Brief information about the origin of the Tatar people. Basic theories of the origin of the Tatar people
During the Great Patriotic War Soviet people showed unparalleled heroism and became Once again an example of self-sacrifice in the name of Victory. The Red Army soldiers and partisans did not spare themselves in battle with the enemy. However, there were cases when victory was achieved not by strength and courage, but by cunning and ingenuity.
Winch against an impregnable bunker
During the battle for Novorossiysk, Marine Stepan Shchuka, a descendant of Kerch fishermen who had been fishing in the Black Sea for generations, served and fought on the Malaya Zemlya bridgehead.
Thanks to his ingenuity, the soldiers managed to take the enemy bunker (long-term firing point), which had previously seemed impregnable, without losses. It was a stone house with thick walls, the paths to which were blocked with barbed wire. On the “thorn” were hung empty cans, rattling with every touch.
All attempts to take the bunker by force ended in failure - the assault groups suffered losses from machine gun, mortar and artillery fire and were forced to retreat. Stepan was able to get a winch with a cable, and at night, quietly approaching the wire fences, he attached this cable to them. And when he returned back, he set the mechanism into action.
When the Germans saw the crawling barrier, they first opened heavy fire, and then ran out of the house completely. Here they were captured. Later they said that when they saw the crawling barrier, they were afraid that they were dealing with evil spirits, and panicked. The fortification was taken without losses.
Turtle saboteurs
Another incident occurred on the same “Malaya Zemlya”. There were many turtles in that area. One day, one of the fighters came up with the idea of tying a tin can to one of them and releasing the amphibian towards the German fortifications.
Hearing the strumming, the Germans thought that the Red Army soldiers were cutting the wire fences on which empty cans, and for about two hours they spent ammunition, shooting at an area where there was not a single soldier.
The next night, our fighters sent dozens of these amphibious “saboteurs” towards enemy positions. The sound of cans in the absence of a visible enemy gave the Germans no rest, and they for a long time spent great amount ammunition of all calibers, fighting off non-existent enemies.
Mine detonation several hundred kilometers away
The name of Ilya Grigorievich Starinov is inscribed as a separate line in the history of the Russian army. Having gone through the Civil, Spanish, Soviet-Finnish and Great Patriotic Wars, he immortalized himself as a unique partisan and saboteur. It was he who created simple but extremely effective mines for blowing up German trains. Under his leadership, hundreds of demolitionists were trained, who turned the rear German army into a trap. But his most outstanding sabotage was the destruction of Lieutenant General Georg Braun, who commanded the 68th Wehrmacht Infantry Division.
When our troops, retreating, left Kharkov, the military and directly the first secretary of the Kyiv regional committee of the CPSU (b) Nikita Khrushchev insisted that the house in which Nikita Sergeevich lived in the city on Dzerzhinsky Street be mined. He knew that German officers from the command, when stationed in occupied cities, were accommodated with maximum comfort, and his house was perfectly suited for these purposes.
Ilya Starinov and a group of sappers planted very powerful bomb, which was activated by a radio signal. The fighters dug a 2-meter well right in the room and planted a mine with equipment there. To prevent the Germans from finding it, they “hid” another decoy mine in another corner of the boiler room, poorly disguised.
A couple of weeks later, when the Germans had already completely occupied Kharkov, the explosives were activated. The signal for the explosion was sent all the way from Voronezh, the distance to which was 330 kilometers. All that was left of the mansion was a crater; several German officers were killed, including the aforementioned Georg Braun.
The Russians have become insolent and are shooting at barns
Many actions of the Red Army soldiers during the Great Patriotic War caused German troops surprise, close to shock. Chancellor Otto von Bismarck is credited with the phrase: “Never fight the Russians. They will respond to your every military stratagem with unpredictable stupidity.”
The multiple launch rocket systems, which our soldiers affectionately nicknamed “Katyushas,” fired M-8 shells of 82 mm caliber and M-13 shells of 132 mm caliber. Later, more powerful modifications of these ammunition began to be used - 300 mm caliber rockets under the designation M-30.
Guide devices for such projectiles were not provided on vehicles, and launchers were made for them, on which, in fact, only the angle of inclination was adjusted. The shells were placed on the installations either in one row or in two, and directly in the factory shipping packaging, which contained 4 shells in a row. To launch, all that was needed was to connect the projectiles to a dynamo with a rotating handle, which initiated the ignition of the propellant charge.
Sometimes due to inattention, and sometimes simply due to negligence, without reading the instructions, our artillerymen forgot to remove wooden supports for shells from the packaging, and they flew to enemy positions right in the packages. The dimensions of the packages reached two meters, which is why there were rumors among the Germans that the completely insolent Russians were “shooting at barns.”
With an ax on a tank
An equally incredible event occurred in the summer of 1941 on the North-Western Front. When units of the 8th Panzer Division of the Third Reich surrounded our troops, one of the German tanks drove to the edge of the forest, where its crew saw a smoking field kitchen. It was smoking not because it was damaged, but because wood was burning in the stove, and soldiers’ porridge and soup were being cooked in cauldrons. The Germans did not notice anyone nearby. Then their commander got out of the car to get some provisions. But at that moment a Red Army soldier appeared out of the ground and rushed towards him with an ax in one hand and a rifle in the other.
The tankman quickly jumped back, closed the hatch and began shooting at our soldier with a machine gun. But it was too late - the fighter was too close and was able to escape from the fire. Having climbed onto the enemy vehicle, he began to hit the machine gun with an ax until he bent its barrel. After this, the cook covered the observation gaps with a rag and began to hammer with an ax on the tower itself. He was alone, but he resorted to a trick - he began shouting to supposedly nearby comrades to quickly carry anti-tank grenades in order to blow up the tank if the Germans did not surrender.
In a matter of seconds, the hatch of the tank opened and raised hands poked out. Pointing a rifle at the enemy, the Red Army soldier forced the crew members to tie each other up, after which he ran to stir the cooking food, which could burn. His fellow soldiers who returned to the edge of the forest, having successfully repelled the enemy attack by that time, found him: he was peacefully stirring porridge, and four captured Germans were sitting next to him and their tank was standing nearby.
The soldiers remained well fed, and the cook received a medal. The hero's name was Ivan Pavlovich Sereda. He went through the entire war and was awarded more than once.
The war demanded courage from people, and heroism was massive. 5 impressive battle stories in which you can appreciate the resilience and courage of the heroes of the Second World War.
On July 13, 1941, in battles near the city of Balti, while delivering ammunition to his company near the town of Arctic Fox, the riding machine gun company of the 389th Infantry Regiment of the 176th Infantry Division of the 9th Army of the Southern Front, Red Army soldier D. R. Ovcharenko was surrounded by a detachment of soldiers and enemy officers numbering 50 people. At the same time, the enemy managed to take possession of his rifle. However, D. R. Ovcharenko was not taken aback and, grabbing an ax from the cart, cut off the head of the officer who was interrogating him, threw 3 grenades at the enemy soldiers, destroying 21 soldiers. The rest fled in panic. He then caught up with the second officer and also cut off his head. The third officer managed to escape. After which he collected documents and maps from the dead and arrived at the company along with the cargo. (A copy of the document confirming Ovcharenko’s feat is on wikipedia.org)
Unfortunately, the hero did not live to see the Victory. In the battles for the liberation of Hungary in the area of the Sheregeyesh station, the machine gunner of the 3rd Tank Brigade, Private D. R. Ovcharenko, was seriously wounded. He died in hospital from his wounds on January 28, 1945. Awarded the Order of Lenin.
Under the onslaught of Heinz Guderian's 4th Panzer Division, commanded by von Langerman, units of the 13th Army retreated, and with them Sirotinin's regiment. On July 17, 1941, the battery commander decided to leave one gun with a two-man crew and 60 rounds of ammunition at the bridge over the Dobrost River at the 476th kilometer of the Moscow-Warsaw highway to cover the retreat with the task of delaying the tank column. One of the crew numbers was the battalion commander himself; Nikolai Sirotinin volunteered second.
The gun was camouflaged on a hill in thick rye; the position allowed a good view of the highway and bridge. When a column of German armored vehicles appeared at dawn, Nikolai with the first shot knocked out the lead tank that had reached the bridge, and with the second - the armored personnel carrier that trailed the column, thereby creating a traffic jam. The battery commander was wounded and, since the combat mission was completed, retreated towards the Soviet positions. However, Sirotinin refused to retreat, since the cannon still had a significant number of unexpended shells.
The Germans attempted to clear the jam by dragging the damaged tank from the bridge with two other tanks, but they were also hit. An armored vehicle that tried to ford the river got stuck in a swampy bank, where it was destroyed. For a long time the Germans were unable to determine the location of the well-camouflaged gun; they believed that a whole battery was fighting them. The battle lasted two and a half hours, during which time 11 tanks, 6 armored vehicles, 57 soldiers and officers were destroyed.
By the time Nikolai's position was discovered, he had only three shells left. When asked to surrender, Sirotinin refused and fired from his carbine to the last.
Awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree (posthumously). N.V. Sirotinin was never nominated for the title of Hero Soviet Union. According to relatives, a photograph was needed to complete the documents, but the only photograph the relatives had was lost during the evacuation.
“July 7, 1941. Sokolnichi, near Krichev. In the evening, an unknown Russian soldier was buried. He stood alone at the cannon, shot at a column of tanks and infantry for a long time, and died. Everyone was surprised at his courage... Oberst said before his grave that if all the Fuhrer’s soldiers fought like this Russian, they would conquer the whole world. They fired rifle volleys three times...” From the diary of Chief Lieutenant of the 4th Panzer Division Friedrich Hoenfeld
One of beautiful legends during the Second World War, it tells about a Red Army soldier named Vataman from such an assault unit, who in 1944 killed 10 Nazi soldiers in hand-to-hand combat with a faulty cartridge. According to one version - 10, according to another - 9, according to the third - 8, according to the fourth - 13 in total. Be that as it may, in the article “Engineer Assault Units of the RVGK” I. Mshchansky talks about 10 Nazis.
Of course, like any legend, the Vataman phenomenon has critics who claim that the Faustpatron is too heavy to fight effectively, and the warhead would simply fall off from the blows. There are several thoughts in the discussion on WarHistory that seem rational.
The first is that in hand-to-hand combat the fighter used the Faust cartridge after firing it. That is, in fact, I only used a pipe that weighs several kg. The Panzerfaust launch tube has a diameter of 15 cm and a length of 1 m, and the projectile weighs 3 kg. For hand-to-hand combat it is quite a suitable weapon.
And for a photograph after the battle, he picked up an entire Faust cartridge. In addition, dr_guillotin also notes that the grenade in the pipe is held by a pin by the ears - so it will not fall out in hand-to-hand combat. In general, faust cartridges were stored separately from fuses. They were inserted shortly before use, and without a fuse you can even throw it from the third floor...
The second thought is that the whole event did not happen in one fell swoop, as in action films, where they scatter a bunch of enemies at once, but sequentially throughout the battle. After all, the fighter Vataman fought “half of Europe”, and his opponents, urgently mobilized into the militia, only took up arms a few days ago. And in the stupor of the first battle, they were not very formidable opponents.
But in any case, this is an impressive combat story. And Vataman himself looks real epic hero- his wide palms reveal him to be a natural strongman. In my opinion, this case can also, in principle, be classified as “one at the gun”... In the end, the Faustpatron is, although not a cannon, but a small anti-tank weapon.
Yes, by the way, I can add that although the name of the daredevil remains unknown, the surname of our hero speaks of his Moldavian roots.
Here we will talk not so much about individual, how much about the team - the crew of the KV-1 tank, led by senior lieutenant Zinovy Grigorievich Kolobanov. In addition to the commander, the crew included driver-mechanic foreman N. Nikiforov, gun commander senior sergeant A. Usov, radio operator-machine gunner senior sergeant P. Kiselnikov and junior driver-mechanic Red Army soldier N. Rodnikov.
So, this heroic crew, in just three hours of battle, on August 19, 1941, destroyed as many as 22 enemy tanks! This is an absolute record for the entire Great Patriotic War, and subsequent wars. No one was able to destroy 22 tanks in three hours. After the “debriefing” it turned out that the battle was carried out in accordance with all the then accepted rules of military art.
The tankers acted very smartly: on a tank column passing along the nearest road, they shot the “head” and “tail”, after which they began to methodically, like in a shooting range, shoot the stuck “iron beasts” of the enemy. Let us note that the tank of our heroes received 135 hits from German shells. At the same time, the tank continued the battle, and nothing in its design failed.
The crew of the KV-1, senior lieutenant Z. Kolobanov (center) at their combat vehicle. August 1941 (CMVS)
On October 16, 1943, the battalion in which Manshuk Mametova served received an order to repel an enemy counterattack. As soon as the Nazis tried to repel the attack, Senior Sergeant Mametova’s machine gun started working. The Nazis rolled back, leaving hundreds of corpses. Several fierce attacks of the Nazis had already been drowned out at the foot of the hill. Suddenly the girl noticed that two neighboring machine guns had fallen silent - the machine gunners had been killed. Then Manshuk, quickly crawling from one firing point to another, began to fire at the advancing enemies from three machine guns.
The enemy transferred mortar fire to the position of the resourceful girl. A nearby explosion of a heavy mine knocked over the machine gun behind which Manshuk lay. Wounded in the head, the machine gunner lost consciousness for some time, but the triumphant cries of the approaching Nazis forced her to wake up. Instantly moving to a nearby machine gun, Manshuk lashed out with a shower of lead at the chains of the fascist warriors. And again the enemy’s attack failed. This ensured the successful advancement of our units, but the girl from distant Urda remained lying on the hillside. Her fingers froze on the Maxima trigger.
On March 1, 1944, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, senior sergeant Manshuk Zhiengalievna Mametova was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Eternal glory to the heroes who fell in battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland...
Imagine trying to save a blind man from a burning building, walking step by step through searing flames and smoke. Now imagine that you are blind too. Jim Sherman, born blind, heard his 85-year-old neighbor's cries for help when she was trapped in her burning house. He found his way, moving along the fence. Once he got to the woman's house, he somehow managed to get inside and find his neighbor Annie Smith, who was also blind. Sherman pulled Smith from the fire and took her to safety.
Skydiving instructors sacrificed everything to save their students
Few people will survive a fall of several hundred meters. But two women did it thanks to the dedication of two men. The first gave his life to save a man whom he saw for the first time in his life.
Skydiving instructor Robert Cook and his student Kimberley Dear were about to make their first jump when the plane's engine failed. Cook told the girl to sit on his lap and tied their belts together. As the plane crashed to the ground, Cook's body bore the brunt of the impact, killing the man but leaving Kimberly alive.
Another skydiving instructor, Dave Hartstock, also saved his student from being hit. This was Shirley Dygert's first jump, and she jumped with an instructor. Diegert's parachute did not open. During the fall, Hartstock managed to get under the girl, softening the blow to the ground. Dave Hartstock injured his spine, the injury paralyzed his body from the neck down, but both survived.
Mere mortal Joe Rollino (pictured above) performed incredible, inhuman things during his 104-year life. Although he only weighed about 68 kg, in his prime he could lift 288 kg with his fingers and 1,450 kg with his back, for which he won various competitions several times. However, not the title “Most strong man in the world" made him a hero.
During World War II, Rollino served in the Pacific and received a Bronze and Silver Star for bravery in the line of duty, as well as three Purple Hearts for battle wounds that left him in the hospital for a total of 2 years. He carried away 4 of his comrades from the battlefield, two in each hand, and also returned to the thick of the battle for the rest.
Fatherly love can inspire superhuman feats, and this was proven by two fathers on opposite sides of the world.
In Florida, Joeph Welch came to the aid of his six-year-old son when an alligator grabbed the boy's arm. Forgetting about his own safety, Welch hit the alligator, trying to force it to open its mouth. Then a passerby arrived and began punching the alligator in the stomach until the animal finally let go of the boy.
In Mutoko, Zimbabwe, another father saved his son from a crocodile when it attacked him in a river. Father Tafadzwa Kacher began poking reeds into the animal's eyes and mouth until his son ran away. Then the crocodile targeted the man. Tafadzwa had to gouge out the animal's eyes. The boy lost his leg in the attack, but he will be able to tell of his father's superhuman bravery.
Two ordinary women lifted cars to save loved ones
Not only men are capable of demonstrating superhuman abilities in critical situations. The daughter and mother showed that women can be heroes too, especially when a loved one is in danger.
In Virginia, a 22-year-old girl saved her father when the jack slipped from under the BMW he was working under and the car fell onto the man's chest. There was no time to wait for help, the young woman lifted the car and moved it, then performed artificial respiration on her father.
In Georgia, a jack also slipped and a 1,350-pound Chevrolet Impala fell onto young man. Without help, his mother Angela Cavallo lifted the car and held it for five minutes until neighbors pulled her son out.
Superhuman abilities are not only strength and courage, but also the ability to think quickly and act in an emergency.
In New Mexico, a school bus driver suffered a seizure, putting children in danger. A girl waiting for the bus noticed that something had happened to the driver and called her mother. The woman, Rhonda Carlsen, immediately took action. She ran next to the bus and, using gestures, asked one of the children to open the door. After that, she jumped inside, grabbed the steering wheel and stopped the bus. Thanks to her quick reaction, none of the schoolchildren were injured, not to mention people passing by.
A truck and trailer drove along the edge of a cliff in the dead of night. The cab of a large truck stopped right above the cliff, with the driver inside. A young man came to the rescue, he broke the window and pulled the man out with his bare hands.
This happened in New Zealand in the Waioeka Gorge on October 5, 2008. The hero was 18-year-old Peter Hanne, who was at home when he heard the crash. Without thinking about his own safety, he climbed onto the balancing car, jumped into the narrow gap between the cab and the trailer, and broke the rear window. He carefully helped the injured driver out as the truck swayed under his feet.
In 2011 for this heroic deed Hanne was awarded the New Zealand Medal for bravery.
War is full of heroes who risk their lives to save their fellow soldiers. In the movie Forrest Gump we saw how fictional character saved several of his colleagues, even after he was wounded. In real life, you can find a more abrupt plot.
Take, for example, the story of Robert Ingram, who received the Medal of Honor. In 1966, during an enemy siege, Ingram continued to fight and save his comrades even after he was shot three times: in the head (which left him partially blind and deaf in one ear), in the arm, and in the left knee. Despite his wounds, he continued to kill North Vietnamese soldiers who attacked his unit.
Aquaman is nothing compared to Shavarsh Karapetyan, who saved 20 people from a sinking bus in 1976.
The Armenian speed swimming champion was jogging with his brother when a bus with 92 passengers left the road and fell into the water 24 meters from the shore. Karapetyan dived, kicked out the window and began to pull out people who were by that time in cold water at a depth of 10 m. They say that it took 30 seconds for each person he saved, he saved one after another until he lost consciousness in the cold and dark water. As a result, 20 people survived.
But Karapetyan’s exploits did not end there. Eight years later, he saved several people from a burning building, suffering severe burns in the process. Karapetyan received the Order of the USSR Badge of Honor and several other awards for underwater rescue. But he himself claimed that he was not a hero at all, he simply did what he had to do.
A man takes off a helicopter to save his colleague
The TV show site turned into the scene of a tragedy when a helicopter popular series Magnum PI crashed into a drainage ditch in 1988.
During landing, the helicopter suddenly tilted, went out of control and fell to the ground, while the whole thing was captured on film. One of the pilots, Steve Kux, was pinned under the helicopter in shallow water. And then Warren “Tiny” Everal ran up and picked up the helicopter from Kax. It was a Hughes 500D, which weighs at least 703kg empty. Everal's quick reactions and superhuman strength saved Kax from being pinned in the water by a helicopter. Although the pilot injured his left arm, he escaped death thanks to a local Hawaiian hero.
The exploits of Soviet heroes that we will never forget.
Roman Smishchuk. In one battle, destroyed 6 enemy tanks with hand grenades
For ordinary Ukrainian Roman Smishchuk, that battle was his first. In an effort to destroy the company that had taken up a perimeter defense, the enemy brought 16 tanks into battle. At this critical moment, Smishchuk showed exceptional courage: letting the enemy tank come close, he knocked out its chassis with a grenade, and then threw a bottle with a Molotov cocktail and set it on fire. Running from trench to trench, Roman Smishchuk attacked the tanks, running out to meet them, and in this way destroyed six tanks one after another. The company personnel, inspired by Smishchuk’s feat, successfully broke through the ring and joined their regiment. For his feat, Roman Semenovich Smishchuk was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal. Roman Smishchuk died on October 29, 1969, and was buried in the village of Kryzhopol, Vinnytsia region.
Vanya Kuznetsov. The youngest holder of 3 Orders of Glory
Ivan Kuznetsov went to the front at the age of 14. Vanya received his first medal “For Courage” at the age of 15 for his exploits in the battles for the liberation of Ukraine. He reached Berlin, showing courage beyond his years in a number of battles. For this, at the age of 17, Kuznetsov became the youngest a complete gentleman Order of Glory of all three levels. Died January 21, 1989.
Georgy Sinyakov. Saved hundreds from captivity Soviet soldiers according to the Count of Monte Cristo system
The Soviet surgeon was captured during the battles for Kyiv and, as a captured doctor at a concentration camp in Küstrin (Poland), saved hundreds of prisoners: being a member of the camp underground, he drew up documents in the concentration camp hospital for them as dead and organized escapes. Most often, Georgy Fedorovich Sinyakov used imitation of death: he taught patients to pretend to be dead, declared death, the “corpse” was taken out with other truly dead people and thrown into a ditch nearby, where the prisoner was “resurrected.” In particular, Dr. Sinyakov saved the life and helped pilot Anna Egorova, Hero of the Soviet Union, who was shot down in August 1944 near Warsaw, escape from the plan. Sinyakov lubricated her purulent wounds with fish oil and a special ointment, which made the wounds look fresh, but in fact healed well. Then Anna recovered and, with the help of Sinyakov, escaped from the concentration camp.
Matvey Putilov. At the age of 19, at the cost of his life, he connected the ends of a broken wire, restoring the telephone line between the headquarters and a detachment of fighters
In October 1942, the 308th Infantry Division fought in the area of the factory and the workers' village "Barricades". On October 25, there was a breakdown in communication and Guard Major Dyatleko ordered Matvey to restore the wired telephone connection connecting the regiment headquarters with a group of soldiers who were holding a house surrounded by the enemy for the second day. Two previous unsuccessful attempts to restore communications ended in the death of the signalmen. Putilov was wounded in the shoulder by a mine fragment. Overcoming the pain, he crawled to the site of the broken wire, but was wounded a second time: his arm was crushed. Losing consciousness and unable to use his hand, he squeezed the ends of the wires with his teeth, and a current passed through his body. Communication was restored. He died with the ends of telephone wires clenched in his teeth.
Marionella Koroleva. Carried 50 seriously wounded soldiers from the battlefield
19-year-old actress Gulya Koroleva voluntarily went to the front in 1941 and ended up in a medical battalion. In November 1942, during the battle for height 56.8 in the area of the Panshino farm, Gorodishchensky district (Volgograd region of the Russian Federation), Gulya literally carried 50 seriously wounded soldiers from the battlefield. And then, when the moral strength of the fighters dried up, she herself went on the attack, where she was killed. Songs were written about Guli Koroleva’s feat, and her dedication was an example for millions of Soviet girls and boys. Her name is carved in gold on the banner military glory on Mamayev Kurgan, a village in the Sovetsky district of Volgograd and a street are named after her. E. Ilyina’s book “The Fourth Height” is dedicated to Gula Koroleva
Koroleva Marionella (Gulya), Soviet film actress, heroine of the Great Patriotic War
Vladimir Khazov. A tanker who alone destroyed 27 enemy tanks
On personal account young officer 27 destroyed enemy tanks. For services to the Motherland, Khazov was awarded highest award- in November 1942 he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. He especially distinguished himself in the battle in June 1942, when Khazov received an order to stop an advancing enemy tank column, consisting of 30 vehicles, near the village of Olkhovatka (Kharkov region, Ukraine) while senior lieutenant Khazov’s platoon had only 3 combat vehicles. The commander made a bold decision: let the column pass and start firing from the rear. Three T-34s opened aimed fire at the enemy, positioning themselves at the tail of the enemy column. From frequent and accurate shots, German tanks caught fire one after another. In this battle, which lasted a little more than an hour, not a single enemy vehicle survived, and the platoon in full force returned to the battalion's location. As a result of the fighting in the Olkhovatka area, the enemy lost 157 tanks and stopped their attacks in this direction.
Alexander Mamkin. The pilot who evacuated 10 children at the cost of his life
During the air evacuation operation of children from Polotsk orphanage No. 1, whom the Nazis wanted to use as blood donors for their soldiers, Alexander Mamkin made a flight that we will always remember. On the night of April 10-11, 1944, ten children, their teacher Valentina Latko and two wounded partisans fit into his R-5 plane. At first everything went well, but when approaching the front line, Mamkin’s plane was shot down. The R-5 was burning... If Mamkin had been alone on board, he would have gained altitude and jumped out with a parachute. But he was not flying alone and drove the plane further... The flame reached the pilot's cabin. The temperature melted his flight goggles, he flew the plane almost blindly, overcoming the hellish pain, he still stood firmly between the children and death. Mamkin was able to land the plane on the shore of the lake, he was able to get out of the cockpit and asked: “Are the children alive?” And I heard the voice of the boy Volodya Shishkov: “Comrade pilot, don’t worry! I opened the door, everyone is alive, let’s get out...” Then Mamkin lost consciousness, a week later he died... The doctors were still unable to explain how a man could drive the car and even land it safely, whose glasses had been fused into his face, and only his legs remained bones.
Alexey Maresyev. Test pilot who returned to the front and combat missions after amputation of both legs
On April 4, 1942, in the area of the so-called “Demyansk Pocket”, during an operation to cover bombers in a battle with the Germans, Maresyev’s plane was shot down. For 18 days, the pilot wounded in the legs, first on crippled legs, and then crawled his way to the front line, eating tree bark, pine cones and berries. Due to gangrene, his legs were amputated. But while still in the hospital, Alexey Maresyev began training, preparing to fly with prostheses. In February 1943, he made his first test flight after being wounded. I managed to get sent to the front. July 20, 1943 Alexey Maresyev during an air battle with superior forces Saved 2 enemy lives Soviet pilots and shot down two enemy Fw.190 fighters at once. In total, during the war he made 86 combat missions and shot down 11 enemy aircraft: four before being wounded and seven after being wounded.
Rosa Shanina. One of the most formidable lone snipers of the Great Patriotic War
Rosa Shanina - Soviet single sniper of a separate platoon of female snipers of the 3rd Belorussian Front, holder of the Order of Glory; one of the first female snipers to receive this award. She was known for her ability to accurately fire at moving targets with a doublet - two shots in succession. Rosa Shanina’s account records 59 confirmed killed enemy soldiers and officers. The young girl became a symbol of the Patriotic War. Her name is associated with many stories and legends that inspired new heroes to glorious deeds. She died on January 28, 1945 during the East Prussian operation, protecting the seriously wounded commander of an artillery unit.
Nikolai Skorokhodov. Flew 605 combat missions. Personally shot down 46 enemy aircraft.
Soviet fighter pilot Nikolai Skorokhodov went through all levels of aviation during the war - he was a pilot, senior pilot, flight commander, deputy commander and squadron commander. He fought on the Transcaucasian, North Caucasian, Southwestern and 3rd Ukrainian fronts. During this time, he made more than 605 combat missions, conducted 143 air combat, personally shot down 46 and 8 enemy aircraft in the group, and also destroyed 3 bombers on the ground. Thanks to his unique skill, Skomorokhov was never wounded, his plane did not burn, was not shot down, and did not receive a single hole during the entire war.
Dzhulbars. Mine detection dog, participant of the Great Patriotic War, the only dog awarded the medal “For Military Merit”
From September 1944 to August 1945, taking part in mine clearance in Romania, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Austria, a working dog named Julbars discovered 7468 mines and more than 150 shells. Thus, architectural masterpieces Prague, Vienna and other cities have survived to this day thanks to the phenomenal instinct of Julbars. The dog also helped the sappers who cleared the grave of Taras Shevchenko in Kanev and St. Vladimir Cathedral in Kyiv. On March 21, 1945, for the successful completion of a combat mission, Dzhulbars was awarded the medal “For Military Merit.” This is the only time during the war that a dog received a military award. For his military services, Dzhulbars participated in the Victory Parade, held on Red Square on June 24, 1945.
Dzhulbars, a mine-detecting dog, a participant in the Great Patriotic War
Already at 7.00 on May 9, the “Our Victory” telethon begins, and the evening will end with a grandiose festive concert"VICTORY. ONE FOR ALL”, which will start at 20.30. The concert was attended by Svetlana Loboda, Irina Bilyk, Natalya Mogilevskaya, Zlata Ognevich, Victor Pavlik, Olga Polyakova and others popular stars Ukrainian stage.
Modernity, with its measure of success in the form of monetary units, gives rise to more heroes scandalous gossip columns rather than true heroes, whose actions evoke pride and admiration.
Sometimes it seems that real heroes remain only on the pages of books about the Great Patriotic War.
But at any time there remain those who are ready to sacrifice what is most dear to them in the name of loved ones, in the name of the Motherland.
On Defender of the Fatherland Day, we will remember five of our contemporaries who accomplished feats. They did not seek fame and honor, but simply fulfilled their duty to the end.
Sergey Burnaev
Sergey Burnaev was born in Mordovia, in the village of Dubenki on January 15, 1982. When Seryozha was five years old, his parents moved to the Tula region.
The boy grew and matured, and the era changed around him. His peers were eager to go into business, some into crime, and Sergei dreamed of a military career, wanted to serve in the Airborne Forces. After graduating from school, he managed to work at a rubber shoe factory, and then was drafted into the army. However, he ended up not in the landing force, but in the special forces detachment of the Vityaz Airborne Forces.
Serious physical exercise, training did not scare the guy. The commanders immediately drew attention to Sergei - stubborn, with character, a real special forces soldier!
During two business trips to Chechnya in 2000-2002, Sergei established himself as a true professional, skillful and persistent.
On March 28, 2002, the detachment in which Sergei Burnaev served conducted a special operation in the city of Argun. The militants turned it into their fortification local school, placing an ammunition depot in it, as well as breaking through an entire system of underground passages under it. The special forces began to examine the tunnels in search of the militants who had taken refuge in them.
Sergei walked first and came across bandits. A battle ensued in the narrow and dark space of the dungeon. During the flash from the machine gun fire, Sergei saw a grenade rolling on the floor, thrown by a militant towards the special forces. The explosion could have injured several soldiers who did not see this danger.
The decision came in a split second. Sergei covered the grenade with his body, saving the rest of the soldiers. He died on the spot, but diverted the threat from his comrades.
A bandit group of 8 people was completely eliminated in this battle. All of Sergei’s comrades survived this battle.
For courage and heroism shown during the performance of a special task in conditions involving risk to life, by decree of the President Russian Federation dated September 16, 2002 No. 992, Sergeant Burnaev Sergei Aleksandrovich was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously).
Sergei Burnaev is forever included in the lists of his military unit of the Internal Troops. In the city of Reutov, Moscow region, on the Alley of Military Heroes memorial complex A bronze bust of the hero was installed “to all Reutovites who died for the Fatherland.”
Denis Vetchinov
Denis Vetchinov was born on June 28, 1976 in the village of Shantobe, Tselinograd region of Kazakhstan. I spent an ordinary childhood as a schoolboy of the last Soviet generation.
How is a hero raised? Probably no one knows this. But at the turn of the era, Denis chose a career as an officer, after military service he entered the military school. Maybe it was also due to the fact that the school from which he graduated was named after Vladimir Komarov, a cosmonaut who died during a flight on the Soyuz-1 spacecraft.
After graduating from college in Kazan in 2000, the newly minted officer did not run from difficulties - he immediately ended up in Chechnya. Everyone who knew him repeats one thing - the officer did not bow to bullets, took care of the soldiers and was a real “father to the soldiers” not in words, but in essence.
In 2003 Chechen War ended for Captain Vetchinov. Until 2008, he served as deputy battalion commander for educational work in the 70th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment, and in 2005 he became a major.
Life as an officer is not easy, but Denis did not complain about anything. His wife Katya and daughter Masha were waiting for him at home.
Major Vetchinov was predicted to have a great future, general's shoulder straps. In 2008, he became deputy commander of the 135th motorized rifle regiment of the 19th motorized rifle division of the 58th army for educational work. The war in South Ossetia found him in this position.
On August 9, 2008, the marching column of the 58th Army on the approach to Tskhinvali was ambushed by Georgian special forces. Cars were shot from 10 points. The commander of the 58th Army, General Khrulev, was wounded.
Major Vetchinov, who was in the column, jumped from an armored personnel carrier and entered the battle. Having managed to prevent chaos, he organized a defense, suppressing Georgian firing points with return fire.
During the retreat, Denis Vetchinov was seriously wounded in the legs, however, overcoming the pain, he continued the battle, covering with fire his comrades and the journalists who were with the column. Only a new serious wound to the head could stop the major.
In this battle, Major Vetchinov destroyed up to a dozen enemy special forces and saved the lives of Komsomolskaya Pravda war correspondent Alexander Kots, VGTRK special correspondent Alexander Sladkov and Moskovsky Komsomolets correspondent Viktor Sokirko.
The wounded major was sent to the hospital, but died on the way.
August 15, 2008 for courage and heroism shown during the execution military duty in the North Caucasus region, Major Denis Vetchinov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously).
Aldar Tsydenzhapov
Aldar Tsydenzhapov was born on August 4, 1991 in the village of Aginskoye, in Buryatia. The family had four children, including Aldara's twin sister Aryuna.
My father worked in the police, my mother was a nurse in a kindergarten - simple family, leading ordinary life residents of the Russian hinterland. Aldar graduated from school in his native village and was drafted into the army, ending up in the Pacific Fleet.
Sailor Tsydenzhapov served on the destroyer “Bystry”, was trusted by the command, and was friends with his colleagues. There was only a month left before demobilization, when on September 24, 2010, Aldar took up duty as a boiler room crew operator.
The destroyer was preparing for a combat voyage from the base in Fokino in Primorye to Kamchatka. Suddenly, a fire broke out in the ship's engine room due to a short circuit in the wiring when the fuel pipeline broke. Aldar rushed to plug the fuel leak. A monstrous flame raged around, in which the sailor spent 9 seconds, managing to eliminate the leak. Despite the terrible burns, he got out of the compartment on his own. As the commission subsequently established, the prompt actions of sailor Tsydenzhapov led to the timely shutdown of the ship’s power plant, which otherwise could have exploded. In this case, both the destroyer itself and all 300 crew members would have died.
Aldar, in critical condition, was taken to the Pacific Fleet hospital in Vladivostok, where doctors fought for the hero’s life for four days. Alas, he died on September 28.
By Decree of the President of Russia No. 1431 of November 16, 2010, sailor Aldar Tsydenzhapov was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.
Sergei Solnechnikov
Born on August 19, 1980 in Germany, in Potsdam, in a military family. Seryozha decided to continue the dynasty as a child, without looking back at all the difficulties of this path. After the 8th grade, he entered a cadet boarding school in the Astrakhan region, then without exams he was admitted to the Kachin Military School. Here he was caught by another reform, after which the school was disbanded.
However, this did not turn Sergei away from a military career - he entered the Kemerovo Higher Military Command School of Communications, from which he graduated in 2003.
A young officer served in Belogorsk, on Far East. “A good officer, real, honest,” friends and subordinates said about Sergei. They also gave him the nickname “battalion commander Sun”.
I didn’t have time to start a family - I spent too much time on service. The bride waited patiently - after all, it seemed that there was still a whole life ahead.
On March 28, 2012, routine exercises on throwing the RGD-5 grenade, which are part of the training course for conscript soldiers, took place at the unit’s training ground.
19-year-old private Zhuravlev, getting excited, threw a grenade unsuccessfully - it hit the parapet and flew back where his colleagues were standing.
The confused boys looked in horror at the death lying on the ground. Battalion commander Sun reacted instantly - throwing the soldier aside, he covered the grenade with his body.
The wounded Sergei was taken to the hospital, but from numerous injuries he died on the operating table.
On April 3, 2012, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Major Sergei Solnechnikov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously) for heroism, courage and dedication shown in the performance of military duty.
Irina Yanina
“War does not have a woman’s face” - wise phrase. But it just so happened that in all the wars that Russia waged, women found themselves next to men, enduring all the hardships and hardships equally with them.
Born in Taldy-Kurgan, Kazakh SSR on November 27, 1966, the girl Ira did not think that war would enter her life from the pages of books. School, medical school, a position as a nurse in a tuberculosis clinic, then in a maternity hospital - a purely peaceful biography.
Everything was turned upside down by the collapse of the Soviet Union. Russians in Kazakhstan suddenly became strangers and unnecessary. Like many, Irina and her family left for Russia, which had its own problems.
The husband of the beautiful Irina could not stand the difficulties and left the family in search of an easier life. Ira was left alone with two children in her arms, without normal housing and a corner. And then there was another misfortune - my daughter was diagnosed with leukemia, from which she quickly faded away.
Even men break down from all these troubles and go on a drinking binge. Irina did not break down - after all, she still had her son Zhenya, the light in the window, for whom she was ready to move mountains. In 1995, she entered service in the Internal Troops. Not for the sake of heroic deeds - they paid money there and gave rations. Paradox modern history- in order to survive and raise her son, the woman was forced to go to Chechnya, into the thick of it. Two business trips in 1996, three and a half months as a nurse under daily shelling, in blood and dirt.
Nurse of the medical company of the operational brigade of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia from the city of Kalach-on-Don - in this position, Sergeant Yanina found herself in her second war. Basayev's gangs were rushing to Dagestan, where local Islamists were already waiting for them.
And again battles, wounded, killed - a daily routine medical service at war.
“Hello, my little, beloved, most beautiful son in the world!
I really miss you. Write to me how you are doing, how is school, who are your friends? Aren't you sick? Don't go out late in the evenings - there are a lot of bandits now. Stay near the house. Don't go anywhere alone. Listen to everyone at home and know that I love you very much. Read more. You are already a big and independent boy, so do everything right so that you don’t get scolded.
Waiting for your letter. Listen to everyone.
Kiss. Mother. 08/21/99"
Irina sent this letter to her son 10 days before her last fight.
On August 31, 1999, a brigade of internal troops, in which Irina Yanina served, stormed the village of Karamakhi, which terrorists had turned into an impregnable fortress.
That day, Sergeant Yanina, under enemy fire, assisted 15 wounded soldiers. Then she drove to the line of fire three times in an armored personnel carrier, taking another 28 seriously wounded from the battlefield. The fourth flight was fatal.
The armored personnel carrier came under heavy enemy fire. Irina began to cover the loading of the wounded with return fire from a machine gun. Finally, the car managed to move in Return trip, but the militants set fire to the armored personnel carrier using grenade launchers.
Sergeant Yanina, while she had enough strength, pulled the wounded out of the burning car. She did not have time to get out herself - the ammunition in the armored personnel carrier began to explode.
On October 14, 1999, medical service sergeant Irina Yanina was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation (posthumously); she was forever included in the lists of personnel of her military unit. Irina Yanina became the first woman awarded the title of Hero of Russia for fighting in the Caucasian wars.
