Mtsyri draw up a quotation plan for the hero’s characteristics briefly. Essay “Characteristics of the main character Mtsyri

The poem “Mtsyri” was written absolutely in the spirit of M.Yu. Lermontov and reflects the main focus of the theme of the author’s entire work: romantic and rebellious moods, wanderings, the search for truth and meaning, the eternal desire for something new and exciting.

Mtsyri is a young monk who attempted to escape from service and begin a free life. It is important to note that he did not flee because he was treated poorly or had to live in unfavorable conditions. Quite the contrary, the monks saved him when he was still a boy and treated him with dignity. This is also evidenced by the fact that the young man became “one of his own” in the monastic society and was about to take a vow. But the inner rod cannot be bent, just as it is impossible to keep a free bird in a cage. So, Mtsyri flees from the monastery.

Three days in freedom allowed the young man to breathe life. This monk, who is a mountaineer by origin, met his element: the riot of nature, danger, the immense scale of fields and forests - only here can his bold rebellious spirit find harmony. Mtsyri was ready to give everything, just to live a life full of worries. He remembers native home, family and his childhood, and wants to revive life in his existence, because for a highlander there is no worse punishment than an ascetic life alone with himself and God. A person like Mtsyri is not able to sit still and put up with a calm, quiet way of life. Anxiety, worries, danger, passion are the sources of life for the highlander, and it is the craving for them that makes him decide on a desperate flight, which subsequently leads to the death of the young man.

Speaking about Mtsyri, a line from another poem by M.Yu. Lermontov comes to mind: “And he, the rebellious one, is looking for a storm...” Only Mtsyri, having found his storm, dies from it. But it is noteworthy that the young man would accept death with greater pleasure than a quiet, measured life.

Mtsyri

MTSYRI is the hero of M.Yu. Lermontov’s poem “Mtsyri” (1839; in the manuscript it is entitled “Be-ri”, which in Georgian means monk). The impetus for composing the poem was chance meeting, which occurred during Lermontov’s trip to the Caucasus. In Mukhet, the poet met an old monastery servant, from a conversation with whom he learned that he was a highlander, captured by General Ermolov as a child, ended up in a monastery, from where he tried to escape several times, but invariably returned back. M. is a man preparing to become a monk, a novice who is imprisoned within the monastery walls against his will. The young man is a born warrior, a ardent and freedom-loving soul. The contemplative life of the monastery is alien to him. He makes a desperate escape, as if from prison; wanders for a long time, almost dying. Finally, in the thicket of the forest, he meets a mighty leopard and beautifully fights with him. This, of course, is an echo of the Georgian epic “The Knight in the Leopard’s Skin.” Lermontov hardly knew Shota Rustaveli. But the oral presentation of the most poetic episode great poem It could very well have gotten to him. Apparently, this captured the poet’s imagination so much that in his rendering both the angry leopard and the brave young man seem equally beautiful. But the death of one of them is inevitable. The young man wins, but, wounded, he is found and returned to the monastery. He confesses to an old monk and dies, with his death expressing the dream of freedom that remained unfulfilled for him.

Lit.: Makogonenko G.P. Lermontov’s poem “Mtsyri” // Makogonenko G.P. Lermontov and Pushkin. L., 1987.

All characteristics in alphabetical order:

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It was not for nothing that the critic Belinsky called the poem “Mtsyri” Lermontov’s favorite brainchild, emphasizing that in it great poet reflected his cherished dreams and ideals. The poem is autobiographical in nature and contains subtle hints about the personality and fate of the poet himself.

Yes, the author and his hero are spiritually close to each other. The characteristics of Mtsyri and the story of his life allow us to notice direct analogies. Like Lermontov, Mtsyri is a bright, extraordinary nature, ready to challenge the whole world and rush into battle in the name of freedom and for the sake of finding a homeland. A quiet, measured life within the monastery walls, endless fasting and prayer, complete humility and refusal of any resistance is not for a young novice. In the same way, Lermontov refused the tame court poet, a sugary regular at balls and high-society drawing rooms. Mikhail Yuryevich hated the country of slaves and masters to the same extent as his Mtsyri stuffy cell and the entire way of monastic life. And both of them - the author and the fruit of his creation - were endlessly lonely, deprived of the happiness of being understood, of being close to a close, dear, beloved soul. Joy true friendship, the sweetness of real, devoted, mutual love, the opportunity to live where the heart yearns - all this passed them by, poisoning the soul with the bitterness of disappointment and the pain of unfulfilled hopes.

Romantic features of the poem

The hero of the poem is a vivid embodiment of Lermontov’s romantic worldview. In light of this, the characterization of Mtsyri, as well as the entire work, reflects the main features of this setting in a romantic work - exotic countries, far from the shackles of civilization and its corrupting influence. For Lermontov, this is the Caucasus, which in his work became a symbol of freedom. The life and customs of the mountaineers, sometimes wild and incomprehensible European consciousness, their tribal pride and belligerence, a heightened sense of honor and dignity, the power and pristine beauty of the mountains and all of the Caucasian nature captivated the poet back in early childhood and won your heart for life. And by a fateful play of chance, it was the Caucasus that became Mikhail Yuryevich’s second home, the place of his endless exiles and an inexhaustible source of creativity. So in the poem the whole plot takes place in Georgia, near the monastery that stood at the confluence of the Aragva and Kura.

Mtsyri's characterization includes the motif of rejection, misunderstanding on the one hand and pride, disobedience, challenge, struggle on the other, which is also typical of romantic works. The main character of the poem considers the years spent in the monastery to be wasted, lost, erased from life. Confessing to an old monk who once nursed him, an exhausted child, saved him from physical death, but condemned him to spiritual death, for he was unable to become either a father or a friend to him, and so, telling about what he saw and did in freedom during escape, Mtsyri noted: he would not regret three lives in the monastery for the sake of one, filled with action, movement, struggle and freedom.

The monks will never understand the young man. They spend their lives humbly bowing their heads in prayer and trust in the Lord. The hero relies on himself, on his strengths and capabilities. An indicative characteristic of Mtsyri is that he escapes from his prison during a terrible thunderstorm, and the rampant nature of the elements pleases him, for him the storm is his sister, while the monks pray in horror for salvation. And the fight with the leopard, taken by Lermontov from mountain legends (also an element of romanticism - a connection with folklore) and “The Knight in tiger skin" Rustaveli, already brilliantly rethought and reworked, surprisingly organically fits into the content of the work and helps to reveal the best personality traits of the young man. Here there is courage, and amazing courage, self-control, faith in one’s strengths and capabilities and testing them for strength, a complete fusion of a proud, rebellious spirit with the same rebellious nature. Without the episode “Fight with the Leopard,” the characterization of the hero Mtsyri would be incomplete, and his image itself would not be fully revealed.

What else, besides freedom, does a young man dream of? First of all, find your family, hug your relatives, find yourself under the roof of your father’s house. He dreams of his father and brothers, and recalls echoes of the lullaby that his mother once sang. In his dreams, he sees smoke over his native village, hears the guttural speech of his people. In fact, this is what constitutes the basis, the spiritual core of every person: family, home, native language And motherland. Take away one thing and a person will feel orphaned. And Mtsyri was deprived of everything - and right away! But it is important for Lermontov that he saved his memories, kept them within himself as his most precious and intimate. Just as Lermontov himself cherished and cherished the image in the depths of his heart people's Russia with its boundless forests, sea-like rivers and white birches on the hillock.

Hero and time

His poems make it clear: it was no coincidence that the author gave Mtsyri only three days of bright, eventful, full-blooded life. The time had not yet come for rebels of this kind, just as the poet himself was far ahead of his era. Society, being in spiritual despondency after the defeat of the Decembrists and the death of Pushkin, could not rise to fight during the rampant reaction. And rare loners like Mtsyri were doomed to death. After all, the hero of the time, the portrait of a whole generation of Lermontov’s contemporaries, was not the mountain youth, but Pechorin, Grushnitsky, Doctor Werner - “ extra people", disappointed in life or playing at it.

And yet, it was Mtsyri who became the embodiment of the poet’s romantic ideals, a symbol of a bright, purposeful personality who is ready to burn in an instant, but brightly, and not to smolder as a worthless firebrand for many years.

Plan

1. The originality of Lermontov’s talent

2.The meaning of the title of the poem

3. General characteristics of the main character

4. “Real life” in Mtsyri’s understanding

5. The fight with the leopard and the whole life

The peculiarity of Lermontov's talent is that until the end of his short life he continued to compose works, both romantic and realistic. And it is very difficult to separate both of these principles in Lermontov’s work. He only became a realist, but did not cease to be a romantic. And the poem “Mtsyri” is a clear confirmation of this.

Of course this poem is romantic work. Even ultra-romantic. Eat tragic story in the past, there is mysterious disappearance from the monastery, there is a passionate story before death. What else do you need to make an impression? The title of the poem itself is also the name of the main character. Translated from Georgian, it indicates a novice. For someone who has given up worldly life and is preparing to take monastic vows.

The author hardly characterizes Mtsyri himself. If he does this, it is literally in a few words. For example, he compares it to a sprout that sprouted in prison, but was never able to grow there. For this reason, Mtsyri did not take monastic vows after obedience. He chose to escape from the monastery under cover of darkness. And the reason is obvious - his distant homeland called him. He remembered her vaguely, if he remembered her at all. Later, when they find him, exhausted and half-dead, and bring him back, they ask: what did he do all these days and nights of wandering? And they get the answer: “He lived!” A very short and at the same time precise answer. Could he have answered otherwise? After all, the grass was his cradle, the tree branches twisted his cover, and the sunny and starry sky shone above his head. And even despite the fight with the leopard, from which Mtsyri emerged victorious, the feeling of natural harmony did not leave him.

Mtsyri even managed to feel a semblance of love when he secretly watched a Georgian woman going down to the stream to get water. He is a man of subtle nature, observant and vigilant. The fight with the leopard is the culmination of the whole story. Of course, there is an element of exaggeration here. Not every hunter can handle it with his bare hands. a beast of prey, where is a weak novice? But Mtsyri mobilizes all his forces - external and internal. There is no time for romanticism here - the instinct of self-preservation and thirst for life are triggered. In humans it turns out to be stronger. Yes, it’s a pity that, as we grow older, we raise our eyes to the sky less and less often. It can provide answers to many questions. Or at least makes you think about the meaning of life, about its transience...

Once upon a time a Russian general

I drove from the mountains to Tiflis;

He was carrying a prisoner child.

These well-known lines begin the story about Mtsyri, a captive highlander who became a symbol of a free and rebellious spirit. In a few lines, Lermontov describes his childhood and youth. The captive Mtsyri was taken from his native mountains to Russia, but on the way he fell ill. One of the monks took pity on Mtsyri, sheltered him, cured him and raised him. Already this condensed narrative about the past allows us to understand a lot about the character of the hero. A serious illness and trials developed a “mighty spirit” in the child. He grew up unsociable, without communication with his peers, never complaining about his fate, but also not trusting his dreams to anyone. Thus, from childhood, two main motives that are important for characterizing Mtsyri can be traced: the motive strong spirit and at the same time - a weak body.
The hero is “weak and flexible, like a reed,” but he endures his suffering proudly; it is amazing that “not even a faint groan / came out of the child’s lips.”

Time passes, Mtsyri grows up and is about to accept her new destiny. The monks are preparing him for tonsure. In this stanza, Lermontov says something very important for understanding the hero: “... he got used to captivity.” Mtsyri really looks resigned, he has learned a foreign language, absorbed foreign - monastic traditions, and intends to take a vow of humility and obedience. But it is not true humility that speaks here in Mtsyri, but only ignorance of another life: “I am unfamiliar with the noisy light.” To awaken him, a shock is needed, and then a storm breaks out. On a stormy night, while the monks tremble at the altars, fearing the wrath of God, Mtsyri leaves his prison. This is how the hero’s spiritual rebirth takes place, this is how he unleashes that passion, that fire, which, as he himself later admits, “from my young days, / melted, lived in my chest.” And now the characteristics of the main character Lermontov Mtsyri are the characteristics of a rebel hero who dared to rebel against the usual society, the usual world order.

The further lines of the poem tell us exactly about this Mtsyri, about the liberated Mtsyri.
He found himself free, and everything here was new to him. Mtsyri reacts to the wild, untouched Caucasian region surrounding him in a way that only a completely natural person can react. He deeply experiences the beauty of the world around him. The trees crowded together as if in a dance, the dew on the leaves reminiscent of tears, the golden shadow of midday - nothing escapes his attentive gaze. Let us pay attention to how many diminutive words Mtsyri uses to describe nature: “cloud”, “smoke”, “light”. “With his eyes and soul” he drowns in the blue of the sky, finding in this a peace unknown to him within the monastery walls. In these scenes, Lermontov shows that everyone is available to Mtsyri human feelings. He is not only a wild highlander, as the monks believed him to be. Both a poet and a philosopher are hidden in his soul, but these feelings can only manifest themselves in freedom. He also knows love, love for his homeland and lost loved ones. Mtsyri experiences memories of his father and sisters as something sacred and precious. Mtsyri also meets a girl, a young Georgian woman who has gone down to fetch water. Her beauty shocks the hero, and, experiencing a meeting with her first in reality and then in a dream, he languishes with “sweet melancholy.” It is quite possible that Mtsyri could be happy in love, but he cannot give up his goal. The path to his homeland calls him, and Mtsyri continues his journey to the Caucasus.

Characteristics of the main character Mtsyri - briefly about Lermontov’s hero for an essay on the topic |