Affairs of bygone days is a work. Deeds of bygone days, ancient legends are deep

For you, the soul of my queen,
Beauties, for you alone
Tales of times gone by,
During golden leisure hours,
Under the whisper of chatty old times,
I wrote with a faithful hand;
Please accept my playful work!
Without demanding anyone's praise,
I am already happy with sweet hope,
What a maiden with the trembling of love
Maybe he'll look furtively
To my sinful songs.

There is a green oak near the Lukomorye;
Golden chain on the oak tree:
Day and night the cat is a scientist
Everything goes round and round in a chain;
He goes to the right - the song starts,
To the left - he tells a fairy tale.
There are miracles there: a goblin wanders there,
The mermaid sits on the branches;
There on unknown paths
Traces of unseen beasts;
There's a hut there on chicken legs
It stands without windows, without doors;
There the forest and valley are full of visions;
There the waves will rush in at dawn
The beach is sandy and empty,
And thirty beautiful knights
From time to time clear waters emerge,
And their sea uncle is with them;
The prince is there in passing
Captivates the formidable king;
There in the clouds in front of the people
Through the forests, across the seas
The sorcerer carries the hero;
In the dungeon there the princess is grieving,
A brown wolf serves her faithfully;
There is a stupa with Baba Yaga
She walks and wanders by herself;
There, King Kashchei is wasting away over gold;
There's a Russian spirit... it smells like Russia!
And there I was, and I drank honey;
I saw a green oak by the sea;
The cat was sitting under him, a scientist
He told me his fairy tales.
I remember one: this fairy tale
Now I will tell the world...

Song one

Things have been going on for a long time days gone by,
Deep legends of antiquity.

In crowd mighty sons,
With friends, in the high grid
Vladimir the sun feasted;
He gave away his youngest daughter
For the prince brave Ruslan
And honey from a heavy glass
I drank to their health.
Our ancestors did not eat soon,
It didn't take long to move around
Ladles, silver bowls
With boiling beer and wine.
They poured joy into my heart,
Foam hissed around the edges,
It is important that the teacups wore them
And they bowed low to the guests.

Speeches merged into indistinct noise;
A cheerful circle of guests buzzes;
But suddenly a pleasant voice was heard
And the sound of the harp is a fluent sound;
Everyone fell silent and listened to Bayan:
And the sweet singer praises
Lyudmila-precious and Ruslana
And Lelem made a crown for him.

But, tired of ardent passion,
Ruslan, in love, does not eat or drink;
He looks at his dear friend,
Sighs, gets angry, burns
And, pinching my mustache with impatience,
Counts every moment.
In despondency, with a cloudy brow,
At a noisy wedding table
Three young knights are sitting;
Silent, behind an empty bucket,
Forgot the circular cups,
And the trash is unpleasant to them;
They do not hear the prophetic Bayan;
They looked down, embarrassed:
Those are three rivals of Ruslan;
The unfortunate are hidden in the soul
Love and hate are poison.
One - Rogdai, brave warrior,
Pushing the limits with a sword
Rich Kyiv fields;
The other is Farlaf, an arrogant screamer,
In feasts, not defeated by anyone,
But the warrior is humble among swords;
The last one, full of passionate thought,
Young Khazar Khan Ratmir:
All three are pale and gloomy,
And a merry feast is not a feast for them.

Here it is over; stand in rows
Mixed in noisy crowds,
And everyone looks at the young people:
The bride lowered her eyes
As if my heart was depressed,
And the joyful groom shines.
But the shadow embraces all nature,
It’s already close to midnight; it’s deaf;
The boyars, dozing off from honey,
With a bow they went home.
The groom is delighted, in ecstasy:
He caresses in the imagination
The beauty of a shy maid;
But with secret, sad tenderness
Grand Duke blessing
Gives a young couple.

And here is the young bride
Lead to the wedding bed;
The lights went out... and the night
Lel lights the lamp.
Sweet hopes have come true,
Gifts are being prepared for love;
Jealous robes will fall
On Constantinople carpets...
Do you hear the loving whisper,
And the sweet sound of kisses,
And an intermittent murmur
The last timidity?.. Spouse
Feels delight in advance;
And then they came... Suddenly
Thunder struck, light flashed in the fog,
The lamp goes out, the smoke runs out,
Everything around is dark, everything is trembling,
And Ruslan’s soul froze...
Everything fell silent. In the menacing silence
A strange voice was heard twice,
And someone in the smoky depths
Soared blacker than the foggy darkness...
And again the tower is empty and quiet;
The frightened groom stands up
Cold sweat rolls off your face;
Trembling, with a cold hand
He asks the mute darkness...
About grief: there is no dear friend!
The air is empty;
Lyudmila is not in the thick darkness,
Abducted by an unknown force.

Oh, if love is a martyr
Suffering hopelessly from passion,
Even though life is sad, my friends,
However, it is still possible to live.
But after many, many years
Hug your loving friend
The object of desires, tears, longing,
And suddenly a minute wife
Lose forever... oh friends,
Of course, it would be better if I died!

However, unhappy Ruslan is alive.
But what did the Grand Duke say?
Suddenly struck by a terrible rumor,
I became angry at my son-in-law,
He convenes him and the court:
“Where, where is Lyudmila?” - asks
With a terrible, fiery brow.
Ruslan doesn't hear. “Children, friends!
I remember my previous achievements:
Oh, have mercy on the old man!
Tell me which one of you agrees
Jump after my daughter?
Whose feat will not be in vain,
Therefore, suffer, cry, villain!
He couldn’t save his wife! -
To him I will give her as a wife
With half the kingdom of my great-grandfathers.
Who will volunteer, children, friends?..”
"I!" - said the sad groom.
"I! I! - exclaimed with Rogdai
Farlaf and joyful Ratmir. -
Now we saddle our horses;
We are happy to travel all over the world.
Our Father, let us not prolong the separation;
Don’t be afraid: we’re going for the princess.”
And gratefully dumb
In tears he stretches out his hands to them
An old man, exhausted by melancholy.

All four go out together;
Ruslan was killed by despondency;
Thought of the Lost Bride
It torments and kills him.
They sit on zealous horses;
Along the banks of the Dnieper happy
They fly in swirling dust;
Already hiding in the distance;
The riders are no longer visible...
But he still looks for a long time
Grand Duke in an empty field
And the thought flies after them.

Ruslan languished silently,
Having lost both meaning and memory.
Looking over your shoulder arrogantly
And it’s important to put your arms akimbo, Farlaf,
Pouting, he groaned for Ruslan.
He says: “I force
I've broken free, friends!
Well, will I soon meet the giant?
Surely blood will flow,
These are the victims of jealous love!
Have fun, my faithful sword,
Have fun, my zealous horse!”

Khazar Khan, in his mind
Already hugging Lyudmila,
Almost dancing over the saddle;
The blood in him is young,
The look is full of fire of hope:
Then he gallops at full speed,
It teases the dashing runner,
It circles, rears up,
Ile boldly rushes to the hills again.

Rogday is gloomy, silent - not a word...
Fearing an unknown fate
And tormented by vain jealousy,
He is the most worried
And often his gaze is terrible
He looks gloomily at the prince.

Rivals on the same road
Everyone travels together all day.
The Dnieper became dark and sloping;
The shadow of the night pours from the east;
The fogs over the Dnieper are deep;
It's time for their horses to rest.
There's a wide path under the mountain
A wide path crossed.
“Let’s leave, it’s time! - they said -
Let us entrust ourselves to the unknown fate.”
And every horse, not smelling steel,
By will, I chose the path for myself.

What are you doing, Ruslan, unhappy,
Alone in desert silence?
Lyudmila, the wedding day is terrible,
It seems like you saw everything in a dream.
Pushing the copper helmet over his eyebrows,
Leaving the reins from powerful hands,
You're walking between the fields,
And slowly in your soul
Hope dies, faith fades.

But suddenly there was a cave in front of the knight;
There is light in the cave. He's straight to her
Walks under the dormant arches,
Contemporaries of nature itself.
He entered with despondency: what is he seeing?
There is an old man in the cave; clear view,
Calm gaze, gray hair;
The lamp in front of him is burning;
Behind ancient book he's sitting,
Reading it carefully.
“Welcome, my son! -
He said with a smile to Ruslan. -
I've been here alone for twenty years
In the darkness old life fade;
But finally I waited for the day
Long foreseen by me.
We are brought together by fate;
Sit down and listen to me.
Ruslan, you have lost Lyudmila;
Your strong spirit is losing strength;
But a quick moment of evil will rush by:
For a while, fate befell you.
With hope, cheerful faith
Go for everything, don’t be discouraged;
Forward! with a sword and a bold chest
Make your way to midnight.

Find out, Ruslan: your insulter
The terrible wizard Chernomor,
Longtime thief of beauties,
Full owner of the mountains.
No one else in his abode
Until now the gaze has not penetrated;
But you, destroyer of evil machinations,
You will enter it, and the villain
He will die by your hand.
I don't have to tell you anymore:
The fate of your coming days,
My son, from now on it is your will.”

Our knight fell at the feet of the old man
And in joy he kisses his hand.
The world brightens before his eyes,
And the heart forgot the torment.
He came to life again; and suddenly again
There is a sadness on the flushed face...
“The reason for your melancholy is clear;
But sadness is not difficult to disperse, -
The old man said, “You are terrible.”
Love of a gray-haired sorcerer;
Calm down, know: it is in vain
And the young maiden is not afraid.
He brings down the stars from the sky,
He whistles and the moon trembles;
But against the time of the law
His science is not strong.
Jealous, reverent guardian
Locks of merciless doors,
He's just a weak torturer
Your lovely captive.
He silently wanders around her,
Curses his cruel lot...
But, good knight, the day passes,
But you need peace.”

Ruslan lies down on soft moss
Before the dying fire;
He is looking for sleep,
Sighs, turns slowly...
In vain! Knight finally:
“I can’t sleep, my father!
What to do: I am sick at heart,
And it’s not a dream, how sickening it is to live.
Let me refresh my heart
Your holy conversation.
Forgive my impertinent question.
Open up: who are you, O blessed one,
An incomprehensible confidant of fate?
Who brought you to the desert?

Sighing with a sad smile,
The old man replied: “Dear son,
I've already forgotten my distant homeland
Gloomy edge. Natural Finn,
In the valleys known to us alone,
Chasing the herd from the surrounding villages,
In my carefree youth I knew
Some dense oak groves,
Streams, caves of our rocks
Yes, wild poverty is fun.
But to live in gratifying silence
It didn't last long for me.

Then, near our village,
Like a sweet color of solitude,
Naina lived. Between friends
She thundered with beauty.
One morning
Their herds on the dark meadow
I drove on, blowing the bagpipes;
There was a stream in front of me.
Alone, young beauty
I was making a wreath on the shore.
I was attracted by my destiny...
Ah, knight, it was Naina!
I go to her - and the fatal flame
I was rewarded for my daring gaze,
And I recognized love in my soul
With her heavenly joy,
With her painful melancholy.

Half of the year has flown away;
I opened up to her with trepidation,
He said: I love you, Naina.
But my timid sorrow
Naina listened with pride,
Loving only your charms,
And she answered indifferently:
“Shepherd, I don’t love you!”

And everything became wild and gloomy for me:
Native bush, shade of oak trees,
Merry games of shepherds -
Nothing consoled the melancholy.
In despondency, the heart became dry and sluggish.
And finally I thought
Leave Finnish fields;
Seas of faithless depths
Swim across with a brotherly squad
And deserve the glory of abuse
Naina's proud attention.
I called the brave fishermen
Look for dangers and gold.
For the first time the quiet land of fathers
I heard the swearing sound of damask steel
And the noise of non-peaceful shuttles.
I sailed into the distance, full of hope,
With a crowd of fearless countrymen;
We are ten years of snow and waves
They were stained with the blood of enemies.
Rumor spread: the kings of a foreign land
They were afraid of my insolence;
Their proud squads
The northern swords fled.
We had fun, we fought menacingly,
They shared tributes and gifts,
And they sat down with the vanquished
For friendly feasts.
But a heart full of Naina,
Under the noise of battle and feasts,
I was languishing in secret sorrow,
Searched for the Finnish coast.
It's time to go home, I said, friends!
Let's hang up the idle chain mail
Under the shadow of my native hut.
He said - and the oars rustled:
And, leaving fear behind,
To the Gulf of the Fatherland dear
We flew in with proud joy.

Long-time dreams have come true,
Ardent wishes come true!
A minute of sweet goodbye
And you sparkled for me!
At the feet of the haughty beauty
I brought a bloody sword,
Corals, gold and pearls;
Before her, intoxicated with passion,
Surrounded by a silent swarm
Her envious friends
I stood as an obedient prisoner;
But the maiden hid from me,
Saying with an air of indifference:
"Hero, I don't love you!"

Why tell me, my son,
What is there no power to retell?
Ah, and now alone, alone,
Soul asleep, at the door of the grave,
I remember sorrow, and sometimes,
How a thought is born about the past,
By my gray beard
A heavy tear rolls down.

But listen: in my homeland
Between the desert fishermen
Wonderful science lurks.
Under the roof of eternal silence,
Among the forests, in the distant wilderness
Gray-haired sorcerers live;
To objects of high wisdom
All their thoughts are directed;
Everyone hears their terrible voice,
What happened and what will happen again,
And they are subject to their formidable will
And the coffin and love itself.

And I, a greedy seeker of love,
Decided in joyless sadness
Attract Naina with charms
And in the proud heart of a cold maiden
Ignite love with magic.
Hastened into the arms of freedom,
Into the lonely darkness of the forests;
And there, in the teachings of sorcerers,
Spent invisible years.
The long-awaited moment has come,
And the terrible secret of nature
I realized with bright thoughts:
I learned the power of spells.
The crown of love, the crown of desires!
Now, Naina, you are mine!
The victory is ours, I thought.
But really the winner
There was rock, my persistent persecutor.

In dreams of young hope,
In the delight of ardent desire,
I cast spells hastily,
I call the spirits - and in the darkness of the forest
The arrow rushed like thunder,
The magic whirlwind raised a howl,
The ground shook under my feet...
And suddenly he sits in front of me
The old woman is decrepit, gray-haired,
Sparkling with sunken eyes,
With a hump, with a shaking head,
A picture of sad disrepair.
Ah, knight, it was Naina!..
I was horrified and silent
With my eyes scary ghost measured
Still didn't believe in doubt
And suddenly he began to cry and shout:
“Is it possible! oh, Naina, is it you!
Naina, where is your beauty?
Tell me, is heaven really
Have you been changed so badly?
Tell me, how long has it been since you left the light?
Have I parted with my soul and my sweetheart?
How long ago?..” – “Exactly forty years,”
There was a fatal answer from the maiden, -
Today I hit seventy.
“What should I do,” she squeaks to me, “
The years flew by in a crowd.
My, your spring has passed -
We both managed to grow old.
But, friend, listen: it doesn’t matter
Loss of unfaithful youth.
Of course, I'm gray now,
A little hunchbacked, maybe;
Not like in the old days,
Not so alive, not so sweet;
But (added the chatterbox)
I’ll tell you a secret: I’m a witch!”
And it really was like that.
Mute, motionless in front of her,
I was a complete fool
With all my wisdom.

But here's something terrible: witchcraft
Unfortunately, it came to pass.
My gray deity
There was a new passion for me.
Curling his terrible mouth into a smile,
Freak with a grave voice
He mumbles a confession of love to me.
Imagine my suffering!
I trembled, looking down;
She continued through her cough.
Heavy, passionate conversation:
“So, now I recognize the heart;
I see, true friend, it
Born for tender passion;
Feelings have awakened, I'm burning,
I'm yearning for love...
Come into my arms...
Oh darling, darling! I'm dying..."

And meanwhile she, Ruslan,
She blinked with languid eyes;
And meanwhile for my caftan
She held herself with her skinny arms;
And meanwhile I was dying,
I closed my eyes in horror;
And suddenly I couldn’t stand the urine;
I broke out screaming and ran.
She followed: “Oh, unworthy!
You have disturbed my calm age,
The days are bright for the innocent maiden!
You have achieved Naina's love,
And you despise - these are men!
They all breathe treason!
Alas, blame yourself;
He seduced me, wretched one!
I gave myself up to passionate love...
Traitor, monster! oh shame!
But tremble, maiden thief!

So we parted. From now on
Living in my solitude
With a disappointed soul;
And in the world there is consolation for the old man
Nature, wisdom and peace.
The grave is already calling me;
But the feelings are the same
The old lady hasn't forgotten yet
And flames later than love
Turned from frustration into anger.
Loving evil with a black soul,
The old witch, of course,
He will hate you too;
But grief on earth does not last forever.”

Our knight greedily listened
Stories of the Elder; clear eyes
I didn’t fall into a light nap
And a quiet flight of the night
I didn't hear it in deep thought.
But the day shines radiantly...
With a sigh the grateful knight
Volume of the old sorcerer;
The soul is full of hope;
Gets out. Legs squeezed
Ruslan of the neighing horse,
He recovered in the saddle and whistled.
"My father, do not leave me."
And gallops across the empty meadow.
Gray-haired sage to a young friend
He shouts after him: “Happy journey!
Forgive, love your wife,
Don’t forget the elder’s advice!”

"Things of days gone by..."

1. The embodiment of the idea of ​​the victory of good over evil in M. Glinka’s opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”.
2. Introduction to the aria genre.
3. Ruslan's aria as an important dramatic number of the opera: a change in states from gloomy to victorious, decisive.

Musical material:

1. M. Glinka. Bayan's chant; Ruslan's aria from the opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila" (listening);
2. M. Glinka. March of Chernomor from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila” (listening at the request of the teacher);
3. M. Glinka. Overture from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila” (listening at the request of the teacher);
4. E. Ptichkin, poems by M. Plyatskovsky. “Russian hut” (singing).

Description of activities:

1. Correlate artistic and figurative content piece of music with the form of its embodiment.
2. Apply knowledge of fixed assets musical expressiveness when analyzing the listened work.
3. Express in color emotional attitude to the artistic image.

Theaters are different. Most often in theater performances actors participate who go on stage to the audience and begin to speak their text and play their roles. You probably all know and love puppet show, where puppets give performances instead of living people. Such a puppet theater comes to visit you every evening in the TV show “ Good night, kids!

And there is a theater in which all performances are staged using music. And the actors don’t speak there, but sing and dance to the music. This kind of theater is called musical theater.

1. What types of musical performance do you know? (Opera and ballet.)
2. What is the name of a musical performance during which all its participants - the actors - do not speak, but sing? (Opera.)
3. What are vocal performers called? (Singers.)
4. Who else is involved in staging a real opera performance? ( Symphony Orchestra, chorus)

Yes, such a performance is called the beautiful word “opera”. Often the plot of an opera is a fairy tale. The heroes end up either at the bottom of the sea or in a magical fairy forest, then to the enchanted kingdom...

There is a green oak near the Lukomorye;
Golden chain on the oak tree:
Both day and night the cat is a scientist
Everything goes round and round in a chain;
He goes to the right - the song starts,
To the left - he tells a fairy tale.
There are miracles there: a goblin wanders there,
The mermaid sits on the branches;
There on unknown paths
Traces of unseen beasts…

Lukomorye... (Lukomorye is a sea bay.) Music hall turned into a seashore. On the shore stood a mighty, thick oak tree. The water on the sea was agitated, and the splashes fell on the slow gray cat, who, jingling his heavy gold chain, walked importantly around the oak tree, purring a song. And among the dense foliage the pale face of a mermaid flashed. Instead of a braid, long green seaweed flowed over her shoulders, and either drops of water or tears glittered on her eyelashes... unprecedented beast, who left his traces on an unknown path...

How wonderfully Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin talks to us. He uses the most ordinary words, but his speech, his story become a living magical picture.

This is how A. Pushkin’s poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila” begins. (Poem - large poetic work with a developed plot.)

This fairy tale story became the plot of Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka’s opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”.

You and I find ourselves in ancient Kyiv at a wedding feast visiting the legendary Prince Vladimir. He gives his daughter Lyudmila in marriage to the Russian hero Ruslan.

In the crowd of mighty sons,
With friends, in the high grid
Vladimir the sun feasted;
He gave away his youngest daughter
For the brave prince Ruslan
And honey from a heavy glass
I drank to their health.

Hearing at the request of the teacher: M. Glinka. Overture from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”

The attention of all guests is focused on the wonderful singer-storyteller - Bayan.

Who is Bayan?

Singer, storyteller, old gray-haired sage, predictor, historian. In a prophetic song, the prophetic Bayan predicts difficult trials for Ruslan and Lyudmila; but misfortunes will pass, and “a sign of joy, child of rain and light, the rainbow will rise again!”

He sings, accompanying himself on the gusli, an ancient Russian folk instrument. The golden strings fascinate listeners with their ringing sound. Calm movement, melodious melody and measured chords with accompaniment convey the concentration and solemnity of the narrative in the music. The light and soft sound of the voice alternates with instrumental performances.

Things of days gone by
Legends of deep antiquity!
About the glory of the Russian land,
Ring, golden strings.

Listening: M. Glinka. Bayan's chorus from the opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila"

In the midst of the wedding feast, darkness suddenly sets in. Thunderclaps are heard, and everyone present suddenly plunges into a strange stupor:

Thunder struck, light flashed in the fog,
The lamp goes out, the smoke runs out,
Everything around is dark, everything is trembling,
And Ruslan’s soul froze.

When it becomes light again, everyone sees with horror that Lyudmila has disappeared. It was the wizard Chernomor who kidnapped her and took her to his enchanted castle.

Hearing at the request of the teacher: M. Glinka. March of Chernomor from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”

Brave Ruslan goes in search of her. In order to find Lyudmila, Ruslan will have to meet and fight enemies. On his way he will meet the evil sorceress Naina and the good Finn, and meet the Head of the Hero...

Composer M. Glinka paints us a portrait of the hero Ruslan. This prince appears before us as strong, courageous, brave, ready for exploits.

... In search of Lyudmila, Ruslan finds himself in a deserted field containing traces of a long-past battle. Sorrowful thoughts engulf him:

With a sigh the knight surrounds himself
He looks with sad eyes.
"Oh field, field,
Who littered you with dead bones?”

These verses formed the basis of Ruslan's aria.

Listening: M. Glinka. Ruslan's aria "About the field, the field..." from the opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila"

An aria is an opera fragment performed by one singer accompanied by an orchestra.

The heavy and gloomy intonations of the aria give way to decisive and victorious ones. Ruslan understands: only courage and bravery will help him defeat his evil enemies.

Ruslan is depicted in the opera not only as the savior of Lyudmila, but also as the defender of the Russian land from the forces of evil. Ruslan defeats his enemies and frees Lyudmila from the magic spell. And we are again in Kyiv at Prince Vladimir’s wedding feast.

Good things are followed by sorrows,
Sadness is the key to joy!

Music took us to the distant past. She helped us touch our history, our heroic past.

In this opera, the composer divides all the characters into good and evil. For the good and noble, he composed beautiful song music. These include Ruslan, Lyudmila, and the singer-storyteller Bayan. These characters theme song singsong, with beautiful, memorable melodies. And the composer played a kind of musical joke with the evil heroes of his opera - he did not give them vocal parts. For example, for one such heroine - the evil sorceress Naina - he composed music that is almost all sung in one sound. For the kidnapper of Princess Lyudmila, the evil wizard Chernomor, Glinka did not create vocal music: all of Chernomor’s actions are conveyed only by orchestral music.

1. What is opera? ( Musical performance, where everyone sings.)
2. What plot is the opera based on? (Based on the poem by A. S. Pushkin “Ruslan and Lyudmila.”)
3. What words begin A. S. Pushkin’s poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila”? (“Near Lukomorye there is a green oak…”)
4. What is Lukomorie? (Sea Bay.)
5. What event does the opera begin with? (From the wedding of Ruslan and Lyudmila.)
6. What happens at the wedding feast? ( Evil wizard Chernomor kidnaps Lyudmila, and Ruslan goes in search of her.)
7. What excerpts from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila” by composer M. Glinka did you listen to today?
8. What was the character of this music?

Questions and tasks:

1. What is the character of the Bayan Chorus? How do you think. Why does the Chorus sound leisurely and majestic?
2. What sound musical instrument played in an orchestra?
3. How do the means of musical expression help to “draw” the gloomy image of the “dead field”? What tempo did the composer choose? What registers are used? What are the dynamics?
4. In the middle of the aria, the character of the music changes dramatically. What do you think this is connected with?

Presentation

Included:
1. Presentation, ppsx;
2. Sounds of music:
Glinka. Ruslan's aria from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, mp3;
Glinka. March of Chernomor from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, mp3;
Glinka. Bayan's song from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, mp3;
Glinka. Overture from the opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, mp3;
3. Accompanying article, docx.

The work uses unique illustrations of Palekh boxes.

Deeds of days gone by, / Traditions of deep antiquity
From the poem (first song) “Ruslan and Lyudmila” (1817-1820) by A. S. Pushkin (1799-1837). The lines represent Pushkin's translation of one of the "poems of Ossian" English writer James Macpherson (1736-1796):
A tale of the times of old!..
The deeds of days of other years!..
Allegorically: about long-standing and unreliable events that few people remember (ironically).

Encyclopedic Dictionary of winged words and expressions. - M.: “Locked-Press”. Vadim Serov. 2003.

See what “Deeds of bygone days, / Traditions of deep antiquity” are in other dictionaries:

Deeds of days gone by, legends of deep antiquity (foreign) about a very long-ago event. Wed. Now that’s all, these are things of days gone by and legends of antiquity, although not deep, but there is no need to rush to forget these legends... Leskov. Lefty... ... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)

Deeds of bygone days, Traditions of deep antiquity (foreign) about a very long-standing event Wed. Now all these are already things of bygone days and legends of antiquity, although not deep, but there is no need to rush to forget these legends... Leskov. Lefty. 20. Wed… … Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary

- (1799 1837) Russian poet, writer. Aphorisms, quotes Pushkin Alexander Sergeevich. Biography It is not difficult to despise the court of people, but it is impossible to despise your own court. Slander, even without evidence, leaves eternal traces. Critics... ... Consolidated encyclopedia of aphorisms

Dilapidated, ancient, perennial, centuries-old, centuries-old, antique, long-standing, ancient, ancient, old-fashioned, obsolete, inveterate, inveterate, inveterate, inveterate, ancient, antediluvian, eternal, primordial, fossil, archaic, ... ... Synonym dictionary

Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

1. ANTIQUE1, antiquity, plural. No. 1. female An era, a time long past. These customs reek of antiquity. “Deeds of days gone by, legends of deep antiquity.” Pushkin. 2. female What happened a long time ago old custom, item. In the spirit of antiquity. There is little in the village... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Ah, plural affairs, affairs, affairs, cf. 1. Work, occupation, activity. Household affairs. Housework. On business matters. The matter is in dispute. Things are in full swing. □ Do you have a lot to do? asked Oblomov. Yes, that's enough. Two articles in the newspaper every week, then analysis... ... Small academic dictionary

Aya, oh; side, side, side and side; deeper, deepest. 1. Having great depth (1 value). Deep well. □ The Volga, shiny, deep and calm, is so wide here that the sandbank of the opposite bank is barely visible in the distance. Wanderer... Small academic dictionary

Major League 2011 Season 25 Venue Concert hall"Academic" (games 1/8 and 1/2 finals), Central academic theater Russian army(quarter-finals and final), Moscow Name of the season ... Wikipedia

1) I, Wed. Action according to verb. betray (in 2 and 3 meanings). The [goal] of our order is the preservation and transmission to posterity of a certain important sacrament. L. Tolstoy, War and Peace. The debate heated up. Some demanded a severe reprimand for Zavyalov, others... ... Small academic dictionary

Georgy ARZHANIKOV,
secondary school No. 5,
Kotovsk,
Tambov Region

Lesson-game on epics about Ilya Muromets

Deeds of days gone by, legends of deep antiquity...”

FIRST AGON

1. Who owns the catchphrases that define the theme of today’s game in the “Smart Guys and Clever Girls” club? (A.S. Pushkin.)

2. In which work by A.S. Pushkin they meet? (In the first song of the poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila.”)

3. What were epics called in the North? (Old men, old men.)

green path

1. Where are you from? Ilya Muromets? (Born in the village of Karacharovo, near Murom.)

2. How long did Ilya Muromets sit in bed? (Thirty-three years.)

3. Where did Ilya Muromets meet the Nightingale the Robber? (At the Black Mud, at the Smorodina River, at the Levanid Cross.)

4. What epic begins with this beginning:

Is it from that city from Murom,
From that village and Karacharova
What a heroic trip it was:
A good fellow leaves the village,
Old Cossack and Ilya Muromets...
(“Three trips of Ilya Muromets.”)

Yellow track

1. Who healed Ilya Muromets? (Kaliki are walking.)

2. How many were there? (Three.)

3. Ilya Muromets set off from Chernigov to Kyiv along a straight road. How many miles did he have to travel along it? (Five hundred versts.)

the Red carpet

1. Remember the patronymic of Ilya Muromets. (Ivanovich; father’s name was Ivan Timofeevich.)

2. Which epic ends with this ending:

And here they sing glory to Ilya,
And they sing his glory for centuries!
(“Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber”)

SECOND AGON

Questions for drawing tracks

1. What is the name of the first (from a chronological point of view) epic about Ilya Muromets? (“Ilya’s illness and healing.”)

2. What epic ends with the story about Ilya Muromets? (“Three trips of Ilya Muromets.”)

3. The epic “Ilya’s Illness and Healing” is an everyday epic (or novelistic). And what epics does the epic “Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber” belong to? (To heroic epics.)

green path

1. How did Ilya Muromets get his heroic horse? (On the advice of the Kaliks, I bought a neglected foal at the market and raised it myself.)

2. In what epic does the horse warn Ilya about the danger that awaits him? (“Ilya Muromets and Kalin the Tsar.”)

3. In which epic is the horse of Ilya Muromets described as follows:

His good horse yes heroic
He began to jump from mountain to mountain,
He began to jump from hill to hill,
Small rivers, small lakes between your legs...
(“Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber.”)

4. Who took care of Ilya Muromets’s horse while the hero sat (by order of Prince Vladimir) in a deep cellar? (Servant steamer.)

Yellow track

1. For how long did Prince Vladimir order to put Ilya of Muromets in a deep cellar and fill that cellar with yellow sand? (For three years.)

2. How did Ilya Muromets anger Prince Vladimir? (In a daring act: he knocked down silver church domes and gilded crosses with arrows from a bow, went into the circle and arranged a feast for the Kyiv men.)

3. How much bread does Ilya Muromets eat a day? (“He eats bread one at a time, one slice at a time!”)

the Red carpet

1. What was the name of Ilya Muromets’ mother? (Efrosinya Polikarpovna.)

2. In what order does Ilya Muromets saddle his horse? (First he put on a sweatshirt, and on the sweatshirt he put felt, on the felt - a Cherkassy saddle.)

THIRD AGON

Questions for drawing tracks

1. Who are called cross brothers in Rus'? (Those who fraternized, exchanging pectoral crosses.)

2. Who was Ilya Muromets’s big brother on the cross? (Svyatogor the hero.)

3. Who was the lesser crusading brother of Ilya Muromets? (Nikitich.)

green path

1. What color is Ilya Muromets’ hair? (Yellow: “He takes Ilya by the yellow curls...”)

2. How did the Chernigov peasants offer Ilya Muromets to stay in their city? (To the governor.)

3. Who boasts like this: “I’ll meet Ileika, the Russian hero, I’ll put him on the palm of my hand, I’ll slam the other one, and all that’s left is dirt and water!” (Idol is filthy.)

4. And who carried Ilya Muromets along with his heroic horse in his pocket for more than two days? (Svyatogor the hero.)

Yellow track

1. What was the name of the godfather of Ilya Muromets, the main hero at the Kyiv outpost? (Samson Samoilovich.)

2. How many heroes did Prince Vladimir the Red Sun have in total? (Thirteen.)

3. Which of the opponents of Ilya Muromets in the epic is characterized as follows: “Tall as a haystack, eyes like bowls, slanting fathoms in the shoulders”? (Idol is filthy.)

the Red carpet

1. Answering Prince Vladimir’s question, Ilya Muromets will say: “I am an old Cossack and Ilya Muromets, Ilya Muromets and my son Ivanovich.” And whose son was Nightingale the Robber? What does the epic say about this? (“The Nightingale the Robber is sitting on a damp oak tree, the Nightingale the Robber is sitting, Odikhmantiev’s son...”)

2. Remember Ilya Muromets’ favorite “abusive” word. (Dog: “Why are you tripping over the bumps, dog?” says to the horse; “I will not serve you, dog, Tsar Kalin!”)

THE FINAL

Questions for drawing tracks

There are many in epics outdated words and expressions. Explain the lexical meaning of the words:

Polyanina (female hero; less often - hero, army);

Shelepuga (lash, whip);

Ratovische (spear tree, hornet).

green path

1. What is the first feat that Ilya Muromets accomplishes? (Beats the great strongwoman near Chernigov.)

2. Who helps Ilya Muromets defeat Tsar Kalin and his countless army? (Twelve Russian heroes under the command of Samson Samoilovich.)

3. What did Ilya Muromets call his horse? (Burushka: “My old shaggy Burushka serves me faithfully.”)

4. Who addresses Ilya Muromets with these words:

Oh, the old Cossack and Ilya Muromets!
Come sit down with me at the same table,
Eat my sugar,
Drink my honey drink,
Dress yourself in my precious clothes
And keep my gold treasury!
(Kalin the Tsar.)

Yellow track

1. List the heroic armor of Ilya Muromets. (He took with him strong heroic armor: he took a damask club, he took a Murzametsk spear, and he also took a sharp saber, he took a traveling shalyga...)

2. You all remember the painting by V.M. Vasnetsov’s “Bogatyrs” and its heroes - Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich, Alyosha Popovich. With whom did Ilya Muromets measure his strength in a heroic duel - with Dobrynya Nikitich or Alyosha Popovich? (With Dobrynya Nikitich; the epic “Dobrynya’s Fight with Ilya Muromets” tells about this.)

3. How long did this fight last? (More than two days.)

the Red carpet

1. In which epic are all three heroes from Vasnetsov’s canvas its heroes? (“Ilya Muromets is in a quarrel with Prince Vladimir.”)

2. Ilya Muromets drove to a fork in three roads, and there was a flammable stone with the inscription: “If you go straight, you will be killed, if you go to the right, you will be married, and if you go to the left, you will become rich.” Ilya drove along two roads and cleared them. And I decided to leave one to someone young. Which one exactly? (“I won’t go to a third party. Why should I, old, lonely, be rich? Let someone young get the wealth.”)

Russians. History, culture, traditions Manyshev Sergey Borisovich

“The legends of deep antiquity, the deeds of bygone days...”

One day, while walking, we saw that new residents were moving into our house, moving furniture and belongings, and we became interested in how the first Russians appeared on the shores of the Caspian Sea, in Dagestan. And here's what we found out.

The acquaintance of the Caspian peoples with Russia occurred back in the 7th century. North of Derbent there was a whole colony of Rus. Here they engaged in trade, transporting goods across the Caspian Sea.

At the Derbent market one could find furs, amber, walrus ivory, and wax brought by the Rus. This bazaar was famous all over the world as a market for Russian flax. Here one could also meet Russian slaves who were sold to eastern countries.

From time to time, where modern Dagestan is now located, the Rus settled. Many peoples of Dagestan, who maintained strong ties with the Rus, developed all sorts of legends. The Avar khans had a custom: if their line was cut short, then “a khan from Russians, Georgians or Armenians” had to ascend to the throne. Residents of the high-mountain Lezgin village of Mikrakh, for example, linked their origins with the Rus.

Dagestan, through whose territory routes from Europe and Russia to Georgia and Persia ran, has always been a place where the interests of many people collided. different states. Therefore, it was always restless here, and Russian settlers either left these places or reappeared.

Together the Russians and the peoples of Dagestan fought against the Arabs when they spread the Islamic religion with fire and sword. As the medieval Dagestani historian Muhammad Rafi wrote, the Rus and Dagestanis have always equally divided good and evil.

More than once they committed together joint hikes to Georgia and Azerbaijan. Residents of Dagestan were also in the squad of Prince Svyatoslav, who captured the capital of the Khazars - the city of Semender.

At the end of the 10th century, Derbent nobles captured the ruler of Derbent, but he managed to call on the Rus for help. They sailed across the Caspian Sea on 18 ships and freed the ruler; Since then, he surrounded himself with warriors from the Rus. They were invited to military service and Dagestan feudal lords.

In 1466, the Tver merchant Afanasy Nikitin, having loaded goods for sale onto two ships, set off along the Volga to the Caspian Sea. The Caspian Sea was then called Khvalynsky. One of his ships at the mouth of the Volga River was plundered by nomads, another crashed against the rocks approximately where Makhachkala is now located.

The surviving merchants went south to Derbent, but they were captured by Khalil-Bek, the Kaitag utsmiy (ruler). Afanasy Nikitin managed to get to Derbent. With the help of the Russian ambassador Vasily Panin and noble residents of the city, he freed his fellow merchants. These chores took him whole year. Left without goods to sell, some of them returned back to their homeland, others decided to earn money to travel home to Baku. And only Afanasy Nikitin, brave and strong-willed traveler, went further - to Persia.

Afanasy Nikitin left the famous notes “Walking across Three Seas” about his journey. From them you can learn about the voyages of Russian merchants across the Caspian Sea, about Russia’s trade with Derbent, about diplomatic relations between Russia and Dagestan during the time of Ivan the Third, in the 15th century.

Russia was very interested in ensuring that its southern borders were secure and that trade was developing on the Caspian Sea.

During the 16th–18th centuries, along the route of Afanasy Nikitin - from the Terek through Sulak, Tarki and Derbent - Russian embassies went to Georgia, Shirvan, and Persia. The ambassadors, as experienced intelligence officers, were interested not only in the prices of the most popular goods at local bazaars for the development of trade. They paid no less attention to fortresses and the number of troops in case of war.

150 years after Afanasy Nikitin, another Russian merchant, Fyodor Kotov, passed through Dagestan along his route to Turkey and Persia. In your trade roadbook ( travel notes) he spoke about the lands between Sulak and Aksai, about Tarki and the Tarkov Shamkhaldom, as well as the “Kumychans” (Kumyks) who inhabited it, about the Kaitag Utsmiystvo and its inhabitants, about the city of Derbent, its bazaars, caravanserais, about the formidable fortress that amazed him Naryn-Kala, about the legendary Derbent wall of Dag-Bara, which went deep into Tabasaran, about the life and customs of the “Lezgins” (Lezgins). Fyodor Kotov left a plausible and detailed description a country of mountains that has attracted more than one generation of Russian travelers and researchers with its inaccessibility and diversity, mystery and multilingualism.

More than once over the years, diplomatic embassies were sent from Moscow to Dagestan and from Tarkovsky’s Shamkhaldom to Moscow to resolve important issues: the development of trade, defense against foreign conquerors.

Thus, from century to century, Dagestan and Russia grew closer. Emperor Peter the Great wanted to conquer the Caspian Sea in order to protect the southern borders of Russia from the invasion of Turkey and Iran, trade with overseas countries and strengthen ties with Christian Georgia.

Therefore, in July 1722, he appeared on the shores of the Caspian Sea along with a large army. In August, troops led by Peter visited Tarki at the invitation of Shamkhal Adil-Gerei. In honor of the upcoming holiday - Assumption Holy Mother of God- A prayer service was served on the seashore. After which Peter and his retinue built a mound of stones, marking the place where the port was to appear on the Caspian Sea. Subsequently, the city of Port Petrovsk, which we know as Makhachkala, arose here. Saying goodbye to Peter the Great, Adil-Gerey gave him a silk tent and a beautiful thoroughbred horse as a souvenir.

Then Emperor Peter headed south, to Derbent. Noble people presented Peter the Great with silver keys to the city. Here he waited for the arrival of the flotilla from Astrakhan and considered plans for maritime trade with Persia and India. But a terrible storm damaged the fleet, destroyed supplies for the army, and Peter was forced to return to Moscow.

Returning to Russia, Peter did not forget about Dagestan. He was always interested in exploring the Caspian Sea and the surrounding lands.

In the retinue of Peter the Great during his Caspian campaign and stay in Dagestan there were wonderful people who explored the Caspian Sea and the Caspian lands.

Fyodor Ivanovich Soimonov, the first Russian cartographer (compiler geographical maps), back in 1719, on the sailing ship “St. Catherine”, he carried out cartographic surveys of the northwestern and western, that is, Dagestan coast of the Caspian Sea from the Terek to the Kura. In 1720, a consolidated (general) map of the entire Caspian Sea was compiled. Scientists for the first time received a correct idea of ​​the sea, because previously they used very inaccurate, approximate maps compiled about one and a half thousand years ago by ancient scientists.

Fyodor Soimonov examined the mouths of Sulak and Agrakhani and drew up a plan for the construction of the fortress of the Holy Cross. In their scientific works he described the history of the exploration of the Caspian Sea, gave a detailed description of it, compiled maps of the Agrakhan Bay and Tyuleniy Island, spoke about the Persian campaign and the development of Russian trade with Bukhara, Persia and India.

Among Peter the Great's companions was artillery officer Ivan Gerber, a famous explorer of the Caspian lands. Exploring, on behalf of the emperor, the coastal strip from the Volga to the Kura, Ivan Gerber often went deep into the mountains - where no explorer had gone before. Having stayed in Dagestan and other coastal regions until 1729, Gerber was the first in the world to publish in print a description of the village of Kubachi. He divided Dagestan into “upper” (Tarki, Enderi, Buinak, Kubachi) and “lower” (Altypara, Rutul, Akhty, Dokuzpara), into Lezgistan (Akusha and Tabasaran) and Tavlistan (the lands of the Avars). An observant researcher, he not only talked about Derbent, but also about the life and way of life of the peoples who inhabited Dagestan: Kumyks, Lezgins, Avars, Dargins, Laks.

Another associate of Peter the Great, Dmitry Kantemir, not only explored the wall of Dag-Bara, but also enthusiastically translated into Russian the manuscript “Tarihi Derbend-name” (“History of Derbent”), which was presented to the emperor as a gift in Derbent along with the keys to the city .