarian
You need to drink for thirty years...
Behind the chair of His Serene Highness
At Prince Peremetyev's
I stood for forty years
With French best truffle 59
I licked the plates
Foreign drinks
I drank from the glasses...
Well, pour it! –
“Get lost!”
We have peasant wine,
Simple, not overseas -
Not on your lips!
Yellow-haired, hunched over,
He crept timidly up to the wanderers
Belarusian peasant
This is where he reaches for vodka:
- Pour me some manenichko too,
I'm happy! - speaks.
“Don’t bother with your hands!
Report, prove
First, what makes you happy?”
– And our happiness is in the bread:
I'm at home in Belarus
With chaff, with bone 60
He chewed barley bread;
You writhe like a woman in labor,
How it grabs your stomach.
And now, the mercy of God! –
Gubonin has his fill
They give you rye bread,
I'm chewing - I won't get chewed! –
It's kind of cloudy
A man with a curled cheekbone,
Everything looks to the right:
- I go after the bears.
And I feel great happiness:
Three of my comrades
The teddy bears were broken,
And I live, God is merciful!
“Well, look to the left?”
I didn’t look, no matter how hard I tried,
What scary faces
Neither did the man make a face:
- The bear turned me over
Manenichko cheekbone! –
“And you compare yourself with the other one,
Give her your right cheek -
He’ll fix it...” – They laughed,
However, they brought it.
Ragged beggars
Hearing the smell of foam,
And they came to prove
How happy they are:
– There’s a shopkeeper at our doorstep
Greeted with alms
And we’ll enter the house, just like that from the house
They escort you to the gate...
Let's sing a little song,
The hostess runs to the window
With an edge, with a knife,
And we are filled with:
“Come on, come on - the whole loaf,
Doesn't wrinkle or crumble,
Hurry up for you, hurry up for us..."
Our wanderers realized
Why was vodka wasted for nothing?
By the way, and a bucket
End. “Well, that will be yours!
Hey, man's happiness!
Leaky with patches,
Humpbacked with calluses,
Go home!”
- And you, dear friends,
Ask Ermila Girin, -
He said, sitting down with the wanderers,
Villages of Dymoglotov
Peasant Fedosey. –
If Yermil doesn’t help,
Will not be declared lucky
So there’s no point in wandering around...
“Who is Yermil?
Is it the prince, the illustrious count?”
- Not a prince, not an illustrious count,
But he’s just a man!
“You speak more intelligently,
Sit down and we'll listen,
What kind of person is Yermil?”
- And here’s what: an orphan’s
Yermilo kept the mill
On Unzha. By court
Decided to sell the mill:
Yermilo came with the others
To the auction room.
Empty buyers
They quickly fell off.
One merchant Altynnikov
He entered into battle with Yermil,
Keeps up, bargains,
It costs a pretty penny.
How angry Yermilo will be -
Grab five rubles at once!
The merchant again a pretty penny,
They started a battle;
The merchant gives him a penny,
And he gave him a ruble!
Altynnikov could not resist!
Yes, there was an opportunity here:
They immediately began to demand
Deposits third part,
And the third part is up to a thousand.
There was no money with Yermil,
Did he really mess up?
Did the clerks cheat?
But it turned out to be rubbish!
Altynnikov cheered up:
“It turns out it’s my mill!”
"No! - says Ermil,
Approaches the chairman. –
Is it possible for your honor
Wait for half an hour?
- What will you do in half an hour?
“I’ll bring the money!”
-Where can you find it? Are you sane?
Thirty-five versts to the mill,
And an hour later I'm present
The end, my dear!
“So, will you allow me half an hour?”
- We’ll probably wait an hour! –
Yermil went; clerks
The merchant and I exchanged glances,
Laugh, scoundrels!
To the square to the shopping area
Yermilo came (in the city
It was a market day)
He stood on the cart and saw: he was baptized,
On all four sides
Shouts: “Hey, good people!
Shut up, listen,
I’ll tell you my word!”
The crowded square became silent,
And then Yermil talks about the mill
He told the people:
“Long ago the merchant Altynnikov
Went to the mill,
Yes, I didn’t make a mistake either,
I checked in the city five times,
They said: with rebidding
Bidding has been scheduled.
Idle, you know
Transport the treasury to the peasant
A side road is not a hand:
I arrived penniless
And lo and behold, they got it wrong
No rebidding!
Vile souls have cheated,
And the infidels laugh:
“What in the world are you going to do?
Where will you find money?
Maybe I’ll find it, God is merciful!
Cunning, strong clerks,
And their world is stronger,
The merchant Altynnikov is rich,
And everything cannot resist him
Against the worldly treasury -
She's like a fish from the sea
For centuries to catch - not to catch.
Well, brothers! God sees
I'll get rid of it that Friday!
The mill is not dear to me,
The offense is great!
If you know Ermila,
If you believe Yermil,
So help me out, or something!..”
And a miracle happened:
Throughout the market square
Every peasant has
Like the wind, half left
Suddenly it turned upside down!
The peasantry forked out
They bring money to Yermil,
They give to those who are rich in what.
Yermilo is a literate guy,
Put your hat full
Tselkovikov, foreheads,
Burnt, beaten, tattered
Peasant bank notes.
Yermilo took it - he didn’t disdain
And a copper penny.
Still he would become disdainful,
When did I come across here
Another copper hryvnia
More than a hundred rubles!
The entire amount has already been fulfilled,
And people's generosity
Grew: - Take it, Ermil Ilyich,
If you give it away, it won’t go to waste! –
Yermil bowed to the people
On all four sides
He walked into the ward with a hat,
Clutching the treasury in it.
The clerks were surprised
Altynnikov turned green,
How he completely the whole thousand
He laid it out on the table for them!..
Not a wolf's tooth, but a fox's tail, -
Let's go play around with the clerks,
Congratulations on your purchase!
Yes, Yermil Ilyich is not like that,
Didn't say too much.
I didn’t give them a penny!
The whole city came to watch,
Like on market day, Friday,
In a week's time
Ermil on the same square
People were counting.
Remember where everyone is?
At that time things were done
In a fever, in a hurry!
However, there were no disputes
And give out a penny too much
Yermil didn’t have to.
Also - he himself said -
An extra ruble, God knows whose!
Stayed with him.
All day with my money open
Yermil walked around and asked:
Whose ruble? I didn’t find it.
The sun has already set,
When from the market square
Yermil was the last to move,
Having given that ruble to the blind...
So this is what Ermil Ilyich is like. –
“Wonderful! - said the wanderers. –
However, it is good to know -
What kind of witchcraft
A man above the whole neighborhood
Did you take that kind of power?”
- Not by witchcraft, but by truth.
Have you heard about Hellishness?
Yurlov's prince's patrimony?
“You heard, so what?”
- It is the chief manager
There was a gendarmerie corps
Colonel with a star
He has five or six assistants with him,
And our Yermilo is a clerk
Was in the office.
The little one was twenty years old,
What will the clerk do?
However, for the peasant
And the clerk is a man.
You approach him first,
And he will advise
And he will make inquiries;
Where there is enough strength, it will help out,
Doesn't ask for gratitude
And if you give it, he won’t take it!
You need a bad conscience -
To the peasant from the peasant
Extort a penny.
In this way the whole patrimony
At five years old Yermil Girina
I found out well
And then he was kicked out...
They deeply pitied Girin,
It was hard to get used to something new,
Grabber, get used to it,
However, there is nothing to do
We got along in time
And to the new scribe.
He doesn't say a word without a thrasher,
Not a word without the seventh student,
Burnt, from the funhouses -
God told him to!
However, by the will of God,
He reigned for a short time -
The old prince died
The prince arrived when he was young,
I drove that colonel away.
I sent his assistant away
I drove the whole office away,
And he told us from the estate
Elect a mayor.
Well, we didn't think long
Six thousand souls, the whole estate
We shout: “Ermila Girina!” –
How one man is!
They call Ermila to the master.
After talking with the peasant,
From the balcony the prince shouts:
“Well, brothers! have it your way.
With my princely seal
Your choice is confirmed:
The guy is agile, competent,
I’ll say one thing: isn’t he young?..”
And we: - There is no need, father,
And young, and smart! –
Yermilo went to reign
Over the entire princely estate,
And he reigned!
In seven years the world's penny
I didn’t squeeze it under my nail,
At the age of seven I didn’t touch the right one,
He did not allow the guilty one to do so.
I didn’t bend my heart...
“Stop! - shouted reproachfully
Some gray-haired priest
To the storyteller. - You're sinning!
The harrow walked straight ahead,
Yes, suddenly she waved to the side -
The tooth hit the stone!
When I started to tell,
So don't throw out words
From the song: or to wanderers
Are you telling a fairy tale?..
I knew Ermila Girin..."
- I suppose I didn’t know?
We were one fiefdom,
The same parish
Yes, we were transferred...
“And if you knew Girin,
So I knew my brother Mitri,
Think about it, my friend."
The narrator became thoughtful
And, after a pause, he said:
– I lied: the word is superfluous
It went wrong!
There was a case, and Yermil the man
Going crazy: from recruiting
Little brother Mitri
He defended it.
We remain silent: there is nothing to argue here,
The master of the headman's brother himself
I wouldn't tell you to shave
One Nenila Vlaseva
I cry bitterly for my son,
Shouts: not our turn!
It is known that I would shout
Yes, I would have left with that.
So what? Ermil himself,
Having finished recruiting,
I began to feel sad, sad,
Doesn’t drink, doesn’t eat: that’s the end of it,
What's in the stall with the rope
His father found him.
Here the son repented to his father:
“Ever since Vlasyevna’s son
I didn't put it in the queue
I hate the white light!
And he himself reaches for the rope.
They tried to persuade
His father and brother
He’s all the same: “I’m a criminal!
The villain! tie my hands
Take me to court!”
So that worse doesn't happen,
The father tied the hearty one,
He posted a guard.
The world has come together, it is noisy, noisy,
Such a wonderful thing
Never had to
Neither see nor decide.
Ermilov family
That's not what we tried,
So that we can make peace for them,
And judge more strictly -
Return the boy to Vlasyevna,
Otherwise Yermil will hang himself,
You won't be able to spot him!
Yermil Ilyich himself came,
Barefoot, thin, with pads,
With a rope in my hands,
He came and said: “It was time,
I judged you according to my conscience,
Now I myself am more sinful than you:
Judge me!
And he bowed to our feet.
Neither give nor take the holy fool,
Stands, sighs, crosses himself,
It was a pity for us to see
Like him in front of the old woman,
In front of Nenila Vlaseva,
Suddenly he fell to his knees!
Well, everything worked out fine
Mister strong
There is a hand everywhere; Vlasyevna's son
He returned, they handed over Mitri,
Yes, they say, and Mitriya
It's not hard to serve
The prince himself takes care of him.
And for the offense with Girin
We put a fine:
Fine money for a recruit,
A small part of Vlasyevna,
Part of the world for wine...
However, after this
Yermil did not cope soon,
I walked around like crazy for about a year.
No matter how the patrimony asked,
Resigned from his position
I rented that mill
And he became thicker than before
Love to all the people:
He took it for the grind according to his conscience.
Didn't stop people
Clerk, manager,
Rich landowners
And the poorest men -
All lines were obeyed,
The order was strict!
I myself am already in that province
Haven't been in a while
And I heard about Ermila,
People don't brag about them,
You go to him.
“You’re passing through in vain,”
The one who argued has already said it
Gray-haired pop. –
I knew Ermila, Girin,
I ended up in that province
Five years ago
(I've traveled a lot in my life,
Our Eminence
Translate priests
Loved)… With Ermila Girin
We were neighbors.
Yes! there was only one man!
He had everything he needed
For happiness: and peace of mind,
And money and honor,
An enviable, true honor,
Not bought with money,
Not with fear: with strict truth,
With intelligence and kindness!
Yes, just, I repeat to you,
You are passing in vain
He sits in prison...
“How so?”
- And the will of God!
Have any of you heard,
How the estate rebelled
Landowner Obrubkov,
Frightened province,
Nedykhanev County,
Village Tetanus?..
How to write about fires
In the newspapers (I read them):
"Remained unknown
Reason” – so here:
Until now it is unknown
Not to the zemstvo police officer,
Not to the highest government
Neither the tetanus themselves,
Why did the opportunity arise?
But it turned out to be rubbish.
It took an army.
The Sovereign himself sent
He spoke to the people
Then he’ll try to curse
And shoulders with epaulets
Will lift you high
Then he will try with affection
And chests with royal crosses
In all four directions
It will start turning.
Yes, the abuse was unnecessary here,
And the caress is incomprehensible:
“Orthodox peasantry!
Mother Rus'! Father Tsar!
And nothing more!
Having been beaten enough
They wanted it for the soldiers
Command: fall!
Yes to the volost clerk
A happy thought came here,
It's about Ermila Girin
He said to the boss:
- The people will believe Girin,
The people will listen to him... -
“Call him quickly!”
…………………………….
Suddenly a cry: “Ay, ah! have mercy!"
Suddenly sounding out,
Disturbed the priest's speech,
Everyone rushed to look:
At the road roller
Flog a drunken footman -
Caught stealing!
Where he is caught, here is his judgment:
About three dozen judges came together,
We decided to give a spoonful,
And everyone gave a vine!
The footman jumped up and, spanking
Skinny shoemakers
Without a word, he gave me the traction.
“Look, he ran like he was disheveled! –
Our wanderers joked
Recognizing him as a baluster,
That he was bragging about something
Special illness
From foreign wines. –
Where did the agility come from!
That noble disease
Suddenly it was gone as if by hand!”
"Hey Hey! where are you going, father?
You tell the story
How the estate rebelled
Landowner Obrubkov,
Village Tetanus?
- It's time to go home, my dears.
God willing, we will meet again,
Then I’ll tell you!
In the morning I parted ways,
The crowd dispersed.
The peasants decided to sleep,
Suddenly a threesome with a bell
Where did it come from?
It's flying! and it swings in it
Some round gentleman,
Mustachioed, pot-bellied,
With a cigar in his mouth.
The peasants rushed at once
To the road, they took off their hats,
bowed low,
Lined up in a row
And a troika with a bell
They blocked the way...
^
CHAPTER V. LANDLORD
The neighboring landowner
Gavrilo Afanasich
Obolta-Oboldueva
That C grade was lucky.
The landowner was rosy-cheeked,
Stately, planted,
Sixty years old;
The mustache is gray, long,
Well done touches,
Hungarian with Brandenburs 61,
Wide pants.
Gavrilo Afanasyevich,
He must have gotten scared
Seeing in front of the troika
Seven tall men.
He pulled out a pistol
Just like myself, just as plump,
And the six-barreled barrel
He brought it to the wanderers:
"Don `t move! If you move,
Robbers! robbers!
I’ll put you down on the spot!..”
The peasants laughed:
- What kind of robbers we are,
Look - we don't have a knife,
No axes, no pitchforks! –
“Who are you? what do you want?
- We have concerns.
Is it such a concern?
Which of the houses did she survive?
She made us friends with work,
I stopped eating.
Give us a strong word
To our peasant speech
Without laughter and without cunning,
In truth and in reason,
How should one answer?
Then your care
Let's tell you...
“If you please: my word of honor,
I give you the nobility!”
- No, you are not noble to us,
Give me your Christian word!
Noblesse with abuse,
With a push and a punch,
This is of no use to us! –
“Hey! what news!
However, have it your way!
Well, what is your speech?..”
- Hide the pistol! listen!
Like this! we are not robbers
We are humble men
Of those temporarily obliged,
A tightened province,
Terpigoreva County,
Empty parish,
From different villages:
Zaplatova, Dyryavina,
Razutova, Znobishina,
Gorelova, Neelova -
Bad harvest too.
Walking the path,
We came together by chance
We got together and argued:
Who lives happily?
Free in Rus'?
Roman said: to the landowner,
Demyan said: to the official.
Luke said: ass,
Kupchina fat-bellied, -
The Gubin brothers said,
Ivan and Metrodor.
Pakhom said: to the brightest,
To the noble boyar,
To the sovereign minister,
And Prov said: to the king...
The guy's a bull: he'll get in trouble
What a whim in the head -
Stake her from there
You won't knock it out! No matter how they argued,
We did not agree!
We argued, we quarreled,
They quarreled and fought,
Having caught up, we thought
Don't go apart
Don't toss and turn in the houses,
Don't see your wives
Not with the little guys
Not with old people,
As long as our dispute
We won't find a solution
Until we find out
Whatever it is - for certain,
Who likes to live happily?
Free in Rus'?
Tell us in a divine way,
Is the life of a landowner sweet?
How are you - at ease, happily,
Landowner, are you living?
Gavrilo Afanasyevich
Jumped out of the tarantass
He approached the peasants:
Like a doctor, a hand to everyone
I felt them, looked into their faces,
Grabbed my sides
And he burst out laughing...
“Ha ha! haha! haha! haha!"
Healthy laughter of the landowner
Through the morning air
It began to roll out...
Having laughed to my heart's content,
The landowner is not without bitterness
Said: “Put on your hats,
Sit down, gentlemen! »
- We are not important gentlemen,
Before Your Grace
And let's stand...
"No! No!
Please sit down citizens! »
The peasants became stubborn
However, there is nothing to do
We sat down on the shaft.
“And will you allow me to sit down?
Hey Troshka! a glass of sherry,
Pillow and carpet!
Sitting on the mat
And after drinking a glass of sherry,
The landowner began like this:
"I gave you my word of honor
Keep your answer according to your conscience.
But it’s not easy!
Although you are respectable people,
However, not scientists
How to talk to you?
First you need to understand
What does the word most mean:
Landowner, nobleman.
Tell me, dear ones,
About the family tree
Have you heard anything?
– Forests were not ordered for us –
We saw all sorts of trees! –
The men said.
“You hit the sky with your finger!..
I'll tell you more clearly:
I come from a distinguished family.
My ancestor Oboldui
Commemorated for the first time
In ancient Russian letters
Two centuries and a half
Back to that. It says
That letter: “To the Tatar
Talk to Obolduev
Good cloth was given,
Priced at two rubles:
Wolves and foxes
He amused the empress
On the royal name day
Released a wild bear
With his own, and Oboldueva
The bear tore it off...”
Well, do you understand, dears?”
- How can you not understand! With bears
Quite a few of them are staggering,
Scoundrels, and now. –
“You are all yours, my dears!
Be silent! better listen
What am I talking about:
That Fool who amused
Beasts, Empress,
There was the root of our family,
And it was as it was said,
More than two hundred years.
My great-great-grandfather on my mother's side
Was even that ancient:
“Prince Shchepin with Vaska Gusev
(Another letter reads)
Tried to set fire to Moscow,
They thought about plundering the treasury
Yes, they were executed by death,”
And it was, my dears,
Almost three hundred years.
So this is where it comes from
That tree is noble
It’s coming, my friends!”
- And you’re like an apple
Are you coming out of that tree? –
The men said.
“Well, an apple is an apple!
Agree! Thankfully, we understand
You're done at last.
Now - you yourself know -
Than a noble tree
Ancient, all the more eminent,
More honorable nobleman.
Isn’t that right, benefactors?”
- So! - answered the wanderers. –
Bone white, bone black,
And look, they’re so different, -
They are treated differently and honored!
“Well, I see, I see: we understand!
So, friends, that’s how we lived,
Like Christ in his bosom,
And we knew honor.
Not only Russian people,
Nature itself is Russian
She submitted to us.
It used to be that you were surrounded
Alone, like the sun in the sky,
Your villages are modest,
Your forests are dense,
Your fields are all around!
Will you go to the village -
The peasants fall at their feet,
You'll go through the forest dachas -
Centenary trees
The forests will bow down!
Will you go by arable land, by fields -
The whole field is ripe
Creeps at the master's feet,
Caresses the ears and eyes!
There is a fish splashing in the river:
“Fat, fat before the time!”
There a hare sneaks through the meadow:
“Walk and walk until autumn!”
Everything amused the master,
Lovingly every weed
She whispered: “I’m yours!”
Russian beauty and pride,
White churches of God
Over the hills, over the hills,
And they argued with them in glory
Noble houses.
Houses with greenhouses
With Chinese gazebos
And with English parks;
On each flag played,
He played and beckoned affably,
Russian hospitality
And he promised affection.
The Frenchman won't dream
In a dream, what holidays,
Not a day, not two - a month
We asked here.
Their turkeys are fat,
Their liqueurs are juicy,
Its own actors, music,
Servants - a whole regiment!
Five cooks and a baker,
Two blacksmiths, an upholsterer,
Seventeen musicians
And twenty-two hunters
I held it... My God!..”
The landowner began to spin,
Fell face first into a pillow,
Then he stood up and corrected himself:
“Hey, Proshka!” - he shouted.
Lackey, according to the master's word,
He brought a jug of vodka.
Gavrila Afanasyevich,
After taking a bite, he continued:
“It used to be in late autumn
Your forests, Mother Rus',
Enthused by loud
Hunting horns.
Dull, faded
Lesa half naked
Started to live again
We stood along the edges of the forest
Greyhound robbers,
The landowner himself stood
And there, in the forest, the vyzhlyatniks 62
Roared, daredevils,
The hounds cooked the brew.
Chu! the horn calls!..
Chu! the flock howls! huddled together!
No way, according to the red beast
Let's go?.. hoo-hoo!
Black-brown fox,
Fluffy, maturing
It flies, its tail sweeps!
Crouched down, hid,
Trembling all over, zealous,
Clever dogs:
Perhaps the long-awaited guest!
It's time! Oh well! don't give it away, horse!
Don't give it away, little dogs!
Hey! hoo-hoo! darlings!
Hey! hoo-hoo!.. atu!..”
Gavrilo Afanasyevich,
Jumping up from the Persian carpet,
He waved his hand, jumped up and down,
Screamed! He imagined
Why is he poisoning the fox...
The peasants listened silently,
We looked, admired,
We laughed out loud...
“Oh, you, hunting hounds!
All the landowners will forget,
But you, originally Russian
Fun! you won't forget
Not forever and ever!
We are not sad about ourselves,
We are sorry that you, Mother Rus',
Lost with pleasure
Your knightly, warlike,
Majestic view!
It happened that we were in the fall
Up to fifty will come
To departing fields 63;
Every landowner
One hundred hounds in the lap 64,
Each one has a dozen
Borzovshchikov 65 on horseback,
In front of each with cooks,
With provisions the convoy.
Like with songs and music
We'll move forward
What is cavalry for?
The division is yours!
Time flew by like a falcon,
The landowner's chest was breathing
Free and easy.
During the time of the boyars,
In ancient Russian order
The spirit was transferred!
There is no contradiction in anyone,
I will have mercy on whomever I want,
Whoever I want, I’ll execute.
The law is my desire!
The fist is my police!
The blow is sparkling,
The blow is tooth-breaking,
Hit the cheekbone!..”
Suddenly, like a string, it broke,
The landowner's speech stopped.
He looked down, frowned,
“Hey, Proshka! - shouted
He took a sip and in a soft voice
He said: “You know it yourself.”
Isn’t it possible without strictness?
But I punished - lovingly.
The great chain has broken -
Now let's not beat the peasant,
But it’s also fatherly
We don't have mercy on him.
Yes, I was strict on time,
However, more with affection
I attracted hearts.
I'm on Sunday Bright
With all my patrimony
I Christed myself!
Sometimes it gets covered
There is a huge table in the living room,
There are red eggs on it too,
And Easter and Easter cake!
My wife, grandmother,
Sons, even young ladies
They don’t hesitate, they kiss
With the last guy.
"Christ is risen!" - Truly! –
The peasants are breaking their fast.
They drink mash and wine...
Before every revered
Twelfth holiday
In my front rooms
The priest served the all-night vigil.
And to that home all-night vigil
Peasants were allowed
Pray - even break your forehead!
The sense of smell suffered
Knocked down from the estate
Baba clean the floors!
Yes, spiritual purity
Thus, it was saved
Spiritual kinship!
Isn’t that right, benefactors?”
- So! - the wanderers answered,
And you thought to yourself:
“You knocked them down with a stake, or what?”
Pray in the manor’s house?..”
“But I will say without bragging,
The man loved me!
In my Surma patrimony
The peasants are all contractors,
Sometimes they were bored at home,
Everything is on the wrong side
They will ask for time off in the spring...
You can't wait for autumn,
Wife, small children,
And they wonder and quarrel:
What kind of hotel should they like?
The peasants will bring it!
And exactly: on top of the corvée,
Canvas, eggs and livestock,
Everything for the landowner
It was collected from time immemorial -
Voluntary gifts
The peasants brought it to us!
From Kyiv - with jams,
From Astrakhan - with fish,
And the one who is more sufficient,
And with silk fabric:
Lo and behold, he kissed the lady's hand
And he delivers the package!
Children's toys, treats,
And to me, the gray-haired hawk moth,
Wine from St. Petersburg!
The robbers have found out the truth,
Probably not to Krivonogov,
He'll run to the Frenchman.
Here you can walk with them,
Let's talk brotherly
Wife with her own hand
He'll pour them a glass.
And the kids are small right there
Sucking gingerbread cookies
Let the idle listen
men's stories -
About their difficult trades,
About alien sides
About St. Petersburg, about Astrakhan,
About Kyiv, about Kazan...
So this is how, benefactors,
I lived with my patrimony,
Isn’t it good?..”
- Yes, it was for you, landowners,
Life is so enviable
Do not die!
“And everything passed! everything is over!..
Chu! death knell!..”
The wanderers listened
And exactly: from Kuzminsky
Through the morning air
Those sounds that ache your chest,
They rushed. - Rest in peace for the peasant
And the kingdom of heaven! –
The wanderers spoke
And everyone was baptized...
Gavrilo Afanasyevich
He took off his cap and devoutly
He also crossed himself:
“They are not calling for the peasant!
Through life according to the landowners
They're calling!.. Oh, life is wide!
Sorry, goodbye forever!
Farewell to landowner Rus'!
Now Rus' is not the same!
Hey, Proshka! (drank vodka
And he whistled)…
"It's not fun
Look how it has changed
Your face, unfortunate one
Native side!
Noble class
It's as if everything was hidden
Extinct! Where
You don't go, you get caught
Some peasants are drunk,
Excise officials
Poles in transit 66
Yes, stupid intermediaries 67.
Yes sometimes it will pass
Team. You'll guess:
Must have rebelled
In abundance of gratitude
Village somewhere!
And before that, what was rushing here?
Wheelchairs, three-piece chaises.
Dormezov gears!
The landowner's family rolls along -
The mothers here are respectable,
The daughters here are pretty
And frisky sons!
Singing bells
Of cooing bells
You'll listen to your heart's content.
What are you going to do to distract yourself today?
An outrageous picture
What a step - you are amazed:
Suddenly there was a whiff of a cemetery,
Well, that means we're getting closer.
To the estate... My God!
Disassembled brick by brick
A beautiful manor house,
And neatly folded
Bricks in the columns!
The extensive garden of the landowner,
Cherished for centuries,
Under the peasant's ax
All laid down, the man admires,
How much firewood came out!
The soul of a peasant is callous,
Will he think
Like the oak tree he has just felled,
My grandfather with his own hand
Did you ever plant it?
What's under that rowan tree?
Our kids frolicked
And Ganichka and Verochka,
Did you talk to me?
What's here, under this linden tree,
My wife confessed to me,
How heavy is she?
Gavryusha, our firstborn,
And hid it on my chest
Like a cherry reddened
A pretty face?..
It would be beneficial for him -
Radehonek landowners
Harass the estates!
It’s a shame to go through the village:
The man sits and doesn’t move,
Not noble pride -
You feel the bile in your chest.
There is no hunting horn in the forest
It sounds like a robber's axe,
^ They're being naughty!..what can you do?
By whom will you save the forest?..
Fields are unfinished,
Crops are not sown,
There is no trace of order!
Oh mother! oh homeland!
We are not sad about ourselves,
I feel sorry for you, dear.
You are like a sad widow,
You stand with your braid loose,
With an uncleaned face!..
Estates are being transferred
In return they are dispersed
Drinking houses!..
They give water to the dissolute people,
They are calling for zemstvo services,
They imprison you, teach you to read and write, -
He needs her!
All over you, Mother Rus',
Like the marks on a criminal,
Like a brand on a horse,
Two words are scrawled:
“Takeaway and drinking.”
To read them, peasant
Tricky Russian literacy
No need to teach!..
And we have the land left...
Oh, landowner's land!
You are not our mother, but our stepmother
Now... “Who ordered it? –
The idle scribblers scream, -
So extort, rape
Your nurse!
And I’ll say: “Who was waiting?” –
Oh! these preachers!
They shout: “Enough of the lordship!
Wake up, sleepy landowner!
Get up! - study! work hard!..”
Work hard! Who did you think
Read such a sermon!
I'm not a peasant lapotnik -
I am by God's grace
Russian nobleman!
Russia is not foreign
Our feelings are delicate,
We are proud!
Noble classes
We don't learn how to work.
We have a bad official
And he won’t sweep the floors,
The stove will not light...
I'll tell you without bragging,
I live almost forever
In the village for forty years,
And from an ear of rye
I can't tell the difference between barley.
And they sing to me: “Work!”
And if indeed
We misunderstood our duty
And our purpose
It’s not that the name is ancient,
Noble dignity
Willingly to support
Feasts, all kinds of luxury
And live by someone else's labor,
It should have been like this before
Say... What did I study?
What did I see around?..
I smoked God's heaven,
He wore royal livery.
Wasted the people's treasury
And I thought about living like this forever...
And suddenly... Righteous Lord!..”
The landowner began to cry...
The peasants are good-natured
Almost started crying too
Thinking to myself:
“The great chain has broken,
Torn - splintered
One way for the master,
Others don't care!..”
