Olesya's argument is the theme of love. Do you need courage in love? Other works on this work
In the touching story “Olesya” by Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin, the main characters are Ivan Timofeevich and Olesya. Minor characters- Yarmola, Manuilikha, Evpsikhy Afrikanovich and others, less significant. This mystical story O pure love and cruel human ignorance, capable of destroying a bright feeling.
Olesya
A young girl, about twenty-four, stately, tall and beautiful. She was raised by her grandmother and grew up in the forest. But, despite the fact that she is not taught to read and write, she does not know how to write and read - she has the natural wisdom of centuries, deep knowledge human nature and curiosity. She calls herself a witch, has supernatural powers and predicts a person's imminent death by looking at a person's face.
Olesya realizes her destiny and is ashamed of it. She does not go to church in the belief that all her powers are from the unclean. She bizarrely combines modesty and timidity with independence and self-sufficiency. But behind the witch’s bravado, you can guess a gentle, dreamy girl who is afraid of people and, at the same time, dreams of love.
Ivan Timofeevich
An aspiring writer, in search of inspiration, came from the city to the village on official business. He is young, educated and smart. In the village he has fun hunting and getting to know local residents, who soon bored him with their serf ways. Panych is from a good family, but, despite his origins, he behaves simply and without pathos. Ivan is a kind and sympathetic young man, noble and soft-spoken.
Getting lost in the forest, he meets Olesya, which greatly enlivens his dull stay in the village of Perebrod. A man of a dreamy nature, he quickly becomes attached and then falls in love with a girl who predicted a joyless and dull life for him. He is honest and sincere, loves and has the courage to confess his feelings to Olesya. But with all his love, it is difficult for him to accept his beloved for who she is.
How can I tell you, Olesya? - I began hesitantly. - Well, yes, perhaps I would be pleased. I’ve told you many times that a man can not believe, doubt, and finally even laugh. But a woman... a woman should be pious without reasoning. In the simple and tender trust with which she places herself under the protection of God, I always feel something touching, feminine and beautiful.
Manuilikha
Olesya's grandmother, angry with people elderly woman, who is forced to live and raise her granddaughter in the forest. Manuilikha has the same abilities as her granddaughter, for which she paid with a quiet life. Rude, unrestrained in language, but sincerely loving and protecting her granddaughter.
Grandmother is old, strict and grumpy. He doesn’t trust people, he’s always waiting for a trick and he curses his difficult fate. When she sees that Olesya has seriously fallen in love, she tries with all her might to prevent the union, foreseeing how it will all end. But at the end of the story she still shows her soft, suffering nature.
Yarmola
A narrow-minded, uneducated simple man, Ivan's servant. Yarmola is reputed to be the laziest drinker in the village. But at the same time, he is an excellent hunter who knows the area and has deep knowledge of nature, the forest and its inhabitants.
He becomes very attached to Ivan, although he is taciturn and gloomy. Yarmola insists on spelling lessons with the gentleman, thereby showing his contradictory nature. On the one hand, he is a lazy person and a drunkard, on the other, he is an experienced and inquisitive person.
Evpsikhy Afrikanovich
Local police officer, guardian of order and the threat of all Polesie. A typical "boss", impudent and important. Not averse to bribes, but cowardly man. He insists on evicting Manuilikha and her granddaughter from their house, but when Ivan tries to convince him to wait, he agrees only through expensive gifts.
Inflated with awareness of his own importance, a rude and arrogant nobleman. And, at the same time, a caring husband. Which clearly shows the gap in his consciousness between him, and people like him, and commoners.
Do you need courage in love?
Courage is a person’s ability to overcome fears. It is human nature to be afraid, this is natural. But the ability to overcome fears, leave your comfort zone, and act when you are unsure of yourself is very important. Especially in love. A person who falls in love initially feels insecure and fears appear. But without daring to act, nothing will work out in terms of relationships. You need decisive actions to simply get noticed.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin tried to answer the question in the story. The author introduces us to many heroes. The story begins with a description of the weather, first in mid-August and then in early September.
It’s Vera Nikolaevna’s name day and guests come to her for the occasion. As a gift, she discovers a letter and a garnet bracelet. Soon Nikolai and Vasily Lvovich recognize the sender. He turns out to be a middle-aged man, G. S. Zheltkov. He admits that he fell in love with Vera even before her marriage. Why did Zheltkov remain inactive? At least he could meet Vera. I think financial status played a role. Zheltkov was a poor man and did not want to darken Vera’s life. But before marriage, Zheltkov is obliged to act. As we see, inaction does not lead to anything good.
Thus, based on the above, I want to draw a conclusion. A person needs to overcome fears and act decisively towards his loved one.
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Updated: 2017-10-02
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Direction “COURAGE AND COWARDNESS”
At the core this direction lies a comparison of opposite manifestations of the human “I”: readiness for decisive actions and the desire to hide from danger, to avoid resolving difficult, sometimes extreme life situations. On the pages of many literary works presents both heroes capable of courageous actions and characters demonstrating weakness of spirit and lack of will.
The topic “Courage and Cowardice” can be considered in the following aspects:
Courage and cowardice in war
Courage and cowardice in expressing one’s position, point of view, in defending one’s principles and views
Courage and cowardice of a person in love
COURAGE - a positive moral-volitional personality trait, manifested as determination, fearlessness, courage when performing actions associated with risk and danger. Courage allows a person to overcome, through volitional efforts, the fear of something unknown, complex, new and achieve success in achieving a goal. It is not for nothing that this quality is highly revered by the people: “God controls the brave,” “The city takes courage.” It is also revered as the ability to speak the truth (“Dare to have your own judgment”). Courage allows you to face the “truth” and objectively assess your capabilities, not be afraid of darkness, loneliness, water, heights and other difficulties and obstacles. Courage provides a person with a sense of self-worth, a sense of responsibility, security, and reliability of life.
Synonyms: courage, determination, courage, heroism, enterprise, arrogance, self-confidence, energy; presence, uplifting spirit; spirit, courage, desire (to tell the truth), audacity, boldness; fearlessness, fearlessness, fearlessness, fearlessness; fearlessness, determination, daring, heroism, courage, riskiness, desperation, audacity, innovation, daring, audacity, audacity, daring, poverty, valor, novelty, courage, masculinity.
Courage
Courage is the ability of a person, overcoming fear, to perform desperate acts, sometimes risking his own life.
A person shows courage in war when he bravely fights the enemy, does not allow fear to overcome him, and thinks about his comrades, loved ones, people, and country. Courage helps him overcome all the hardships of war, emerging victorious or dying for his homeland.
Courage is a quality of a person, expressed in the fact that he always defends his views and principles to the end, and can openly express his position to people if he does not agree with them. Courageous people are able to defend their ideals, move forward, leading others, transforming society.
Professional courage pushes people to take risks; people strive to realize their projects and dreams, sometimes overcoming obstacles that government officials may put in their way.
Courage may not manifest itself in a person for a long time. On the contrary, he is sometimes outwardly very modest and quiet. However, in Hard time It is brave people who take responsibility, saving others, helping them. And often these are not only adults, but children who amaze with their determination and courage, for example, saving a drowning friend.
Brave people are capable of doing great things. And if there are many of these people or the entire nation, then such a state is invincible.
Courage is also manifested in the fact that a person is irreconcilable to any injustice both in relation to himself and in relation to other people. Brave man will not look indifferently or indifferently at how others, for example, colleagues, are humiliated and insulted. He will always stand up for them, as he does not accept any manifestation of injustice and evil.
Courage is one of the highest moral qualities person. It is necessary to strive to be truly courageous in everything in life: deeds, actions, relationships, while thinking about those around you.
COWARDICE - one of the expressions of cowardice; a negative, moral quality that characterizes the behavior of a person who is unable to perform actions that meet moral requirements (or, conversely, refrain from immoral actions) due to the inability to overcome fear of natural or social forces. T. can be a manifestation of calculating selfishness, when it is based on fears of incurring unfavorable consequences, someone’s anger, fear of losing existing benefits, or social status. It can also be subconscious, a manifestation of spontaneous fear of unknown phenomena, unknown and uncontrollable social and natural laws. In both cases, T. is not just an individual property of the psyche of a particular person, but social phenomenon. It is associated either with selfishness, rooted in the psychology of people throughout centuries-old history private property, or with the powerlessness and depressed position of a person generated by a state of alienation (even fear of natural phenomena develops into T. only in certain conditions social life and the corresponding education of a person). Communist morality condemns terrorism because it leads to immoral actions: dishonesty, opportunism, unprincipledness, deprives a person of the ability to be a fighter for a just cause, and entails connivance with evil and injustice. Communist education of the individual and the masses, attracting people to active participation in the construction of a society of the future, man’s awareness of his place in the world, his purpose and capabilities, his subordination of natural and social laws contribute to the gradual eradication of T. from the life of individuals and society as a whole.
Synonyms : timidity, timidity, cowardice, suspiciousness, indecisiveness, hesitation, fear; apprehension, fear, shyness, cowardice, timidity, fearfulness, capitulation, cowardice, cowardice. Cowardice
Cowardice is a state of a person when he is afraid of literally everything: a new environment, changes in life, meeting new people. Fear fetters all his movements, preventing him from living with dignity and joy.
The basis of cowardice is often low self-esteem a person, fear of seeming funny, of being in an awkward position. A person would rather remain silent and try to be invisible.
A cowardly person will never take responsibility and will hide behind other people’s backs so that, if something happens, he will not be to blame.
Cowardice interferes with career advancement, in realizing your dreams, in achieving your goals. The indecisiveness characteristic of such a person will not allow him to reach the end along the intended path, since there will always be reasons that do not allow him to do this.
A cowardly person makes his life joyless. He always seems to be envying someone and something, and lives with caution.
However, a coward is terrible during difficult trials for the people and the country. Exactly cowardly people become traitors because they think first of all about themselves, about their lives. Fear pushes them to crime.
Cowardice is one of the most negative character traits of a person; you must try to overcome it in yourself.
An essay in the context of this aspect can be based on a comparison of opposite manifestations of personality - from determination and courage, manifestations of willpower and fortitude of some heroes to the desire to evade responsibility, hide from danger, show weakness, which can even lead to betrayal.
1. N.V. Gogol “Taras Bulba”
Ostap and Andriy are the two sons of Taras Bulba, the main character of the story by N.V. Gogol. Both were brought up in the same family and studied at the same seminary. Since childhood, both were instilled with the same high moral principles. Why did one become a traitor, and the other a hero? What pushed Andriy to a low act - to go against his comrades, his father? In fact, he became a coward because he could not stay true to what he was taught and showed weakness of character. What is this if not cowardice? Ostap heroically accepted martyrdom, boldly looking into the eyes of his enemies. How hard it was for him last minutes, so he wanted to see in the crowd strangers loved one. So he shouted, overcoming the pain: “Father! Where are you? Do you hear? The father, risking his life, supported his son, shouting from the crowd that he could hear him, his Ostap. People's actions are based on moral principles, which constitute the essence of his character. For Andriy, he always came first. Since childhood, he tried to dodge punishment, to hide behind other people's backs. And in the war, the first place was not his comrades, not his homeland, but his love for the young beauty - a Polish woman, for whose sake he betrayed everyone, went against his own people in battle. How can one not recall Taras’s famous speech about comradeship, in which he put loyalty to his comrades and comrades-in-arms in first place. “Let them all know what partnership means in the Russian land! If it comes to that, to die, then none of them will have to die like that!.. No one, no one!.. They don’t have enough mouse nature for that!” Andriy could not become like that, cowardly in the last minutes of his life looking into the eyes of his father, whom he betrayed. Ostap was always a proud, independent person, never hid behind the backs of others, always boldly answered for his actions, and during the war he turned out to be a real comrade of whom Taras could be proud. Remain brave to the end, do not show cowardice in your deeds and actions - this is the conclusion that readers of N.V. Gogol’s story, “Taras Bulba” come to, understanding how important it is to do the right, deliberate deeds and actions in life.
2. M.A. Sholokhov " Man's destiny»
War - serious challenge for the country, the people, for everyone individual person. She checks who is who. In war, everyone reveals himself in all his essence. Here you cannot play the role of a traitor or a coward. Here they become like that. Andrey Sokolov. His fate is the fate of millions of Soviet people who survived the war, who survived the terrible battle with fascism. He, like many others, remained a Man - devoted, brave, faithful to the people, loved ones, who did not lose the feeling of kindness, pity and mercy for others. The basis of his actions is love. Love for loved ones, country, life in general. This feeling makes him brave, courageous, helps him survive everything. severe tests that befell the hero: the death of his family, the terrible battles in which he participated, the horrors of captivity, the death of his comrades. How much do you need to have this great love to survive after all this!
Courage- this is an opportunity to overcome fear, which, of course, was characteristic of everyone during the war. However, not everyone could overcome this fear. Then cowardice crept into my heart - for myself, for my life. She literally took possession of a person, forcing him to betray. So one of the prisoners, soldier Kryzhnev, who, like Sokolov, fell into the hands of the fascists, decided to hand over the communist platoon commander (“... I don’t intend to answer for you”) in order to save his life. He had not yet experienced the horrors of captivity, but fear had already made him a coward, and cowardice led to the thought of betrayal. It’s hard to kill your own, but Andrei did it because this “friend” crossed the line beyond which there is betrayal, spiritual death, and the death of other people. Remain human in inhumane conditions, to be able to overcome your fear, showing courage, courage, not to become a coward and a traitor - this is a moral rule that a person simply must follow, no matter how difficult it may be.
Courage and cowardice in love.
Georgy Zheltkov is a minor official whose life is dedicated to unrequited love to Princess Vera. As you know, his love began long before her marriage, but he preferred to write letters to her and pursued her. The reason for this behavior lay in his lack of self-confidence and fear of being rejected. Perhaps if he were braver, he could become happy with the woman he loves. Vera Sheina was also afraid to be happy and wanted a calm marriage, without shocks, so she married the cheerful and handsome Vasily, with whom everything was very simple, but great love she didn't experience it. Only after the death of his admirer, looking at him dead body, Vera realized that the love that every woman dreams of had passed her by. The moral of this story is this: you need to be brave not only in everyday life, but also in love, you need to take risks without fear of being rejected. Only courage can lead to happiness, cowardice and, as a consequence, conformism leads to big disappointment, as it happened with Vera Sheina.
Examples of the manifestation of these human qualities can be found in almost any work of classical literature.
Works:
§ VC. Zheleznikov "Scarecrow"
§ M.A. Bulgakov: “The Master and Margarita”, “ White Guard»
§ J. Rowling “Harry Potter”
§ B.L. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet”
§ A.S. Pushkin: " Captain's daughter", "Eugene Onegin"
§ V.V. Bykov "Sotnikov"
§ S. Collins “The Hunger Games”
§ A.I. Kuprin " Garnet bracelet", "Olesya"
§ V.G. Korolenko “The Blind Musician”
§ J. Orwell “1984”
§ V. Roth “Divergent”
§ M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man"
§ M.Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time”, “Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young guardsman and swashbuckling merchant Kalashnikov"
§ N.V. Gogol “Taras Bulba”, “The Overcoat”
§ M. Gorky “Old Woman Izergil”
§ A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin"
Sample topics:
What does it mean to be brave?
Why does a person need courage?
What does cowardice lead to?
What actions does cowardice push a person to do?
In what life situations Is courage best demonstrated?
Do you need courage in love?
Do you need to have courage to admit your mistakes?
How do you understand the common expression “fear has big eyes”?
Is the saying “courage is half the battle” true?
What actions can be called courageous?
What is the difference between arrogance and courage?
Who can be called a coward?
Is it possible to cultivate courage in yourself?
1. The image of Olesya, the special traits of her character.
2. The feeling that Ivan Timofeevich had for Olesya.
3. Sacrifice and determination of a girl from Polesie.
... This means that fate does not want our happiness with you... And if not for this, do you think I would be afraid of anything?
A. I. Kuprin
Olesya, a tall twenty-four-year-old girl from Polesie, Volyn province, immediately struck the narrator, Ivan Timofeevich, with her unusualness, irresistibility, innate natural beauty and nature. She was much more beautiful than the local girls, because she did not hide her beauty: “A tall brunette, about twenty to twenty-five years old, she carried herself easily and slenderly. A spacious white shirt hung freely and beautifully around her young, healthy breasts. The original beauty of her face, once seen, could not be forgotten, but it was difficult, even after getting used to it, to describe it. Its charm lay in these large, shiny, dark eyes, to which thin eyebrows, broken in the middle, gave an elusive shade of slyness, authority and naivety; in the dark-pink tone of the skin, in the willful curve of the lips, of which the lower, somewhat fuller, protruded forward with a decisive and capricious look.” The granddaughter of the sorceress Manuilikha lived with her grandmother in a forest hut and was very attentive to the nature around her. Moreover, Olesya was an integral part of this living, almost pristine, unspoiled by the harmful human activity, nature. Starlings and finches lived in their hut with their grandmother. Olesya hated the very sight of a gun, because she knew that with its help people kill defenseless animals and birds: “Why beat birds or hares too? They do no harm to anyone, but they want to live just like you and me. I love them: they are small, so stupid...” Olesya had self-confidence, independence and a genuine sense of self-worth, some nobility and “innate graceful moderation.” The girl, who grew up in the forest and rarely went out into the village to buy soap and tea, had a lively, flexible and insightful mind. Despite some naivety and lack of education, Olesya had excellent innate intuition and some supernatural abilities hereditary healer and witch. And Ivan Timofeevich was especially attracted to Olesya by “her integral, original, free nature, her mind, both clear and shrouded in unshakable hereditary superstition, childishly innocent, but also not devoid of the sly coquetry of a beautiful woman.”
In the spring, when main character works felt “sadness, filled with restless expectations and vague forebodings,” met Olesya. They began to spend the evening hours together, talking a lot in different topics. Gradually this all grew into a special attachment. For the first time Ivan feels love feeling to Olesya before her illness, when the girl seemed to have lost interest in him: “I had not yet thought about love, but I was already experiencing an anxious period preceding love, full of vague, painfully sad sensations. Wherever I was, no matter what I tried to amuse myself with, all my thoughts were occupied with the image of Olesya, my whole being strove for her, every memory of her sometimes most insignificant words, of her gestures and smiles squeezed my soul with a quiet and sweet pain. heart". The half-month separation further inflamed Ivan Timofeevich’s love for the young forest dweller and, fortunately, the feeling turned out to be mutual. And until mid-June, the lovers enjoyed the “naive, charming fairy tale of their love.” But what did Ivan do to maintain this happiness, to become a protector and reliable support for his beloved for the rest of his life? He thought about marrying Olesya, but the strong, educated man still did not have the determination to tell his beloved that he would soon have to leave. The young forest dweller has to guess this sad news from Ivan Timofeevich. And he, proposing to her, expresses his consent to Olesya’s proposal to go to church. For some reason, Ivan thinks little about whether this “something very pleasant for him” will also be joyful for the girl herself? Will it be safe for the young witch? Unfortunately, Ivan Timofeevich does not attach special significance his anxiety inner voice, does not save his beloved from a fatal step and, as a result, loses her.
Olesya’s inner experiences are not described on the pages of the story, but her love is visible to us through her words, facial expressions, gestures, and actions. The forest girl is stronger, fearless and determined than her lover. After all, from the very beginning, after fortune telling on cards, she knew for sure that this love would bring her trouble. I learned that Ivan is “although a kind man, but only weak.” But she could not give up her happiness, nor the happiness of her beloved Vanya. And, in general, Olesya believed that fate could not be avoided. Her courage and independence are expressed not only in her proud statement to her grandmother Manuilikha, “My business, my answer,” but also in her other actions. It is she, Olesya, who persuades Ivan Timofeevich to have a close relationship, saying in response to his fears: “Today is our day, and no one will take it away from us...”. Sometimes there is a feeling that Olesya gave all of herself, all the best that she has to her lover. And Ivan Timofeevich himself feels her high dedication: “...And how much I read in Olesya’s big dark eyes: the excitement of the meeting, and the reproach for my long absence, and the ardent declaration of love... I felt that at the same time with her gaze Olesya gives me joyfully, without any conditions or hesitation, her entire being.” But not everything was smooth in the conversations between the young forest witch and Ivan: they had contradictions about religion. Vanya was a believing Christian, and Olesya felt that she, her grandmother, and her mother were always guided dark forces, devil. Feeling the bitterness of the upcoming separation, the girl selflessly decided to please her beloved and go to church for him. She did not hear any words of warning or resistance from her beloved. On the contrary, Ivan supported this intention, so dangerous for the young witch, with the words: “A woman should be pious without reasoning. In the simple and tender trust with which she places herself under the protection of God, I always feel something touching, feminine and beautiful.” Did Olesya know what she was getting into? Most likely yes... But she, unlike Ivan Timofeevich, knew how to sacrifice herself for the sake of her loved one. And she took upon herself all the blame, all the responsibility for the terrible consequences of this step. This means that Olesya is a truly strong, strong-willed and independent woman. The young witch regrets that she does not have a child from her beloved, but, overcoming physical and heartache, she herself becomes the initiator of the final separation from Ivan. In the end, Olesya is happy that she was able to bring the joy of love to Ivan Timofeevich.
Courage. What it is? I think that courage is decisiveness in thoughts and actions, the ability to stand up for yourself and for other people who need your help, overcoming all sorts of fears: for example, fear of the dark, of someone else's brute force, of life's obstacles and difficulties. Is it easy to be brave? Not easy. This quality probably needs to be cultivated from childhood. Overcoming your fears, moving forward despite difficulties, developing willpower, not being afraid to defend your opinion - all this will help cultivate in yourself such a quality as courage. Synonyms for the word “courage” are “courage”, “determination”, “courage”. The antonym is “cowardice.” Cowardice is one of the human vices. We are afraid of many things in life, but fear and cowardice are not the same thing. I think that out of cowardice comes meanness. A coward will always hide in the shadows, remain on the sidelines, fearing for his own own life, will betray to save himself.
People can be brave and cowardly both in war and in Everyday life, and even in love, people show their best and worst qualities. Let's look at examples from fiction.
The heroine of the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" Tatyana Larina - a girl from noble family, who grew up on her parents' estate. There are many of them, but we know that Tatyana differs from others in her intelligence, integrity of nature and even courage. After all, she was the first to confess her love to Onegin, wrote him a letter in which she told him about her feelings. This is a brave move. It was not customary in the society in which Tatyana lived and was raised to talk about her love or take the first step. But we do not despise the heroine of the novel, but admire her, because she does not know how to pretend or flirt, she behaves simply and naturally, and is capable of decisive actions. I think that Tatyana Larina is one of those women who will not be scared life difficulties who, if necessary, will follow his loved one to any test. And for this you need a brave and strong soul.
Such qualities as courage and cowardice in love are discussed in the wonderful story by A.I. Kuprin "Olesya". The heroine of the work, the “Polesie witch,” as ordinary people call her, is an integral and courageous person. For the sake of love, she is ready to do anything. Olesya does not give up on her beloved, even knowing that she has no future with him, that her happiness is short-lived. On the advice of Ivan Timofeevich, she goes to church, from where she is driven away and then beaten by evil and cowardly people. I think it's light and pure feeling Olesya deserves respect. But Ivan Timofeevich is different. Yes, he probably loves her, but he can’t imagine a girl who grew up in the middle of the forest, who can’t even read, in her living room, in fashionable dress, among the wives of his colleagues. His indecision can also be associated with cowardice in love. It was she who became the reason that the hero of the story lost Olesya forever. All that was left of her as a souvenir was a string of red beads. Talking about the love of Olesya and Ivan Timofeevich, the author wants to say that indecision and cowardice often prevent people from finding their happiness.
In conclusion, I would like to say that this topic essay made me think about what role courage and cowardice play in our lives, how to cultivate the best in ourselves human qualities, become brave and strong, don't be a coward.
