Dahl in and stories. Tales of Vladimir Dahl

Brief biography, life and work of Vladimir Dahl

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal is a Russian scientist and writer. Was a corresponding member of the physics and mathematics department St. Petersburg Academy Sci. He was one of the 12 founders of the Russian Geographical Society. Knew at least 12 languages, including several Turkic. His greatest fame came from compiling the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Great Russian Language.”

Family of Vladimir Dahl

Vladimir Dal, whose biography is well known to all fans of his work, was born in 1801 on the territory of modern Lugansk (Ukraine).

His father was Danish, and Russian name Ivan accepted Russian citizenship in 1799. Ivan Matveevich Dal knew French, Greek, English, Yiddish, Hebrew, Latin and German, was a physician and theologian. His linguistic abilities were so high that Catherine II herself invited Ivan Matveyevich to St. Petersburg to work in the court library. He later went to Jena to train as a doctor, then returned to Russia and received a medical license.

In St. Petersburg, Ivan Matveevich married Maria Freytag. They had 4 boys:

Vladimir (born 1801).
Karl (born 1802). He served in the navy all his life and had no children. He was buried in Nikolaev (Ukraine).
Pavel (born 1805). He suffered from consumption and, due to poor health, lived with his mother in Italy. Had no children. He died young and was buried in Rome.
Leo (birth year unknown). Was killed Polish rebels.
Maria Dahl knew 5 languages. Her mother was a descendant of an old family of French Huguenots and studied Russian literature. Most often she translated into Russian the works of A. V. Iffland and S. Gesner. Maria Dahl's grandfather is a pawnshop official and a collegiate assessor. In fact, it was he who forced the father of the future writer to take up the medical profession, considering it one of the most profitable.

Vladimir Dahl's studies

Primary education Vladimir Dal, short biography which is in literature textbooks, I received it at home. His parents instilled in him a love of reading from childhood.

At the age of 13, Vladimir, together with younger brother entered St. Petersburg cadet corps. They studied there for 5 years. In 1819, Dahl graduated as a midshipman. By the way, he will write about his studies and service in the navy 20 years later in the story “Midshipman Kisses, or Look Back Tough.”

After serving in the navy until 1826, Vladimir entered the medical faculty of the University of Dorpat. He made his living by giving Russian language lessons. Due to lack of funds, he had to live in an attic closet. Two years later, Dahl was enrolled in state-funded pupils. As one of his biographers wrote: “Vladimir plunged headlong into his studies.” He especially leaned on Latin language. And for his work on philosophy he was even awarded a silver medal.

I had to interrupt my studies when I started Russian-Turkish war in 1828. In the Transdanubian region, cases of plague increased, and the active army needed reinforcement medical service. Vladimir Dal, whose brief biography is known even to foreign writers, passed the exam to become a surgeon ahead of schedule. His dissertation was entitled “On the successful method of craniotomy and on latent ulceration of the kidneys.”

Medical activity of Vladimir Dahl

During the battles of the Polish and Russian-Turkish companies, Vladimir showed himself to be a brilliant military doctor. In 1832, he got a job as a resident at the St. Petersburg hospital and soon became a well-known and respected doctor in the city.

P. I. Melnikov (Dal’s biographer) wrote: “Having moved away from surgical practice, Vladimir Ivanovich did not leave medicine. He found new passions - homeopathy and ophthalmology."

Military activities of Vladimir Dahl

Biography of Dahl, summary which shows that Vladimir always achieved his goals, describes a case when the writer proved himself to be a soldier. This happened in 1831 when General Riediger was crossing the Vistula River (Polish company). Dahl helped build a bridge across it, defended it, and after crossing, destroyed it. For failure to fulfill direct medical duties, Vladimir Ivanovich received a reprimand from his superiors. But later the tsar personally awarded the future ethnographer the Vladimir Cross.

First steps in literature

Dahl, whose short biography was well known to his descendants, began his literary activity from the scandal. He composed an epigram on Craig, the commander-in-chief of the Black Sea Fleet, and Yulia Kulchinskaya, his common-law wife. For this, Vladimir Ivanovich was arrested in September 1823 for 9 months. After the court's acquittal, he moved from Nikolaev to Kronstadt.

In 1827, Dahl published his first poems in the magazine Slavyanin. And in 1830 he revealed himself as a prose writer in the story “The Gypsy,” published in the Moscow Telegraph. Unfortunately, it is impossible to talk about this in detail in one article. wonderful work. If you want to get more information, you can refer to thematic encyclopedias. Reviews of the story can be in the section “Dal Vladimir: biography”. The writer also composed several books for children. Greatest success I used “First First Vintage”, as well as “Other First Vintage”.

Confession and second arrest

As a writer, Vladimir Dal, whose biography is well known to all schoolchildren, became famous thanks to his book “Russian Fairy Tales,” published in 1832. The rector of the Dorpat Institute invited his former student to the department of Russian literature. Vladimir's book was accepted as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Now everyone knew that Dahl was a writer whose biography is an example to follow. But trouble happened. The work was rejected by the Minister of Education himself as unreliable. The reason for this was the denunciation of the official Mordvinov.

Dahl's biography describes this event as follows. At the end of 1832, Vladimir Ivanovich made a tour of the hospital where he worked. People in uniform came, arrested him and took him to Mordvinov. He attacked the doctor with vulgar abuse, waving “” in front of his nose, and sent the writer to prison. Vladimir was helped by Zhukovsky, who at that time was the teacher of Alexander, the son of Nicholas I. Zhukovsky described to the heir to the throne everything that happened in an anecdotal light, describing Dahl as modest and talented person, awarded medals and orders for military service. Alexander convinced his father of the absurdity of the situation and Vladimir Ivanovich was released.

Acquaintance and friendship with Pushkin

Any published biography of Dahl contains a moment of acquaintance with the great poet. Zhukovsky repeatedly promised Vladimir that he would introduce him to Pushkin. Dal got tired of waiting and, taking a copy of “Russian Fairy Tales,” which had been withdrawn from sale, went to introduce himself to Alexander Sergeevich on his own. Pushkin, in response, also gave Vladimir Ivanovich a book - “The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda.” This is how their friendship began.

At the end of 1836, Vladimir Ivanovich arrived in St. Petersburg. Pushkin visited him many times and asked him about linguistic discoveries. The poet really liked the word “crawl” he heard from Dahl. It meant the skin that snakes and grass snakes shed after wintering. During his next visit, Alexander Sergeevich asked Dahl, pointing to his frock coat: “Well, is my crawl good? I won't crawl out of it anytime soon. I’ll write masterpieces in it!” He wore this coat to the duel. In order not to cause unnecessary suffering to the wounded poet, the “crawling out” had to be flogged. By the way, this incident is even described in Dahl’s biography for children.

Vladimir Ivanovich took part in the treatment of Alexander Sergeevich’s fatal wound, although the poet’s relatives did not invite Dahl. Having learned that his friend was seriously injured, he came to him himself. Pushkin was surrounded by several famous doctors. In addition to Ivan Spassky (the Pushkins’ family doctor) and court physician Nikolai Arendt, three other specialists were present. Alexander Sergeevich joyfully greeted Dahl and asked with a prayer: “Tell the truth, I’m going to die soon?” Vladimir Ivanovich answered professionally: “We hope that everything will be fine and you should not despair.” The poet shook his hand and thanked him.

Being near death, Pushkin gave Dahl his gold ring with an emerald, with the words: “Vladimir, take it as a souvenir.” And when the writer shook his head, Alexander Sergeevich repeated: “Take it, my friend, I am no longer destined to compose.” Subsequently, Dahl wrote about this gift to V. Odoevsky: “When I look at this ring, I immediately want to create something decent.” Dahl visited the poet's widow in order to return the gift. But Natalya Nikolaevna did not accept it, saying: “No, Vladimir Ivanovich, this is for your memory. And also, I want to give you his bullet-pierced frock coat.” It was the crawl-out frock coat described above.

Marriage of Vladimir Dahl

In 1833, Dahl's biography was marked important event: He took Julia Andre as his wife. By the way, Pushkin himself knew her personally. Julia conveyed her impressions of meeting the poet in letters to E. Voronina. Together with his wife, Vladimir moved to Orenburg, where they had two children. In 1834, a son, Lev, was born, and 4 years later, a daughter, Julia. Together with his family, Dahl was transferred as an official to carry out special assignments under Governor V.A. Perovsky.

Having become a widower, Vladimir Ivanovich married again in 1840 to Ekaterina Sokolova. She gave birth to the writer three daughters: Maria, Olga and Catherine. The latter wrote memoirs about her father, which were published in 1878 in the Russian Messenger magazine.

Naturalist

In 1838, for collecting collections on the fauna and flora of the Orenburg region, Dahl was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences in the department of natural sciences.

Dictionary

Anyone who knows Dahl’s biography knows about the writer’s main work, the Explanatory Dictionary. When it was assembled and processed to the letter “P”, Vladimir Ivanovich wanted to retire and completely concentrate on working on his brainchild. In 1859, Dahl moved to Moscow and settled in the house of Prince Shcherbaty, who wrote “The History of the Russian State.” Passed in this house final stages work on the dictionary, which is still unsurpassed in volume.

Dahl set himself goals that can be expressed in two quotes: “The living people's language should become a treasury and source for the development of literate Russian speech”; " General definitions concepts, objects and words - this is an impossible and useless task.” And the more common and simple the subject, the more sophisticated it is. Explaining and communicating a word to other people is much more intelligible than any definition. And examples help clarify the matter even more.”

To achieve this great goal, the linguist Dahl, whose biography is in many literary encyclopedias, spent 53 years. Here is what Kotlyarevsky wrote about the dictionary: “Literature, Russian science and the whole society received a monument worthy of the greatness of our people. Dahl’s work will be a source of pride for future generations.”

In 1861, for the first editions of the dictionary, the Imperial Geographical Society awarded Vladimir Ivanovich the Konstantinovsky medal. In 1868 he was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences. And after the publication of all volumes of the dictionary, Dahl received the Lomonosov Prize.

The last years of Vladimir Dahl

In 1871, the writer fell ill and invited Orthodox priest. Dahl did this because he wanted to receive communion according to the Orthodox rite. That is, shortly before his death, he converted to Orthodoxy.

In September 1872, Vladimir Ivanovich Dal, whose biography was described above, died. He was buried with his wife at Vagankovskoe cemetery. Six years later, his son Leo was also interred there.
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Vladimir Dal. Fairy tales for children.
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Vladimir Ivanovich Dal (November 10 (22), 1801 - September 22 (October 4), 1872) - Russian writer, ethnographer, linguist, lexicographer, doctor. He became famous as the author of the Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language.
Pseudonym - Cossack Lugansky.

Dahl's father came from Denmark and was educated in Germany, where he studied theology and ancient and modern languages. Mother, German, spoke five languages. Dahl received home education, wrote poetry. In 1815 he entered the Naval Cadet Corps in St. Petersburg. Studying in the corps, later described in the story Midshipman Kisses, or Look Back Toughly (1841), Dahl considered “killed years.” A training voyage to Denmark convinced him that “my fatherland is Russia, that I have nothing in common with the fatherland of my ancestors.” Upon completion of his studies (1819), he was sent to serve as a midshipman in the Black Sea Fleet. At this time, Dal, in his words, “unconsciously” began to write down words unknown to him, thus beginning the main work of his life - the creation of an Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language.

During his service, Dahl continued to write poetry, which brought him trouble: for an epigram on the commander-in-chief of the Black Sea Fleet in 1823, he was taken under arrest. Acquitted by the court, Dahl was transferred to Kronstadt, and in 1826 he retired and entered the medical faculty of Dorpat University. Financial situation It was difficult for Dahl, he earned his living by tutoring, nevertheless, his years of study remained one of the brightest memories of his life. Dahl wrote poetry and one act comedies, met the poets Yazykov and Zhukovsky, the surgeon Pirogov, as well as the publisher of the magazine “Slav” Voeikov, who first published Dahl’s poems in 1827.

In 1829 Dahl successfully defended his dissertation and was sent to the Russian-Turkish war in the active army. Working in a field hospital, he became a brilliant surgeon. Dahl continued to collect material for the future Dictionary, recording “regional sayings” from different areas from the words of soldiers. Then the impressions of his childhood were confirmed - that

“the speech of a commoner with its peculiar turns of phrase was always almost distinguished by brevity, conciseness, clarity, definition, and there was much more life than in the book language and in the language spoken by educated people.”

At the end of the Russian-Turkish War of 1828–1829, Dahl continued to serve as a military doctor and epidemiologist. In 1831 he worked on the cholera epidemic and also took part in the Polish campaign. Returning to St. Petersburg in 1832, he worked in a military hospital.

In 1830, Dahl's first story, The Gypsy, was published. In 1832, Dahl published the collection "Russian fairy tales from oral folk traditions translated into civil literacy, adapted to everyday life and embellished with walking sayings by the Cossack Vladimir Lugansky. The first heel." The censor saw the book as a mockery of the government; Only his military merits saved Dahl from prosecution.

In 1833 Dahl was sent to serve in Orenburg, where he became an official on special assignments under the military governor. The performance of official duties was associated with frequent travel around the province, which gave the writer the opportunity to study the life and language of the people who inhabited it. During his years of service, Dahl wrote stories about the Kazakhs - "Bikey" and "Maulina" (1836) and about the Bashkirs - "The Bashkir Mermaid" (1843). He collected collections of flora and fauna of the Orenburg province, for which he was elected corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences (1838). During Pushkin's trip to Pugachev's places, Dahl accompanied him for several days. In 1837, having learned about Pushkin’s duel, he came to St. Petersburg and was on duty at the poet’s bedside until his death. last minute. In 1841, shortly after the Khiva campaign of the Russian army (1839–1840), in which he took part, Dahl moved to St. Petersburg and began working as a secretary and official for special assignments under the Minister of Internal Affairs, on whose behalf he wrote “A Study on the Skoptic Heresy” (1844 ).

Throughout his years of service, Dahl continued to work on the Dictionary, collecting material for it during trips around the Orenburg province, and upon moving to St. Petersburg, receiving letters with samples of local dialects, fairy tales and proverbs from all over Russia. While living in the capital, Dal met Odoevsky, Turgenev, Pogorelsky and other writers. He published in St. Petersburg magazines and in separate collections the stories Bedovik (1839), Savely Grab, or the Double (1842), The Adventures of Christian Christianovich Violdamur and his Arshet (1844), Unprecedented in the Past, or Past in the Unprecedented (1846) and other works, written in the spirit of " natural school» – with an abundance of accurate everyday details and ethnographic details, with a description real cases. Their hero was, as a rule, a simple person, possessing “the habits and customs of his homeland.” Dahl’s language was organically woven folk words and expressions. His favorite prose genre soon became a physiological essay (“The Ural Cossack”, 1843, “The Orderly”, 1845, “The Chukhons in St. Petersburg”, 1846, etc.). Belinsky, highly appreciating Dahl’s skill, called him “living statistics of the living Russian population.” Dahl also wrote short stories, united in the cycles “Pictures from Russian Life” (1848), “Soldier’s Leisure” (1843), “Sailor’s Leisure” (1853), “Two Forty Experienced Women for Peasants” (1862). Gogol wrote about him: “He should, without resorting to either the beginning or the denouement, over which the novelist so racks his brains, take any incident that happened in Russian soil, the first case, the production of which he was a witness and eyewitness, so that it comes out by itself the most entertaining story. For me, he is more significant than all the storytellers and inventors.”

In 1849 Dahl was appointed to the position of manager of the Nizhny Novgorod specific office. This was a significant demotion that Dahl accepted voluntarily in order to be closer to the peasants. He was in charge of the affairs of almost 40,000 state peasants. In addition to his immediate official duties (writing peasant complaints, etc.), Dahl performed surgical operations. In 1862 he published a collection of Proverbs of the Russian People, in which the proverbs were arranged not alphabetically, but by topic (God, love, family, etc.). Despite his cultural activities and deep democracy, Dahl opposed teaching peasants to read and write, because she, in his opinion, “without any mental and moral education almost always leads to bad things.” With these statements, he incurred the wrath of representatives of the democratic camp Chernyshevsky, Dobrolyubov and others.

In the early 1860s, Dahl retired and settled in Moscow. By this time, the first edition of his Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language was prepared, containing 200 thousand words. The work to which Dahl devoted 50 years of his ascetic life was published in 1867. In 1868 Dahl was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences.

IN last years During his life, Dahl worked on the second edition of the Dictionary, replenishing his vocabulary, and wrote children's stories. He transcribed the Old Testament “in relation to the concepts of the Russian common people,” wrote textbooks on zoology and botany, and handed over to folklorists Kireyevsky and Afanasyev the materials he had collected folk songs and fairy tales. In addition, Dahl played on several musical instruments, worked on a lathe, was interested in spiritualism and studied homeopathy. “Whatever Dahl undertook, he managed to master everything,” wrote his friend, the great surgeon Pirogov.

Shortly before his death, Dahl converted from Lutheranism to Orthodoxy. Dahl died in Moscow on September 22 (October 4), 1872. He was buried at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.

at sea and on land, about his unsuccessful seductive attempts and about his final addition in terms of writing. The fish go for vomit, they also go for lures. If you have eaten enough of the rich, sugary food, go and have a snack for the holiday with skinny and spicy fish, radishes, onions, seasoned with capsicum! Truth is impudent and shameless: it walks like a mother gave birth to the world; in our time it’s somehow shameful to fraternize with her. True, the dog is chain; She just needs to lie in the kennel, but if she lets her down she’ll cling to anyone! The story is a restive nag; this is a ridge-man; She rarely walks, but she steps firmly, and where she stands, she will rest as if she takes root! The parable is a nice thing! She doesn’t walk around like a slob, she doesn’t pretend to be open-faced, she doesn’t stick to her throat like a knife; On a holiday, she will go out of the gate, equipped, out of idleness, and bow to every passerby boldly and affably: whoever wants and is willing to recognize the okrutnik; who doesn’t care about him, walk past a mug, as if you don’t see that people are throwing away a nickel! There is freedom for the free, and heaven for the saved; and someone else's conscience is a grave; You can’t keep up with every fly, and my okrutnik won’t chase after you! In the Olonets province, they say, there was a lot of wild stone and a lot of wet swamp there one day a man came out to plow...

George the Brave, who, as you know, in all fairy tales and parables holds command over animals, birds and fish, - George the Brave called his entire team to serve, and assigned each one to work. On the Sabbath1, before the evening, the bear ordered seventy-seven logs to be dragged and stacked in a frame2; He ordered the wolf to dig a dugout and set up bunks; he ordered the fox to pinch three pillows of fluff; for a stay-at-home cat - knit three stockings and don’t lose the ball; He ordered the bearded goat to straighten the razors, and he gave the cow a tow and gave her a spindle: spin the wool, he said; He ordered the crane to whittle toothpicks and make brimstones; he made a palm goose a potter and ordered three pots and a large makitra to be molded; and made the grouse knead the clay; he ordered the woman-bird5 to catch sterlets in her ear; for a woodpecker - to chop down a palace; the sparrow was to store straws for the bedding, and the bee was ordered to build one tier of honeycombs and collect honey...

In the red summer there is a lot of everything in the forest - all kinds of mushrooms and all kinds of berries: strawberries with blueberries, raspberries with blackberries, and black currants. The girls walk through the forest, pick berries, sing songs, and the boletus mushroom, sitting under an oak tree, puffs up, sulks, rushes out of the ground, gets angry at the berries: “Look, what a crop of them! Now no one will even look at us! Wait, - thinks the boletus, the head of all the mushrooms, - we, the mushrooms, have great power - we will oppress, strangle it, the sweet berry! "The boletus thought and wished for a war, sitting under the oak tree, looking at all the mushrooms , and he began to gather mushrooms, began to help call out: “Go, little girls, go to war!” The little girls refused: “We are all old ladies, not guilty of going to war...

An owl flew - a cheerful head; So she flew and flew and sat down, turned her head, looked around. This is not a fairy tale, this is a saying, but a fairy tale lies ahead. Spring and winter have come and well, drive it with the sun, bake it, and call the grass-ant out of the ground; the grass poured out and ran out into the sun to look, brought out the first flowers - snow flowers: blue and white, blue-scarlet and yellow-gray. It reached out from across the sea migrant: geese and swans, cranes and herons, waders and ducks, songbirds and titmouse. Everyone flocked to us in Rus' to build nests and live with families...

Once upon a time there lived a peasant in a remote hut in a village that stood near the forest. And in the forest there lived a bear and, no matter what autumn, he prepared a home for himself, a den, and lay in it from autumn to the whole winter; He lay there and sucked his paw. The peasant worked spring, summer and autumn, and in winter he ate cabbage soup and porridge and washed it down with kvass. So the bear envied him; came to him and said: “Neighbor, let’s become friends!” How to be friends with your brother: you, Mishka, will just cripple him! - answered the peasant. “No,” said the bear, “I won’t cripple you.” My word is strong - after all, I am not a wolf, not a fox: what I said, I will keep! Let's start working together! - Well, okay, come on! - said the man...

A fairy tale is made up of adventures, it flaunts itself with sayings, it speaks of the fables of the past, it does not chase after everyday stories; and whoever is going to listen to my fairy tale, let him not be angry at Russian sayings, let him not be afraid of the home-grown language; I have a storyteller in bast shoes; he didn’t wander around the parquet floors, the vaults were painted, he only knew intricate speeches from fairy tales. And who cares about my tale about Tsar Dadon the Golden Purse, about his twelve princes, about the grooms, stewards, dish-licking courtiers, about Ivan the Young Sergeant, the Daring Head, simply without a nickname, without a clan, without a tribe, and his beautiful wife, the maiden Katerina, according to your gut, not to your liking, sit down for French letters, morocco bindings, gold-edged sheets, read highly intelligent nonsense! A happy path for him on nonsense, on overseas fools, he will not see the intricate side, like his own ears; there are no samogud harps to be seen: they wind up on their own, they dance on their own, they play on their own, they sing their own songs; you won’t see Dadon the Golden Purse, or the incredible miracles created by Ivan the Young Sergeant! But we, dark people, do not chase after much, we amuse ourselves with fairy tales, we hang out with witches, with sorcerers...

Once upon a time there lived a crow, and she did not live alone, but with nannies, mothers, small children, and neighbors near and far. Birds arrived from overseas, large and small, geese and swans, little birds and little birds, built nests in the mountains, in valleys, in forests, in meadows and laid eggs. The crow noticed this and, well, it offends migratory birds and steals their testicles! The owl flew and saw that the crow was offending large and small birds and was dragging their testicles. “Wait,” he says, “you wicked crow, we will find justice and punishment for you!” And he flew away. he is far away, into the stone mountains, to the gray eagle...

Once upon a time there was a husband and wife. They had only two children - daughter Malashechka and son Ivashechka. The little one was a dozen years old or more, and Ivashechka was only three years old. The father and mother doted on the children and spoiled them so much! If their daughter needs to be punished, they do not order, but ask. And then they’ll start to please: “We’ll give you this one and get you the other!” And since Malashechka was so picky, there wasn’t such another one, let alone in the village, tea, even in the city! Give her a loaf of bread, not just wheat, but a sweet one - Malashechka doesn’t even want to look at the rye one! And when her mother bakes a berry pie, Malashechka says: “Kisel, give me some honey!” There is nothing to do, the mother will scoop up a spoonful of honey and the whole piece will go down on her daughter...

In fairy tales and parables it is always said, if you have heard, that the eagle rules the bird kingdom and that all the bird people are in obedience to him. Let it be so with us too; The eagle is the head of all birds, he is their boss. The volost clerk with him was magpie 1, and on the parcels all the birds took turns, and this time there was a crow. After all, even though she’s a crow, she still needs to serve her turn. Golova took a nap, having eaten his fill, yawned on all four sides, shook himself and, out of boredom, wanted to listen good songs. He shouted to the delivery boy; a crow came skipping, turned her nose politely to the side and asked: “What do you order?” “Go,” said the head, “quickly call the best singer to come to me; let him lull me to sleep, I want to listen to him, take a nap and reward him...

Winter night a hungry godfather was walking along the path; There are clouds hanging in the sky, snow is falling across the field. “At least there’s something to snack on for one tooth,” the little fox thinks. Here she goes along the road; there is a scrap lying around. “Well,” the fox thinks, “someday the bast shoe will come in handy.” She took the bast shoe in her teeth and moved on. She came to the village and knocked at the first hut. “Who’s there?” - the man asked, opening the window. - It’s me, a kind person, little fox-sister. Let me spend the night! - It’s cramped here without you! - said the old man and wanted to close the window...

The crow noticed this and, well, offend migratory birds and steal their testicles!

An owl was flying and saw that a crow was hurting large and small birds and carrying their testicles.

Wait,” he says, “you worthless crow, we will find justice and punishment for you!”

Once upon a time there lived an old man and an old woman; they had neither children nor grandchildren. So they went out of the gate on a holiday to look at other people’s children, how they rolled lumps out of snow and played snowballs. The old man picked up the lump and said:

What, old woman, if only you and I had a daughter, so white and so round!

The old woman looked at the lump, shook her head and said:

What are you going to do - no, there’s nowhere to get it. However, the old man brought a lump of snow to the hut, put it in a pot, covered it with a rag and put it on the window. The sun rose, warmed the pot, and the snow began to melt. So the old people hear something squeaking in a pot under a branch; They go to the window - lo and behold, there’s a girl lying in a pot, white as snow and round as a lump, and she says to them:

Once upon a time there lived a godmother, the Fox; In her old age, the Fox was tired of looking after herself, so she came to the Bear and began to ask for a place to live:

Let me in, Mikhail Potapych, I’m an old, learned fox, I won’t take up much space, I won’t eat too much, unless I profit from you and gnaw the bones.

The bear, without thinking for a long time, agreed. The Fox went to live with the Bear and began to inspect and sniff where he had everything. Mishenka lived with plenty, ate his fill and fed Fox well. So she noticed a tub of honey on a shelf in the canopy, and the Fox, like a Bear, loves to eat sweets; She lies there at night and thinks about how she can go away and lick the honey; lies, taps his tail and asks Bear:

On a winter night, a hungry godfather walked along the path; There are clouds in the sky, snow is falling across the field.

“At least there’s something to snack on for one tooth,” the little fox thinks. Here she goes along the road; there is a scrap lying around. “Well,” the fox thinks, “someday the bast shoe will come in handy.” She took the bast shoe in her teeth and moved on. He came to the village and knocked at the first hut.

Who's there? - the man asked, opening the window.

Works are divided into pages

Fairy tales and stories of Dal Vladimir Ivanovich.

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal- writer, doctor, lexicographer, man who created " Dictionary living Great Russian language."

In 1832, a collection of works “Russian Fairy Tales” was published in the country, which were written more than 100 years ago by Vladimir Dal under the name of Vladimir Lugansky. All stories in the book are stylized as Russian folk tales folk tales, collected by enthusiasts throughout Russia.

Nationality always manifests itself in extraordinary stories that are quite close to folklore, there are an unusually large number of proverbs, there are also recurring moments, and sometimes there is a generalized meaning of the characters.

Their fairy tales Vladimir Dal wrote for children, as well as for adults. Vladimir Ivanovich Dal stories created quite close to folklore (for example, "The Snow Maiden Girl", "The Fox and the Bear" or "The War of the Mushrooms" and "The Crane and the Heron").

The writer here tries to use different plots or their individual elements, makes his own exhibitions of drawings in order to try to make the logical perception of his works easier. Moralism plays a huge role. The language that fills Dahl's fairy tales creates an extraordinary aura of childhood. The child happily perceives the rhythmic and simple speech of fairy tales.

Wrote Vladimir Ivanovich Dal tales and for adults who have to a greater extent, ironic character, folklore characters are used less and less. Typical motive for Dahl's fairy tales- is an interaction of some kind evil spirits and an ordinary guy. The social subtext is important - the confrontation between the lower and upper strata of our society. Folk speech is often mixed with literary vocabulary. Dahl tried to bring the fairy tale style that fills his stories closer to folk speech. It is worth noting that there are also descriptions of common people’s life and customs. old life. In this category, all of Dahl’s fairy tales can be read absolutely free online, and each fairy tale also has a corresponding illustration attached to it.

The crow noticed this and, well, offend migratory birds and steal their testicles!

An owl was flying and saw that a crow was hurting large and small birds and carrying their testicles.

Wait,” he says, “you worthless crow, we will find justice and punishment for you!”

What, old woman, if only you and I had a daughter, so white and so round!

The old woman looked at the lump, shook her head and said:

Once upon a time there lived a godmother, the Fox; In her old age, the Fox was tired of looking after herself, so she came to the Bear and began to ask for a place to live:

Let me in, Mikhail Potapych, I’m an old, learned fox, I won’t take up much space, I won’t eat too much, unless I profit from you and gnaw the bones.

On a winter night, a hungry godfather walked along the path; There are clouds in the sky, snow is falling across the field.

Who's there? - the man asked, opening the window.

Works are divided into pages

Fairy tales and stories of Dal Vladimir Ivanovich.

Vladimir Ivanovich Dal- writer, doctor, lexicographer, the person who created the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language.”

In 1832, a collection of works “Russian Fairy Tales” was published in the country, which were written more than 100 years ago by Vladimir Dal under the name of Vladimir Lugansky. All the stories in the book are stylizations of Russian folk tales collected by enthusiasts throughout Russia.

Wrote Vladimir Ivanovich Dal tales and for adults, who have a more ironic character, folklore characters are used less and less. Typical motive for Dahl's fairy tales- this is the interaction of some evil spirit and an ordinary man. The social subtext is important - the confrontation between the lower and upper strata of our society. Folk speech is often mixed with literary vocabulary. Dahl tried to bring the fairy tale style that fills his stories closer to folk speech. It is worth noting that there are also descriptions of the common people’s life and customs of the old life. In this category, all of Dahl’s fairy tales can be read absolutely free online, and each fairy tale also has a corresponding illustration attached to it.