Why didn’t Olga Ilinskaya manage to awaken Oblomov to an active life!!! based on the novel by Oblomov (Goncharov I. A.)

The life of the main character of the novel I.A. Goncharov’s “Oblomov” can be compared to an almost motionless river, gradually turning into a swamp. The water in this river is motionless, gradually it becomes cloudy and begins to “bloom”. No life is noticeable in it, nothing will touch its stagnant waters. And only occasionally a bird flying by will land on its surface or an inconspicuous fish will gurgle somewhere. Anyone who passes by this river will think that soon it will be completely overgrown and turn into a swamp. But once upon a time it was a deep river, “filled to the brim” with life. So is the existence of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. Once upon a time this young gentleman served big hopes– he was not devoid of abilities, he dreamed of activities for the benefit of Russia, of his full and versatile life. But all this was at home, in Oblomovka. Where everyone, from his parents to every blade of grass, cared about Ilya Ilyich, loved him, protected him from the slightest breath of “harsh reality.” In St. Petersburg, when Oblomov was left alone with life, all his ardor quickly disappeared. The hero did not like to serve, sitting in the office all day, or to go to social events and have empty conversations, or to engage in science or art, making his way through hundreds of mediocrities. And gradually Oblomov withdrew into himself, limited his life to a minimum: he just lay on the sofa and... that’s it. The hero’s entire social circle boiled down to his servant Zakhar, the hero’s friend Stolz who occasionally visited him, and acquaintances who happened to drop by to see Ilya Ilyich. This is how the life of the hero of the novel would flow, gradually fading and not receiving any variety. But on life path For Ilya Ilyich, two important events arise for him - two love encounters. They not only greatly influenced Oblomov, changed his existence, but also fully reflected the character of the hero, the peculiarities of his nature. So, quite unexpectedly, Olga Ilyinskaya appears in the life of Ilya Ilyich. The meeting of these heroes is “provoked” by Oblomov’s friend, Stolz. It is he, trying to somehow “stir up” Ilya Ilyich, who takes him to Ilyinskaya’s for the evening. Undoubtedly, Oblomov could not help but be charmed by the lovely, sincere, natural girl with a magnificent operatic voice: “...the presence of a speaking thought shone in the watchful, always cheerful, never-missing gaze of dark, gray-blue eyes.” Olga was the first to become interested in such an unusual “specimen” as Oblomov. But he, noticing this girl’s attention to himself, could no longer let the memory of her out of his head. We can say that Ilya Ilyich fell in love: “Days after days passed: he was there with both feet, and hands, and head.” Under the influence of Olga, wanting to please her, to be worthy of her, Oblomov began to live an active intellectual and physical life: “He is with Olga from morning to evening; he reads with her, sends flowers, walks along the lake, in the mountains...” The hero was transformed externally and internally, the dreams and aspirations of his youth flared up in him again. And, it would seem, here it is - the hero’s transformation has occurred! However, soon “everything fell into place” - Oblomov’s nature took precedence over his dreams. It should be noted that Olga's love was not love in in every sense this word. Ilyinskaya saw in Ilya Ilyich not a beloved man, but a close friend who needed care, “ strong hand", constant control. For this heroine, Oblomov was a reflection of her own virtue, a confirmation of her own greatness and nothing more. Ilya Ilyich probably felt this when the love fever passed. The hero realized that Olga was not for him and loved him by “accident,” because he simply “came into the picture” at the right moment: “She was ready to receive love, her heart was sensitively waiting, and he met by accident, got in by mistake ... Another one will only appear - and she will sober up with horror from her mistake!” As a result, he writes a letter that helps to break off all relations with Ilyinskaya. What does this episode of Oblomov’s “renunciation” mean? What does it highlight in the guise of a hero? It seems to me that Ilya Ilyich’s spiritual sensitivity, his extraordinary tact, and ability to understand another person and understand his feelings are also evident here. This means that the hero is not as apathetic and lazy as he seems; his soul and mind are alive. On the other hand, we see that Oblomov is cowardly and unsure of himself. He, loving Olga, did not fight for her, deciding in advance that he would lose in the fight against future competitors. Thus, in my opinion, Olga Ilyinskaya failed to resurrect Oblomov because of the character of the main character. Fear, inertia, laziness, on the one hand, and kindness, uncertainty, and a tendency to doubt, on the other, led to the fact that the main character’s changes stopped halfway. In addition, of course, Oblomov loved Ilyinskaya, but did she love him? I think no. These heroes were not suitable for each other, they could not build a family - their romance was doomed to end very quickly. But, and this is undoubtedly, he spiritually enriched both Oblomov and Ilyinskaya.

Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” is the brightest socio-psychological work of the 19th century. In the novel, the author raises a series eternal themes relating to relationships between people, a person’s search for his place in the world, as well as issues of meaning human life. Central story line The book revolves around a description of the fate of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a reflective, dreamy, introverted person. In the life of a hero up to thirty extra years there were no special shocks, losses or sudden changes - he avoided them in every possible way, trying in any way to escape the activity of the outside world. However, fate decided differently for him: the most important test in life for Oblomov was the test of love.

A strong, all-encompassing, spontaneous feeling burst into his life unexpectedly, for a while completely upending the hero’s entire worldview, his attitude to the world and life. Olga Ilyinskaya became for Oblomov a person who forced him to take a fresh look at his passive life, give up his usual time spent on the couch and forget about his dressing gown, replacing it with a secular suit. However, despite the rapid development and mutual feelings, their relationship ended in a quick break - and the reasons for this lie, first of all, in the different upbringing of the heroes, their characters and life values.

Oblomov and Olga: a meeting of two opposites

To understand why the relationship between Oblomov and Olga became a test for both heroes, it is important to remember the conditions under which the characters developed, who influenced the development of their characters and what their basic life values were.

Ilya Ilyich grew up in a remote provincial corner of Russia, where time flowed very slowly, measured not in minutes and seconds, but in entire seasons. The pacifying, sleepy, overly calm atmosphere of Oblomovism could not leave its mark on young hero: little Ilya was a very active and curious child, but excessive parental care created from him a kind of “greenhouse plant” - a driven, dependent person, incapable of active work. On the other hand, beautiful scenery Oblomovki, its unique harmonious nature, intertwined with the fantastic plots of fairy tales and legends that the nanny told Ilya, also influenced the development of the hero’s personality. All this fostered in him dreaminess, poetry, the ability to appreciate the beauty of the world around him, but also escapism, the idea that even if he does nothing, wonderful changes will come into his life.

In contrast to the apathetic, introverted, reflective Oblomov, Olga appears in the novel as a bright, purposeful, self-confident girl. Having received good upbringing and education, Ilyinskaya continues to develop, constantly learning something new, for her there are no boundaries or barriers in this knowledge, and any mistake or failure only inflames passion in her, forcing her to move forward more confidently. (For Oblomov, the first and only failure in his career was the end of his professional activity– after this the hero completely refused to work, finally plunging into the world of unrealistic illusions).

The characters' life goals were also completely different. Bright, active Olga wanted, if not to change the world, then at least to influence its changes, to introduce something new and important into the development of society. Oblomov saw his happiness in finding the lost atmosphere of Oblomovka, which in his memories was similar earthly paradise- a quiet, calm place where he would not have to answer for anything or decide anything himself.

Why didn't Olga manage to change Oblomov?

The differences between the characters also affected their relationships. In her love for Ilya Ilyich, Olga, first of all, saw her duty to change him, to make him a completely different person - active and purposeful. At the same time, the girl’s leading motive was not pure love And sincere desire happiness to her beloved, but her own egoism, the fact that it is she who will make of him the prototype of an ideal (in her opinion) personality. Oblomov expected from their relationship something similar to the relationship between his father and mother. In Olga the hero saw an idealized image beautiful muse, who will be ready to live with him in Oblomov’s paradise, creating an atmosphere of half-asleep and tranquility so attractive to the hero. This misunderstanding between the characters, hidden by the beautiful veil of love, is the reason for the separation of lovers. However, their relationship became important lesson for both characters, having a different impact on their future fate.

As mentioned above, in childhood Oblomov associated himself with the heroes of children's fairy tales and legends, all the time waiting for that very turning point, a miracle that would completely turn his life around. It was precisely such a miracle that befell Ilya Ilyich, like Emelya lying on the stove, that became the hero’s test of love. Oblomov knew that according to the plot of fairy tales, a previously passive character, after going through a series of difficulties, became a different personality, his inner potential was revealed, and he reached unprecedented heights.

However, as Goncharov shows in his novel, fairy tales are too far from reality. Oblomov does not pass this test - unlike fairy tale characters, he lacks the determination to change himself, go through all the trials and open up to the world. Perhaps the reason for this was his age - after all, as indicated in the novel, in his youth Ilya Ilyich was ready to strive forward when he was constantly motivated to do so. But at over thirty years old, the hero was already a fully formed personality; he did not want to change even for the sake of his beloved. Oblomov wanted to find a woman who could love him with the introverted, dreamy hulk that he really is. As a result, the hero retreats before the test that arises, literally laying down his arms and refusing to fight for his happiness.

At the end of the novel, Ilya Ilyich finds his happiness in marriage with Agafya Pshenitsyna - a quiet, homely, economic woman who managed to fall in love with him real person, and not an illusory, embellished image. Moreover, Pshenitsyna was able to create for the hero that very atmosphere of “Oblomovism” that he had strived for all his life.

Did Oblomov pass the test of love?

It is impossible to give a definite answer to the question of whether the hero passed the test of love. On the one hand, he could not become better, could not step over his laziness and daydreaming, start a new, active, completely different life, the opposite of his gradual degradation on the sofa. On the other hand, as in the plot of fairy tales, the hero in the end finds the expected happiness - peace in Pshenitsyna’s house. In this case, it is acceptable that the test consisted of checking true values hero: is he ready to change his true dreams for the sake of Olga’s ephemeral ideals? Goncharov does not give us an exact answer, so the novel leaves open questions, which continue to be pondered and modern readers, revealing new facets of a brilliant work.

An essay on the topic “Oblomov’s test of love” was published solely for informational purposes for 10th grade students.

Work test

In Goncharov’s novel, the reader is presented with the good-natured landowner Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, a lazy and apathetic person to everything, whom nothing can awaken to life. He lies on the sofa all day, rarely worries about anything, being in constant dreams and fairy tales invented by himself. Moreover, Oblomov notices his shortcomings, but does not seek to change himself, he only asks the question: “Why am I like this?”

And this is how he was raised in a patriarchal serf environment in his native estate of Oblomovka, a wild corner of Russia, where they do not like work, where they believe superstitions and stories of old people, where peace, affection, kindness and tranquility reign, where they do not know the worries and hardships of life. Blessed land! But it was precisely this region that turned the cheerful and lively boy Ilyusha into a pampered, careless and passive gentleman, for whom any movement (not to mention work) and change in his ordinary life– this is hard work, even punishment. Oblomov does not act, but only dreams and does not even think about making his dreams come true. And he dreams of serene life, dreams of having a family: loving wife who would take care of him, his children, his home. But his dreams remain dreams. Oblomov doesn’t go anywhere, he’s always in his apartment. And Ilya Ilyich’s everyday life is rarely busy. Only his friend Andrei Ivanovich Stolz was able to “revive” Oblomov.

Stolz was the complete opposite of Oblomov. Active and decisive, he did not waste a single moment of his life. Oblomov appreciated and respected his friend for his constant support and help, Stolz brought Oblomov into his black and white life bright colors. Andrei Ivanovich, in turn, although he did not approve of Ilya Ilyich’s lifestyle, appreciated his “honest, faithful heart,” which was “like a deep well” and “he never loved anyone so firmly and ardently.” Stolz tried with all his might not to let Oblomov wither: he invited him to secular society, invited me to go abroad, and eventually introduced me to Olga, an energetic and extraordinary girl. But Oblomov resisted almost all the changes that Stolz tried to make in his life. How many promises did Oblomov make to his friend, how many times did he agree with him? But as soon as Stolz left (and he traveled a lot), he immediately returned to his former life. And Stolz described his life style and main illness figuratively, but aptly: “Oblomovism.” Oblomov himself understands that “his life began with extinction” and it is necessary to change it “now or never.” What can change Oblomov if even friendship is not able to do this? Only love.

This bright feeling - love - turned Oblomov’s whole world upside down. Olga Sergeevna Ilyinskaya, in whom there was neither affectation nor coquetry, was able to make Oblomov (albeit temporarily) a different person: active and cheerful. She became a guiding star for him, a ray of light. For Olga, love is a duty, she “admired and was proud of this man, prostrate at her feet, by her own strength.” But she loved not the present, but the future Oblomov, whom she tried to create, like Pygmalion Galatea. What did she expect from him? “I am your goal,” you say, and you walk towards it so timidly, slowly; and you still have a long way to go; you must become taller than me. I saw happy people how they love, everything is in full swing for them, and their peace is not like yours; they don't lower their heads...they act! And you... no, it doesn’t seem like love, that I was your goal...”, Olga says to Oblomov. The latter understands that they will not be happy with Olga. “They don’t like people like me,” he says, but still he loves Olga, Oblomov is capable of a strong exciting feeling and soul feelings, although chores and everyday problems frighten him, he is not ready for them even for the sake of the woman he loves. Olga hopes that she can revive Oblomov, and he will live for her, but he “died a long time ago.” She asks him, “Will you be what I need?” But he receives a negative answer. Olga could not, like Stolz, save Oblomov.

The reason that nothing could save Oblomov is revealed by the hero of the work himself. “Why did everything die? – Olga asks. - Who cursed you, Ilya? What did you do? You are kind, smart, gentle, noble... and... you are dying! What ruined you? There is no name for this evil...” But Oblomov replies: “There is. Oblomovism! Oblomov’s main illness is to blame for everything. But what is Oblomovism? For Oblomov - a dream, for Stolz and Olga - Oblomov’s whole life, which they so stubbornly wanted to change. The critic Dobrolyubov called Oblomovism “the vile habit of receiving satisfaction of one’s desires not from one’s own efforts, but from others.” But no matter what concept we give, no matter from what point of view we look at it, it was Oblomovism that prevented the main character from living a full life.

And this is how he was raised in a patriarchal serf environment in his native estate of Oblomovka, a wild corner of Russia, where they do not like work, where they believe superstitions and stories of old people, where peace, affection, kindness and tranquility reign, where they do not know the worries and hardships of life. Blessed land! But it was precisely this region that turned the cheerful and lively boy Ilyusha into a pampered, careless and passive gentleman, for whom any movement (not to mention work) and change in his ordinary life is hard work, even punishment. Oblomov does not act, but only dreams and does not even think about making his dreams come true. And he dreams of a serene life, dreams of having a family: a loving wife who would take care of him, children, his own home. But his dreams remain dreams. Oblomov doesn’t go anywhere, he’s always in his apartment. And Ilya Ilyich’s everyday life is rarely busy. Only his friend Andrei Ivanovich Stolz was able to “revive” Oblomov.

Stolz was the complete opposite of Oblomov. Active and decisive, he did not waste a single moment of his life. Oblomov appreciated and respected his friend for his constant support and help, Stolz brought bright colors into Oblomov’s black and white life. Andrei Ivanovich, in turn, although he did not approve of Ilya Ilyich’s lifestyle, appreciated his “honest, faithful heart,” which was “like a deep well” and “he never loved anyone so firmly and ardently.” Stolz tried with all his might not to let Oblomov wither away: he invited him to high society, invited him abroad, and finally introduced him to Olga, an energetic and extraordinary girl. But Oblomov resisted almost all the changes that Stolz tried to make in his life. How many promises did Oblomov make to his friend, how many times did he agree with him? But as soon as Stolz left (and he traveled a lot), he immediately returned to his former life. And Stolz described his life style and main illness figuratively, but aptly: “Oblomovism.” Oblomov himself understands that “his life began with extinction” and it is necessary to change it “now or never.” What can change Oblomov if even friendship is not able to do this? Only love.

This bright feeling - love - turned Oblomov’s whole world upside down. Olga Sergeevna Ilyinskaya, in whom there was neither affectation nor coquetry, was able to make Oblomov (albeit temporarily) a different person: active and cheerful. She became a guiding star for him, a ray of light. For Olga, love is a duty, she “admired and was proud of this man, prostrate at her feet, by her own strength.” But she loved not the present, but the future Oblomov, whom she tried to create, like Pygmalion Galatea. What did she expect from him? “I am your goal,” you say, and you walk towards it so timidly, slowly; and you still have a long way to go; you must become taller than me. I have seen happy people, how they love, everything is in full swing for them, and their peace is not like yours; they don't lower their heads...they act! And you... no, it doesn’t seem like love, that I was your goal...”, Olga says to Oblomov. The latter understands that they will not be happy with Olga. “They don’t like people like me,” he says, but still he loves Olga. Oblomov is capable of strong exciting feelings and emotional experiences, although troubles and everyday problems frighten him, he is not ready for them even for the sake of the woman he loves. Olga hopes that she can revive Oblomov, and he will live for her, but he “died a long time ago.” She asks him, “Will you be what I need?” But he receives a negative answer. Olga could not, like Stolz, save Oblomov.

// Why couldn’t love for Olga Ilyinskaya save Oblomov? (from a letter to a friend)

...You ask, Inna, about my summer impressions.

I will be happy to tell you about them.

First of all - nature. Do you remember how stuffy and dusty our city was in July? And suddenly I was in heaven. Quiet, thoughtful river, clean sandy shore, forest all around, birch groves, lovely sunny meadows. And above all this - high clear sky with light transparent clouds.

But my main impression is connected with the book, and even - you won’t believe it - from the list of works for compulsory reading.

At home they call me a book-eater (you know, I really like to read), but when something is forced on me, it always causes a protest. And here is Oblomov! It turns out that this is grandma's favorite book. I started reading so as not to offend my golden granny. At first it was a bit boring, but then I got so carried away that I forgot about the river. And all the time I thought: what sages the classics were, how they knew how to read in souls! After all, the novel was written a hundred and fifty years ago, but it’s as if it’s about us, about our experiences, about things that you don’t even dare admit to yourself.

While reading, I realized how scary it is when deeds are replaced by words, when dreams are divorced from life, when a person understands what needs to be done, how to act in order to achieve happiness, but laziness and apathy destroy him and do not allow him to rise. Really, why don't people fly? Why couldn’t love for Olga Ilyinskaya, this beautiful, talented, poetic girl, save Oblomov? After all, at first it was as if he had awakened from a heavy sleep: he got up from the sofa, threw off his robe, and began to read in order to talk about what he had read with Olga. Lethargy, drowsiness, and apathy disappeared. "Blooming Poem of Love" unfolds against the backdrop spring landscapes. As a sign of your love

Olga gives Oblomov flowering branch lilac. And so he writes a letter to his beloved girl. Sincerely, without sparing himself, he tells Olga about his human weakness, lack of will. His love turned out to be wingless. Oblomov saw in her, this love, “the most difficult school of life.” I was amazed that, having written a letter in which he actually renounces Olga, from love, Ilya Ilyich did not feel grief, moreover, he felt almost cheerful.

In my opinion, the scene of farewell between Oblomov and Olga is amazing. This is the decisive moment, it requires full effort. And what do we see?! Olga, who for a very long time believed that she would be able to revive her beloved, help him change his attitude towards life, now realized that all her efforts were in vain. She is in great pain, but the girl finds the strength to pronounce a merciless sentence on her loved one and part with him forever. And Oblomov in this scene seems especially pitiful and helpless to me. In response to Olga’s bitter reproaches, he “smiled somehow pitifully, painfully and bashfully, like a beggar who was reproached for his nakedness. He sat with this smile of powerlessness, weakened from excitement and resentment; his extinguished gaze clearly said: “Yes, I am meager, pathetic, beggar... beat, beat me...” It is not contempt, but sympathy and sympathy that Oblomov evokes in me in this scene. Maybe I'm wrong, I don't know, but that's how I feel. I regret that the wonderful aria that brought tears to Ilya Ilyich’s eyes, the branch of lilac, the thrill of happiness, and dreams of rebirth are all in the past.

I have nothing to blame Olga for: she sincerely wanted to save Oblomov and did everything she could for this. But dovelike tenderness is not enough for her; she dreams of an active, meaningful, useful life. And kind, smart, gentle and noble man turned out to be too weak to become her reliable companion. And again I ask myself: “What ruined Oblomov, why didn’t even Olga with her love become an anchor of salvation for him?”

It would seem, what does this matter to me, living a century and a half after Oblomov and Olga?

But I think, I think... I repeat: “The lilacs have withered... The snow... has covered everything.”

The fate of Ilya Ilyich is not indifferent to me. What ruined him was “Oblomovism” - Oblomov’s upbringing, Oblomov’s way of life, Oblomov’s sleepy laziness. Yes, he is a gentleman and doesn’t know how to do anything, because he is used to (and has the opportunity) to live on the labor of others.

But such a character, such an attitude to life can develop in our time, albeit in a different form, and then nothing will save. Maybe reading “Oblomov”, for the first time I thought seriously about life, about my responsibility for how my destiny will turn out.

I was especially excited by the moment when Oblomov clearly realizes what destroyed him. To Olga’s question: “What ruined you? There is no name for this evil” - Ilya Ilyich answers in a barely audible voice:

“There is... Oblomovism!” As you can see, he pronounces the verdict on himself. He understands everything, but is powerless to change himself. This is a tragedy for any person.

This is what I thought about while walking through the sunny meadows, admiring the shine of the through birch groves, listening to the rustling of the foliage. It seems that I have matured a lot this summer. Thanks to I. A. Goncharov for “Oblomov”, for the talented life lesson, for forcing me to re-evaluate my actions, my life, my relationships with loved ones. And I also realized that “upbringing is a great thing: it decides a person’s fate.”