Poor Liza is the love story of Liza and Erast. The theme of love between Lisa and Erast in Karamzin’s story “Poor Liza”

Karamzin's story " Poor Lisa", which revolutionized the public consciousness. For the first time in the history of Russian prose, Karamzin turned to a heroine endowed with everyday traits. His words “even peasant women know how to love” became popular. In his story Karamzin shows interest in to the common man, to the world of his feelings and experiences. Karamzin mourns, cries over the fate of poor Liza, is indignant, talking about the act of the weak and flighty Erast, who destroyed Liza. Who is Liza, because of whom sensitive readers and especially female readers shed streams of tears? Liza - a poor peasant girl who is left an orphan early on. She lives in one of the villages near Moscow with her mother - a “sensitive, poor old woman”, from whom Lisa inherits her main talent - the ability to love devotedly. To support herself and her mother, Lisa, “not sparing her tender youth,” takes on any job. In the spring she goes to the city to sell flowers. There, in Moscow, Lisa meets young nobleman Erast "with considerable intelligence and kind hearted, kind by nature, but weak and flighty." He spent his life in secular pleasures, but he soon became bored with them. Lisa's beauty impressed him strong impression, and “it seemed to him that he had found in Lisa what his heart had been looking for for a long time.” He falls in love with a spontaneous, indifferent girl with “the love of a brother,” and admires his “shepherdess.” However, soon platonic love between young people turns into a sensual one, and that’s when he realizes that his love has begun to satisfy him. Lisa was no longer in his eyes the “immaculate angel” who delighted his soul.
But gradually she begins to notice the change taking place in Erast. He explains his coolness by concern: he needs to go to war. However, in the army he does not so much fight the enemy as lose at cards. To improve his affairs, he has to marry a rich elderly widow. Sensitivity - this is how the main advantage of Karamzin’s stories was defined. Sensitivity is a central character trait of Lisa. She trusts the movements of her heart, lives with “tender passions.” Ultimately, it is ardor and bitterness that lead Liza to death. The motive of seducing a pure and immaculate girl, which is found in many of Karamzin’s works, takes on a social resonance in “Poor Liza.” Karamzin was one of the first to introduce the contrast between city and countryside into Russian literature. In the story "Poor Liza" country man- a man of nature - finds himself defenseless when he finds himself in an urban space where laws that differ from natural laws apply.

An essay on the topic “Why didn’t the happiness of Erast and Lisa happen?”

Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin’s story “Poor Liza” is imbued with sentimental feelings and experiences of a young and incredibly beautiful girl of peasant origin. Her family was once quite wealthy, but after the death of the father of the family, her and her mother’s existence became very difficult and poor. Lisa tried her best to earn money to survive and often did not spare herself, her beauty, or her youth.
In Moscow she sold flowers. One day, a handsome and noble young man approached Lisa and offered to buy flowers for a much higher price, arguing that flowers picked with such a beautiful hand would last longer. Lisa refused due to her natural modesty. Then the young man, and his name was Erast, said that he would buy flowers from her every day. At that very moment at their first meeting, a completely new feeling appeared in Lisa’s soul, which she had never experienced before. Amazing excitement and deep thoughts settled in her soul. She undoubtedly began to feel sympathy for Erast. And what was her happiness when he soon personally visited their house and said that from now on he would visit her every evening.
Thus began a short, but incredibly touching and romantic series of dates between Lisa and Erast. They were together every evening under the shade of green foliage. The young man admired the girl’s natural beauty and innocence. He felt that Lisa had that purity, sincerity and integrity that could not be found in the spoiled society of nobles. It was new and interesting for Erast to spend time with the girl. Their relationship was innocent and high.
But one day Lisa came on a date with obvious anxiety. It turned out that the son of a wealthy peasant was wooing her and her mother was going to marry her off. Erast was also amazed. He said that he would certainly take her to him and live with her until the end of his days. After all, the main thing for him is Lisa’s innocent soul, and her position in society is not important to him. Since the girl was of peasant origin, and Erast was a nobleman. At that moment, their virgin relationship ended. Both succumbed to temptation and something happened that could not be changed. On this day, Lisa cried when she said goodbye to Erast. She was scared by the realization of what she had done.
After this, their dates did not end, but irreparable changes occurred in Erast. Now Lisa no longer seemed to him like a pure, innocent, immaculate girl. This halo was irrevocably destroyed. The young man felt that his soul was now filled with the same vicious feelings from which he was pretty tired in the highest noble society. Lisa ceased to be interesting to him, she was already a “read book,” and Erast lost interest in her. In my opinion, it is the loss of everything that is interesting young man to Lisa led to a sad end.
Soon he informed the girl that he needed to leave for the army and they had to separate for a long time. Lisa was very worried, but believed that he would certainly return and everything would be as before. But this was not destined to come true. After some time, the girl saw Erast next to his house and immediately rushed to hug him. The young man immediately took her into the house, locked her in his office and explained the situation that plans had changed dramatically and now he was engaged to another girl. Lisa's heart was broken and she immediately left the estate. Unable to bear the betrayal of her loved one, she committed suicide that same day. So it ended sad, but incredible beautiful story poor Lisa.

In the center of the story "Poor Lisa" there are two main characters - Erast and Lisa, and despite the fact that the story itself is named after Lisa, Erast also plays in this story important role. Erast is an essentially kind person, but weak, flighty and irresponsible. These character traits played with him cruel joke. His story began with the fact that he fell in love with a poor girl who sold flowers, but he fell in love with her not as a person, not as a person, but as a kind of ideal, fictional character one of those that are usually described in novels, which by the way Erast loved to read. From this we can conclude that main character- a romantic, he does not have a sense of reality. The limit of his dreams about happy life there were paintings where carelessness, tranquility, idleness reigned, but real life prepared for him a completely different fate. His irresponsibility and weak character destroyed Lisa’s love and destiny, cut short the life of her mother, and brought him many losses. Erast spent the rest of his life tormented by feelings of guilt, because it was he who caused the death of the woman in love with him. main character. Therefore, he can also be called indifferent, callous. His love has passed, Lisa is no longer needed. Erast considered it more important to correct his financial situation rather than remaining faithful to your beloved. He decided to simply cynically buy her off, get rid of her, without caring at all about what unbearable pain will bring this to the poor girl and what consequences will his indifference lead to. Lisa could not bear such a shock; she took her own life. And Erast lived the rest of his life unhappily. Perhaps this was a punishment for his rash act and the lives he ruined.

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Karamzin’s story “Poor Liza” tells about the love of the young nobleman Erast and the peasant woman Liza. Lisa lives with her mother in the outskirts of Moscow. The girl sells flowers and here she meets Erast. Erast is a man “with a fair mind and a kind heart, kind by nature, but weak and flighty.”

His love for Lisa turned out to be fragile. Erast plays cards.

In an effort to improve matters, he is going to marry a rich widow, so he leaves Lisa. Shocked by Erast's betrayal, Lisa throws herself into the pond in despair and drowns. This tragic end is largely predetermined by the class inequality of the heroes.

Erast is a nobleman. Lisa is a peasant woman. Their marriage is impossible. But the ability to love and be happy do not always coincide.

In the story, the author values ​​not nobility and wealth, but spiritual qualities, the ability to deeply feel. Karamzin was a great humanist, a man with subtle soul. He denied serfdom, not recognizing the power of people to control the lives of other people. Although the heroine of the story is not a serf girl, but a free peasant woman, nevertheless, the class wall between her and her lover is insurmountable.

Even Lisa's love could not break this barrier. Reading the story, I am completely on Lisa’s side, experiencing the delight of love and grieving over the death of the girl. Turning to high topic unrequited love, Karamzin understood and felt that the drama human feelings cannot be explained solely by social reasons. The image of Erast in this sense is very interesting, his character is contradictory; He has a gentle, poetic nature and is handsome, which is why Lisa fell in love with him.

At the same time, Erast is selfish, weak-willed, and capable of deception; with cold cruelty he takes Lisa out of his house, but upon learning of her death, he could not be consoled and considered himself a murderer. The author emphasizes that no class superiority frees a person from responsibility for his actions. The state of a young, chaste and naive girlhood with a joyful trust in life merged with bright colors sunny day, blooming nature. Then there is an anxious period of bewilderment in front of a new, unfamiliar feeling after meeting Erast.

It gives way to a touching picture of pure first love, happy and spiritually inspired. But when poor Liza gives herself to Erast, the girl’s pure delights are overshadowed by the consciousness of something lawless that has interfered with her love. And this is new state of mind nature responds in its own way: “Meanwhile, lightning flashed and thunder thundered. Lisa trembled all over: “Erast, Erast!

She said. - I'm scared! I’m afraid that thunder will kill me like a criminal!” The anxiety turns out to be unfounded: the jaded young nobleman begins to cool in his feelings for Lisa.

And in her soul, the fear of losing her loved one is replaced by hope for the opportunity to return lost happiness. Here Erast leaves Lisa for a long time, going on a military campaign, where he loses all his fortune at cards, and upon his return decides to improve matters by marrying a rich widow.

Having learned about this from the lips of Erast himself, Lisa falls into despair. Deceived in best hopes and feelings, the girl throws herself into the pond near the Simonov Monastery - the place of her happy dates with Erast.

In the character of Erast, Karamzin anticipates the type of disappointed person common in new Russian literature. By nature, Erast is kind, but weak and flighty. Public life and he is tired of secular pleasures, he is bored and complains about his fate. Influenced sentimental novels, which Erast read a lot, he dreams of happy times when people, not burdened by the conventions and rules of civilization, lived carefree and amicably in the lap of nature. Disappointed in the world, in the people of his circle, Erast is looking for new impressions. Meeting with Lisa satisfies his dreams of a harmonious life away from society, in the natural simplicity of morals and customs. But he soon becomes tired of the shepherd's idyll.

The motives of the story associated with Erast will be heard in different variations in our literature - in Pushkin’s “Gypsies”, in L. N. Tolstoy’s late drama “The Living Corpse” and the novel “Resurrection”. And Lisa’s fate will respond in “ Stationmaster"Pushkin, in Dostoevsky's "Poor People".

Essentially, “Poor Liza” opens the key Russian literature subject " little man" True, the social aspect in the relationship between Liza and Erast is muted: Karamzin is most concerned in the story with proving that “even peasant women know how to love.”

But that is precisely why Karamzin lacks social flavor in his depiction of Lisa’s character. This is perhaps the weakest point of the story, because Liza is less like a peasant woman and more like a sweetheart socialite era of Karamzin, brought up on sensitive sentimental novels.

Nowadays, such a writer’s approach to depicting people from the people seems naive and inartistic. But Karamzin’s contemporaries, who had not yet read Krylov, Pushkin, or Gogol, not only did not feel this falsehood, but admired the artistic truth of the story to tears. The pond at the Simonov Monastery became a place of pilgrimage for admirers of Karamzin’s talent and was named “Lizin’s Pond.” Sentimental couples came here for a date, people with sensitive and broken hearts. So, one of the secular wits wrote the following announcement about this: Here Erast’s bride threw herself into the water, - Drown yourself, girls, there’s plenty of room in the pond! But the monks simply stopped these pilgrimages: they surrounded the pond with a fence and posted a sign that this pond was not called Lizin at all.

All this now cannot but cause a smile at the naivety and simplicity of people of a time distant from us. But upon mature reflection, one cannot but agree that “attached” to the peasant woman and expressed in a somewhat archaic, outdated literary language the story of girlish love from its inception to the catastrophe is conveyed by Karamzin with psychological authenticity, the grain of which already contains the future Turgenev, the singer of “first love” and subtle connoisseur a girl's heart, and Leo Tolstoy with insight into the mental process with its forms and laws. Recognized throughout the world for the sophisticated psychologism of Russian literary prose is anticipated, arises in Karamzin’s now seemingly naive and even inept story.

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