Pioneers - Heroes. Pioneers - Heroes of the Great Patriotic War (20 photos) Stories about young pioneer heroes

Current page: 1 (book has 12 pages in total)

Preface

GRISHA'S LIFE

ON THE ASSIGNMENT OF THE PARTIZANS

PIONEER CACHE

"BABA SOWED PEAS..."

TASK COMPLETED!

LITTLE AGITATOR

THE ENEMY'S MACHINE GUNS FALLED OUT

GUERILLA BOOK

TRUMPETER OF THE 44TH REGIMENT

HE DID NOT SAY A WORD

LIGHTER

THE HERO WAS FOURTEEN YEARS OLD

GUERILLA RELATIONSHIP

HEROES NEAR YOU

GREAT-GRANDSON OF IVAN SUSANIN

YURKA LEADS STRAIGHT...

TWO EPISODES

FIGHT!

THERE IS SUCH A VILLAGE SARYA

MINES EXPLODED...

INSPIRATION

ECHELON DESTROYED

IN THE OZERYANSKY FORESTS

TOGETHER WITH ADULTS

FOREST SCHOOL

ONLY FORWARD

HE DREAMED OF BECOMING A HUNTER

THUNDER OF WAR

WITH A TIE ON THE CHEST

AS LONG AS THE HEART BEATS

YOUNG POSTMAN

YUNGA'S OATH

SCOUT'S FEAT

GUERILLA SCIENCE

THE MAN FROM THE VILLAGE OF PALENKA

VASYA-PARTIZAN

ON ROAD

HOLIDAY FIREWORKS

GAVROCHES OF HARSH TIMES

Zhenkin's Arsenal

Hit, rifle!

The girl was fifteen

Gavrusha the machine gunner

One against ten

PIONEERS DON'T GIVE UP!

UNDERGROUND FRONT FIGHTER

YOUNG PARTIZAN

AT THE COMBAT POST

RESCUE BANNER

SINGED CHILDHOOD

PAGES OF YOUTH HOT

STEPKA-TANKER

Preface

The troubles cannot be counted, the grief brought by the fascist occupiers to our land cannot be measured. They destroyed factories, factories, institutes, residential buildings, villages.

The Hitlerites carried out the misanthropic plan of German imperialism - to completely deprive the Belarusian people of their national culture, to turn Soviet people into powerless slaves...

But do not bring our people to their knees. Under the leadership of the Communist Party, they rose up in a brutal struggle against the black invasion.

Young avengers – pioneers – also fought alongside the adults. They were scouts, guides, fiery agitators, demolitionists, they obtained weapons from the enemy and handed them over to the partisans... It is impossible to tell about everything that the pioneers did during the war. Young patriots did not spare their blood or lives in the name of the Motherland, in the name of a bright future.

The feat of arms of the young Leninists of Belarus is a brilliant page in the glorious history of the pioneer organization named after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin.

Let's hope that this book about pioneer heroes, like the book “We Will Never Forget,” created on the initiative of the editors of the newspaper “Piyaner Belarusi,” will find a wide response among young readers.

V.E. Lobanok,

Hero of the Soviet Union,

former partisan commander

GRISHA'S LIFE

M. Danilenko

It was the end of April. The lark had already soared into the sky, and this little bird had nothing to do with the fact that war was raging in the world, blood was being shed somewhere, people were dying every moment.

And then, one April night, trouble came to Sebrovichi: the former kulak, burgomaster Mikhail Mylnikov, betrayed the partisan families. He also betrayed Grisha’s father, who, on instructions from an underground organization, “served” as the chief of police.

At night, punitive forces surrounded the village. Grisha woke up from some sound. He opened his eyes and looked out the window. A shadow flashed across the moonlit glass.

- Dad! – Grisha called quietly.

- Sleep, what do you want? - the father responded.

But the boy did not sleep anymore. Stepping barefoot on the cold floor, he quietly went out into the hallway. And then I heard someone tear open the doors and several pairs of boots thundered heavily into the hut.

The boy rushed into the garden, where there was a bathhouse with a small extension. Through the crack in the door Grisha saw his father, mother and sisters being taken out. Nadya was bleeding from her shoulder, and the girl was pressing the wound with her hand...

Until dawn, Grisha stood in the outbuilding and looked ahead with wide open eyes. The moonlight filtered sparingly. Somewhere an icicle fell from the roof and crashed on the rubble with a quiet ringing sound. The boy shuddered. He felt neither cold nor fear.

That night a small wrinkle appeared between his eyebrows. Appeared never to disappear again. Grisha's family was shot by the Nazis.

A thirteen-year-old boy with an unchildishly stern look walked from village to village. I went to Sozh.

He knew that somewhere across the river his brother Alexei was, there were partisans. A few days later Grisha came to the village of Yametsky.

A resident of this village, Feodosia Ivanova, was a liaison officer for a partisan detachment commanded by Pyotr Antonovich Balykov. She brought the boy to the detachment.

The detachment's commissar, Pavel Ivanovich Dedik, and the chief of staff, Alexey Podobedov, listened to Grisha with stern faces. And he stood in a torn shirt, with his legs knocked against the roots, with an unquenchable fire of hatred in his eyes.

The partisan life of Grisha Podobedov began. And no matter what mission the partisans were sent on, Grisha always asked to take him with them. And Balykov’s detachment soon grew into the First Gomel Partisan Brigade. The partisans controlled a fairly large area - the entire area between the Sozh and Pokati rivers. 113 settlements were completely cleared of Nazi invaders, and Soviet power was restored in these villages. The village of Volosevichi became the center of the liberated area. The executive committee of the district council was created there.

Grisha Podobedov became an excellent partisan intelligence officer. Somehow the messengers reported that the Nazis, together with policemen from Korma, robbed the population. They took 30 cows and everything they could get their hands on and were heading towards the Sixth Village. The detachment set off in pursuit of the enemy. The operation was led by Pyotr Antonovich Balykov.

“Well, Grisha,” said the commander. – You will go with Alena Konashkova on reconnaissance. Find out where the enemy is staying, what he is doing, what he is thinking of doing.

And so a tired woman with a hoe and a bag wanders into the Sixth Village, and with her a boy dressed in a large padded jacket that is too large for his size.

“They sowed millet, good people,” the woman complained, turning to the police. – Try to raise these fellings with a little one. It's not easy, oh, it's not easy!

And no one, of course, noticed how the boy’s keen eyes followed each soldier, how they noticed everything.

Grisha visited five houses where fascists and policemen stayed. And I found out about everything, then reported in detail to the commander. A red rocket soared into the sky. And a few minutes later it was all over: the partisans drove the enemy into a cleverly placed “bag” and destroyed him. The stolen goods were returned to the population.

Grisha also went on reconnaissance missions before the memorable battle near the Pokat River.

With a bridle, limping (a splinter had gotten into his heel), the little shepherd scurried among the Nazis. And such hatred burned in his eyes that it seemed that it alone could incinerate his enemies.

And then the scout reported how many guns he saw at the enemies, where there were machine guns and mortars. And from partisan bullets and mines, the invaders found their graves on Belarusian soil.

At the beginning of June 1943, Grisha Podobedov, together with partisan Yakov Kebikov, went on reconnaissance to the area of ​​​​the village of Zalesye, where a punitive company from the so-called Dnepr volunteer detachment was stationed. Grisha snuck into the house where the drunken punishers were having a party.

The partisans silently entered the village and completely destroyed the company. Only the commander was saved; he hid in a well. In the morning, a local grandfather pulled him out of there, like a filthy cat, by the scruff of the neck...

This was the last operation in which Grisha Podobedov participated. On June 17, together with foreman Nikolai Borisenko, he went to the village of Ruduya Bartolomeevka to buy flour prepared for the partisans.

The sun shone brightly. A gray bird fluttered on the roof of the mill, watching people with its cunning little eyes. Broad-shouldered Nikolai Borisenko had just loaded a heavy sack onto the cart when the pale miller came running.

- Punishers! – he exhaled.

The foreman and Grisha grabbed their machine guns and rushed into the bushes growing near the mill. But they were noticed. Evil bullets whistled, cutting off the branches of the alder tree.

- Get down! - Borisenko gave the command and fired a long burst from the machine gun.

Grisha, aiming, fired short bursts. He saw how the punishers, as if they had stumbled upon an invisible barrier, fell, mowed down by his bullets.

- So for you, so for you!..

Suddenly the sergeant-major gasped loudly and grabbed his throat. Grisha turned around. Borisenko twitched all over and fell silent. His glassy eyes were now looking indifferently at the high sky, and his hand was stuck, as if stuck, in the stock of the machine gun.

The bush, where only Grisha Podobedov now remained, was surrounded by enemies. There were about sixty of them.

Grisha clenched his teeth and raised his hand. Several soldiers immediately rushed towards him.

- Oh, you Herods! What did you want?! - the partisan shouted and slashed at them point-blank with a machine gun.

Six Nazis fell at his feet. The rest lay down. More and more often bullets whistled over Grisha’s head. The partisan was silent and did not respond. Then the emboldened enemies rose again. And again, under well-aimed machine gun fire, they pressed into the ground. And the machine gun had already run out of cartridges. Grisha pulled out a pistol.

- I give up! - he shouted.

A tall and thin as a pole policeman ran up to him at a trot. Grisha shot him straight in the face. For an elusive moment, the boy looked around at the sparse bushes and clouds in the sky and, putting the pistol to his temple, pulled the trigger...

When the partisans arrived at the scene of the battle, they saw eleven killed punitive forces around Grisha. Many were still writhing, wounded by his bullets.

Grisha Podobedov was buried in Chechersk in a mass partisan grave on Castle Hill. From here, where the majestic monument rises, endless meadows beyond Chechera and Sozh are visible. Trucks gather dust along the roads to the regional center; jet planes fly by like meteors in the high sky, leaving a trail behind them. And flowers grow on the grave. A lot of them. The planted trees are growing. Years will pass, and they will rustle with thick, lush crowns. They will make noise like this song about Grisha:

The sun of the pines gilds the tops,

Fog is spreading over Chechera...

Sleeping in a common grave at the edge of the forest

Grisha Podobedov, partisan.

Who said the fight turned out great?

The soldier just lay down to rest,

Maybe for a minute

And he holds a machine gun in his hand.

And there is no need to be surprised here,

What does not hear the battle song;

He lived a great life, guys.

Many adults cannot live like this.

This song soars high

Flows over the expanses of fields,

Expands from edge to edge...

Song, song!

Life is alive in her.

ON THE ASSIGNMENT OF THE PARTIZANS

Y. Ivanovsky

Viktor Pashkevich had never experienced such a joyless, such an alarming autumn as the autumn of 1941. School was out of the question. The Nazis closed it. You also cannot go to the Berezina to fish or to the forest to pick nuts. Leaving the city is prohibited on pain of death. There isn't even a book to read.

And so for everything that is not to the fascists’ taste - execution, execution, execution...

Eh!.. And how wonderful it was before the war! Wherever you want, go there, whatever you want, do it.

And what could be done so that there would be no fascists in their native land as quickly as possible?

Victor sat dejectedly by the window with his insoluble question. It was already dark on the street, only occasionally the dead white light of rockets flooded the blocks, and then the outlines of neighboring houses were clearly visible. From time to time shots crackled dryly.

Victor was about to go to bed. But someone carefully knocked on the window. So carefully that the boy at first thought: “Maybe it seemed like it?” But the knock was repeated again and again.

- Mother! – Vitya walked up to the bed and touched his mother’s shoulder. - Someone is knocking.

- I hear you, son. Go open it. If a stranger doesn't knock so carefully, they'll start breaking in. This is someone else.

Victor threw away the hook. A man came into the house. From the very beginning he asked:

- Curtain the windows and light the lamp.

When all this was finally done, mother looked at the stranger and joyfully exclaimed:

- Andrey Konstantinovich! Alive and healthy!

Victor also recognized the man. It was Uncle Andrei, the same Red Army commander who lived in their apartment before the war. True, now he was wearing neither military uniform nor weapons. He was dressed like a worker - in a padded jacket and cotton trousers. But Uncle Andrei did not change anything either in appearance or in gestures.

The night visitor began asking about the situation in the city, he wanted to find out in detail where what units were stationed, what they were armed with, and how many soldiers there were. Then he spoke about the situation at the front. It was not easy. But Uncle Andrei’s voice sounded with firm confidence.

- A little more, and the fascist will run, roll back. A huge force is gathering at the front for a decisive blow. And in the rear there is no salvation for the aliens. Have you heard, perhaps, about partisans?

- Well, what are you doing? – Uncle turned to Victor. - Of course, you don’t study?

- No. But even if the Nazis opened a school, I still wouldn’t go to it. – This answer sounded quietly but firmly.

“And yet something needs to be done.” Don't sit idly by.

- What should we do, Uncle Andrei?

Bold, naive boyish eyes looked at the commander. They contained an impatient question, even a demand: “What? Tell me. I will do everything I can.”

“There are a lot of things to do now, big, important things,” Uncle Andrei said, looking at Victor with a questioning glance, “and these things are for those who value the freedom of the Motherland most dearly...

Some inner push forced Victor to stand up.

- I am a pioneer. I made a solemn promise to be faithful to the Motherland!..

That day they didn’t sleep in the Pashkevich house until well after midnight. The mother was in the kitchen preparing dinner for the guest, and he kept sitting with Victor in the room and telling him what to do and how to do it.

And when, already at dawn, he extended his hand in farewell, Victor shook it firmly, like an adult, and said:

- I will, comrade commander!

I'll do it. This promise was binding. And Victor diligently prepared to carry out the first combat mission in his life. He went on reconnaissance missions several times.

Finally, when everything was ready, I decided to act. I left the house early, at dawn. Not far beyond their garden was a barbed wire fence. It was the Germans who fenced off their temporary weapons warehouse. Rifles, machine guns, and boxes of ammunition were stored here mainly under tarpaulins. This is where the boy headed. Just not openly, but crawling, on your bellies. Here is a familiar hillock, overgrown with tall, yellowed grass. From here the wire is just a stone's throw away. Just opposite, right next to the ground, under the wire, there is a gap. She is such that Victor can freely crawl to the other side.

But there is no need to rush. First you need to thoroughly study the behavior of the German sentry. How long does it take to go in one direction, how long does it take to stay at the opposite end of the warehouse, and how long does it take to go back? Knowing this, you can seize an opportune moment and crawl under the wire.

When the soldier slowly walked past the weapons warehouse for the third time and turned the corner, Victor slid like a lizard under the wire and quickly rushed towards the warehouse. Lifting the edge of the tarpaulin, he saw a whole pile of brand new, heavily oiled rifles. Victor, without hesitation, grabbed the nearest one and crawled back.

On the hillock behind the fence I looked back. The sentry has just turned in this direction. The boy wiped the sweat from his forehead and pressed his hand to his chest: his heart was beating very loudly.

About five minutes later the rifle was carefully hidden in a previously prepared hiding place, and Victor went home.

Enough for the first time. It was reconnaissance. And tomorrow he will try to get not one, but two, maybe even four rifles. He will take two at a time. True, it will be a little hard to drag them crawling, but that’s okay. It must be even harder at the front...

When Uncle Andrei visited the Pashkevichs again a week later, Victor proudly reported:

- Eight rifles and a box of cartridges!

- This is great! Well done. Thank you very much partisan. Just watch, be careful.

– Be careful!

And again, day after day, day after day, Victor set off on his dangerous journey. Crawling to the warehouse, crawling back to the hiding place. Crawling to the warehouse, crawling back. And all this under the very nose of the sentry; in any weather, regardless of anything.

Sometimes he returned home exhausted, wet to the last thread, and immediately fell into bed. But dawn came, and the boy took up his task again. He knew: the partisans needed weapons, a lot of weapons. We need to get it if possible.

On the eve of the 24th anniversary of the October Revolution, Viktor, through Uncle Andrey, immediately sent 25 rifles, three light machine guns and 30 grenades to the partisans. This was his gift to the Great October holiday.

And now the next task has been received: to obtain weapons in large quantities. It was impossible to cope with such a task alone. Uncle Andrey said:

– We need to create an underground group. Select reliable guys, tell them about the partisans, about the situation at the front. In general, let them understand that the underground group is not your boyish invention, but a real organization whose task is to help the partisans in the fight against the fascists... Do this, and things will go even better for us. Just always remember: don’t forget about caution, not for a minute, not day or night. We are cunning, but the enemy is not a fool...

Victor didn’t think long about who to entrust his innermost secret to. He had an old and faithful friend Ales Klimkovich. He went to him first. As Victor expected, Ales did not have to be persuaded.

- Let’s go, I’ll do whatever you want, just don’t sit idly by while the bastards are bossing around!..

“Calm down, Ales,” Victor answered. He remembered the commander's order well. “We need to be vigilant and careful, remember that the task is serious. You and I can't handle it together. We need a third comrade.

Ales began to name the names of their mutual friends. But Victor kept shaking his head negatively. He remembered that one of those named was afraid of “menial” work, another could not ski down a steep mountain in winter, the third did not want to recognize the team... Even if it was in childhood, even so. But even now it is impossible to entrust a dangerous, responsible task to such people. Now is not the time. If you stumble a little, you pay with your life...

“Melik Butvilovsky,” Ales finally said.

- Stop! – Victor shouted joyfully. “He’ll come here, he won’t let you down.” It’s amazing how we didn’t remember about him right away?!

Thus was born a small group of young underground workers. It was much easier to act with the three of us. And weapons and ammunition began to regularly flow into the partisan detachments.

However, the partisans were not the only ones who needed weapons. The Germans also needed to replenish their supplies at the front. And then several trucks arrived at the warehouse. The soldiers approached a stack of rifles covered with a tarpaulin, pulled off this tarpaulin and... they couldn’t believe their eyes: instead of rifles, several thin poles stuck out under the tarpaulin. They supported the tarpaulin so that it did not fall to the ground.

The alarm was raised. Gendarmes in black uniforms with skulls on their sleeves rushed to the warehouse. They set the shepherd on the trail. She poked her nose here and there and whined helplessly. There was no trace. The overnight rain washed everything away.

Then the gendarmes went home to search. They climbed everywhere, pierced the ground with ramrods, but never found anything.

Soon after this, Viktor Pashkevich was given an order: to wait for instructions from the command.

The guys were sad. Of course, on the one hand, it’s not bad to rest after such intense and dangerous work. But on the other hand, there is remorse: everyone is fighting, beating the enemy, and you sit and wait for instructions...

However, we didn't have to wait long. One day there was a knock on the window of the Pashkevichs’ house, and Uncle Andrei came into the house. He had a duffel bag over his shoulders, and it was full of partisan leaflets.

“Here, Vitya, we need to distribute it in the city,” he said. – The task is responsible, it is associated with great risk. Therefore, there is an order to act in the dark and as a group. One is posting, two are watching the street. Post on poster stands, poles, doors, gates. In a word, in the most prominent places. Good luck.

Three young brave underground fighters silently sneak along the street. A short stop - and on the door of the house there remains a small piece of paper with a fiery appeal to mercilessly beat the aliens. Under it is the signature: underground regional committee of the Communist Party. Another stop, and another piece of paper stuck.

Here is the city center. The premises of the German gendarmerie. Behind the door there is an inhuman scream and rude language in German. Someone is being tortured again!..

Here you need to be twice as careful. Somewhere nearby there is a patrol. And the guys, bent over, silently sneak on. Suddenly the front one stops and presses tightly against the fence. The other two also cuddle. A long-legged policeman is riding a bicycle right towards them, dimly shining a flashlight.

Chief of the Borisov police! Did you really notice? Run away?

Victor already decides to command his friends: let's run! But the chief of police leaves his bicycle near the boys and, loudly clicking his heels, climbs the steps of the porch to the gendarmerie.

Past! The guys, as if on cue, took a breath.

Now we need to quickly disappear from here. Just a moment. Victor thickly coats the leaflet with glue and sticks it to the police chief's bicycle. Then he throws several pieces onto the porch of the gendarmerie.

True, Uncle Andrei can scold you for this. But never mind, let the fascists know. The city of Borisov does not sleep, it fights. Just as it was Soviet, it remains Soviet. And no gendarmerie, no police will make him different.

The next day, general searches are taking place in the city again, again the gendarmerie is looking for the “partisan bandits” who scattered so many anti-fascist leaflets. And Viktor, Ales and Melik walk along the streets and, with their hands in their pockets, watch with an innocent look as the policemen and gendarmes work hard to scrape leaflets from pillars and doors.

“Rip it off, it’s not a pity,” the guys say among themselves, “people have already read it anyway.” And they hid more than one. We'll send you more soon, fresh ones, with the latest news from the front.

The Nazis were seriously worried.

The gendarmes did not stop looking for underground fighters. Security at all military installations has been doubled. Every day it became more and more difficult to carry out sabotage.

The guys especially felt this when they received the task of blowing up a fascist fuel warehouse. They were sent magnetic mines from the detachment, they were instructed in detail on how to act, and yet for a long time the task remained unfulfilled.

The fact is that the fuel depot was located in a completely open place and was guarded on four sides by machine guns. There was no way to crawl to him either day or night. No ditches nearby, no bushes.

The guys thought, wondered, but couldn’t come up with anything.

“At least launch a mine with a catapult,” Melik said with annoyance, “like the Greeks once did...

- Wait! – Victor jumped up. - So that’s the idea. Honestly, it's an idea!

Melik and Ales looked at each other with disbelief.

– Are you really thinking about building a catapult? – asked Ales.

- No, a ball, a soccer ball!.. - And Victor immediately outlined to the guys a rough plan of the operation.

Warm September afternoon. The sky is clean and clear. Quiet. It’s as if there is no war, no terrible partisans. The sentries standing at the warehouse came together, lit a cigarette, talked about something, then each went to their place, to the machine guns. But not for long. Soon all four of them were sitting near the bunker and drinking canned meat with schnapps.

One of them began to sing a Russian song in a German style:

Volga, Volga, mutter Volga-ah...

Tightened it and broke it. Near the warehouse, as if from underground, three red-faced teenagers appeared. They jostled happily, kicking the soccer ball in front of them.

- Nasad! Tsuryuk! - the sentry shouted.

But the guys didn’t hear him, and the fun fuss continued. One of the teenagers rushed forward with the ball and hit it so hard that the ball soared upward like a candle and, describing an arc, landed near a high fuel tank.

- Tsuryuk! – the sentry shouted again, and this time the teenagers heard him. They stared at the sentry in fear and began to slowly back away.

- Halt! – the sentry called the guys to him.

And they, angrily poking one another in the chest with their fists, began to make excuses. Like, it’s not me, but his fault that the ball flew into the prohibited lane. No he...

“You throw it,” the sentry pointed his finger at the blond man’s chest, “you take it, and I’ll bang-bang a little,” he pointed to the machine gun.

“Uncle, dear, don’t,” the blond man began to ask. (It was Viktor Pashkevich.) - By God, I won’t do that again. “I accidentally,” tears were heard in his voice. - Just give me the ball...

The sentry looked at his comrades, and they nodded: let them take him away and quickly get out of here.

Victor rushed headlong towards the tank where the ball lay. He ran so fast that just before the tank he could not stay on his feet and fell so hard on the ground that he even tumbled over his head. The Germans laughed joyfully. And Melik and Ales thought with alarm: at least they had time to plant a mine.

Whether they made it or not, they never noticed; Victor was already running back.

- Danke, gentlemen! – he shouted as he walked, and all three rushed to where the nearest buildings were visible.

The Germans laughed again. They had fun.

And exactly thirty minutes after that, a huge column of black smoke soared into the sky above the place where the fascist fuel depot was located. A gasoline tank exploded. The second, third thundered behind her...

And the Nazis, with even greater anger, began searching for underground fighters. Hitler's detectives already had some idea of ​​who was harming them. After all, the guards at the warehouse described to them the appearance of the three teenagers.

At the end of 1942, the Nazis managed to get on the trail of Viktor Pashkevich, Ales Klimkovich and Melik Butvilovsky. By the way, by this time they also had a fourth comrade - Valya Sokolova. She also helped the underground in many ways.

The fact that the Nazis were looking for young underground fighters immediately became known in the 208th partisan detachment, on whose instructions the young patriots were acting. The command of the detachment sent its envoy to Borisov. But the Nazis failed to capture Viktor, Ales, Melik and Valya - a partisan envoy took them out of the city and soon brought them to the detachment.

But their fighting did not stop there. Together with adults, the boys took part in various operations of the detachment, went on reconnaissance missions more than once, and mined the railway.

In March 1943, the command of the detachment sent young partisans behind the front line. A special plane flew in to pick them up. In Moscow, after a long break, they resumed their studies.

PIONEER CACHE

L. Levkova

The Borshchevsky forest may be wonderful, generous with strawberries - a favorite delicacy for children, but it is a little scary. The heart skips a beat when the saw screeches or the ax clatters. The boys will quiet down for a moment, listen, and get back to work. They make boxes: they put rifles, grenades, daggers in them - everything that they could collect and bury in the thicket of dense spruce trees. The top is covered with turf, on which moss grows green - cuckoo flax.

In a relatively short period of time, they made fifteen such pioneer weapons caches in the forest.

And soon Volodya Sergeiko told his friends:

– We also have a sixteenth cache! Although we didn’t make it, it will serve us well.

For several days he quietly followed the farmer Grotsky. Volodya saw how he cleaned the machine gun, lubricated it, and then hid it at the edge of his field in a pile of stones.

"Cheap farmhands"

The shepherdesses look anxiously towards the Borshchevsky forest. They no longer talk to each other, do not reassure each other.

At dawn, Volodya Severin and Volodya Sergeiko went into the forest to hide the bolts and cartridges in one of the hiding places. The sun has already risen to its zenith, but there are still no messengers. The shepherdesses did not touch the crusts of bread that were lying in the boxes.

- What could have happened? – Vanya Radetzky looks up at his namesake Vanya Khomka.

- Don't know...

I didn’t want to express my concern out loud: whether the guys had fallen into the clutches of the Gestapo. They have been frequently combing this edge of the forest lately.

Only in the evening, when the annoying mosquitoes began to dance in the air, Volodya Severin and Volodya Sergeiko finally returned from the forest.

“Everything is fine,” they said.

- In order? So was it still dangerous?

- Outwitted!..

The shepherdesses began to have fun when they heard their friends tell about their adventures.

Volodya Severin knew how to whistle wonderfully. At least start dancing to his whistle. He will bring out any melody in such a way that even a bird would be jealous.

“I’ll go ahead,” he said to Volodya Sergeiko, “and you stay back.” If I remain silent, everything is fine, but if I start whistling, throw down your brooms.

The boys came up with a clever idea - they hid the precious cargo in the lush greenery of birch brooms. You won't find bags of cartridges right away.

Volodya Severin walked silently for a short time. Soon he began to whistle "Lyavonikha". The brooms were immediately thrown into the bushes. And Volodya Sergeiko’s freed hands reached into his bosom.

“Volodya,” he shouts to his namesake walking ahead, “maybe you want an apple?”

“I want to,” he answers loudly. - Carry it faster!

Volodya ran up to his friend and was dumbfounded: two Gestapo men with carbines at the ready were standing in front of a fourteen-year-old boy and menacingly demanding “ausweiss.”

“We don’t have a pass,” Volodya Severin answers them. “We’ll just eat the apples and leave here.”

He patted his friend's pockets and pointed to his shirt.

“We went into someone else’s garden to get these apples,” he admitted to the Germans in the tone of a conspirator.

The red-sided, ripe grain crops that grew up on Belarusian soil served the little patriots well. The Gestapo men ordered the guys to empty the apples from their bosoms and pockets and run away from here.

- So why didn’t you come to us right away? – the shepherdesses asked in one voice.

- Don’t throw brooms at us! We delivered them to the place later. And they made another box. Today, when we meet with the partisans, we will inform you about the next hiding place.

Vanya Radetzky said:

– So, you say, the Ausweiss asked? Fine. We will definitely have them.

Three days later, both Vanyas were hired as farm laborers for a meager wage. They grazed the cows of the gendarmerie interpreter Lis and the forester. And in the “ausweiss” it was written that they could graze cows anywhere.

The stable doors were open. The lame mare, whom the Nazis had not set their sights on, chewed hay alone. This picture was ordinary.

Meanwhile, from here the news came to the peasants that finally dispelled the fascist lies. They're lying! Moscow is invincible, the Red Army is mercilessly beating the Nazis.

The good news was passed from mouth to mouth. The peasants did not ask where they were from. And they only wished with all their hearts happiness to the people who, without fear of death, spread this truth.

The secretary of the underground Komsomol organization Vasil Soroko and Komsomol member Nikolai Severin buried themselves in the hay that lay in the attic of the stable. Their hearts beat so loudly that they seemed to fill the entire neighborhood with their beating. In their headphones, Komsomol members heard the fiery voice of their native Moscow, she addressed them, called on them to take up arms, to cleanse their Soviet fatherland of fascists.

“Be calm,” thought Vasil. “You won’t be ashamed of us! Twenty-five Komsomol members have already been organized into a detachment. And then there are the pioneers...”

Pioneer means first.
The pioneer organization was founded on May 19, 1922 by the decision of the All-Russian Komsomol Conference to organize children aged 9 to 14 years. At the V Komsomol Congress, the Laws and Customs of Young Pioneers, the Solemn Promise, and the Regulations on the Pioneer Organization are adopted. The pioneer organization can be called a school of political activity. The pioneers helped adults build a new, fair and happy life.

More than one generation of children passed through the pioneer organization. The ability to be friends and help each other, the ability to work and fulfill one’s duty to the team, the ability to love the Motherland - Soviet people absorbed all these qualities from the pioneer organization.

“The country of pioneers” - what it was like in our republic, to what causes the pioneers of different years and generations gave their ardent hearts, minds and all their strength.

Pioneer devoted to the Motherland, the party, communism.

Pioneer preparing to become a Komsomol member.

Pioneer looks up to the heroes of struggle and labor.

Pioneer honors the memory of fallen fighters and prepares to become a defender of the Motherland.

Pioneer persistent in learning, work and sports.

Pioneer- an honest and loyal comrade, always boldly stands for the truth.

Pioneer- comrade and leader of the Octobrists.

Pioneer– a friend to the pioneers and children of workers of all countries.

I (last name, first name), joining the ranksAll-Union Pioneer

organization named after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin,

in front of his comradesI solemnly promise:

love your homeland passionately,live, learn and fight,

as the great Lenin bequeathed,

as the Communist Party teaches,

always doLaws of the pioneers of the Soviet Union.

By decree of the Soviet government from October 29, 1917 The hired labor of children was prohibited. For teenagers from 14 years of age, a 6-hour working day is established. Night and overtime work is prohibited. The doors of all educational institutions opened before them.

Summer 1918 The enemies of the young Soviet Republic began a civil war.

In Izhevsk and Votkinsk, children's communist organizations were born - the “House of the Young Proletarian” (YUP).

When the older comrades united the Communist Youth Union, the attraction of inquisitive, energetic, recklessly brave children to it turned out to be limitless. But the obstacle to joining the RKSM for 10-12 year olds was its Charter. His older brother, the Komsomol, came to the rescue. Izhevsk residents allocated one of the rooms for the children, and most importantly, they sent a sincere, proactive and cheerful leader to the children - Komsomol member Kiryakov. Soon the words of the young proletarians’ oath were heard: “To fight for the councils of workers’, peasants’ and soldiers’ deputies, to be reliable and faithful assistants to Komsomol members and Bolsheviks, to always be brave and truthful.”

What did the young pioneers do? – helped adults build a new life.

Children eagerly listened to stories about Lenin, the Red Army, the Komsomol, went on hikes, participated in subbotniks, war games held by the Komsomol.

November 4, 1920 The decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR proclaimed the formation of the Udmurt Autonomous Region. The civil war ended, but the difficulties of the post-war devastation were increased by a lean summer, and the year of famine 1921 began.

The party called on the people to fight devastation and hunger, and to take fatherly care of children. The Vyatka Provincial Committee of the Komsomol issued an appeal: “Young people, do you hear? Little orphans whose fathers and mothers fell victim on the fronts of the civil war or were buried alive in the ground, burned on barges, shot or hanged by the White Guards on telegraph poles need your help, your support. Now these are the children of the Republic. They need bread, they need shelter. They need light and warmth. They need affection, hello. These children are the future builders of a new life, the creators of the future Commune. But they need to be educated, watered, fed.” (Pioneer Chronicle. Kirov, 1972, p. 20.)

Thousands of youngsters filled the labor exchanges. 137 orphanages were opened for orphans. The factories of Izhevsk accepted 1,181 teenagers. A special dining room was opened for them. Thanks to the efforts of Izhevsk Komsomol members, 150 children became the first students of the factory apprenticeship school (FZU).

May 17, 1923 the date of the decision of the presidium of the regional executive committee to recognize the organization of detachments of young pioneers as necessary and deserving of all encouragement.

The date of the decision was the birthday of the Udmurt Regional Pioneer Organization.

A memorable event took place in a picturesque corner near Vazhnin Klyuch, near Izhevsk. Here everything was a first - the pioneer camp in huts, where 45 pioneers had already lived throughout July, and the line built around the pioneer fire, and the words of a solemn promise were heard for the first time in the face of senior comrades - communists, Komsomol members, and factory workers.

Pioneer! Fight homelessness! Calls, concerts, demonstrations, mass holidays, evenings, camping trips, played scouts, loved to compete for the best runner, cook, doctor.

The password of those years was teaching! We studied ourselves and taught others. One would get tired, and another would take his place at the ABC book with his grandmother. Our students were rewarded with everything - pies, apples, jam, tears.

By the mid-20s, the country's economy had been restored. The results of a medical examination of children showed: 60% of children were anemic, 70% had measles, scarlet fever and other infectious diseases. Participants in the regional meeting of pioneer workers in 1926 decided: health promotion, physical education, problems of everyday life and education are the first place in the work.

In the 20s passion started sports. The Komsomol put forward the slogan “Give us physical education!” But the counselor had nothing to give the pioneers yet. He had neither the financial resources nor coaching skills.

Since 1926 The passion for pyramids and floor exercises began. At all holidays and gatherings one could hear a call like this:

Durevo - quit! Smoke - quit!

Build physical education!

In 1932 The Central Bank of the DKO proposed to begin preparations for mass physical education holidays based on the GTO complex. Systematic all-encompassing work began to master the secrets of sportsmanship.

Pioneer history 20s captured numerous hut towns in picturesque places of Udmurtia. But the romance of camp life had its difficulties. Fir branches served as a bed and a roof. Homemade food was delivered by boat. Lunches were cooked in a homemade oven dug into the side of a cliff. Potatoes were baked over a fire. There weren't enough products. They collected berries, mushrooms, sorrel, and rose hips.

Since 1926 code the beloved “potato” becomes a song of pioneer history.

The most enthusiastic response to the Motherland's concern for the health of children was given by the first Artek residents. The All-Union camp opened in 1925, and the following summer it hosted 70 pioneers from the Urals.

The struggle on the health front was an integral part of the cultural revolution that began in the country. Its scope was expanded by the front of educating the masses.

Campaign against illiteracy was the central problem of the Cultural Revolution. In the reading huts they wrote in large letters:

It's time, comrade grandfather,

It's time, comrade grandmother,

Sit down with your ABC book.

The older pioneers taught literacy in literacy clubs (educational programs), and the younger ones taught them at home. They had one more responsibility - to ensure that the illiterates did not miss classes, to prepare chalk, a rag, and chairs before they started. Often we had to make the benches ourselves. The pioneer received a task: and if there is an illiterate person in his family, teach him to write and read, help his neighbor.

The 1st All-Union rally of pioneers “Forward, compressed troops!”, the rally assessed the work of the pioneers during the years of the first five-year plan.

The pioneers of the 30s learned to read and write using the words “five-year plan”, “drummer”, “collective farm”, “industry”. The delegates of the regional rally of shock pioneers (1932) will remember the excursion to the Izhevsk Arms Plant for the rest of their lives. The power of the industry is imprinted in my memory: huge workshops, fountains of flaming metal sparks, the bed of a fiery river and breathing rolled metal. The guys truly realized that the economic difficulties of the state were nearing an end. There will be, soon there will be sugar, and tea, and white bread, and homemade canvas slippers with hemp rope soles will become history.

These were the years of giant new buildings; the Bolshevik Party needed financial resources and an accelerated pace of work. Social competition, Stakhanov movement. Campaigning for the purchase of government bonds.

The Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, in its 1932 resolution “On the work of the pioneer organization,” proposed that the detachments decisively restructure their work. The activities of the pioneers should be concentrated in the school in order to lead the children's team in the struggle for knowledge, for conscious discipline, to help rebuild the school on a polytechnic basis, to develop children's interest in science, technology, production and broad creativity.

The meeting raised high the problem of deep and lasting knowledge. The first-born of industry and the collective farm system were in need of ideologically mature, educated, cultural school graduates; universities and technical schools were waiting for them. In order to lead the children's team in carrying out one of the most important tasks of socialist construction, the pioneer organization completely moved to school.

We are children of the proletariat,

The country has given us an order:

The Great Five Year Plan

Our curriculum includes...

Gathering all the troops,

Blow your trumpet, bugler!

Hooligan and lazy

We declare a fight.

The main order of the meeting sounded laconic: for knowledge!

The pioneer organization actively entered school life, training groups for counselors were organized at the Glazov Pedagogical College, Yak-Bodier, and Multan.

Pioneer mentors study, and in 1940 they pass the exam for the “Senior Leader of Young Pioneers” certificate. So the senior counselor came to school.

The forms of pioneer work are deepening and improving. Activities, research, experiments, scripts, and literary evenings in libraries became indispensable companions to study.

Nikolai Nikolaevich Osipov The history of the creation of the first children's technical stations is connected with his name. It began in 1932 with the Izhevsk DTS. The leaders of the teacher-masters N.N. Yuminov, V.L. Fetzer, the students more than once became participants in the All-Russian Agricultural Exhibition, and in the aircraft modeling circle the future Heroes of the Soviet Union A. Zarovnyaev, L. Rykov and twice Hero of the Soviet Union E. Kungurtsev determined their calling. The boys were lucky with their bosses - the factories became them. Young technicians from Izhevsk set out to speed up the creation of road transport vehicles in the cities and regions of the republic. Model gliders became the guys' assistants. Their flight at parades and demonstrations or in the halls of party and Komsomol conferences was excellent propaganda, a call to promote the development of children's technical creativity. On the day of aviation, the sky of Izhevsk was filled with box kites, air postmen, and model airplanes with gasoline engines soaring. The campaign was a success. In 1935, young technicians from Izhevsk, Glazov, Kez, Sharkan, and Alnashey arrived at modeling competitions.

Youth was in a hurry to live and dream, to know and be able.

Children's artistic creativity at the beginning In the 1930s, only counselors and some teachers were in charge. But then, in 1933, the call letters of a children's radio studio began to sound. The children were introduced to works of classical and Soviet music and literature, and helped to learn pioneer songs. The first radio stations were only in clubs in regional centers. The pioneers carried their impressions, new songs, poems and stories to their detachments and native villages. The children not only listened to the weekly radio program, but also prepared it, accompanied by performances by the choir, orchestra, and drama club; sent letters of request.

A big step in the development of young talents was the opening of the House of Artistic Education of Children in Izhevsk (DHVD), which replaced the children's club. There were 16 artistic circles working there. The house became a center for methodological training of counselors and pioneer activists of the republic. The year of its birth (1935) was marked by the first Olympiad of children's creativity and a gathering of young entertainers.

1937 was a true celebration of young talents. For three days it sparkled with a scattering of nuggets first republican festival. Sonorous folk melodies, lively dances, virtuoso playing of the balalaika, artistic whistling, and sonorous songs filled the theater hall freely and beautifully.

Menacing clouds were approaching from the west and the east back in the early 30s. These years gave rise to the motto of preparation not only for work, but also for defense. It became an integral part of the new system of training and education of schools and detachments.

“Let each pioneer have three defense badges!”

this means,

That I can shoot like Voroshilov,

Ready for sanitary defense

and passed all the standards for a young athlete.

I am proud of my badges and, when necessary, I will put this knowledge into practice.”

A passion for war games began. The soldiers studied defense, studied a gas mask and a small-caliber rifle. Everyone wanted to be a hero.

On December 28, 1934, by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the autonomous region was transformed into a republic.

The right of children to education, to rest, and the right to participate in the work of public organizations was approved by the flames of the lines of the 1936 Constitution about the victory of socialism in a country of free and equal people. In 1936, Spain became the bastion of the first international battle against fascism.

War…

In the country martial law was introduced. Mobilization announced. The hour of courage has struck.

“Our cause is just. The enemy will be defeated. Victory will be ours!"

Alarmed children ran from everywhere to their home school. At rallies they declared: “The fate of the homeland is our fate! – and determined their place among the defenders.

Now everyone, young and old, should consider themselves mobilized. We, pioneers, Komsomol members, all students of school No. 27, decided to go to work together, where our work can be useful...” Helping adults at work, in the home, caring for young children whose fathers went to the front, helping collective farms in the fields.

Trains with the wounded began to arrive. Hospitals were located in school buildings. The word appeared - evacuated. The whole detachment went to meet them and placed them in apartments.

Gaidar’s Timur actively entered the family of Udmurt children. His teams were born along with the publication of the book. Timurovets is a very necessary and very honorable title. They learned to use an ax and a saw, collected pine cones and brushwood, caressed children, cared for the wounded, carried water, chopped wood, and cleared snow from the roof. During the war years, pioneers and schoolchildren of Udmurtia gave 5,000 concerts in hospitals, glued and sewed tens of thousands of envelopes and bags for medicine. The boys lovingly and with great desire collected parcels for the front-line soldiers. They knitted woolen socks and mittens themselves, embroidered pouches, and bought gifts with the money they earned. In total, during the war, pioneers and schoolchildren of Udmurtia sent 4,000 parcels.

By November 1, 1941, the guys gathered tank "Pioneer of Udmurtia" 150,000 rubles.

During the war years, the Komsomol Central Committee rebuilt the structure of the pioneer organization. The pioneer detachments united into a school squad headed by the headquarters. In Udmurtia there were 919 of them. The pioneer activists were not elected, but appointed. The badge of the young Leninist became an asterisk, like a fighter’s. They made it themselves. The new text of the pioneer’s solemn promise read: “...I hate the fascist invaders with all my heart and will tirelessly prepare myself to defend the Motherland. I swear this in the name of the soldiers who gave their lives for our happiness. I will forever remember that their blood burns on my pioneer tie and on our red banner.”

Village teenagers provided great assistance to elders in logging work.

The timber was transported to Izhevsk by horse-drawn transport, mostly on horses. The needs of the front required the connection of the Volga and the Northern Urals.

During the war, people's construction began railway with a length of 146 kilometers from Izhevsk to Balezino. It was built mainly by women and teenagers aged 13–16 years.

During the Great Patriotic War, pioneers and schoolchildren contributed 924,000 rubles to the construction of the “Soviet Schoolboy” tank column. Teachers and schoolchildren of Udmurtia contributed 1 million 47 thousand 767 rubles to the country’s defense fund. They received the gratitude of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief Headquarters twice.

The war was coming to an end, leaving war-scarred areas in ruins. The fate of the children of the liberated areas worried the children of distant Udmurtia. “We, the pioneers, know that the Nazi beasts, forced to retreat under the powerful blows of the Soviet Army, destroy everything in their path: school clubs, teaching aids. We... really want to help our comrades - the guys from the liberated areas. We organized a collection of school supplies and have already collected 400 pens, 5000 pencils, 6 boxes of quills, fiction, paper, dishes, and a box of teaching aids. Join us guys! " (newspaper “Leninsky Put” Glazov, 1942, March 18)

They came from all over the country echelons of Friendship. 130 wagons with grain, livestock, agricultural implements, and gifts from the workers and children of Udmurtia went to Belarus. Cities were rebuilt, vacant lots were plowed up, schools were restored, and the country grew stronger. And the long-awaited day came when, instead of explosions of war, explosions of Victory salutes were heard. His replacement rejoiced along with the people of the country. His shift went on in step with the fathers. She went through all the hardships of the war in step with her fathers, equaled them in heroism, valor, and passed the test of maturity.

Victory! The soldiers returned to their native lands. The country was restoring its economy. Schools were given back buildings temporarily occupied as hospitals, but classes were still going on in 2-3 shifts. There were not enough textbooks and visual aids. The Komsomol called on the pioneers to direct their efforts to the struggle for deep and lasting knowledge, to the implementation of universal seven-year education, and the involvement of students in socially useful work. The affairs of young pioneers were headed by the pioneer council. The Komsomol Central Committee reintroduced the election of pioneer activists. He established pioneer banners in organizations, and red flags in detachments.

Accepting the banner, the pioneers swore an oath to sacredly preserve it and multiply the traditions of the Komsomol shift in serving the Fatherland.

Pionersky call “Let's decorate the Motherland with gardens!” gave rise to the months of the forest and garden. Each pioneer will plant 3 trees, and there will be a garden republic.

At the regional 4th rally (1956), the first competitions of youth volunteer fire brigades of Udmurtia were held (UDPD).

The Central Council of the Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin (CC VPO) developed new “Laws of Young Pioneers”, “Approximate List of Skills and Abilities” (steps of a young pioneer).

"Seven Year Plan Companion" - the title became a pioneer symbol of the best detachments and organizations dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin.

Komsomol-pioneer construction is a very responsible matter.

All-Union competition of pioneer detachments 1963–1964, dedicated 40th anniversary naming the Pioneer and Komsomol named after V.I. Lenin.

His start was successful. By order of Timur, published in Pionerskaya Pravda, the detachments became crews in this game, the chairmen of the councils became commanders, the leaders became helmsmen and set sail on the “Ocean of Useful Deeds.”

For pioneers, the first front of action is school. Since 1959, in Udmurtia, instead of a seven-year course, universal eight-year polytechnic education has been introduced. The country is heading towards a gradual transition to universal secondary education with a desk-based education system.

WITH 1961 Republican Olympiads in mathematics and physics became traditional.

Children's creativity is expanding year after year. from the first republican rally of young technicians in 1962 to the second in 1965, the number of participants in technical creativity exhibitions increased by 6 thousand. First of all, their models were added to school classrooms. Training workshops became the starting point for children's creativity and acquaintance with the basics of modern production.

The workshops of school No. 28 play a great role in the development of children's creativity. Many pioneer crews of Izhevsk started and finished from them. The starts started in 1960 year teacher of plumbing Anatoly Vasilyevich Novikov. Soon the amateur PAMC was born ( pioneer automoto club). Motorcycling was learned using A.V. Novikov’s car, and traffic rules were taught using homemade electrified stands. A council of assistance appeared. It included workers of the OK Komsomol, DOSAAF, veterans of the motorcycle industry, Stakhanovites who completed the women's run along the route Izhevsk - Moscow - Izhevsk on the first Izh-7 motorcycles, and motorcycle racing athletes.

In 1965 opened young sailors club with real sailing and service. The All-Union Pioneer “Zarnitsa” will soon lead the hobby of detachments of all branches of the military, and sports fans will become members of the “Golden Puck” and “Leather Ball” clubs.

Pioneer-experimenters of the Baiteryakov seven-year school in the Alnash district. Under the leadership of a tireless enthusiast, honored school teacher of the RSFSR, winner of bronze and silver medals from VDNKh L.D. Belousov, they turned the school site into a “green laboratory” of the Iskra collective farm. An orchard was planted near the school and plots were set up for experiments.

1962 - the first school forestry in the Russian Federation was created in Udmurtia.

Young foresters of the Sharkan school received an area of ​​500 hectares, elected a council and a forester, drew up a map and divided it into five forest detours. Both in the winter cold and in the summer heat they are checked by forestry engineers and inspectors with their teams. They monitor and treat pest-infested areas, hang feeders and artificial bird nests, register and propagate anthills, and bravely fight poachers. On the way, they read the “forest book” - a living organism of the forest with traces and habits of its inhabitants. And in the spring, new seeds of tree species are sown in the nursery.

New all-Union operations increased the romance of pioneer affairs.

Participants in the operation "Green Arrow" by the end of 1973, forest was planted on an area of ​​8,248 hectares.

The result of the operation "Bird Town" there were 52,428 artificial nesting sites.

In operation "Ant" 1121 anthills were registered and propagated.

And the participants in the operation "Spring" Over the five-year period, 712 springs were improved and 1,176 springs were registered.

April 22, 1967 The attention of the regional pioneer organization was focused on open-hearth furnace No. 2. the best steelmaker of Udmurtia, holder of the Order of Lenin, Evgeny Chernykh and his assistants had 19 young assistants from schools No. 18 of Sarapul, No. 9 and 12 of Glazov, No. 9, 30, 32, 54, 56 of Izhevsk; Kezskaya and Surekskaya. Walked here pioneer melting. Steel from 6852 tons of scrap metal was used for the construction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station. Dozens of tractors, hundreds of cars, BAM - pioneer rails

Operation “A million to the Motherland!”- it is not easy to count the pioneer contribution to the heritage of the people.

An important milestone in the development of tourism was the decisions of the XII Congress of the Komsomol (1954). tourism and local history work has become one of the effective methods of strengthening the connection between school and life. Children from different schools went on hikes, the first to be led by teachers of geography, history, biology, and physical education. Their activities were directed by the Republican Children's Excursion and Tourist Station (RDETS). It was headed by veteran of tourism and sports Alexey Vladimirovich Emelyanov. The children's great desire for hiking was confirmed by the gathering of travelers. The decision to hold it was made by the bureau of the regional committee of the Komsomol in 1955. The secretary of the regional committee, Yu.K. Shibanov, was appointed as the head, and A.V. Emelyanov as the chief of staff. first rally... Where to hold it? And the choice fell on the banks of the Kama River, where another energy giant was being created. Several years will pass, and the picturesque Nosok Peninsula will be flooded by a new sea. So let the first gathering of travelers perpetuate its beauty. For the first time, the arriving teams experienced the excitement of the tourist relay race, the strength of friendship, and the romance of life in nature. The fighting spirit permeated all the work: it was in the relay race, in the amateur competition, at the fire meeting with the builders of the Votkinsk giant.

“To the Soviet Motherland, born in October, all our discoveries, all our love!” - called "Pionerskaya Pravda" in the year of the 40th anniversary of October. The motto heralded a new stage in tourism. Announced 1st All-Union Expedition of Pioneers and Schoolchildren 1956 – 1957.

The increased passion for tourism and excitement at the Sletov relay races have given rise to a new, youngest type of competition - orienteering. The first All-Russian competitions for schoolchildren were held in 1970.“The judges work quickly, posting control cards of the participants. Strange words can be heard: “pegging”, “messed up on the 5th”, “caught on No. 44 and missed the first checkpoint”. There are drooping faces. But the more complex the program and the harder the struggle, the stronger the camaraderie and friendship.

And from the first rally held at the future hydroelectric power station, the chronicle of great tourism for Udmurt children began.

Tourism is courage, the will to win and friendship. He combined into one whole pride for the land, for his people, childish inquisitiveness, breadth of knowledge and sportsmanship.

The noble deeds of the followers of Genki the orderly and Timur are subject to fulfillment principles:

Humane relations and mutual respect between people;

Man is friend, comrade and brother to man;

Honesty and truthfulness, moral purity, simplicity and modesty in public and personal life...

Interesting job young internationalists Izhevsk. They are headed by the city club "Globus". The Globus board includes the presidents of 34 school KIDs. He organized 6 city festivals of Peace and Friendship, and initiated a review of the work of school clubs. In 1976, they held the first republican rally.

Already in the first days of the war, while defending the Brest Fortress, a student of the musical platoon, 14-year-old Petya Klypa, distinguished himself. Many pioneers participated in partisan detachments, where they were often used as scouts and saboteurs, as well as in carrying out underground activities; Among the young partisans, Marat Kazei, Volodya Dubinin, Lenya Golikov and Valya Kotik are especially famous (all of them died in battle, except for Volodya Dubinin, who was blown up by a mine; and all of them, except for the older Lenya Golikov, were 13-14 years old at the time of their death) .

There were often cases when school-age teenagers fought as part of military units (the so-called “sons and daughters of regiments” - the story of the same name by Valentin Kataev, the prototype of which was 11-year-old Isaac Rakov, is known).

For military services, tens of thousands of children and pioneers were awarded orders and medals:
The Order of Lenin was awarded to Tolya Shumov, Vitya Korobkov, Volodya Kaznacheev; Order of the Red Banner - Volodya Dubinin, Yuliy Kantemirov, Andrey Makarikhin, Kostya Kravchuk;
Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree - Petya Klypa, Valery Volkov, Sasha Kovalev; Order of the Red Star - Volodya Samorukha, Shura Efremov, Vanya Andrianov, Vitya Kovalenko, Lenya Ankinovich.
Hundreds of pioneers were awarded
medal “Partisan of the Great Patriotic War”,
medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" - over 15,000,
“For the Defense of Moscow” - over 20,000 medals
Four pioneer heroes were awarded the title
Hero of the Soviet Union:
Lenya Golikov, Marat Kazei, Valya Kotik, Zina Portnova.

There was a war going on. Enemy bombers were buzzing hysterically over the village where Sasha lived. The native land was trampled by the enemy's boot. Sasha Borodulin, a pioneer with the warm heart of a young Leninist, could not put up with this. He decided to fight the fascists. Got a rifle. Having killed a fascist motorcyclist, he took his first battle trophy - a real German machine gun. Day after day he conducted reconnaissance. More than once he went on the most dangerous missions. He was responsible for many destroyed vehicles and soldiers. For carrying out dangerous tasks, for demonstrating courage, resourcefulness and courage, Sasha Borodulin was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in the winter of 1941.

Punishers tracked down the partisans. The detachment escaped them for three days, twice broke out of encirclement, but the enemy ring closed again. Then the commander called for volunteers to cover the detachment’s retreat. Sasha was the first to step forward. Five took the fight. One by one they died. Sasha was left alone. It was still possible to retreat - the forest was nearby, but the detachment valued every minute that would delay the enemy, and Sasha fought to the end. He, allowing the fascists to close a ring around him, grabbed a grenade and blew them up and himself. Sasha Borodulin died, but his memory lives on. The memory of the heroes is eternal!

After the death of her mother, Marat and her older sister Ariadne went to the partisan detachment named after. 25th anniversary of October (November 1942).

When the partisan detachment was leaving the encirclement, Ariadne’s legs were frozen, and therefore she was taken by plane to the mainland, where she had to have both legs amputated. Marat, as a minor, was also offered to evacuate along with his sister, but he refused and remained in the detachment.

Subsequently, Marat was a scout at the headquarters of the partisan brigade named after. K.K. Rokossovsky. In addition to reconnaissance, he participated in raids and sabotage. For courage and bravery in battles he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals “For Courage” (wounded, raised partisans to attack) and “For Military Merit”. Returning from reconnaissance and surrounded by Germans, Marat Kazei blew himself up with a grenade.

When the war began and the Nazis were approaching Leningrad, high school counselor Anna Petrovna Semenova was left for underground work in the village of Tarnovichi - in the south of the Leningrad region. To communicate with the partisans, she selected her most reliable pioneers, and the first among them was Galina Komleva. During her six school years, the cheerful, brave, inquisitive girl was awarded books six times with the caption: “For excellent studies.”
The young messenger brought assignments from the partisans to her counselor, and forwarded her reports to the detachment along with bread, potatoes, and food, which were obtained with great difficulty. One day, when a messenger from a partisan detachment did not arrive on time at the meeting place, Galya, half-frozen, made her way into the detachment, handed over a report and, having warmed up a little, hurried back, carrying a new task to the underground fighters.
Together with Komsomol member Tasya Yakovleva, Galya wrote leaflets and scattered them around the village at night. The Nazis tracked down and captured the young underground fighters. They kept me in the Gestapo for two months. They beat me severely, threw me into a cell, and in the morning they took me out again for interrogation. Galya didn’t say anything to the enemy, didn’t betray anyone. The young patriot was shot.
The Motherland celebrated the feat of Galya Komleva with the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

Chernihiv region. The front came close to the village of Pogoreltsy. On the outskirts, covering the withdrawal of our units, a company held the defense. A boy brought cartridges to the soldiers. His name was Vasya Korobko.
Night. Vasya creeps up to the school building occupied by the Nazis.
He makes his way into the pioneer room, takes out the pioneer banner and hides it securely.
The outskirts of the village. Under the bridge - Vasya. He pulls out iron brackets, saws down the piles, and at dawn, from a hiding place, watches the bridge collapse under the weight of a fascist armored personnel carrier. The partisans were convinced that Vasya could be trusted, and entrusted him with a serious task: to become a scout in the enemy’s lair. At the fascist headquarters, he lights the stoves, chops wood, and he takes a closer look, remembers, and passes on information to the partisans. The punishers, who planned to exterminate the partisans, forced the boy to lead them into the forest. But Vasya led the Nazis to a police ambush. The Nazis, mistaking them for partisans in the dark, opened furious fire, killed all the policemen and themselves suffered heavy losses.
Together with the partisans, Vasya destroyed nine echelons and hundreds of Nazis. In one of the battles he was hit by an enemy bullet. The Motherland awarded its little hero, who lived a short but such a bright life, the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War,” 1st degree.

She was executed twice by the Nazis, and for many years her military friends considered Nadya dead. They even erected a monument to her.
It’s hard to believe, but when she became a scout in the partisan detachment of “Uncle Vanya” Dyachkov, she was not yet ten years old. Small, thin, she, pretending to be a beggar, wandered among the Nazis, noticing everything, remembering everything, and brought the most valuable information to the detachment. And then, together with partisan fighters, she blew up the fascist headquarters, derailed a train with military equipment, and mined objects.
The first time she was captured was when, together with Vanya Zvontsov, she hung out a red flag in enemy-occupied Vitebsk on November 7, 1941. They beat her with ramrods, tortured her, and when they brought her to the ditch to shoot her, she no longer had any strength left - she fell into the ditch, momentarily outstripping the bullet. Vanya died, and the partisans found Nadya alive in a ditch...
The second time she was captured at the end of 1943. And again torture: they poured ice water on her in the cold, burned a five-pointed star on her back. Considering the scout dead, the Nazis abandoned her when the partisans attacked Karasevo. Local residents came out paralyzed and almost blind. After the war in Odessa, Academician V.P. Filatov restored Nadya’s sight.
15 years later, she heard on the radio how the intelligence chief of the 6th detachment, Slesarenko - her commander - said that the soldiers would never forget their fallen comrades, and named among them Nadya Bogdanova, who saved his life, a wounded man...
Only then did she show up, only then did the people who worked with her learn about what an amazing destiny of a person she, Nadya Bogdanova, was awarded with the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and medals.

For the operation of reconnaissance and explosion of the railway. bridge over the Drissa River, Leningrad schoolgirl Larisa Mikheenko was nominated for a government award. But the Motherland did not have time to present the award to her brave daughter...
The war cut the girl off from her hometown: in the summer she went on vacation to the Pustoshkinsky district, but was unable to return - the village was occupied by the Nazis. The pioneer dreamed of breaking out of Hitler's slavery and making her way to her own people. And one night she left the village with two older friends.
At the headquarters of the 6th Kalinin Brigade, the commander, Major P.V. Ryndin, initially refused to accept “such little ones”: what kind of partisans are they? But how much even very young citizens can do for the Motherland! Girls were able to do what strong men could not. Dressed in rags, Lara walked through the villages, finding out where and how the guns were located, the sentries were posted, what German vehicles were moving along the highway, what kind of trains were coming to Pustoshka station and with what cargo.
She also took part in combat operations...
The young partisan, betrayed by a traitor in the village of Ignatovo, was shot by the Nazis. The Decree on awarding Larisa Mikheenko the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, contains the bitter word: “Posthumously.”

On June 11, 1944, units leaving for the front were lined up in the central square of Kyiv. And before this battle formation, they read out the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on awarding the pioneer Kostya Kravchuk with the Order of the Red Banner for saving and preserving two battle flags of rifle regiments during the occupation of the city of Kiev...
Retreating from Kyiv, two wounded soldiers entrusted Kostya with the banners. And Kostya promised to keep them.
At first I buried it in the garden under a pear tree: I thought our people would return soon. But the war dragged on, and, having dug up the banners, Kostya kept them in the barn until he remembered an old, abandoned well outside the city, near the Dnieper. Having wrapped his priceless treasure in burlap and rolled it with straw, he got out of the house at dawn and, with a canvas bag over his shoulder, led a cow to a distant forest. And there, looking around, he hid the bundle in the well, covered it with branches, dry grass, turf...
And throughout the long occupation the pioneer carried out his difficult guard at the banner, although he was caught in a raid, and even fled from the train in which the Kievites were driven away to Germany.
When Kyiv was liberated, Kostya, in a white shirt with a red tie, came to the military commandant of the city and unfurled banners in front of the well-worn and yet amazed soldiers.
On June 11, 1944, the newly formed units leaving for the front were given the rescued Kostya replacements.

Leonid Golikov was born in the village of Lukino, now Parfinsky district, Novgorod region, into a working-class family.
Graduated from 7th grade. He worked at plywood factory No. 2 in the village of Parfino.

Brigade reconnaissance officer of the 67th detachment of the fourth Leningrad partisan brigade, operating in the Novgorod and Pskov regions. Participated in 27 combat operations. He especially distinguished himself during the defeat of German garrisons in the villages of Aprosovo, Sosnitsy, and Sever.

In total, he destroyed: 78 Germans, 2 railway and 12 highway bridges, 2 food and fodder warehouses and 10 vehicles with ammunition. Accompanied a convoy with food (250 carts) to besieged Leningrad. For valor and courage he was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, the medal “For Courage” and the Partisan of the Patriotic War medal, 2nd degree.

On August 13, 1942, returning from reconnaissance from the Luga-Pskov highway, not far from the village of Varnitsa, Strugokrasnensky district, a grenade blew up a passenger car in which there was German Major General of the Engineering Troops Richard von Wirtz. The detachment commander's report indicated that in a shootout Golikov shot the general, the officer and driver accompanying him with a machine gun, but after that, in 1943-1944, General Wirtz commanded the 96th Infantry Division, and in 1945 he was captured by American troops . The intelligence officer delivered a briefcase with documents to the brigade headquarters. These included drawings and descriptions of new models of German mines, inspection reports to higher command and other important military papers. Nominated for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

On January 24, 1943, in an unequal battle in the village of Ostraya Luka, Pskov Region, Leonid Golikov died.

Valya Kotik Born on February 11, 1930 in the village of Khmelevka, Shepetovsky district. In the fall of 1941, together with his comrades, he killed the head of the field gendarmerie near the town of Shepetovka. In the battle for the city of Izyaslav in the Khmelnytsky region, on February 16, 1944, he was mortally wounded. In 1958, Valya was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Wherever the blue-eyed girl Yuta went, her red tie was always with her...
In the summer of 1941, she came from Leningrad on vacation to a village near Pskov. Here terrible news overtook Utah: war! Here she saw the enemy. Utah began to help the partisans. At first she was a messenger, then a scout. Dressed as a beggar boy, she collected information from the villages: where the fascist headquarters were, how they were guarded, how many machine guns there were.
Returning from a mission, I immediately tied a red tie. And it was as if the strength was increasing! Utah supported the tired soldiers with a sonorous pioneer song and a story about their native Leningrad...
And how happy everyone was, how the partisans congratulated Utah when the message came to the detachment: the blockade had been broken! Leningrad survived, Leningrad won! That day, both Yuta’s blue eyes and her red tie shone as it seems never before.
But the earth was still groaning under the enemy’s yoke, and the detachment, together with units of the Red Army, left to help the Estonian partisans. In one of the battles - near the Estonian farm of Rostov - Yuta Bondarovskaya, the little heroine of the great war, a pioneer who did not part with her red tie, died a heroic death. The Motherland awarded its heroic daughter posthumously with the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree, and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

An ordinary black bag would not attract the attention of visitors to a local history museum if it were not for a red tie lying next to it. A boy or girl will involuntarily freeze, an adult will stop, and they will read the yellowed certificate issued by the commissioner
partisan detachment. The fact that the young owner of these relics, pioneer Lida Vashkevich, risking her life, helped fight the Nazis. There is another reason to stop near these exhibits: Lida was awarded the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree.
...In the city of Grodno, occupied by the Nazis, a communist underground operated. One of the groups was led by Lida’s father. Contacts of underground fighters and partisans came to him, and each time the commander’s daughter was on duty at the house. From the outside looking in, she was playing. And she peered vigilantly, listened, to see if the policemen, the patrol, were approaching,
and, if necessary, gave a sign to her father. Dangerous? Very. But compared to other tasks, this was almost a game. Lida obtained paper for leaflets by buying a couple of sheets from different stores, often with the help of her friends. A pack will be collected, the girl will hide it at the bottom of a black bag and deliver it to the appointed place. And the next day the whole city reads
words of truth about the victories of the Red Army near Moscow and Stalingrad.
The girl warned the people's avengers about the raids while going around safe houses. She traveled from station to station by train to convey an important message to the partisans and underground fighters. She carried the explosives past the fascist posts in the same black bag, filled to the top with coal and trying not to bend so as not to arouse suspicion - coal is lighter explosives...
This is what kind of bag ended up in the Grodno Museum. And the tie that Lida was wearing in her bosom back then: she couldn’t, didn’t want to part with it.

Every summer, Nina and her younger brother and sister were taken from Leningrad to the village of Nechepert, where there is clean air, soft grass, honey and fresh milk... Roar, explosions, flames and smoke hit this quiet land in the fourteenth summer of pioneer Nina Kukoverova. War! From the first days of the arrival of the Nazis, Nina became a partisan intelligence officer. I remembered everything I saw around me and reported it to the detachment.
A punitive detachment is located in the village of the mountain, all approaches are blocked, even the most experienced scouts cannot get through. Nina volunteered to go. She walked for a dozen kilometers through a snow-covered plain and field. The Nazis did not pay attention to the chilled, tired girl with a bag, but nothing escaped her attention - neither the headquarters, nor the fuel depot, nor the location of the sentries. And when the partisan detachment set out on a campaign at night, Nina walked next to the commander as a scout, as a guide. That night, fascist warehouses flew into the air, the headquarters burst into flames, and the punitive forces fell, struck down by fierce fire.
Nina, a pioneer who was awarded the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War”, 1st degree, went on combat missions more than once.
The young heroine died. But the memory of Russia’s daughter is alive. She was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree. Nina Kukoverova is forever included in her pioneer squad.

He dreamed of heaven when he was just a boy. Arkady's father, Nikolai Petrovich Kamanin, a pilot, participated in the rescue of the Chelyuskinites, for which he received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. And my father’s friend, Mikhail Vasilyevich Vodopyanov, is always nearby. There was something to make the boy's heart burn. But they didn’t let him fly, they told him to grow up.
When the war began, he went to work at an aircraft factory, then he used the airfield for any opportunity to take to the skies. Experienced pilots, even if only for a few minutes, sometimes trusted him to fly the plane. One day the cockpit glass was broken by an enemy bullet. The pilot was blinded. Losing consciousness, he managed to hand over control to Arkady, and the boy landed the plane at his airfield.
After this, Arkady was allowed to seriously study flying, and soon he began to fly on his own.
One day, from above, a young pilot saw our plane shot down by the Nazis. Under heavy mortar fire, Arkady landed, carried the pilot into his plane, took off and returned to his own. The Order of the Red Star shone on his chest. For participation in battles with the enemy, Arkady was awarded the second Order of the Red Star. By that time he had already become an experienced pilot, although he was fifteen years old.
Arkady Kamanin fought with the Nazis until the victory. The young hero dreamed of the sky and conquered the sky!

1941... In the spring, Volodya Kaznacheev graduated from fifth grade. In the fall he joined the partisan detachment.
When, together with his sister Anya, he came to the partisans in the Kletnyansky forests in the Bryansk region, the detachment said: “What a reinforcement!..” True, having learned that they were from Solovyanovka, the children of Elena Kondratyevna Kaznacheeva, the one who baked bread for the partisans , they stopped joking (Elena Kondratievna was killed by the Nazis).
The detachment had a “partisan school”. Future miners and demolition workers trained there. Volodya mastered this science perfectly and, together with his senior comrades, derailed eight echelons. He also had to cover the group’s retreat, stopping the pursuers with grenades...
He was a liaison; he often went to Kletnya, delivering valuable information; After waiting until dark, he posted leaflets. From operation to operation he became more experienced and skillful.
The Nazis placed a reward on the head of partisan Kzanacheev, not even suspecting that their brave opponent was just a boy. He fought alongside the adults until the very day when his native land was liberated from the fascist evil spirits, and rightfully shared with the adults the glory of the hero - the liberator of his native land. Volodya Kaznacheev was awarded the Order of Lenin and the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree.

The Brest Fortress was the first to take the enemy's blow. Bombs and shells exploded, walls collapsed, people died both in the fortress and in the city of Brest. From the first minutes, Valya’s father went into battle. He left and did not return, died a hero, like many defenders of the Brest Fortress.
And the Nazis forced Valya to make her way into the fortress under fire in order to convey to its defenders the demand to surrender. Valya made her way into the fortress, talked about the atrocities of the Nazis, explained what weapons they had, indicated their location and stayed to help our soldiers. She bandaged the wounded, collected cartridges and brought them to the soldiers.
There was not enough water in the fortress, it was divided by sip. The thirst was painful, but Valya again and again refused her sip: the wounded needed water. When the command of the Brest Fortress decided to take the children and women out from under fire and transport them to the other side of the Mukhavets River - there was no other way to save their lives - the little nurse Valya Zenkina asked to be left with the soldiers. But an order is an order, and then she vowed to continue the fight against the enemy until complete victory.
And Valya kept her vow. Various trials befell her. But she survived. She survived. And she continued her struggle in the partisan detachment. She fought bravely, along with adults. For courage and bravery, the Motherland awarded its young daughter the Order of the Red Star.

Pioneer Vitya Khomenko passed his heroic path of struggle against the fascists in the underground organization “Nikolaev Center”.
...Vitya’s German at school was “excellent,” and the underground members instructed the pioneer to get a job in the officers’ mess. He washed dishes, sometimes served officers in the hall and listened to their conversations. In drunken arguments, the fascists blurted out information that was of great interest to the Nikolaev Center.
The officers began sending the fast, smart boy on errands, and soon he was made a messenger at headquarters. It could never have occurred to them that the most secret packages were the first to be read by underground workers at the turnout...
Together with Shura Kober, Vitya received the task of crossing the front line to establish contact with Moscow. In Moscow, at the headquarters of the partisan movement, they reported the situation and talked about what they observed on the way.
Returning to Nikolaev, the guys delivered a radio transmitter, explosives, and weapons to the underground fighters. And again fight without fear or hesitation. On December 5, 1942, ten underground members were captured by the Nazis and executed. Among them are two boys - Shura Kober and Vitya Khomenko. They lived as heroes and died as heroes.
The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree - posthumously - was awarded by the Motherland to its fearless son. The school where he studied is named after Vitya Khomenko.

Zina Portnova was born on February 20, 1926 in the city of Leningrad into a working-class family. Belarusian by nationality. Graduated from 7th grade.

At the beginning of June 1941, she came for school holidays to the village of Zui, near the Obol station, Shumilinsky district, Vitebsk region. After the Nazi invasion of the USSR, Zina Portnova found herself in occupied territory. Since 1942, a member of the Obol underground organization “Young Avengers,” whose leader was the future Hero of the Soviet Union E. S. Zenkova, a member of the organization’s committee. While underground she was accepted into the Komsomol.

She participated in the distribution of leaflets among the population and sabotage against the invaders. While working in the canteen of a retraining course for German officers, at the direction of the underground, she poisoned the food (more than a hundred officers died). During the proceedings, wanting to prove to the Germans that she was not involved, she tried the poisoned soup. Miraculously, she survived.

Since August 1943, scout of the partisan detachment named after. K. E. Voroshilova. In December 1943, returning from a mission to find out the reasons for the failure of the Young Avengers organization, she was captured in the village of Mostishche and identified by a certain Anna Khrapovitskaya. During one of the interrogations at the Gestapo in the village of Goryany (Belarus), she grabbed the investigator’s pistol from the table, shot him and two other Nazis, tried to escape, and was captured. After torture, she was shot in a prison in Polotsk (according to another version, in the village of Goryany, now Polotsk district, Vitebsk region of Belarus).

School in the partisan region.

T. Cat. ,From the book “Children-Heroes”,
Getting stuck in a marshy swamp, falling and getting up again, we went to our own - to the partisans. The Germans were fierce in their native village.
And for a whole month the Germans bombed our camp. “The partisans have been destroyed,” they finally sent a report to their high command. But invisible hands again derailed trains, blew up weapons warehouses, and destroyed German garrisons.
Summer is over, autumn is already trying on its colorful, crimson outfit. It was difficult for us to imagine September without school.
- These are the letters I know! - eight-year-old Natasha Drozd once said and drew a round “O” in the sand with a stick and next to it - an uneven gate “P”. Her friend drew some numbers. The girls were playing school, and neither one nor the other noticed with what sadness and warmth the commander of the partisan detachment Kovalevsky was watching them. In the evening at the council of commanders he said:
“The kids need school...” and added quietly: “We can’t deprive them of their childhood.”
That same night, Komsomol members Fedya Trutko and Sasha Vasilevsky went out on a combat mission, with Pyotr Ilyich Ivanovsky with them. They returned a few days later. Pencils, pens, primers, and problem books were taken out of their pockets and bosoms. There was a sense of peace and home, of great human care, from these books here, among the swamps, where a mortal battle for life was taking place.
“It’s easier to blow up a bridge than to get your books,” Pyotr Ilyich flashed his teeth cheerfully and took out... a pioneer horn.
None of the partisans said a word about the risk they were exposed to. There could have been an ambush in every house, but it never occurred to any of them to abandon the task or return empty-handed. ,
Three classes were organized: first, second and third. School... Pegs driven into the ground, intertwined with wicker, a cleared area, instead of a board and chalk - sand and a stick, instead of desks - stumps, instead of a roof over your head - camouflage from German planes. In cloudy weather we were plagued by mosquitoes, sometimes snakes crawled in, but we didn’t pay attention to anything.
How the children valued their clearing school, how they hung on every word of the teacher! There were one textbook, two per class. There were no books at all on some subjects. We remembered a lot from the words of the teacher, who sometimes came to class straight from a combat mission, with a rifle in his hands, belted with ammunition.
The soldiers brought everything they could get for us from the enemy, but there was not enough paper. We carefully removed birch bark from fallen trees and wrote on it with coals. There was no case of anyone not doing their homework. Only those guys who were urgently sent to reconnaissance skipped classes.
It turned out that we only had nine pioneers; the remaining twenty-eight guys had to be accepted as pioneers. We sewed a banner from a parachute donated to the partisans and made a pioneer uniform. Partisans were accepted into pioneers, and the detachment commander himself tied ties for new arrivals. The headquarters of the pioneer squad was immediately elected.
Without stopping our studies, we built a new dugout school for the winter. To insulate it, a lot of moss was needed. They pulled it out so hard that their fingers hurt, sometimes they tore off their nails, they cut their hands painfully with grass, but no one complained. No one demanded excellent academic performance from us, but each of us made this demand on ourselves. And when the hard news came that our beloved comrade Sasha Vasilevsky had been killed, all the pioneers of the squad took a solemn oath: to study even better.
At our request, the squad was given the name of a deceased friend. That same night, avenging Sasha, the partisans blew up 14 German vehicles and derailed the train. The Germans sent 75 thousand punitive forces against the partisans. The blockade began again. Everyone who knew how to handle weapons went into battle. Families retreated into the depths of the swamps, and our pioneer squad also retreated. Our clothes were frozen, we ate flour boiled in hot water once a day. But, retreating, we grabbed all our textbooks. Classes continued at the new location. And we kept the oath given to Sasha Vasilevsky. In the spring exams, all the pioneers answered without hesitation. The strict examiners - the detachment commander, the commissar, the teachers - were pleased with us.
As a reward, the best students received the right to participate in shooting competitions. They fired from the detachment commander's pistol. This was the highest honor for the guys.

You don’t choose times, says the well-known wisdom. Some people experience a childhood with pioneer camps and collecting waste paper, others with game consoles and accounts on social networks.

A military secret

The generation of children of the 1930s inherited a cruel and terrible war, which took away relatives, loved ones, friends and childhood itself. And instead of children's toys, the most persistent and courageous took rifles and machine guns into their hands. They took it to take revenge on the enemy and fight for the Motherland.

War is not a child's business. But when she comes to your house, the usual ideas change radically.

In 1933 the writer Arkady Gaidar wrote “The Tale of the Military Secret, the Malchish-Kibalchish and his firm word.” This work by Gaidar, written eight years before the start of the Great Patriotic War, was destined to become a symbol of memory of all the young heroes who died in the fight against the Nazi invaders.

Valya Kotik, like all Soviet boys and girls, of course, heard the fairy tale about Malchish-Kibalchish. But he hardly thought that he would have to be in the place of the brave hero Gaidar.

He was born on February 11, 1930 in Ukraine, in the village of Khmelevka, Kamenets-Podolsk region, into a peasant family.

Valya had an ordinary childhood as a boy of that time, with the usual pranks, secrets, and sometimes bad grades. Everything changed in June 1941, when war broke into the life of sixth-grader Valya Kotik.

Desperate

The rapid Hitlerite blitzkrieg of the summer of 1941, and now Valya, who by that time lived in the city of Shepetivka, together with his family was already in the occupied territory.

The victorious power of the Wehrmacht instilled fear in many adults, but did not frighten Valya, who, together with his friends, decided to fight the Nazis. To begin with, they began to collect and hide weapons that remained at the sites of battles that raged around Shepetivka. Then they grew bolder to the point that they began to steal machine guns from unwary Nazis.

And in the fall of 1941, a desperate boy committed real sabotage - setting up an ambush near the road, he used a grenade to blow up a car with Nazis, killing several soldiers and the commander of a field gendarmerie detachment.

The underground members learned about Valya's affairs. It was almost impossible to stop the desperate boy, and then he was involved in underground work. He was tasked with collecting information about the German garrison, posting leaflets, and acting as a liaison.

For the time being, the nimble boy did not arouse suspicion among the Nazis. However, the more successful actions became on the account of the underground, the more carefully the Nazis began to look for their assistants among the local residents.

A young partisan saved a detachment from punitive forces

In the summer of 1943, the threat of arrest hung over Valya’s family, and he, along with his mother and brother, went into the forest, becoming a fighter in the Karmelyuk partisan detachment.

The command tried to take care of the 13-year-old boy, but he was eager to fight. In addition, Valya showed himself to be a skilled intelligence officer and a person capable of finding a way out of the most difficult situation.

In October 1943, Valya, who was on a partisan patrol, ran into punitive forces preparing to attack the base of a partisan detachment. They tied up the boy, but, deciding that he did not pose a threat and could not provide valuable intelligence, they left him under guard right there, on the edge of the forest.

Valya himself was wounded, but managed to get to the hut of the forester who was helping the partisans. After recovery, he continued to fight in the detachment.

Valya participated in the undermining of six enemy echelons, the destruction of the Nazi strategic communications cable, as well as in a number of other successful actions, for which he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and the medal “Partisan of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree.”

Vali's last fight

On February 11, 1944, Valya turned 14 years old. The front was rapidly moving to the West, and the partisans helped the regular army as best they could. Shepetovka, where Valya lived, had already been liberated, but the detachment moved on, preparing for its last operation - the assault on the city of Izyaslav.

After it, the detachment had to be disbanded, the adults had to join the regular units, and Valya had to return to school.

The battle for Izyaslav on February 16, 1944 turned out to be hot, but it was already ending in favor of the partisans when Valya was seriously wounded by a stray bullet.

Soviet troops rushed into the city to help the partisans. The wounded Valya was urgently sent to the rear, to the hospital. However, the wound turned out to be fatal - on February 17, 1944, Valya Kotik died.

Valya was buried in the village of Khorovets. At the request of his mother, the son’s ashes were transferred to the city of Shepetivka and reburied in the city park.

A large country that survived a terrible war could not immediately appreciate the exploits of all those who fought for its freedom and independence. But over time, everything fell into place.

For his heroism in the fight against the Nazi invaders, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 27, 1958, Valentin Aleksandrovich Kotik was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

In history, he never became Valentin, remaining simply Valya. The youngest Hero of the Soviet Union.

His name, like the names of other pioneer heroes whose exploits were told to Soviet schoolchildren in the post-war period, was defamed in the post-Soviet period.

But time puts everything in its place. A feat is a feat, and betrayal is betrayal. Valya Kotik, in a difficult time of testing for the Motherland, turned out to be more courageous than many adults, who to this day are looking for justification for their cowardice and cowardice. Eternal glory to him!