Essay "Moral tests of Pyotr Grinev" ("The Captain's Daughter") with a plan, please, I beg you!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Essay on the topic: Grinev in life’s trials in Pushkin’s novel The Captain’s Daughter.
Real feeling helps preserve a person’s honor and dignity in any life situations. Young Pyotr Grinev is the main character of A. S. Pushkin’s story “ Captain's daughter“- had warm feelings for Masha, the daughter of Captain Mironov. "Chubby, ruddy, with light brown hair“Like many Russian girls, Masha attracts his attention with her modesty, femininity, “inexplicable kindness,” sensitivity, friendliness, integrity, naturalness, and sincerity of her inner appearance. Marya Ivanovna delights with the depth of her feelings, the high consciousness of duty, which manifested itself already in early years. She is distinguished by courage and independence of mind, loyalty this word. Masha is tactful, capable of true heroism in the name of friendship and love. She attracts everyone who knows her: Grinev and Shvabrin, Savelich and Pugachev, the priest and the queen. Savelich calls Masha “Angel of God.”
Grinev’s spiritual purity and responsiveness are visible in his attitude towards Masha: he rushed to her defense in front of Shvabrin, considered it his duty to defend Masha’s honor and dignity. After a day of unconsciousness due to the duel, Grinev was incredibly glad to see Marya Ivanovna near his bed, “her angelic voice” greeted him, Grinev was overcome by such a “sweet feeling” of joy that he immediately confessed his feelings to Marya Ivanovna. Knowing “his father’s character and way of thinking,” Grinev suggested that his love “won’t touch him too much, and that he will look at it as a whim.” young man" He was not wrong in his assumptions.
Love for Masha even softened Grinev’s attitude towards Shvabrin: he made peace with him in the very first days after recovery. Grinev was too happy to keep hostility in his heart: “being by nature not vindictive,” he sincerely forgave Shvabrin for the quarrel and the wound that he received from him: “In slandering him, I saw the annoyance of offended pride and rejected love and generously excused my unfortunate rival "
Grinev’s doubts that his father would forbid him to marry were justified. The father replied that it was necessary to defend the fatherland, and not duel. Thinking that it was Savelich who told his parents about the fight, Grinev “in vain insulted him with reproach and suspicion” and then asked him for forgiveness. Savelich defended Peter in front of his father: “And that such an incident happened to him, there would be no reproach for the fine fellow, a horse with four legs, but stumbles.”
When Grinev invited Masha to unite their destinies despite the blessing of his parents, Masha did not agree, began to cry and wished Grinev happiness in life.
Grinev’s love “flared up in solitude and became hour by hour... more painful,” and only further events, “which had an important influence on the whole life” of Peter, gave his soul a “strong and good shock”, helped him preserve his honor and dignity and live decent life together with your beloved.
By reading his works, you can perfectly educate the person within you. V. G. Belinsky In any literary work, one way or another, in one form or another are put eternal questions– What is considered a moral norm? Where is the line separating morality...
The Belogorsk fortress, in which the young officer Pyotr Grinev was to serve, was located “forty miles from Orenburg.” It was a village surrounded by a log fence. There was a cast-iron cannon at the gate; “The streets were crowded...
“The Captain's Daughter” is the last major work by A. S. Pushkin on a historical theme. The theme of the novel - the peasant uprising of 1773-1775 - is as natural and important in the ideological and creative evolution of the poet as the theme of Peter I and the theme of 1812. But,...
Pushkin is a good companion of our life. It seems that you know it by heart from childhood, and yet every time, as if at random, opening a familiar, long-loved book, you find in it something new, previously unexplored, sparkling as if for the first time. Can you hear it alive...
The genre of “The Captain's Daughter” is a historical narrative in the form of family notes. There are features of both a story and a novel; historical events are closely connected with the personal fate of the protagonist. Pushkin chooses Grinev as the narrator because...
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In the novel by A. S. Pushkin “The Captain's Daughter” two opposing characters are depicted: the noble Pyotr Grinev and the dishonest Alexey Shvabrin. The story of their relationship is one of the main plot points of The Captain's Daughter and reveals in detail the problem of protecting honor in the novel.
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Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin’s novel “The Captain’s Daughter” is dedicated to the problem of protecting and preserving honor. To explore this topic, the author portrays two opposing characters: the young officer Pyotr Grinev and Alexey Shvabrin, exiled to the Belogorsk fortress for a duel.
Young Pyotr Grinev appears in the novel as an infantile, poorly educated nobleman, not ready for adult life, but in every possible way wanting to do so. adult life break out. Time spent in Belogorsk fortress and in the battles near Orenburg, changes his character and fate. He not only develops all his best noble qualities, but also finds true love, as a result remaining an honest person.
In contrast, the author from the very beginning portrays Alexei Shvabrin as a man who has clearly crossed the line between honor and dishonor. According to Vasilisa Egorovna, Alexey Ivanovich “was discharged from the guard for murder and does not believe in God.” Pushkin endows his hero not only with a bad character and a penchant for dishonest acts, but also symbolically paints a portrait of a man with a “swarthy face and distinctly ugly,” but at the same time “excessively lively.”
Perhaps it is Shvabrin’s liveliness that attracts Grinev. The young nobleman is also very interesting to Shvabrin, for whom the Belogorsk fortress is an exile, a disastrous place in which he does not see people. Shvabrin’s interest in Grinev is explained by the desire to “finally see human face"After five years of being in the hopeless steppe wilderness. Grinev feels sympathy for Shvabrin and spends a lot of time with him, but gradually his feelings for Maria Mironova begin to take hold of him. This not only alienates Grinev from Shvabrin, but also provokes a duel between them. Grinev wants to take revenge on Shvabrin for slandering his beloved, whom Shvabrin takes revenge on for rejecting him.
During all subsequent events, Shvabrin increasingly shows his dishonor and, as a result, turns into the ultimate villain. All the traits most disgusting to Grinev awaken in him: a slanderer, a traitor, who forcibly wants to marry Maria to himself. He and Grinev are no longer friends or even comrades in arms; Shvabrin not only becomes disgusted by Grinev, they become on opposite sides in the Pugachev uprising. Even entering into relations with Pugachev, Grinev cannot go all the way, he cannot betray his noble honor. For Shvabrin, honor is initially not so important, so it costs him nothing to run over to the other side and then slander honest Grinev.
Grinev and Shvabrin are two opposites that diverge as quickly as they attract. These heroes choose different ways, but the outcome still turns out to be successful precisely for honest Grinev, who was pardoned by the empress and lived a long happy life, unlike Shvabrin, who disappeared unknown to the sound of chains in the prison corridors.
Even more essays on the topic: “Relationships between Grinev and Shvabrin”:
Historical story "The Captain's Daughter" - last piece A.S. Pushkin, written in prose. This work reflects the most important topics Pushkin's creativity late period– the place of the “little” person in historical events, moral choice in harsh social circumstances, law and mercy, people and power, “family thought.” One of the central moral problems The story is a problem of honor and dishonor. The resolution of this issue can be traced primarily through the fates of Grinev and Shvabrin.
These are young officers. Both serve in the Belogorsk fortress. Grinev and Shvabrin are nobles, close in age, education, and mental development. Grinev describes the impression the young lieutenant made on him: “Shvabrin was very intelligent. His conversation was witty and entertaining. With great joy he described to me the commandant’s family, his society and the region where fate had brought me.” However, the heroes did not become friends. One of the reasons for the hostility is Masha Mironova. It was in the relationship with the captain's daughter that they revealed moral qualities heroes. Grinev and Shvabrin turned out to be antipodes. The attitude towards honor and duty finally separated Grinev and Shvabrin during the Pugachev rebellion.
Pyotr Andreevich is distinguished by kindness, gentleness, conscientiousness, and sensitivity. It is no coincidence that Grinev immediately became “native” to the Mironovs, and Masha fell in love with him deeply and selflessly. The girl confesses to Grinev: “... until your grave, you will remain alone in my heart.” Shvabrin, on the contrary, makes a repulsive impression on those around him. The moral flaw is already evident in his appearance: he was short in stature, with “excellent ugly face" Masha, like Grinev, is unpleasant about Shvabrin, the girl is scared away by him evil tongue: “...he’s such a mocker.” In the lieutenant she feels dangerous person: “He’s very disgusting to me, but it’s strange: I wouldn’t want him to like me the same way. That would worry me with fear.” Subsequently, having become a prisoner of Shvabrin, she is ready to die, but not submit to him. For Vasilisa Egorovna, Shvabrin is a “murderer,” and the disabled Ivan Ignatich admits: “I’m not a fan of him myself.”
Grinev is honest, open, straightforward. He lives and acts at the behest of his heart, and his heart is freely subordinate to the laws of noble honor, the code of Russian chivalry, and a sense of duty. These laws are unchanged for him. Grinev is a man of his word. He promised to thank the random guide and did this, despite Savelich’s desperate resistance. Grinev could not give half a ruble for vodka, but gave the counselor his rabbit sheepskin coat. The law of honor forces the young man to pay a huge billiard debt to the hussar Zurin, who played not too honestly. Grinev is noble and ready to fight a duel with Shvabrin, who insulted the honor of Masha Mironova.
Grinev is consistently honest, and Shvabrin commits immoral acts one after another. This envious, evil, vengeful person is accustomed to acting with deceit and deceit. Shvabrin deliberately described Grineva Masha as “a complete fool” and hid from him his matchmaking with the captain’s daughter. Grinev soon understood the reasons for Shvabrin’s deliberate slander, with which he persecuted Masha: “He probably noticed our mutual inclination and tried to distract us from each other.”
Shvabrin is ready to get rid of his opponent by any means necessary. Insulting Masha, he skillfully infuriates Grinev and provokes a challenge to a duel, not considering the inexperienced Grinev a dangerous opponent. The lieutenant planned murder. This man stops at nothing. He is used to having all his wishes come true. According to Vasilisa Egorovna, Shvabrin was “transferred to the Belogorosky fortress for murder”, for the fact that in a duel he “stabbed a lieutenant, and even in front of two witnesses.” During the duel of officers, Grinev, unexpectedly for Shvabrin, turned out to be a skilled fencer, but, taking advantage of the favorable moment for him, Shvabrin wounded Grinev.
Grinev is generous, and Shvabrin is low. After the duel, the young officer forgave the “unfortunate rival,” but he continued to insidiously take revenge on Grinev and wrote a denunciation to his parents. Shvabrin constantly commits immoral acts. But the main crime in the chain of his constant baseness is going over to Pugachev’s side not for ideological, but for selfish reasons. Pushkin shows how in historical trials all the qualities of nature are fully manifested in a person. The vile beginning in Shvabrin makes him a complete scoundrel. Grinev's openness and honesty attracted Pugachev to him and saved his life. The hero's high moral potential was revealed during the most difficult tests on the strength of convictions. Grinev several times had to choose between honor and dishonor, and in fact between life and death.
After Pugachev “pardoned” Grinev, he had to kiss his hand, that is, recognize him as the king. In the chapter " Uninvited guest“Pugachev himself arranges a “test of compromise,” trying to get a promise from Grinev to “at least not fight” against him. In all these cases, the hero, risking his life, shows firmness and intransigence.
Shvabrin doesn’t have any moral principles. He saves his life by breaking his oath. Grinev was amazed to see “among the elders Shvabrin, with his hair cut in a circle and wearing a Cossack caftan.” This scary man continues to relentlessly pursue Masha Mironova. Shvabrin is fanatically obsessed with the desire to achieve not love, but at least obedience from the captain's daughter. Grinev assesses Shvabrin’s actions: “I looked with disgust at the nobleman lying at the feet of the runaway Cossack.”
The author's position coincides with the views of the narrator. This is evidenced by the epigraph to the story: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” Grinev remained faithful to duty and honor. The most important words he told Pugachev: “Just don’t demand what is contrary to my honor and Christian conscience.” Shvabrin violated both his noble and human duties.
Source: mysoch.ru
The story “The Captain's Daughter” by A. Pushkin attracts the reader not only with its interesting historical facts, but also with bright, memorable images of heroes.
Young officers Pyotr Grinev and Alexey Shvabrin are characters whose characters and views are completely opposite. This is evidenced by how differently they behave in everyday life, in critical situations, in love. And if you feel sympathy for Grinev from the very first pages of the story, then meeting Shvabrin evokes contempt and disgust.
The portrait of Shvabrin is as follows: “... a young officer of short stature, with a dark and distinctly ugly face.” His appearance matches his nature - evil, cowardly, hypocritical. Shvabrin is capable of dishonorable acts, it costs him nothing to slander or betray a person for his own benefit. This person cares most about his “selfish” interest.
Having failed to achieve the love of Masha Mironova, he not only seeks to stand in her way to happiness, but also tries, with the help of threats and force, to force the girl to marry him. Saving his life, Shvabrin is one of the first to swear allegiance to the impostor Pugachev, and when this is revealed and he appears in court, he perjures himself against Grinev in order to at least take revenge on him for all his failures.
All the best features were embodied in the image of Pyotr Grinev noble class. He is honest, brave, courageous, fair, knows how to keep his word, loves his fatherland and is devoted to his duty. Most of all, the young man is liked by his sincerity and straightforwardness. He is alien to arrogance and sycophancy. Having managed to win the love of Marya Ivanovna, Grinev reveals himself not only as a gentle and devoted admirer. Above all, he puts her honor, her name, and is ready not only to defend them with a sword in hand, but also to go into exile for Masha’s sake.
with their own positive qualities Grinev's character even conquered the robber Pugachev, who helped him free Masha from the hands of Shvabrin and wanted to be imprisoned by his father at their wedding.
I am sure that in our time many would like to be like Pyotr Grinev, while they would never want to meet Shvabrin.
Source: www.ukrlib.com
Alexey Ivanovich Shvabrin is not only a negative character, but also the opposite of Pyotr Andreevich Grinev, the narrator on whose behalf the narration in “The Captain's Daughter” is told.
Grinev and Shvabrin are not the only characters in the story who are in one way or another compared to each other: similar “pairs” form almost all the main characters works: Empress Catherine - false emperor Pugachev, Masha Mironova - her mother Vasilisa Egorovna - which allows us to talk about the comparison as one of the most important compositional techniques, used by the author in the story.
It is interesting, however, that not all of the named heroes are absolutely opposed to each other. Thus, Masha Mironova, rather, is compared with her mother and displays as much devotion to her chosen one and courage in the fight for him as captain Mironova, who was not afraid of the villains and accepted death with her husband. The contrast between the “couple” Ekaterina and Pugachev is not as clear as it seems at first glance.
These hostile and warring characters have many similar traits and similar actions. Both are capable of cruelty and of showing mercy and justice. In the name of Catherine, supporters of Pugachev (a mutilated Bashkir with his tongue cut out) are brutally persecuted and brutally tortured, and Pugachev commits atrocities and executions together with his comrades. On the other hand, both Pugachev and Ekaterina show mercy towards Grinev, saving him and Marya Ivanovna from trouble and ultimately arranging their happiness.
And only between Grinev and Shvabrin nothing but antagonism is revealed. It is already indicated in the names with which the author calls his heroes. Grinev bears the name Peter, he is the namesake of the great emperor, for whom Pushkin, of course, had the most enthusiastic feelings. Shvabrin is given the name of the traitor to his father's cause - Tsarevich Alexei. This, of course, does not mean at all that every character in Pushkin’s work bearing one of these names should be correlated in the reader’s mind with those named historical figures. But in the context of the story, where the problem of honor and dishonor, devotion and betrayal is so important, such a coincidence seems no coincidence.
It is known how seriously Pushkin took the concept of family noble honor, what is commonly called roots. It is no coincidence, of course, that this is why the story tells in such detail and detail about the childhood of Petrusha Grinev, about his family, in which the traditions of centuries-old noble upbringing are sacredly preserved. And even though these “habits of dear old times” are described not without irony, it is obvious that the author’s irony is full of warmth and understanding. And in the end, it was the thought of the impossibility of disgracing the honor of the clan and family that did not allow Grinev to commit betrayal against his beloved girl and violate the officer’s oath.
Shvabrin is a man without a family, without a tribe. We know nothing about his origin, about his parents. Nothing is said about his childhood or upbringing. Behind him, it seems, there is no spiritual and moral baggage that supports Grinev. Apparently, no one gave Shvabrin the simple and wise instruction: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” And therefore he easily neglects her to save own life and just for personal well-being. At the same time, we note that Shvabrin is an avid duelist: it is known that he was transferred to the Belogorsk fortress for some kind of “villainy,” probably for a duel. He challenges Grinev to a duel, and in a situation where he himself is entirely to blame: he insulted Maria Ivanovna, vilely slandering her in front of the lover Pyotr Andreevich.
It is important that none of the duels in the story honest heroes does not approve: neither Captain Mironov, who reminded Grinev that “fights are formally prohibited in the military article,” nor Vasilisa Yegorovna, who considered them “murder” and “murder,” nor Savelich. Grinev accepts the challenge, defending the honor of his beloved girl, while Shvabrin - from the fact that he was rightly called a liar and a scoundrel. Thus, in his addiction to duels, Shvabrin turns out to be a defender of superficial, falsely understood honor, a zealot not for the spirit, but for the letter of the law, only for its external observance. This once again proves that ideas about true honor he doesn't have.
For Shvabrin, nothing is sacred at all: no love, no friendship, no duty. Moreover, we understand that neglecting these concepts is commonplace for him. From the words of Vasilisa Yegorovna, we learn that Shvabrin “does not believe in God,” that he was “discharged from the guard for murder.” Not every duel and not every officer was dismissed from the guard. Obviously, some ugly, vile story was connected with that duel. And, therefore, what happened in the Belogorsk fortress and subsequently was not an accident, not a consequence of momentary weakness, not just cowardice, which is ultimately excusable under certain circumstances. Shvabrin came to his final fall naturally.
He lived without faith, without moral ideals. He himself was incapable of love, and neglected the feelings of others. After all, he knew that he was disgusted with Masha, but, despite this, he harassed her, stopping at nothing. The advice he gives to Grinev regarding Marya Ivanovna reveals him as a vulgar (“... if you want Masha Mironova to come to you at dusk, then instead of tender poems, give her a pair of earrings”), Shvabrin is not only mean, but also cunning. After the duel, fearing new troubles, he acts out a scene in front of Grinev sincere repentance. Further events show that the simple-minded Grinev was in vain to believe the liar. At the first opportunity, Shvabrin takes vile revenge on Grinev by betraying Marya Ivanovna to Pugacheva. And here the villain and criminal, the peasant Pugachev, shows a nobility incomprehensible to Shvabrin: he, to Shvabrin’s indescribable anger, lets Grinev and Masha Mironova go with God, forcing Shvabrin to give them “a pass to all outposts and fortresses under his control. Shvabrin, completely destroyed, stood dumbfounded”...
The last time we see Shvabrin is when he, arrested for his connection with Pugachev, shackled in chains, undertakes last try slander and destroy Grinev. He had changed greatly in appearance: “his hair, recently pitch black, had turned completely grey,” but his soul was still black: he uttered his accusations, albeit in a “weak but bold voice” - so great was his anger and hatred of his opponent’s happiness.
Shvabrin will end his life as ingloriously as he lived: loved by no one and loved by no one, serving no one and nothing, but only adapting all his life. He is like a tumbleweed, a plant without a root, a man without a clan, without a tribe, he did not live, but rolled down,
until he fell into the abyss...
Essay on the topic: “The moral tests of Pyotr Grinev”
Essay plan:
1. Petrusha’s childhood:
1.1. Parents' house
1.2. Father's order
2. Moral tests on the path of Pyotr Grinev:
2.1. Card debt
2.2. Hare sheepskin coat
2.3. Duel
2.4. Pugachev riot
2.5. Arrest
2.6. Execution of Pugachev
3. Conclusion
Pyotr Andreevich Grinev was born and raised in the family of a Simbirsk landowner. From the earliest years, parents greatly influenced how the child’s character and views were formed. They themselves were honest, decent people, and raised their son in an atmosphere of high morality. Thanks to his parents, Petrusha loved his homeland from childhood and knew what loyalty to duty and the word you gave meant. He respected older people, was brave and courageous, and always strived for justice. The kindness of his mother and the simplicity of life of the Grinev family developed gentleness and even sensitivity in Petrusha. Thus, we can safely say that the best features of Pyotr Grinev are due to his origin and upbringing. The father, when he sent his son to serve, first of all wanted Peter to become a real, worthy, brave officer, for whom the duty of honor comes first. He tells him parting words, which are the main guidelines in Peter’s life: “Farewell, Peter. Serve faithfully to whom you pledge allegiance; obey your superiors; Don’t chase their affection; don’t ask for service; do not dissuade yourself from serving; and remember the proverb: take care of your dress again, but take care of your honor from a young age.” These are very true words, because honor ranks first among moral symbols.After leaving parents' house Pyotr Grinev acts honorably for the first time when he returns a gambling debt to Zurov. Savelich, Grinev's servant, persuades him to evade the settlement, but nobility takes over. A man of honor is always kind and selfless in his dealings with others. For example, Pyotr Grinev, despite Savelich’s dissatisfaction, thanked the tramp for his service by giving him a hare sheepskin coat. This act saved both of their lives in the future.Moral tests awaited Grinev in the fortress where he served. The young man fell in love with the daughter of the commandant of the fortress, Masha Mironova. Shvabrin interferes with Grinev’s love for Masha and weaves intrigues. It comes down to a duel. Grinev risks his life with a sword in his hand when he defends the honor of his beloved. He is ready to sacrifice his life so that his beloved is happy. Here such qualities as decency, courage, and fortitude are revealed in Peter.During the Pugachev rebellion, the moral qualities of all the heroes of the story, as well as the baseness of the feelings of some of them, were especially clearly demonstrated. When Pugachev captured the Belgorod fortress, Ivan Kuzmich (Captain Mironov) and Grinev behaved very honorably. Even when they were under threat of life on the gallows, not one of them agreed to go over to Pugachev’s side. Shvabrin had joined the enemy’s camp the day before, thereby violating his officer’s duty. Pugachev showed generosity and pardoned Peter in gratitude for the old favor. But it seems to me that this was not the only thing that played a role. I think that Pugachev appreciated Grinev as a man of honor. The leader of the popular uprising himself was not alien to the concepts of honor. Moreover, Grinev and Masha, in the future, thanks to Pugachev, found each other.The ending of the story is interesting. It would seem that a connection with the rebellious chieftain would be fatal for Grinev. He is actually arrested based on a denunciation. He is facing the death penalty, but even then Grinev, for reasons of honor, does not name his beloved in order to compromise her. After all, if he had told the whole truth about Masha, for the sake of saving whom he found himself in this situation, he would probably have been acquitted. It's good that at the very last moment justice has prevailed. Marya Ivanovna asks the Empress herself for Grinev, and then Grinev’s fate is decided for the better.Grinev remained a man of honor to the end. He was present at the execution of Pugachev, to whom he owed his happiness. Pugachev recognized him and nodded his head from the scaffold.In conclusion, we can say that the proverb “take care of your honor from a young age” has the meaning of a life talisman that helps to overcome the harsh trials of life. Before the eyes of readers, Pyotr Grinev grows from an inexperienced youth into a strong and courageous young man who can become an example to follow, because he has all the qualities that are valued in a person.
In the story “The Captain's Daughter” A.S. Pushkin touches on the problem of noble honor, which is very important for him and his compatriots. Showing the gradual development of the personality of Pyotr Grinev, the main character of the work, the author outlines the Russian national character, who is characterized by such qualities as kindness, nobility, honesty, loyalty to his word and the sovereign. Only after going through difficult life trials does the young nobleman become what we see him in the finale.
Life in my father's house
The text of the story is a memoir written on behalf of the main character, which gives the events described greater authenticity: no one can tell about a person better than himself.
Petrusha received a traditional upbringing for noble children. The kind uncle Savelich was assigned to him, who accompanied the young man even after his departure for service. He was taught by the French hairdresser Beaupré, who could not give a thorough education. The boy lived as a teenager, carefree and without thinking about the future.
Even before birth, the father enrolled his son in But when Pyotr Grinev reached the age of sixteen, he decided to send him not to St. Petersburg, but to Orenburg, under the supervision of an old acquaintance. It was a foregone conclusion further fate young nobleman.
Entering an independent life
The main parting word that the father gave when seeing off his son: “Take care of... honor from a young age.” Peter will follow this principle throughout his life. In the meantime, he looks more like a spoiled little baron. For the first time he gets drunk and loses a hundred rubles to an unfamiliar Zurin, then demands that Savelich definitely repay the debt. He insists on an urgent departure to the Belogorsk fortress, where he was assigned in Orenburg, and finds himself in a strong snowstorm. But the formation of the personality of Pyotr Grinev is already beginning. He suffers, realizing his guilt before his faithful uncle, and asks him for forgiveness - the ability to admit his mistakes. He gives the counselor who helped them get out of the snowstorm a sheepskin coat - gratitude for the help provided.
Test of love
It brings Peter Grinev into life with a glorious family and the cowardly Shvabrin. The actions of the latter to a greater extent highlight the noble traits of the main character. Both fall in love with Masha Mironova, but if Shvabrin stoops to baseness after receiving a refusal, Grinev is ready to defend the honor of his beloved girl at the cost of his own life. This happens in the case of a duel, when the hero challenges a more experienced opponent to a duel, who spoke insultingly towards Masha. And also at the moment when the Pugachevites enter the fortress.
Shvabrin not only goes over to their side, but also tricks him into keeping the defenseless girl locked up, and then announces that she is the daughter of the executed commandant. The characterization of Pyotr Grinev is completely different in the current situation. He has to do Difficult choice between the duty of an officer, which obliged him to go to the unit, and the desire to protect his beloved. While the hero is sure that nothing threatens Masha, he goes to Orenburg, but at her first call, without receiving support and understanding from the command, he returns to the fortress. The hero will also remain silent at trial, when the accusation of treason based on the denunciation of the same Shvabrin could cost him his life. After all, to tell for what purpose he went to the fortress to Pugachev meant to involve him in unpleasant story Commandant's daughter. And only Masha’s meeting with the empress will help restore justice and justify the hero.
Thus, the next stage When the formation of Peter Grinev’s personality occurs, his love is sincere and selfless. She turned yesterday's mischievous person into one capable of taking responsibility for another person.
Meeting Pugachev
During the capture of the Belogorsk fortress, Grinev shows strength of character, loyalty to the oath and the empress, and courage. Of course, a certain role in the fact that he was not executed along with the others was played by the hare sheepskin coat that Peter gave to the counselor on the way to the fortress. But the young officer refused to kiss the impostor’s hand and swear allegiance to him. Exactly this moral fortitude and the willingness to accept death for his convictions determined Pugachev’s attitude towards Grinev. And also the ability to always tell the truth, sincerity in everything and a feeling of complete inner freedom. This could be the characterization of Pyotr Grinev in the chapters that describe his meetings with the impostor. Indeed, the latter did not invite everyone to his table, let him go on all fours after refusing to go into his service, or gave his blessing for marriage with the daughter of the commandant of a military fortress.
The image of Pyotr Grinev in the story “The Captain's Daughter”: conclusions
Thus, during the events described, the character of the protagonist undergoes changes. And several points are important in this process. Firstly, the reasonable decision of the father, who sent his son not to St. Petersburg, where an idle life and amusements awaited him, but to a remote fortress, which in fact became the place where he pulled the strap and smelled gunpowder. Secondly, the era itself and the important historical event- uprising under the leadership of Pugachev. Only in difficult life situations, as a rule, do true human beings emerge. IN in this case the carefree boy turned into a real man.
Defining ideological plan A. Pushkin, it can be noted that the gradual formation of the personality of Pyotr Grinev was supposed to reveal in the hero those traits that every Russian nobleman should have. And the main ones are “two excellent quality": kindness and nobility. They are exactly what Pyotr Grinev would like to see in his descendants. This wish of the author of the memoirs, which completed the draft version of the story, was excluded when latest edition"The Captain's Daughter"
Grinev in life's trials
The story “The Captain's Daughter” was written by A. S. Pushkin in the 1830s and covered the period of the uprising of Emelyan Pugachev. Main character works by P. A. Grinev is a landowner who, in his declining years, tells the story of his life in his memoirs. WITH early childhood to shape his character great attention provided by parents - honest and decent people, who have seen a lot in their lifetime. Teachers also played a significant role in his life: Savelich, who taught him to read and write, and the Frenchman Beaupré, hired to teach Petrusha French, German and other sciences, but in the end, he himself mastered Russian.
Until he was sixteen, he played the fool, and then his father sent him to Orenburg to serve. On the way, he and Savelich got into a snowstorm and had to wait a little. The person who helps them turns out to be none other than Emelyan Pugachev, but Grinev does not know this. In gratitude, he gives the man his warm sheepskin coat. Life's trials were just beginning, and fate had already brought him together with such a person. From Orenburg, Grinev was sent to serve in the Belogorsk fortress, whose commandant was Ivan Kuzmich Mironov. Having made friends with the Mironovs, Peter became particularly attached to Masha. In the commandant's daughter, he saw a prudent and sensitive girl.
Life passed smoothly, sometimes the hero read books, sometimes wrote poetry, and became friends with Lieutenant Shvabrin. The latter was a big mistake, since the lieutenant turned out to be a rather vile person. Most of The life trials that befell the hero happened precisely through his fault, and, of course, through the fault of active military operations and uprisings. At first, Shvabrin defamed the name of Maria Mironova, as it turned out, because the girl refused him. Grinev had no choice but to challenge the scoundrel to a duel. But even here Shvabrin managed to show his nature; he stabbed his colleague in the back while he turned away to the servant’s call.
The next time Grinev and Maria encountered the meanness of the lieutenant was during Pugachev’s riot. Many people died during this period, but the Don Cossack spared Grinev, because he recognized him as the same stranger who had once lent him a hare’s sheepskin coat during a snowstorm. Not only for this reason Pugachev pardoned the hero, but for his sincerity and honesty. Since Grinev swore allegiance to the Empress, he refuses to serve anyone else, but Shvabrin later informs the government troops that Pyotr Andreevich has gone over to Pugachev’s side. Maria barely manages to save him.
Another test in the life of young Grinev was the reluctance of his parents to accept Masha, since she was without a dowry. The Mironovs had only one girl Palashka working on their farm, while the Grinevs had three hundred souls of peasants at their disposal. At first they strongly objected to this union. Father even promised to transfer Peter somewhere away from the Belogorsk fortress. Perhaps another young man would have been afraid to contradict his parents, but Peter knew that he would not leave Masha under any circumstances and therefore chose her. Thus, the author once again emphasizes the honesty, straightforwardness, nobility and sense of duty of the protagonist.
