Presentation on the topic "culture of ancient Rus'". Presentation "Old Russian culture" Development of local art schools of ancient Rus' presentation

Pagan rituals

Laying the foundation of the Tithe Church in Kyiv in 989.

Iconography

Iconography

Folk music

Writing

Birch bark letters

Cyril and Methodius

Cyril and Methodius

Education centers

Literacy

Teachings

Chronology

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History of culture Culture of Rus' in the 9th - early 13th centuries. (pre-Mongol period) topic 1 Author: Arkhipova Irina Evgenievna teacher of history and social studies, Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 13, Krasnooktyabrsky district, Volgograd

Writing According to medieval authors, writing existed among the Slavs before the adoption of Christianity. The adoption of Christianity contributed to the further development of writing and education. In the second half of the 9th century. Cyril and Methodius created the Glagolitic alphabet (Glagolic alphabet), which was soon reworked by them using Greek writing, and this is how the current alphabet, the Cyrillic alphabet, which we still use today (was simplified by Peter I, then in 1918). The earliest examples of the use of this letter that have survived to this day date back to the beginning of the 10th century. The agreement between Byzantium and Oleg was written in two languages ​​- Greek and Slavic. Monument to the holy brothers Methodius and Cyril in Moscow on Slavyanskaya Square

Where did you learn to read and write? The main centers for teaching literacy were schools at monasteries and churches, where they mastered not only reading and writing skills, but also the higher sciences of the time (theology, grammar, dialectics, rhetoric, etc.). The level of literacy spread in Rus' is evidenced by the schools opened under Yaroslav the Wise in Kyiv, where more than 300 children studied. The daughter of Yaroslav the Wise, Anna, one of the first literate women who became the queen of France, was educated in the princely chambers of Kiev.

Materials for writing At that time they wrote on parchment (otherwise it was called haratya, leather, fur). Parchment was made, as a rule, from specially dressed calfskin. The text began to be written with a capital red letter - the header (the expression “write from the red line” is still preserved). Books were often decorated with drawings called miniatures. The sewn sheets of the book were bound, placed between two boards, which were covered with leather (hence the expression “read from board to board”).

Literature The earliest written monument is the Ostromir Gospel. It was written in 1056-1057. for the Novgorod mayor Ostromir, after whom it got its name. “Izborniki” of 1073 and 1076 is an ancient Russian handwritten book. The collections were compiled for Grand Duke Svyatoslav Yaroslavich by two copyists, one of whom was a clerk named John, the name of the second is unknown.

Genres of literature chronicle life (hagiography) word (teaching) solemn eloquence moralizing eloquence walking (walking)

Chronicle Chronicle (or chronicler) is a historical genre of ancient Russian literature, which is an annual, more or less detailed record of historical events. The recording of the events of each year in chronicles usually begins with the words: “in the summer ...” (that is, “in the year ...”), hence the name - chronicle. The largest chronicle collection is “The Tale of Bygone Years,” compiled by the monk of the Kiev-Pechersk Monastery Nestor at the beginning of the 12th century. The main question posed at the beginning of the chronicle: “Where did the Russian land come from and who was the first to begin the reign in Kyiv?”

Lives of saints The lives of saints were important for ancient Russian people. Everyday literature began to be created. Among them are “The Tale of Boris and Gleb”, the life of Princess Olga, abbot of the Kiev-Pechora Monastery Theodosius. Pskov icon XIV century (Russian Museum) Monument to Boris and Gleb at the walls of the Boris and Gleb Monastery in Dmitrov

Word (teaching) Word (teaching) is a work belonging to the genre of eloquence. In Rus', there was solemn eloquence - “The Sermon on Law and Grace” by Metropolitan Hilarion (substantiating the significance of the adoption of Christianity and glorifying the Russian land and princes) and moralizing eloquence - “Teachings of Vladimir Monomakh” (the political and moral testament of the Grand Duke).

The Lay of Igor's Campaign "The Lay of Igor's Host" is dedicated to the campaign of the Novgorod-Seversk prince Igor Svyatoslavich against the Polovtsians in 1185. The author sees the most important reason for the severe defeat of Rus' in the infighting between the princes in their disobedience to the great prince of Kyiv. N.K. Roerich “Igor’s Campaign”. 1942 Viktor Vasnetsov. After the massacre of Igor Svyatoslavich with the Polovtsians. 1880

Walking (walking) Walking (walking) - talk about travel, Christian shrines, sights, nature, customs of other countries (“Walking of Hegumen Daniel to Palestine”). Abbot Daniel's pilgrimage to Palestine shaped medieval Russian man's understanding of the world and his soul.

Music 2 directions: folk (pagan) music - pagan ritual singing, accompanied by playing pipes, tambourines, and harps. At the princely courts, buffoons appeared - the first actors who combined a singer, musician, dancer, storyteller, and acrobat. The buffoons played the harp, trumpets, horns, pipes, bagpipes, tambourines; Christian liturgical singing spread after the adoption of Christianity and immediately became a professional activity. At first, Greek and South Slavic singers took part in church services. Singing took place without playing musical instruments; moreover, the tradition of Eastern Christianity strictly condemned instrumental music.

Architecture With the adoption of Christianity, temples began to be built. The first ones are wooden, they have not survived. In the 10th century the 1st stone temple was built - the Tithe Church (destroyed by the Mongols in 1240) Ruins of the Tithe Church in the drawing of 1826

The earliest surviving monument is the 13-domed brick Hagia Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv, built under Yaroslav the Wise (30s of the 11th century). View of the St. Sophia Cathedral (modern view) Apse of the cathedral. Exposed ancient masonry Bell tower of St. Sophia Cathedral on St. Sophia Square

St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod is the main Orthodox church of Veliky Novgorod, created in 1045-1050. It is one of the oldest surviving temples in Russia, built by the Slavs. St. Sophia Cathedral (modern view) St. Sophia Cathedral (south side) before restoration 1893-1900.

Fine arts Inside the temple, the walls were decorated with frescoes and mosaics. Fresco is painting with water paints on wet plaster. Mosaic is an image or pattern made from pieces of stone, marble, ceramics, smalt. Our Lady of Oranta (Unbreakable Wall). Mosaic in the altar of St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv, 11th century Fresco of St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv. 1040s - early 1050s

Craft Archaeological excavations have shown that in Rus', along with agriculture and forestry, crafts developed among the Eastern Slavs. The most complex metal processing techniques were mastered. Blacksmiths made shovels, axes, ploughshares, sickles, and knives. Weaponry developed: swords, battle axes, helmets, etc. Jewelry production appeared (rings, bracelets, crosses, rings). The products were decorated with filigree (a pattern made of gold or silver wire on a metal base) or with grain - a pattern made of gold or silver grains. They also learned how to make glass jewelry, mastered pottery, carpentry, leatherwork, shoemaking, tailoring, etc.

Daily life The daily life of the ancient Russian people was reflected in oral folk art - folklore. Its roots go back to the distant pagan past: the holiday of Maslenitsa, Ivan Kupala, Christmas carols, wedding songs, fortune telling. Various rituals, riddles, spells, and conspiracies have reached us. It was then that fairy tales about the fox-wolf, Baba Yaga, and the Serpent Gorynych arose. Epic stories arose about Ilya Muromets, Mikul Selyaninovich, Dobrynya Nikitich, etc.

References Katsva, L.A. History of the Fatherland: a guide for high school students entering universities: a full course of preparation for final and entrance exams / L.A. Katsva, ed. V.R. Leshchinera. M., 2001. - pp. 35-44. Borisov, N. S. History of Russia from ancient times to the end of the 17th century: textbook. 10th grade / N. S. Borisov. M., 2009. – P. 43-55. Electronic resources http://www.historicus.ru/kultura_i_iskusstvo_drevnei_rusi/ http://russia.rin.ru/guides/5813.html

Culture of Ancient Rus' “The Tale of Bygone Years”, beginning of the 13th century. Nestor, monk of the Fedosy Pechersk Monastery. “Where did the Russian land come from? Who was the first to reign in Kyiv? And since when did the Russian land begin to eat?” The concept of “culture”     From the Latin “cultura” - cultivation, education, education, veneration. Old Russian culture is the culture of our people from ancient times to the end of the 17th century. Old Russian culture is the culture of medieval Rus'. Culture of Kievan Rus (IXXII centuries) The culture of “appanage Rus'” (XIIXIII centuries) is the culture of the pre-Mongol period. Factors influencing the development of ancient Russian culture.       Nature and climate. The mentality of the people. Formation of the Old Russian state. Pagan culture of the Eastern Slavs. Acceptance of Christianity. International relations of Rus'. Rus' and Byzantium. “O bright and red-decorated Russian Land! And you are surprised by many beauties: you are surprised by many lakes, rivers and local treasures, steep mountains, high hills, clean oak groves, wondrous fields, various animals, countless birds, great cities, wondrous villages...” “The Tale of the Destruction of the Russian Land” Pagan culture Slavs       Cult of nature Polytheism Idols (idols) Temples Magi Customs and rituals Baptism of Rus'. In the summer of 6496 from the creation of the world, Prince Vladimir adopted the Christian faith. The influence of Christianity on the development of ancient Russian culture.       The beginning of stone architecture; the spread of the Slavic alphabet, the spread of literacy, “book learning”; the emergence of icon painting, fresco painting, and mosaic art; softening of morals; Strengthening international relations of Rus'. Rus' and Byzantium. “From the Greeks we took the Gospels and traditions, but not the spirit of childish pettiness and word debate. The morals of Byzantium were never the morals of Kyiv” (A.S. Pushkin). “Compared to Byzantine art, Russian art is incomparably more democratic. The current of the people breaks through much more persistently in it...” (V.N. Lazarev) Church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. 532-537 Interior view of the Church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. Christ Pantocrator on the dome of the temple. Virgin and Child. Mosaic. 9th century Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. Construction of a cross-domed church. Dome Drum with light windows Pillars - supports located inside the temple. Naves are the galleries of the temple, running from the entrance to the altar. The altar is the place where the most important part of the service takes place. Construction of a cross-domed church. Apses are semicircular projections in the wall of the temple in the area of ​​the altar. Zakomars are semicircular coverings of church vaults. Choir - the upper, open gallery of the temple, balcony. Types of settlements in Rus'. Names of settlements found in sources: village, “seltso”, village, graveyard, camp, courtyard, settlement, city. Ways of the emergence of cities in Rus': - From rural settlements; - From the princely residence; - from a fishing settlement; - from the trade and craft sector; - from the center of the rural community (pogost); - from the suburb near the monastery; - from the border fortress. Old Russian cities Mark the cities that existed in Rus' in the X-XII centuries. Kyiv Lipetsk Moscow Tula Smolensk Murmansk Chernigov x x x x x Ivanovo Rostov Yaroslavl Suzdal Izborsk Novgorod Vladivostok x x x x x Three Sophias. Kyiv - “the mother of Russian cities” 882 Golden Gate in Kyiv. XI century St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv. XI century Our Lady of Oranta. Mosaic in the apse of the Main Altar. XI century Mister Veliky Novgorod. Novgorod is “the source of the Russian nationality, from where the entire way of life of Russian life came” V.G. Belinsky. St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod. 1045-1050 Bronze gates of the Church of Hagia Sophia. Novgorod icon. Archangel Gabriel "Golden Hair Angel". Icon. Novgorod school. XII century. Novgorod icon. Savior Not Made by Hands Icon. Novgorod school. XII century. Novgorod birch bark documents. Vladimir on Klyazma 1169 Assumption Cathedral. 1158-1161 Golden Gate. 1164 Icon of the Vladimir Mother of God. XII century. Dmitrievsky Cathedral. 1194-1197 Church of the Intercession on the Nerl. 1165 A candle in the palm of your hand on a bare meadow Straight in the wind, bending the river into an arc. It flickers in the bend, as if from clouds, A single ray shines through to it. Indisputability of proportions or magic of years? – The only light streaming into the sky! And no matter how much you walk back until late, its whiteness follows you. I. Snegova. The meaning of Old Russian culture. “This beauty shines to this day with an unfading light in works of art, be it a majestic temple, a book headpiece, a bronze scabbard tip, or something that is already literally shining - like a mosaic in the dome and on the walls of the Kiev Sophia...” “It is in these monuments reveal the soul of our people in a certain period, as well as the consciousness of their national identity, love for their land, the beauty with which they were called to crown, not only for their time, but also for all subsequent generations of Russian people.” (L.D. Lyubimov)

Culture of Ancient Rus'

Culture of Ancient Rus'.
The culture of Ancient Rus' followed the path of original development, reaching a high level already in the 11th century. She grew up on the fertile soil of the cultures of local East Slavic tribes and constantly developed contacts with the cultures of other countries, primarily Byzantium, Bulgaria, the countries of Central Europe, Scandinavia, the Khazar Kaganate and the Arab East. Ideologically, it became more and more subordinate to the feudal order, which was gaining strength in society. And of course, Christianity played a decisive role in its formation, which, in fact, set the model of Russian culture and determined the prospects for its development for many centuries.

The emergence of writing.
The key moment in the development of Russian culture, which made it possible to accumulate a colossal cultural fund, was the introduction of a unified written language. Separate writing systems have existed on the territory of Rus' for a long time, but only with the creation of a unified state did the need for a single alphabet arise. Both the state and the population equally needed writing. The need for writing especially intensified with the development of private property and trade; the need for literacy was felt when drawing up trade documents and documents related to inheritance. A unified and developed letter was required by society and the state apparatus, Russian official history, since oral forms of transmitting historical information no longer satisfied either society, or even more so the growing state.

Literature and literacy.
In the literature of ancient Rus', with some convention, several directions can be distinguished: socio-political; artistic and secular; world (translated) literature. But the boundaries of genres were often elusive and blurred. In socio-political literature, chronicle writing played the most significant role. No later than the beginning of the 11th century. The first chronicles began to be compiled in Kyiv and Novgorod. Gradually growing, they by the end of the 11th - beginning of the 12th centuries. compiled a systematic collection, finally edited and literary processed by the monk of the Kiev-Pechersk Monastery Nestor. The collection is known as the Tale of Bygone Years (PVL). PVL is called an encyclopedia of ancient Russian life of the 9th-11th centuries, giving an idea not only of the history of Rus', but also of its language, religion, worldview, scientific knowledge, art, etc. Later, chronicles began to be compiled in other large cities.

Architecture and painting.
The development of stone architecture reached an outstanding scale, monuments of which have been preserved in Kyiv, Novgorod, Vladimir-Suzdal, Chernigov, Polotsk and many other cities. With the introduction of Christianity, Russian architecture was influenced by Byzantium, but its own architectural traditions were gradually developed. From the end of the 10th century. The remains of the Tithe Church in Kyiv have reached us. The best works of Russian architecture include the Cathedral of the Savior in Chernigov, the churches of Sofia in Novgorod, the Golden Gate in Vladimir, and many other wonderful monuments of ancient Russian architecture. The painting of the 11th and early 13th centuries testifies to the high development of the culture of pre-Mongol Rus'. Under Byzantine influence, its main forms developed here: mosaics, miniatures, icon painting, frescoes.

Life and customs of Ancient Rus'.
With the formation of the Kyiv principality, the tribal life of the Slavs naturally changed in the volost, and in this already established organism of social life the power of the Varangian princes arose. The people of Ancient Rus' lived both in large cities for their time, numbering tens of thousands of people, and in villages with several dozen households and villages, especially in the northeast of the country, in which two or three households were grouped.

XII XIII

"Culture of Rus' XII-XIII centuries". You are filled with everything, Russian land...” "Words about the destruction of the Russian land", XIII century. Lesson plan: Features of the culture of Ancient Rus'. Writing and literature. Architecture fine art. Craft. Kievan Rus not only made the Byzantine heritage its property. The idea of ​​unity; The idea of ​​glorifying princes; Assessment of historical events and figures. Literally all countries sought to assimilate the principles of Byzantine art. Dmitry Solunsky. Fragment of a mosaic from the St. Michael's Monastery in Kyiv. Second half of the 11th century. Moscow, Tretyakov Gallery. - XII XIII.ppt

Culture of Rus' 10-13 centuries

Culture of Rus' X-XIII centuries. Team presentation. Contents of the term. Culture. Property of proportion. So here we go. Nestor. Film on the theme "Literature". Parchment. Monk Nestor. Answer to a question about the film. Teacher's question. Yaroslav the Wise. Architecture. Prince. Film on the theme "Architecture". Give a brief information about the cathedral. Saint Sophia Cathedral. Cathedral Church of Sofia. Answer to the question. The power of the city. Golden Gate in Vladimir. Painting. Numbers corresponding to the serial number. Film on the theme "Painting". Alphabet. The significance of these saints for history. Monument to Cyril and Methodius in Moscow. - Culture of Rus' 10-13 centuries.pptx

Culture of Rus' 10-15 centuries

Culture and life of the 10th-15th century. How the culture of Rus' was born. Culture of Rus'. Development of Russian culture. The influence of foreign cultural traditions. Religion. Dual faith. Open and synthetic. Political difficulties. Writing. Evidence of the existence of Slavic writing. Testimony of a Byzantine diplomat. Christianization of Rus'. Literacy Development Certificate. Chronicles. The chronicle was a state matter. Chronicle. Large-scale historical works. Church of Hagia Sophia. Preservation of the all-Russian chronicle. Creation of writing centers. Monk Nestor. Literature of the 12th century - Culture of Rus' 10-15 centuries.ppt

Culture of Rus' 9-13 centuries

Culture of Rus' in the x-xiii centuries. Lesson objectives: To identify the features of Russian culture of the 10th – early 13th centuries. 2. Characterize the main achievements of Russian culture in the 10th – early 13th centuries. Plan. 1. Features of Russian culture of the X-early XIII centuries. 2. Literacy, writing in Rus'. Chronicles and literature. 3. Life of the people. 4. Architecture. O bright and beautifully decorated, Russian land! You are glorified by many beauties... You are filled with everything, Russian land... A. Yugov. Culture (lat. culture) – cultivation, processing, improvement. Culture is the totality of human achievements in the industrial, social and spiritual spheres. - Rus culture.PPT

Culture of Rus'

Russian history lesson in 10th grade. Lesson topic: Culture of Rus' 10th – early 13th centuries. Purpose of the lesson: Basic concepts: Lesson type: School lecture. Lecture plan. What is culture? Two cultural streams: Writing. Literacy. Schools. Chronicles. The most important of the chronicles: Literature. Old Russian aphorisms. A wound from a true friend is more worthy than a kiss from an enemy. Whoever wants to control others must first learn to control himself. When you receive something good, remember it, but when you do it, forget it. Architecture. Cross-dome style. Dmitrovsky Cathedral in Vladimir. Heads of St. Sophia Cathedral. Novgorod. Painting, sculpture, music. - Culture of Russia.ppt

Rus' in the 11th-13th centuries

Russian culture in X-n. XIII.c. The history of homeland. Lesson plan. 1. Urban development. 2.Architecture.Painting. 3.Book writing. Lesson assignment. Europeans called Rus' “Gradariki” - a country of cities. Behind the fortress walls, crafts developed which we read about 70 years ago. Many goods were for sale. 1. Urban development. Torzhok. Engraving from the 16th century. Plan of Kyiv in mid. 12th century. As a rule, the Golden Gate was built at the entrance. Scientists find many inscriptions on the walls and birch bark. Golden Gate in Vladimir. Reconstruction. 2.Architecture.Painting. Typical view of boyar mansions. In the 11th century, stone mansions of princes appeared in large cities. - Rus' in the 11th-13th centuries.ppt

Culture of Rus' 12-13th century

Culture of Russian lands in the 12th-13th centuries. Features of culture of the 12-13 centuries. The fragmentation of the Old Russian state did not lead to a decline in culture. Local cultural centers appeared. Accumulation of scientific knowledge. Novgorod birch bark document. The geographical knowledge of the Russian people has been significantly enriched. Russian pilgrims visited Constantinople and Jerusalem. Rus' had its own healers - lechtsi (healers). The most famous healer was the monk of the Kiev-Pechersk Monastery Agapit. Literature. From the 12th century a new period begins in the history of Russian chronicles. Chronicles are now kept in every major principality. - Rus' in the 12th-13th centuries.ppt

History of culture of Ancient Rus'

Culture of Ancient Rus'. Definition of culture. Features of culture. Patriotism. Folklore. Chronicle. Writing and literacy. Literacy. Birch bark letters. Architecture and painting. Golden Gate in Kyiv. St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv. General form. Mosaics of the St. Sophia Cathedral. Iconography. Icon painters. St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod. Artistic craft. Warrior in armor. Grain. Scan. Cloisonne enamel. Let's check ourselves. - History of culture of Ancient Russia.ppt

Cultural monuments of Ancient Rus'

Culture of Ancient Rus' in the 9th-13th centuries. Acceptance of Christianity. From the Varangians to the Greeks. Volga trade route. Byzantine coins. Culture of Kievan Rus. Treaty of Prince Oleg with Byzantium. Writing. Russia's adoption of Christianity. Kiev-Pechersk Monastery. Boris and Gleb Monastery. Tithe Church. Saint Sophia Cathedral. Kyiv. Polotsk Angel Golden Hair. - Cultural monuments of Ancient Russia.ppt

Achievements of the culture of Ancient Rus'

Culture of Ancient Rus'. Test. Gospel. Folklore. Writing and literacy. Handwritten books. Architecture. Russian stone architecture. What is it about. Nestor. Foundation of Kyiv. Oleg. Murder of Prince Igor. - Achievements of the culture of Ancient Russia.pptx

Culture of Rus' IX-XIII

Culture of Ancient Rus' in the 9th-13th centuries. Education and literature. The culture of Ancient Rus' had a high level of development. Mostly churches, cathedrals, icons, literature, and religious objects have been preserved. The culture of Ancient Rus' is based on the cultural heritage of the East Slavic tribes. By the time Christianity was adopted, an alphabet had developed. The adoption of Christianity contributed to the spread of literacy, the development of writing, and education. In 1951, archaeologists first discovered birch bark letters in Novgorod. Among the charters there are business documents, letters, wills. - Culture of Rus' IX-XIII.ppt

Ancient Rus' IX-XIII century

History of Ancient Rus' in the 9th-13th centuries. Culture of Ancient Rus' in the 9th-13th centuries. "Architecture of Ancient Rus'". In early Christian ancient Rus', architectural structures were predominantly wooden. And later, first the ancient Russian princes, and then ordinary citizens began to build houses from timber. "Chapel of the Archangel Michael." The chapel was a place of communication with God. "Chapel of Our Lady of All Sorrows Joy." Until 1882 inclusive, the chapel is not mentioned in the documents of the Kizhi parish. Restored in 1983-1984. “Church of the Transfiguration from the village of Spas-Vezhi. Ipatiev Monastery. It is located in the city of Kostroma at the confluence of the Kostroma River and the Volga. - Ancient Rus' IX-XIII century.ppt

Russian lands in XII-XIII

Culture of Russian lands of the early XII - first half of the XIII centuries. What is culture? What are the cultural features of the Old Russian state? What was the influence of Christianity on ancient Russian culture? Lesson plan. Features of culture of the XII-XIII centuries. Scientific knowledge. Literature. Architecture. Painting. The influence of Horde rule on Russian culture. The main question of the lesson: What period in the development of the Old Russian state began in the middle of the 12th century? What are the main political centers of Rus'? Large cultural centers. Veliky Novgorod Pskov Vladimir-on-Klyazma Galich. Cultural centers. - Russian lands in XII XIII.ppt

Features of the culture of Ancient Rus'

Culture of ancient Rus'. Lesson plan. Features of the culture of Ancient Rus'. The concept of culture is the totality of material and spiritual values ​​created by society. Appeared: - construction of churches - icon painting - church books. Cultural significance of accepting Christianity. Types of Old Russian literature. Folk art. Literature. Wooden architecture. Types of wooden architecture. Stone architecture. Artistic craft. - Features of culture.ppt

Culture of Ancient Rus'

Culture of Ancient Rus'. IX-XI centuries The totality of material and spiritual values ​​created by society. Culture. 1.Features of the culture of Ancient Rus'. Old Russian culture. Heritage of the Eastern Slavs. Culture of non-Slavic peoples and neighbors. Culture of Byzantium. Patriotism is love for the Motherland, devotion to one’s Fatherland and people. 2. Oral folk art. Bylinas are poetic tales about the past, in which the exploits of Russian heroes were glorified. The letter to Vasily went to science. Sadko. Is it possible to use epics as a historical source? 3. Writing and literacy. Birch bark letters. - Culture of Ancient Russia.ppt

Old Russian culture

Old Russian culture. Kiev Cathedral of Hagia Sophia 11th century Ukraine, Kyiv. Hagia Sophia. HAINTY SOPHIA – Divine Wisdom. Church of St. Sophia in Novgorod. Dmitrievsky Cathedral in Vladimir. Peasant house. How schoolchildren were taught in ancient Rus'. Clay tablet. Wrote. Wax tablet. Birch bark. Onfim. Onfim is a Novgorod boy who studied 800 years ago. Old Russian alphabet. - Old Russian culture.ppt

Culture in Ancient Rus'

Culture of Ancient Rus'. Plan for studying a new topic: Lesson type: combined. Techniques and methods Verbal: conversation, explanation of material, story. Visual: demonstration of video clips. Lesson equipment: History of Russia. textbook. Part I, ed. A.A., Danilova and L.G. Kosulina, 2006; Multimedia presentation; Exhibition of creative works of students. CULTURE OF Rus' XIV - XV centuries. CULTURE – all types and results of transformative activities of man and society. Influence centers. Conditions of tradition and influence of social order. Theophanes the Greek Andrei Rublev Afanasy Nikitin Aristotle Fiorovanti. - Culture in Ancient Russia.ppt

Old Russian crafts

Craftsmen of Ancient Rus'. Glory to our side, glory to Russian antiquity. Ancient Rus'. Carpenters. Interior view of the hut with floors. Wood processing. Wooden utensils 12-13 centuries. Cooperage items of the 10th–13th centuries. Tanners. Spinners. Weaving. Blacksmiths. Potters. Times are different now, as are thoughts and deeds. - Old Russian crafts.ppt

Old Russian weapons

Weapons and armor of Ancient Rus'. Weapon. Sometimes spikes were also attached to the ball. They dealt terrible blows with flails. With minimal effort, the effect was stunning. Six-footer. Battle axe. The back flat part of the ax was called the butt, and the hatchet was called the butt. The blades of the axes were trapezoidal in shape. A large wide ax was called a berdysh. Berdysh were used only by infantrymen. In the 16th century, berdysh were widely used in the Streltsy army. The spear tips were perfectly suited for piercing armor. The spear consisted of a shaft and a blade with a special sleeve, which was mounted on the shaft. - Old Russian weapons.pptx

Russian principalities in XII-XIII

Culture of Russian lands in the XII – XIII centuries. Culture of Russian lands in the XII–XIII centuries. Russian principalities in the XII - XIII centuries. 1. Features of culture of the 12th – 13th centuries. 2. Old Russian literature. The birth of literature. Teaching - a new genre “Teaching to children” Vladimir Monomakh? What moral qualities of people were especially valued at that time? What is the main idea of ​​the work “The Lay of Igor’s Campaign” by an unknown author? Why was Prince Igor defeated? Why did Rus' begin to suffer defeats? A new period in the development of chronicles. Every major principality kept chronicles. 3. Architecture Novgorod land. - Russian principalities in XII-XIII.ppt

Culture and life of Ancient Rus'

Culture and life of Ancient Rus'. What is culture? Culture is all types of transformative human activity. Culture (lat. culture) – cultivation, processing, improvement. What were the components of ancient Russian culture? Foreign international influence. Pagan religion. Christianity. Experience of the Eastern Slavs. Byzantium. United Russian culture. Factors that influenced the formation of a unified Russian culture. Myths and legends. Church books. Wood and stone carving. Blacksmith craft. Construction of temples. Iconography. Cultural heritage of the Eastern Slavs. Byzantine cultural heritage. - Culture and life of Ancient Russia.ppt

Old Russian state 9th-12th centuries

Features of Russian culture in the 9th – 12th centuries. Centers of craft and trade, centers of political life, centers of education and enlightenment. Cities were the centers of cultural development in Rus'. Dictionary. Birch bark letters Graffiti Old Russian books. Education. Literature. Architecture. Russian architecture of the X-XI centuries. Russian architecture of the 12th century. Sublimity, sophistication Single-domed, four-pillar or cubic churches Decorative façade. Mosaic fresco icons. Monumental painting. “Literally all countries sought to assimilate the principles of Byzantine art. Kievan Rus not only made the Byzantine heritage its property. - Old Russian state of the 9th-12th centuries.pptx

Ancient cities of Rus'

Architecture and everyday life of an ancient Russian city. The presence of a fortification or fortification. Origin and development of cities of ancient Rus'. New tasks - administrative, cultural and military. The emergence of cities of such scale as Novgorod and Kyiv. Old Russian cities usually arise on high hills. Development of ancient Russian cities. Dimensions of ancient Russian cities. Urban development of Kyiv. Kyiv. The city of Vladimir and Yaroslav. Kyiv XII – XIII centuries (reconstruction). Golden Gate. Private houses. Semi-ground and above-ground residential building. Number of cities in Kievan Rus. - Ancient cities of Russia.ppt

Ladoga Fortress

stone guard of Rus'. Show the importance of Ladoga in the formation of the Russian state from ancient times to the 18th century. Contents: View of the Ladoga fortress from the Volkhov River. Ancient masonry. 9th century Ladoga burial mounds. The burial mounds of warriors, located in the coastal strip of Volkhov, date back to VIII-XV. Mound of Prophetic Oleg. Fortress at the beginning of the 12th century. Ladoga in the 15th century. On the site of modern Ladoga, archaeologists discovered stone buildings of the 9th, 12th, and 15th centuries. Fortifications of the 15th century consisted of 5 towers connected by one wall. Ladoga Fortress in 1490. View from the north - east. Plan of the Ladoga Fortress in 1490 - Ladoga Fortress.ppt

Life in Rus'

Life and customs of ancient Rus'. In Ancient Rus', rolls were baked in the shape of a castle with a round bow. Houseware. Povalusha was the name of the cold storage room of the dwelling. The location of the stove determined the layout of the hut. The corner opposite the mouth of the stove was considered the housewife's workplace. Everything here was adapted for cooking. The peasant dwelling also had a lot of wicker utensils - baskets, baskets, and boxes. Entertainment remained the same - gatherings, fortune telling, round dances. Funeral services, weddings, and baptisms were usually celebrated by the entire village. Later, the upper room began to be called the best room in Russian houses. - Life in Russia.ppt

Features of Old Russian culture

Culture of Rus'. Culture of Ancient Rus' in the pre-Mongol period. Study the peculiarities of the culture of Ancient Rus'. Get acquainted with oral folk art, writing, literature, architecture and fine arts. Definitions. What was the culture of Rus' like before the Mongol invasion? Under the influence of what factors was the distinctive culture of Rus' formed? What were the cultural features of the Old Russian state? What was the influence of Christianity on ancient Russian culture? What events do the epics tell about? Why do you think there were many literate people in the Old Russian state? - Features of Old Russian culture.ppt

Schools in Rus'

How did you study in Rus'? Where could children study when there were no schools? When did the first schools appear? The first schools in Rus' were opened in the 10th century by decree of Prince Vladimir. V. Pukirev “The sexton explains the picture of the Last Judgment to the peasants.” Why did Rus' need schools? Who went to study? In Ancient Rus', anyone could learn basic literacy. N. Bogdanov-Belsky “Oral calculation”. What is needed for the lesson? She wrote birch bark letters, waxed tablets. Novgorod. XI – XV centuries. What was taught in schools? How did they teach in schools in Rus'? B.M. Kustodiev “School in Muscovite Rus'.” Punishments in schools. A. Venetsianov “Boy with a rod”. - Schools in Russia.ppt

Music of Ancient Rus'

Traditions of musical education in Ancient Rus'. Pagan Ancient Rus'. images and animation of everything around. The worldview was cultic and expressed in concrete terms. Folk songs had a great influence on the repertoire of children's singing. From infancy, children lived surrounded by folk songs. Christian Rus'. The first Russian chronicles mention Vladimir's concern for education and the organization of schools. Domestiki taught singing and reading. In ancient Russian singing education, the entire scale of pedagogical methods was used. First of all, a certain system of demands was put forward. - Music of Ancient Russia.ppt

Culture of Volga Bulgaria

Science and culture of Volga Bulgaria. Writing. Education. Literature written on paper. Poets and writers. The science. Astronomy. Chemistry. Medicine. Geography. Notes from an Arabic author. Scientists of Volga Bulgaria. Scientists are historians. Theologians and philosophers. - Culture of Volga Bulgaria.ppt

Painting of Ancient Rus'

Painting of Ancient Rus'. Lesson objectives: Mosaic. Mosaic is a monumental painting using multi-colored mica pieces. In the altar part of the temple, the 11th century mosaic “Our Lady” has been preserved. Interior of Kyiv Sofia. Mosaic of the Altar of Kyiv Sophia. Frescoes. Peter of Alexandria. Fresco of the Church of the Savior on Nereditsa in Novgorod. 1199. Painting with vegetable paints on wet plaster. Icons. Easel painting was done on boards using egg paints. Icon painting was nowhere as popular as in Rus'. Iconostasis - icons collected in rows - ranks - that cover the altar. The ranks of the iconostasis. Our Lady of Oranta (Sign). - Painting of Ancient Russia.ppt

Old Russian icon painting

Old Russian icon painting. ANCIENT RUSSIAN ICON PAINTING. Russian icon painting is the fine art of Ancient Rus' that developed in the depths of the Orthodox Church, which began at the end of the 10th century with the Baptism of Rus'. Icon painting remained the core of ancient Russian culture until the end of the 17th century, when, in the era of Peter the Great, it was supplanted by secular types of fine art. Therefore, the basis of ancient Russian painting is the great Christian “word”. Nowhere and never has the icon played such a big role as in Russia. Icons here have long been an indispensable part of every building - both temple and public - civil, and just a residential building. - Old Russian icon painting.pptx

Architecture of Rus'

Architectural appearance of Ancient Rus'. Contents: Poll: 1. Name the main achievements of the artistic culture of Byzantium. 3. Tell us about the internal appearance of the Church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. 4. What characterizes Byzantine fine art? Tell us about the artistic style of the Byzantine masters based on these images. “O bright and beautifully decorated Russian land! What kind of architectural construction is typical for Russia? Let us bless the work of unknown architects! V.A. Rozhdestvensky. Church of the Transfiguration in Veliky Novgorod. Tell me what will be discussed in today's lesson? - Rus architecture.ppt

Architecture of Ancient Rus'

ARTISTIC CULTURE OF KIEVAN Rus' X-XI centuries. The legend about Vladimir's choice of the Christian religion is told in The Tale of Bygone Years. Architecture of the ancient Russian state. The temple building was the residence of the metropolitan (the head of the Orthodox Church). In the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv there was the first library, archive, and school in Rus'. Princes and metropolitans were buried here. This type of church is square in plan. At the intersection of the arches there is a light drum topped with a dome. The first domes in Rus' were low and semicircular. The number of domes had a symbolic meaning. Depending on the size of the temple there may be one or five apses. - Architecture of Russia.ppt

Architecture in Rus'

Architecture of Ancient Rus'. Kievan Rus (10-11 centuries). Inside the cathedral there are mosaics, frescoes, carved stone, majolica. Vladimir-Suzdal Principality (12th century). The similar type of Demetrius Cathedral in Vladimir (1193-1212) has more massiveness. The walls of the cathedral are richly decorated with carved reliefs. Novgorod Republic (12-14 centuries). The architects of Veliky Novgorod strove for rigor and laconism of forms and simplicity of decoration. In the 14th century, icon painting reached its peak (Theophanes the Greek). Church of the Savior on Ilyin Street. 1374. Pskov (13-15 centuries). This is the Church of St. Basil on the Hill (1413). Muscovy. - Architecture in Russia.ppt

Ancient temples of Rus'

Wooden Rus'. Goal setting. Equipment and materials. Lesson plan. What is architecture? Benefit, strength, beauty. -What types of architecture do you know? They are built of stone, and one can judge the past by the structures. . Updating. Any architectural structure bears the stamp of its time. Problem conversation. Have all the architectural monuments of wooden Rus' reached us in their original form? Can anything be changed? Architecture occupied a special place in ancient Russian art. Acquaintance with the ideas of our ancestors about the Temple as an image of the cosmos. Russian architects also built the first wooden Christian churches. - Ancient temples of Russia.ppt

Architecture of Ancient Rus'

Wooden architecture of Ancient Rus'. Suzdal temple. History of the study. The history of the architecture of Ancient Rus' is a young science. Back in the 18th century. monuments of ancient Russian architecture were usually called Gothic. Chapel of the Archangel Michael, XVII-XVIII centuries. Ascension cuboid church, 1669. On the White Sea coast, the type of cuboid church was widespread. A cube is a complex form of coating that resembles a tetrahedral onion. House-yard of Rusinova. The Rusinovs were a wealthy merchant family of the 17th century. Chapel of the Three Saints, 17th century. Sergeeva's house from the village of Lipovitsy, late 19th - early 20th centuries. - Architecture of Ancient Russia.ppt

Ancient cities

Start test. Test result. To correct. Why did the settlements of the ancient Slavs begin to be called cities? They planted vegetable gardens there. The Slavs were very proud. What was the name of the fortified center of the Russian city? Kremlin. Lock. Fence. Moat. Who lived in the Kremlin? Prince and nobility. Craftsmen. Squad. Peasants. What city is located on the banks of the Volkhov River? Velikiy Novgorod. Kyiv. Sergiev Posad. Moscow. What landmark was built in Kyiv under Yaroslav the Wise? Golden Gate. Nikolsky Monastery. Mint. Pomegranate Chamber. Who ruled Veliky Novgorod? Posadniki. Prince Yaroslav. Boyars. - Ancient cities.ppt

Life of Ancient Rus'

Research project on the topic “Life of the People of Ancient Rus'”. The goal of the project is to study the life of people in Ancient Rus'. 1. Introduction. The book had a lot of colorful pictures. Dad and I read several chronicle stories. Forest river plain. How did they sow grain a thousand years ago? In ancient times, it was no longer fields, but forests that covered the earth. First it was necessary to reclaim land from the forest. After plowing, the field was harrowed. Sokha. Harrow. On sowing day, he put on a white shirt and went out into the field with a basket on his chest. Only selected grain was sown. That is why a quiet, windless day was chosen for sowing. The peasant sowed rye, wheat, oats, barley and buckwheat. - Life of Ancient Russia.ppt

Life and customs of Ancient Rus'

Life and customs of Ancient Rus'. Main occupations of the population. The main meaning of the word “house” in Rus' was farming. Gridnitsa is a large front room where the owner feasted with his retinue. Canopies are cold passages between buildings. In Rus', a woman had a number of rights. High fines were paid by those guilty of insulting women with “shameful words.” The position of women in Rus'. Each name has two and three wives.” (Nestor). Before the adoption of Christianity: After the adoption of Christianity: Forced marriage was prohibited. Sad Ryazanka. Meryanka from the Ivanovo forests. Cabbage soup and porridge are our food. -