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In 2018, the federal budget allocated 11 billion rubles for subsidies to small businesses from the state. This amount is significantly lower than the previous one. The difference is significant: in 2017, 17 billion rubles were allocated. The reason for the reduction was the financial crisis.

But the small business finance industry continues to evolve. The need to provide subsidies is due to the lack of start-up capital among beginning businessmen. In this regard, there are certain conditions and nuances for receiving government assistance.

Definition

Subsidies for small business development are a special government support measure designed to finance start-up entrepreneurs. The main directions of its implementation are indicated in.

The state is coming towards young businessmen. In 2018, the opportunity to receive funds to develop your business is provided in all regions of the country.

Opening a new business is beneficial not only to the entrepreneur, but also to the state.
It haunts specific goals, thanks to which the development of small businesses contributes to positive changes.

1. Increasing the number of jobs in the country. By creating enterprises (both small and large), the manager provides additional vacancies for residents of his city. The more potential places there are, the lower the unemployment rate in a particular region.
2. Increasing GDP. The growth of small and medium-sized businesses helps improve the economic situation in the country. The state's financial resources are replenished through tax contributions. Healthy competition is created in the market: demand increases, prices come to the average and remain at the same level.

Thus, a subsidy is a help not only to a beginning businessman, but also to the country’s economy as a whole.

To whom are provided

Almost any citizen aiming to create a business can receive a subsidy. But it must meet a number of requirements. These include:

• majority;
• capacity (the ability to realize the meaning of one’s actions and manage them);
• availability of a business plan and other documents necessary to receive subsidies.

According to the law, the following categories of citizens can receive support for opening and developing their business:

1. unemployed;
2. belonging to the social protection group (poor, single parent in the family, disabled people, former military personnel);
3. all other adults who decide to open a business.

Advice

Creating an enterprise and opening any business presupposes the status of an individual entrepreneur. You should take care of registering an individual entrepreneur in advance - before applying to the state for financial support.

Types of subsidies

Subsidies have different purposes. It is determined depending on the target line of business and social status potential entrepreneur. However, there are three main categories.

Table 1. Types of subsidies for small businesses.

To receive financing you must:

1. have initial capital (its presence is confirmed by title documents for real estate or assets);
2. choose a target purpose supported by the state (not all areas of business are included in the subsidy program).

But these requirements are not always sufficient. There are many applicants for subsidies, but budget funds are limited. Therefore, issuing Money takes place on a competitive basis.

Special conditions for Muscovites

For residents of the capital special types financing, allowing you to receive a subsidy on more favorable terms.

Moscow entrepreneurs can receive up to 500,000 rubles to develop their business. But they need to meet a number of requirements:

1. the duration of the activity in which a citizen is engaged must be at least six months and no more than two years;
2. the entrepreneur needs to confirm his financial activities. To do this, you need to provide reports, invoices, checks and other papers.

If all conditions are met, the businessman should contact the State Budgetary Institution “Small Business of Moscow”. The commission will make a decision based on the documents provided.

What can you spend it on?

Targeted money cannot be used for all types of activities. The state supports only socially significant industries. Among them:

Exception: the types of activities specified in parts 3.4 of Article 14 of Federal Law No. 209 “On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation” are not financed.

Advice

You should take a conscious approach to choosing a business direction. To increase the chances of approval of a subsidy, it is preferable to choose those industries whose development is necessary in the region where the entrepreneur lives.

There are areas for which the state does not provide money for opening. This is primarily the production of alcohol and tobacco products. As well as all types of their distribution (sale, import, processing).

Along with this, there is a limited list of targeted spending. It is to them that a citizen can direct public money within the framework of his business. Their list includes expenses:

• for the purchase of raw materials;
• for the purchase of equipment for the production of goods and services;
• for renting premises;
• to receive ownership of intangible assets.

It is prohibited to spend the subsidy on other capital investments (especially those not related to the functioning of the business).

Peculiarities

State subsidy support has its own characteristics:

1. Gratuitous. The money received (provided it is used legally) does not need to be returned. A subsidy for starting a business is not a loan. It is provided as initial capital and does not require repayment.
2. Focus. The funds received can only be spent on the intended purpose specified in the business plan. If the fact of embezzlement is discovered for other purposes or for personal purposes, the entrepreneur will be required to reimburse the full amount of the subsidy.
3. Report. Every year, a citizen must provide a report on the funds spent. The first reporting is carried out after three months from the date of approval of the application.
4. Time frame. An important condition for providing a subsidy: the enterprise must operate on a permanent basis. The agreement between the state and the entrepreneur specifies the minimum duration of operation of the business for a period of one year. This is how the government fights “fly-by-night companies.”
5. Transparency in the use of funds received. Every expenditure of targeted money is controlled by the state. All unspent funds will have to be returned.

It is important to consider these nuances before applying for participation in the government program.

Documentation

For beginning entrepreneurs, there is a special list of documents required to receive government support.

Table 2. Documents required to receive a subsidy.

Advice

Writing a business plan is worth paying attention to Special attention. The commission's decision depends on its quality and level of profitability. Illiterately drawn up business ideas with obviously unprofitable activities will be rejected.

How to get

You can receive a subsidy from one of the following institutions:

1. Employment Center, including its regional offices (relevant for unemployed citizens);
2. Department of Entrepreneurship;
3. local administrations operating at the level of individual regions.

After choosing an organization, you must follow certain instructions. The sequence of actions increases the chances of approval of the subsidy.

If the entrepreneur does not have unemployed status

If a person is not registered with the employment center, but wants to receive a subsidy, he needs to follow the following steps.

1. Choose the type of activity that the future entrepreneur plans to develop. This is a key point on which the success of the business as a whole depends. You need to choose only government-approved destinations.
2. Create a business plan. It must be logically constructed, structured and contain all the key points of the target activity. If a citizen does not know enough how to do this, he should seek help from professionals.
3. Register as individual entrepreneur. To do this, you need to fill out an application with the Federal Tax Service. The period for registration of an individual entrepreneur is 5 working days.
4. Apply to government agency. Important: the institution must specialize in subsidizing small businesses.
5. Predict the approximate costs of starting and growing a business. The obtained data must be provided to the commission for review.
6. Collect a package of documents. Their list should include documents important for obtaining a subsidy (passport, TIN, income certificate, etc.).

Within 60 days, the commission will decide on issuing a subsidy for small business development. The citizen will receive a registered letter with a response. If it is positive, the money is transferred to the recipient’s personal account. In case of refusal, the notification will indicate the reason.

If a citizen is unemployed

The Employment Center provides subsidized funding. Therefore, before submitting an application, an unemployed citizen should contact the specified authority and register.

After receiving unemployed status, you must follow the same procedure as when applying for a subsidy as an ordinary entrepreneur:

1. collect and prepare documents;
2. obtain individual entrepreneur status;
3. contact the authorized organization with an application;
4. wait for the commission's decision.

So, when starting a business, an entrepreneur can receive government support. Its size is limited and cannot exceed 300,000 rubles.

To receive a subsidy, you need to collect a package of documents and register as an individual entrepreneur. If the commission makes a positive decision, the aspiring entrepreneur will be able to receive financial assistance for business development.

In every region of our country there are programs that provide various subsidies, compensation, benefits and other types of assistance. What forms of government support for entrepreneurs exist and how to use them? We will talk about this in our article.

Today, the most popular small business assistance programs are:

• subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed;
• business development subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs;
• guarantee under credit and leasing agreements;
• compensation for part of the interest on loans;
• reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement;
• issuing loans at reduced rates;
• reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs;
• tax benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs.

Let's consider all these types of government support in more detail.

Subsidy for starting a business for the unemployed

If you are unemployed and want to try your hand at business, a subsidy from the employment center in the amount of 58,800 rubles can help you at first. This type of government assistance is provided to unemployed citizens free of charge. In order to receive a subsidy, you need to contact the employment service at your place of registration, register for unemployment, write and defend a business plan. Some employment centers will additionally require you to undergo a short training in the basics of entrepreneurship and psychological testing.

It is best if your future business has a social orientation and you create one or more jobs. For example, let's start manufacturing products folk art. Business ideas related to the production or sale of alcohol, opening a pawn shop, or network marketing are not accepted for consideration. After defending your business plan before the commission and if it is approved, you enter into an agreement with the employment center to receive a subsidy. Please note that you should register an individual entrepreneur or LLC only after concluding an agreement. It is necessary to follow this procedure, since the contract is concluded with you as an unemployed person, and not as an entrepreneur or legal entity.

The costs of registration are also reimbursed by the state. Reimbursement is transferred upon the fact, that is, you must pay for registration at your own expense, and then provide documents on payment to the employment center.

The subsidy amount may increase if you hire one or more unemployed people who are also registered with this employment center (+58,800 for each hired employee). This program is valid for individual entrepreneurs only.

Within three months of receiving the grant, you must certify that the funds have been spent in accordance with the approved business plan. If your business “lasts” less than a year, the money will have to be returned to the state.

Subsidy for start-up entrepreneurs

You can get a more significant amount for business development - 300,000 rubles (500,000 rubles for Moscow entrepreneurs). In order for you to be provided with such a subsidy, at least a year must pass from the moment of registration of your individual entrepreneur or LLC. Money is issued after defending a business project, but on co-financing terms, that is, you invest 50-70% own funds, and the state will compensate the rest of your business development costs. The subsidy can be spent on purchasing equipment, equipping workplaces, purchasing raw materials, and paying rent. Another condition for providing a subsidy is that your company does not have debts on taxes and insurance premiums. Non-repayable loans are most often issued to entrepreneurs who carry out socially important activities - engaged in consumer services, work in the field of education, healthcare, etc. For spent public funds You will need to report in detail. You can find out all the details from local governments or business support funds in your region.

Guarantee for loan and leasing agreements

In almost every region there are guarantee funds that can become guarantors when an entrepreneur applies for a loan or enters into an agreement with a leasing company. Such a guarantee is an additional advantage when obtaining a loan. For the service, the fund will have to pay 1.5-2% of the guarantee amount, which, as a rule, is 30-70% of the loan amount.

How to use the guarantee fund:

1. Find out the requirements for borrowers on the fund’s website or by phone.
2. If you meet them, then check which banks are the fund’s partners. Select the bank where you would like to take out a loan.
3. When contacting the bank, indicate that you would like the guarantee fund to act as your guarantor.
4. If your loan application is approved by the bank, then together with the bank you need to prepare documents and an application to the guarantee fund.
5. If the fund's decision is positive, a tripartite guarantee agreement is drawn up.
6. You receive a loan and pay for the services of the guarantee fund.

The guarantee fund must be located in the same region in which your business is registered.

Compensation for part of interest on loans

If you took out a loan for business development from one of the Russian banks, you can compensate part of the interest on the loan at the expense of the state. The amount of the subsidy depends on the current refinancing rate and the size of the loan. This type of support is valid in almost all regions and applies to most types of activities.

Reimbursement of part of the costs under the leasing agreement

Another popular view assistance to small businesses from the state - compensation for part of payments under leasing agreements. If you lease production equipment or vehicles, then you have the opportunity to return part of the funds. The maximum amount differs depending on the region: for example, in Moscow it is up to 5 million rubles. You can find out all the details from the small business development department or entrepreneurship support funds in your region.

Issuing loans at reduced rates

In many regions of the Russian Federation, there are microfinance programs for small businesses that enable entrepreneurs to receive loans and short-term loans on preferential terms. As a rule, the loan amount ranges from 10 thousand to 1 million rubles for a period of 1-3 years. Interest rate varies from 8 to 10%. Loans at a lower rate - 5% individual regions provide entrepreneurs who work in the production or agricultural sector, provide household services, that is, engage in socially significant activities. In some cases you can get more a large sum- up to 5 million for a longer period - up to 5 years.

To obtain a loan, contact the entrepreneurship support fund in your region. There you will be told what requirements the borrower must meet, what documents and possibly collateral are required to obtain a loan. Based on the documents provided and the collateral, the fund’s specialists will make a decision on issuing or refusing to issue a loan.

Reimbursement of expenses for participation in exhibitions and fairs

This type of state support for small businesses will allow you to reduce the costs of participating in exhibitions and fairs, that is, take advantage of the opportunity to present your product to a wide audience, find clients and partners, and exchange experiences. The state can pay two-thirds of your participation in such events - rental and delivery of equipment, registration fee. Travel, accommodation and food costs are not reimbursed. The subsidy is provided once during the current financial year. The subsidy amount is from 25,000 to 300,000 rubles, depending on the region.

Tax benefits for new and existing entrepreneurs

From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020, regions have the right to set a zero tax rate for first-time registered individual entrepreneurs for 2 years. This applies to imputation and patent entrepreneurs who work in the production, social, household or scientific spheres. For example, in 2016, “tax holidays” are in effect in Bryansk, Voronezh, Kostroma, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Omsk, Tula and many other regions.

Also, since 2016, as anti-crisis measures to support small businesses, in some regions there have been reduced tax rates for entrepreneurs on the simplified tax system - from 1% and UTII - from 7.5%.

Other forms of government support for small businesses

In all regions of our country, training and advanced training is provided for small businesses, which includes a variety of trainings, seminars, and conferences. Professional accountants, lawyers and other specialists will advise you on any questions that inevitably arise for both beginners and those who have already been doing business for more than one year. These services are provided free of charge.

How can I find out about support measures in my city?

You will find a detailed description of support measures in the SME Business Navigator - a free resource for entrepreneurs. Here you can find a database of all state and municipal organizations that provide support to small and medium-sized businesses in your region.

If after reading the article you still have any questions, ask them in the comments.

What specific government support measures can a person who opens his own business count on?

Subsidies from the employment center

If you are just planning to open your own business, then the first thing you need to know about is the existence of a special program of the Ministry of Economic Development to provide subsidies to small and medium-sized businesses at the regional level. As part of this program, the employment center provides one-time financial assistance in starting their own business.

The amount is provided in the amount of 12 times the maximum amount of unemployment benefit. Previously it was 58,800 rubles. (based on the assumption that the unemployment benefit amount was 4,900 rubles). However, from January 1, 2019, the maximum benefit amount will increase from 4,900 rubles. up to 8,000 rubles, so the size of the subsidy may increase. One-time financial assistance is also provided for the preparation of documents: payment of state fees, performance of notarial acts during state registration, purchase of blank documentation, production of seals, stamps, legal services, consultations. For example, in the Moscow region, financial assistance for the preparation of documents amounts to 7,500 rubles.

A subsidy from the employment center is available to citizens over 18 years of age. But in order to receive it, they need to register with the employment center, that is, have unemployed status and receive benefits. It is also worth considering that subsidies are not given to everyone, since there are a limited number of them, and they are issued at the beginning of the financial year (you need to try to get into the right period). Vasily Puchkov, deputy director of the regional center for supporting the Olympic movement, talks about these and other subtleties.

Grant support

This measure of government support is usually provided regional authorities. The grant is provided to a start-up entrepreneur in the form of a one-time subsidy, on a non-refundable and free basis. The maximum amount, as a rule, is 600,000 rubles. But depending on the region, the conditions for receiving grants may differ. Therefore, it is better to find out all the details locally. Money is allocated to those whose applications have passed the competitive selection process. The selection criteria include the field of business activity, the amount of revenue, the number of jobs, etc.

In 2019, beginning farmers can still count on special government support. The size of the grant under the “Support for Beginning Farmers” program can reach 3 million rubles. This amount, for example, is received by beginning livestock farmers in the Moscow region if they specialize in cattle breeding, and 1.5 million rubles each. provided to farms operating in other areas. The farm that received such a grant must create at least one job for every 1 million rubles. grant.

In Tatarstan for 2019, the amount of grant support under the Beginning Farmer program will be higher - it will amount to up to 5 million rubles. instead of the previous 3 million. So the conditions and amounts should be clarified in each specific case.

In addition, there are grants in the amount of up to 30 million rubles. for the development of family livestock farms.

In St. Petersburg, since 2015, the program “Support for Social Entrepreneurship” has been implemented, within the framework of which costs associated with the payment of rental payments and the purchase of equipment are subject to reimbursement: rental of buildings, non-residential premises, equipment rental and equipment purchase.

In addition, a program to support entrepreneurs creating children's centers has been developed in St. Petersburg; support program for entrepreneurs involved in handicrafts, and other programs.

To find out more about receiving grants and subsidies, go to official government websites that provide information about business support measures. For example, on the website of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Tatarstan, all areas of state support are described in detail. For the Moscow region, such information is provided by the website of the Center for Entrepreneurship Development of the Moscow Region. The website “Small Business of Kuban” provides detailed list subsidies for entrepreneurs operating in the south of Russia.

It will be easier if you use the search in the “Support for SMEs in the regions” section on Federal portal small and medium enterprises. Just enter your region in the search and you will be automatically transferred to the “local” SME portal.

On the Ministry's website economic development In the Russian Federation, you can use the list of authorized bodies to support small and medium-sized businesses in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Federal business support programs

This type of business support can be divided into programs from:

• Ministry of Economic Development of Russia

His area of ​​interest extends to the implementation of a program to provide subsidies from the federal budget to provide state support to SMEs in the regions (in accordance with the orders of the Ministry of Economic Development issued annually).

Funds are distributed on a competitive basis between regions and allocated for activities provided for by regional programs, but on the condition that the costs are co-financed by the regions.

The program of the Ministry of Economic Development involves direct and indirect support measures that can be counted on by those who produce goods, develop and implement innovative products, specialize in folk arts and crafts, carry out handicraft activities, promote rural and ecotourism, and develop social entrepreneurship.

• SME Corporations

This organization is engaged in solving a various range of problems, including providing financial, property, legal, infrastructural, and methodological support; organizes different kinds support of investment projects, etc.

• JSC "SME Bank"

More information about support programs and conditions on the basis of which you can apply for state assistance in business development can be found on regional portals for small and medium-sized businesses. For example, the Ryazan portal provides detailed information on types, forms, and support infrastructure.

Subsidies for loan interest reimbursement

A business can count on compensation for the cost of paying interest on loans received from credit institutions for the support and development of activities, including the renewal of fixed assets (with the exception of loans received for the purchase of passenger vehicles).

The conditions for receiving a subsidy need to be clarified in the regions. For example, in Moscow they are as follows:

• the organization meets the criteria for an SME;
• the organization or individual entrepreneur is registered and operates in Moscow, and the duration of registration is at least 6 months before the date of filing an application for a subsidy;
• the period of overdue debt on taxes, fees and other obligatory payments on the day of filing the application does not exceed one month;
• there are no pending contracts for the provision of subsidies from the budget of the city of Moscow on the day of submission of the application;
• there are no violations of contractual obligations secured from the budget of the city of Moscow;
• there is a loan agreement with a credit organization included in the list of credit organizations selected in the prescribed manner by the joint-stock company "Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises", and which has concluded a cooperation agreement with the Department of Science, Industrial Policy and Entrepreneurship of the city of Moscow, or has received approval of the loan organizations for issuing a loan.

In 2019, the state will allocate 7.2 billion rubles to banks. for preferential loans for entrepreneurs, thus increasing budget subsidies for the soft loan program for small businesses in priority sectors by 11 times. This is provided for in the draft federal budget for 2019 and subsequent years 2020-2021. The total amount of expenses for the next 6 years will be 190.9 billion rubles.

The proposal is to issue loans to small and medium-sized businesses for projects in priority sectors at a rate of 6.5%. It will apply to such industries as agriculture, construction, transport, communications, tourism, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water production, healthcare, collection, processing and disposal of waste, industries in which priority areas for the development of science and technology are being implemented and technology.

According to the rules, the difference with market rates (3.1% under a loan agreement for medium-sized businesses and 3.5% for small businesses) is reimbursed to banks by the budget. In 2019, thanks to innovations, preferential lending will be provided in more than 200 billion rubles.

Small business support: changes in 2019

In the summer of 2018, the president signed a document that expands property support for small and medium-sized businesses. This law establishes the perpetual right to purchase leased state and municipal property and the possibility of using land plots when providing property support to SMEs.

Also, shortly before 2019, Government Resolution No. 1212 dated 10.10.2018 was presented. The document makes changes to the rules for providing subsidies from the federal budget to credit organizations to compensate for lost income on loans issued to SMEs at a preferential rate.

According to the document, the maximum loan amount issued to a SME for investment purposes at a preferential rate has been reduced from 1 billion rubles. up to 400 million rubles But the maximum amount of total loans that can be issued to one borrower remains 1 billion rubles. The changes were made to enable banks to provide loans to more SMEs.

In addition, it is important to mention Government Order No. 2586-r dated November 26, 2018, which talks about the draft federal law amending Art. 25 of the Federal Law “On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation”. This bill has been prepared for the implementation of the national project “Small and Medium Enterprises and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives,” which provides for increased access of SMEs to financial resources, including preferential financing.

When the bill is adopted, the guarantee support provided by SME Corporation JSC to SMEs will be expanded. This will affect companies operating in high-tech industries, startups, agricultural cooperatives, fast-growing innovative companies and SMEs implementing projects in the Far Eastern and North Caucasus federal districts and in single-industry towns.

There are special programs to help small businesses at both the federal and regional levels. What you need to do to get help from the state to launch your business project, where you need to go for this and what difficulties you will encounter - read about all this in our article.

You will learn:

• What assistance is provided to small and medium-sized businesses.
• What criteria must a small business meet to receive assistance from the government?
• How to get subsidies or grants for small business development.
• Which government agencies provide assistance to small businesses.
• What assistance will be provided to small businesses in 2018.

Why government assistance is necessary for small businesses

The state program is designed to help newcomers to small businesses at the stage of starting their business, to support them through providing subsidies. Of course, by issuing financial assistance, the state also pursues its own goals, because the government is also an interested party: the opening of small business projects improves the overall economic condition of the country.

State assistance in starting a small business aims to improve the quality level of goods from domestic producers. Thanks to the formation of new business projects in the production of goods, a competitive environment is created that helps improve the quality of the product, because any production is interested in good sales volumes, that is, constant demand for goods on the part of consumers.

There are also non-state programs for subsidizing small businesses, but it is better to turn to the authorities, because in this case there is an undoubted advantage for the entrepreneur - free of charge.

It is important to say that in different regions the amount of financial state support differs, since in each constituent entity of the Russian Federation the pricing policy for goods and services is individual.

The act that regulates the provision of subsidies is Federal Law No. 209 “On the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation.”

In addition, there are regional regulatory bodies responsible for providing government assistance to small businesses. A complete list of them can be found on the website of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation in the “Small Business” section: http://economy.gov.ru/minec/activity/sections/smallBusiness.

Why is it so important to provide government assistance to small businesses? Thanks to small and medium-sized business projects in the Russian Federation, more than 16 million citizens (which is a quarter of the total employed population) are provided with work. In addition, 20% of the gross domestic product comes from small and medium-sized enterprises. However, in the world this figure is almost 35%, so Russia still has something to strive for.

The role of small and medium-sized businesses in the country's economy is very large. Newly opening organizations:

• create additional jobs;
• create healthy competition in the market and adequate pricing of goods and services ;
• provide revenue to budgets of all levels;
• fill niches that large businesses cannot occupy (providing household services to the population, small wholesale, marketing).

However, there are some difficulties that arise when implementing small and medium-sized business projects, namely:

• unstable economic situation in the country;
• lack of necessary financial resources to open and develop a new business;
• high taxes and difficulties with accounting reporting;
• constantly changing legislation;
• lack of personnel(qualified specialists prefer to work for business “sharks”, ignoring small entrepreneurs);
• complexity of lending processes (not every bank wants to contact small businesses).

It is worth noting that even large-scale production cannot always withstand the above-mentioned difficulties, and even more so this applies to small and medium-sized enterprises. This is why government assistance to small businesses is so important.

A practitioner tells

State assistance at the stage of formation of small businesses

Lydia Tsarenko,

CEO Premium Telecom company, Moscow

Any newly created enterprise faces the problem of raising money. It is not always possible to take out a loan from a bank, because the bank wants the financial statements of the new organization to show profit in the first year of operation, or it requires collateral for property. Investors most often treat startups with some caution. In our case, the only way out of this situation was to contact the capital’s department of science, industrial policy and entrepreneurship, which provides free financial assistance to metropolitan businessmen.

We collected the necessary package of documents within a week, and a month after they were submitted, we were allocated the necessary amount of money. We used the bulk of the funds received as working capital, and spent the rest on attracting new employees. A few months later, we reported to the department for the allocated funds (such reporting is a mandatory condition for providing state assistance to small businesses). I would like to note that, despite the gratuitous nature of the subsidy, we still returned part of the amount to the city budget in the form of additional tax deductions from the growth of the company’s turnover and the creation of new jobs.

Thanks to the assistance provided by the state, we were able increase profits. A year later, we again turned to the department to receive funds for the development of an innovative software product aimed at optimizing the costs of our clients (first corporate, and later private) on mobile communications. We were again provided with financial assistance, and also provided office space for innovative developments in the Strogino technology park. Thanks to working there, we had access to information resources, various educational programs, and we were also able to meet with investors and representatives of venture capital funds.

We regularly monitor new opportunities within the framework of government assistance to small businesses, so as not to miss another chance to receive a subsidy. For example, last year we sent our employees for an internship at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The internship program was organized by the Foundation for the Promotion of Venture Investments in Small Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere of Moscow.

What forms of assistance to small and medium-sized businesses from the state exist?

1. Education.

Regional Entrepreneurship Development Funds organize various lectures, trainings, and meetings on business basics on their territory.

Anyone can attend the classes; to do this, you must register in advance. The lectures will be useful for beginning businessmen, where they will be told about the basic issues of planning and taxation, ways to expand their business and attract buyers.

1. Participation in exhibitions and fairs.

This direction is quite effective from the point of view of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in different regions our country. By placing products on free trading platforms, advertising costs are reduced, and the connections of a novice businessman are expanded and an opportunity arises to sell some of the goods.

1. Consultations with specialists.

Consulting takes place in employment centers, departments of the Federal Tax Service and business development funds. Here you can ask specialists questions regarding taxation, accounting, activity planning. Also, at such consultations you will be told about the possibilities of receiving other types of government assistance.

1. Preferential lending.

In accordance with Federal Law No. 209-FZ, an entrepreneur can receive a loan from the state. Such assistance to small businesses can be provided by SME Bank JSC, as well as partner banks and other organizations. Before contacting the bank directly, you need to become a small or medium-sized business and clearly decide on the type of service requested (decide what exactly you need: microloan, credit, leasing services, etc.). Then you need to apply to a regional partner bank or bring the required package of documents to the support infrastructure organization, which should be collected in accordance with the requirements specified by the credit institution.

After you submit the documents, the bank will check whether your company meets its selection criteria and make a decision on whether to issue a loan or not.

There are certain organizations that cannot receive government assistance to small businesses in the form of a loan, namely:

• insurance companies, investment and non-state pension funds, pawnshops, stock brokers;
• representatives of the gambling business;
• enterprises that sell or produce excisable goods specified in Article 181 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation;
• enterprises extracting minerals;
• non-residents of the Russian Federation.

1. Rental of premises and land.

A beginning entrepreneur can take temporary use of a plot of land or an office at a discounted price. From a financial point of view, this is much more profitable than buying a plot or premises from private individuals.

There are also business incubators, which are independent structures or part of technology parks (or centers at universities). They can accommodate an office on the territory allocated to you.

1. Subsidies.

It is this type of government assistance to small businesses that is most in demand.

A subsidy is free monetary assistance provided to a company. It can be used to expand production, purchase new equipment, and compensate for lost profits. Most often, subsidies are issued for opening a new promising business.

Subsidies are received on a competitive basis, and preference is given to projects that have the highest priority for the region. Most often, these are agricultural programs and the launch of production in villages and small towns, projects on housing and communal services, the development of innovative technologies, and so on.

How to get a subsidy from the state: a guide

Instructions on how to obtain financial support for business development were prepared by the editors of the Commercial Director magazine.

Main types of financial assistance to small businesses from the state

1. Grants, which are issued to startups. In 2015, the upper threshold of the grant amount reached only 300 thousand rubles, and by 2017 it increased to 500 thousand rubles. Any citizen who has been registered as a business entity for at least two years can take part in the grant draw. To receive this government assistance, small businesses must be selected on a competitive basis, and the winning subsidy can be spent exclusively on business needs. However, their list does not include rent of premises and salaries of employees. A low-income family with young children, the unemployed, former civil servants and military personnel, and families with disabled children can receive a grant.
2. Subsidies. For those business representatives who can provide jobs to citizens of the Russian Federation and contribute taxes to the country's budget, the state can issue a subsidy in the amount of 5 million rubles.

Small enterprises that operate in the social, economic, industrial or housing and communal services sectors can request such government assistance to small businesses. To do this, it is necessary to prepare all documents in accordance with the requirements of the commission, as well as draw up and defend a business plan.

1. Cash subsidies from the employment center for the development of small businesses for opening a private business.
2. Payment of loans or loans, which novice businessmen took before. In this case, state assistance to small businesses can reach 15 million rubles. To reduce the interest rate on the loan, the entrepreneur must provide everything Required documents, and also draw up a business plan. After these materials are studied, the commission will make a decision on whether to award payment to the small business owner.
3. Subsidy for small businesses for socially vulnerable segments of society, which include:

• disabled people;
• single parents raising minor children;
• released prisoners;
• graduates of orphanages;
• other categories of citizens.

In this case, state assistance to small businesses can amount to up to 1.5 million rubles.

1. Internship, retraining and training, which are paid from the state budget. All expenses will be reimbursed. If they go beyond the established limit, only a part can be covered.
2. Business incubators(most often they are opened under Small Business Support Funds), which provide budding entrepreneurs with offices, warehouses and other premises. In addition, business incubators teach the main aspects of running a small business and help with writing a business plan in accordance with established requirements.
3. Outsourcing- provision free services on accounting and tax support.
4. Encouraging the development of innovative technologies aimed at supporting innovative products. Licenses and patents are purchased from the budget treasury (the maximum amount of state assistance to small businesses in this case is 2.5 million rubles).

Federal financial assistance programs are supported by the Small Business Assistance Fund. Today there are the following options:

1. Program "Commercialization". Within its framework, the amount of government assistance to small businesses is negotiated with each start-up entrepreneur individually. Assistance involves expanding production and, as a result, increasing the number of jobs.
2. The Smart Guy program. Within its framework, any citizen 18-30 years old can apply for state assistance to small businesses in the amount of up to 1.5 million rubles. This program was created to support representatives of the entrepreneurial sphere in the field of innovative technologies.
3. Development program allows you to receive a grant in the amount of up to 15 million rubles. These funds are intended to provide the region with additional jobs, modernize equipment at the enterprise and increase labor productivity.
4. Internationalization program. In it, the amount of government financial assistance to small businesses has no upper threshold and is calculated individually for each project. The name speaks for itself - the program is designed to help establish cooperation with foreign partners (create products for export).
5. Start program designed to help budding innovators who engage in scientific and technological research and create innovative products. Within the framework of this program, public-private cooperation is practiced (part of the funds comes from third parties, and the rest from the government). Most often, government financial assistance to small businesses under this program is provided during the first year, and then investors provide financing. Any Start participant can receive a subsidy from the state in the amount of up to 5 million rubles, which will be paid to the entrepreneur in several stages. In this case, the total amount of financing is divided equally between private investors and the state.
6. Program "Cooperation" involves state assistance to small businesses in the amount of up to 20 million rubles. The money can be used to develop and establish cooperation between this enterprise and large Russian industrial corporations, expand the production base, and improve equipment.

Under what conditions is government financial assistance provided to small businesses?

A citizen registered with the employment center can receive government assistance to small businesses in the form of a subsidy for launching a project after writing the appropriate application. Next, you need to draw up a business plan and send it to a special committee for consideration. If the commission finds the business plan to comply with the standards, then the financial payment will be approved. Then the applicant is registered as an individual entrepreneur and receives from the Federal Tax Service the necessary documents, on the basis of which the payment of material resources will be made.

To receive government assistance to small businesses in the form of a subsidy for the development of an existing project, you must be the owner of an operating enterprise, registered as an individual entrepreneur or LLC. In this case, the type of property must be registered no more than 12 months before submitting the application. Other programs allow even companies that have been operating for more than a year to receive assistance, but not longer than two years. The priority activity of the enterprise for the region is a strong plus in the process of receiving government assistance to small businesses. If a company is engaged in activities that are not of particular importance for the region, then the state may refuse to provide it with a subsidy. The priority sectors of small business for your region can be viewed on the official website of the local territorial center for small business support.

The main condition after receiving a subsidy is the targeted spending of funds. That is, money can only be spent on those needs of the enterprise that were specified in a specific government assistance program for small businesses.

In 2018, government assistance to small businesses can be provided for:

• payment for materials necessary for organizing production processes;
• acquisition of equipment necessary for production;
• payment for patents, technologies, software or other intangible assets.

Most often, the terms for using funds are limited and usually amount to 1-2 years in the absence of additional conditions and any exceptions.

Almost all programs to provide government assistance to small businesses require the entrepreneur to contribute a certain amount of his own funds. That is, if a company asks for money from the government, it must invest at least 60% of the requested amount in its business. Each program contains its own conditions and establishes a certain percentage of the organization’s contribution to business development.

There are some restrictions on the payment of financial assistance, and in connection with them, some entrepreneurs may face a refusal of state assistance to small businesses. For example, the government cannot help companies that manufacture and sell alcohol and tobacco products, as well as organizations that use leased equipment.

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How to get help for small businesses from the state in the form of subsidies

To receive financial assistance from the state, small businesses must follow a certain algorithm of actions.

1. Make a business plan . If a novice entrepreneur intends to produce goods for socially disadvantaged segments of the population, this fact greatly increases his chances of receiving financial support from the government. When considering a business plan, the commission evaluates several parameters, which include:

• the amount of taxes that will be returned to the budget by the company;
• the number of new jobs that the company can provide;
• the importance and demand for a particular type of business in a given region.

1. Collect a package of documents, namely:

• an application describing the business project, as well as justifying its social importance (here you should indicate the objectives, methods of achieving the goal, stages of implementation, volumes of own and attracted funding, results);
• a copy of the company’s registration certificate, as well as its statutory documents;
• orders for the appointment of a director and chief accountant;
• other types of documents (copies of premises rental agreements, contracts with suppliers, licenses, patents, expert opinions and permits from regulatory authorities; certificate of absence of debts on taxes and budget payments; bank statement on the status of accounts).

1. Apply to a government agency or the SME Support Fund.
2. Make an approximate cost estimate for business development.

How to get a. The entire package of documents must be taken to the small and medium-sized business support center or submitted through a special electronic form on the organization’s official website. Within 60 days from the date of filing the application, the commission must consider it and invite a businessman to defend his project. Based on the results of the defense, a positive or negative decision is made on government assistance to small businesses within 7 days. The results are communicated to the entrepreneur by mail or telephone.

How to report. The use of funds must be explained within one calendar year. It is necessary to provide not only the originals of cash and sales receipts, but also their copies. Also, the package of documents should include invoices, invoices, lease agreements (with a notary’s seal), a book of income and expenses, and so on. If it is impossible to document any expense item, the commission will require the businessman to return the funds in full. Subsidies are not subject to taxes.

How to get help for small businesses from the government in the form of grants

Grants can be allocated to both new entrepreneurs who are just about to launch their business project, and those whose companies have been operating for no more than two years at the time of applying for a grant. Each region has its own list of categories of entrepreneurs who have the right to apply for government assistance to small businesses in the form of a grant. You can find out all the necessary information on the website of the business support center of the region in which the organization is registered.

The most preferred directions are:

• science and innovation - 30%;
• socially significant services - 30%;
• manufacturing and agriculture - 20%;
• trade - 12%.

How much can you get? Businessmen who have been doing their business for no more than one year can receive 300 thousand rubles. At the same time, Moscow, Samara and Perm are ready to allocate up to 500 thousand rubles. These funds can be used to pay from 30 to 50% of business expenses (the exact amount depends on conditions in a particular region). The remaining funds must be found by the businessman himself.

Those who have officially registered the status of an unemployed citizen can count on a payment of 58.8 thousand rubles, which will be used to open their own business. If an entrepreneur officially employs people, he can receive the above amount for each person.

What to prepare. An entrepreneur needs:

• register entity or individual entrepreneur;
• study the basics of entrepreneurship at the regional Small and Medium Business Support Fund (if a businessman has a diploma of higher economic education, then there is no need to undergo training);
• write an application to the regional entrepreneurship support center to receive financial assistance (its form can be downloaded on the center’s website and sent by mail or leave an application on the website itself);
• defend a business plan before a commission in a regional center;
• obtain unemployed status at a local employment center;
• present documents to the local employment center.

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To develop your business, you need to collect the necessary package of documents that will confirm the company’s compliance with regional requirements for small and medium-sized businesses. These conditions apply to:

• number of jobs;
• registration of a legal entity;
• the amount of annual revenue and so on.

Basic requirements are reflected in federal law No. 209-FZ. They can be found on the websites of regional entrepreneurship support centers. A businessman must also:

• document the absence of other financial assistance (from other sources) by providing a certificate from the business support center;
• present documents on registration of a legal entity, constituent documents, a copy of an extract from the register of small enterprises, bank statements of accounts, a business plan, and so on;
• prove the cleanliness of your credit history by providing a certificate from the National Credit History Bureau.

How to get a. You can leave an application electronically on the website of the administration (local or regional) or on the portal of the regional Small and Medium Business Support Fund. The application will be reviewed within three days. If all necessary documents collected and meet the requirements, the commission will inform about approval or refusal to provide grant assistance within three months.

Each application is assessed according to the point system adopted in a particular region. An overall rating of applications is compiled, and then the commission members vote. Grants are allocated to those projects that receive the majority of votes.

To report, you need not only to draw up the report itself, but also to prepare documents confirming the intended use of funds (sales and cash receipts, invoices, invoices, and so on). In case of failure to provide reports or misuse of funds, you will be required to return the money. You may also be forced to return the balance if you have not spent everything during the calendar year.

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Where can you get help from the government for small business development?

The subsidy is primarily a targeted payment from the local or federal budget. This type financial assistance is not a loan or credit, and therefore the subsidy does not need to be repaid to the state. Thus, it is characterized:

• gratuitousness;
• irrevocability;
• target direction.

1. Employment center.

Only unemployed citizens can receive a subsidy for the development of small businesses. To do this, you need to perform several successive steps.

Step 1. Registration with the Employment Center.

If you have not officially registered your unemployed status, then you need to collect a package of documents and submit it to the Employment Center. You will need:

• identification document;
• document confirming education;
• work book (if available);
• Sberbank card number;
• SNILS;
• military ID (men).

Then you will need to write two applications (about receiving unemployment benefits and about your intention to carry out small business activities), as well as answer several questions in the questionnaire.

Step 2. Drawing up a business plan.

After receiving the status of an unemployed citizen, you need to write a business plan. This stage is very important, since the commission’s decision on whether to provide state assistance to small businesses or to refuse to provide a subsidy will depend on it. Your business plan should be interesting and inspire confidence among the management of the Employment Center. Approach its preparation as responsibly as possible. To do this, pay special attention to:

• additional jobs. If new people will be employed as part of your business project, be sure to indicate this. Under this condition, the chances of receiving government assistance for small businesses greatly increase;
• the social importance of your business activity. Describe in as much detail as possible the usefulness of your business for the region. It is worth noting that the chances are higher for manufacturing projects and the service sector;
• own investments. The more personal finances you invest in your project, the greater your chances of receiving government assistance for small businesses. To consider an application, you must invest at least 50% of your own funds from the requested amount;
• targeted use of government subsidies for small businesses. As mentioned earlier, the purposes for which the funds are planned to be distributed are subject to the closest scrutiny. Describe in as much detail as possible all expected expense items. The commission should immediately see what you plan to spend the money provided by the state on.

Step 3. Protecting the business plan.

A detailed business plan must be submitted to the Employment Center. If approved, you will be invited to sign an agreement on providing government assistance to small businesses in the form of a subsidy. After this, you can begin registering an individual entrepreneur or LLC.

Step 4. Registration of an LLC or individual entrepreneur.

On last stage You must register your business with the Federal Tax Service.

If an unemployed citizen is unable to find a job at the Employment Center, the government will provide him with financial support. For example, in Moscow, an entrepreneur can receive a subsidy of up to 10.2 thousand rubles. for registration of a legal entity, individual entrepreneur, farming or peasant farm. In this case, money is paid only after confirmation of expenses.

1. Local government bodies.

The employment center provides small businesses with very little support, which will not help greatly in developing the company. Therefore, try to find additional sources of funding.

If your business involves significant expenses, then ask local governments for help. What is needed for this?

The list of documents for receiving assistance is the same as when applying to the Employment Center, only the package of papers in this case must be taken to the small business development department. Local authorities can provide more impressive financial assistance, which leads to a large number of those who want to receive it. Therefore, your main task is to arouse interest in your project and convince the authorities of the usefulness of your business for the region. If money is allocated, you will be required to report on its expenditure on a monthly basis. If you are late in submitting your report or spent the money for other purposes, you will be required to return it.

In addition, you will need to return the money that you did not spend during the first year. Due to the circumstances described above, it is extremely important to have documentary evidence of all targeted expenses in the annual report.

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A practitioner tells

Some don’t know where to turn, others have had bad experiences communicating with government agencies

Olga Kosets,

owner of the Sofiano clothing factory, president of the interregional public organization « Business people»

Many Russian businessmen do not try to get help from the state at all. Some simply don’t know where to turn, while others don’t want to do it because of past bad experiences. Here's my advice to businessmen: go straight to the regional entrepreneurship support centers. There you can get all the information for free about the available government assistance programs for small businesses and the conditions for participating in them. The government will provide you with both advisory assistance and financial support. Of course, you shouldn’t hope for large sums, but at least some problems can be solved using budget funds.

Last year, I contacted the Entrepreneurship Support Center of the Krasnodar Territory - the place of registration of my garment factory. I was hoping to get a soft loan, but for some formal reasons I was not able to. The Center received an offer to participate in the program for reimbursement of costs for legal registration trademark. I agreed, and the government paid for the extension of Sofiano. Thanks to the assistance of the Department of Investment and Development of Small and Medium Enterprises of the Krasnodar Territory, I am preparing documents to receive a loan at a reduced interest rate from the Industrial Development Fund. For me this question is important, since I plan to spend this money on organizing the first industry coworking space.

What kind of government assistance will be provided to small businesses in 2018?

State assistance for opening small businesses in 2018 involves the allocation of subsidies for social entrepreneurship. It is also planned to abolish the capital share limit for foreign investors at 49% and eliminate the link between individual entrepreneur contributions and the minimum wage, so that the burden on business does not increase following changes in the minimum wage. In addition, work will continue aimed at developing infrastructure for business and expanding entrepreneurs’ access to financial resources.

1. Financial support

Preferential loans. The SME Corporation, together with the Ministry of Economic Development and the Central Bank, is implementing two preferential lending programs for small and medium-sized businesses:

• “Program 6.5” - a loan in the amount of 10 million to 1 billion rubles. for a period of up to three years. The priority sectors are agriculture, manufacturing food products, primary and subsequent processing of agricultural products, production and distribution of electricity, gas and water, construction, transport and communications, domestic tourism, high-tech projects.
• “Program 674” (addition to the first program) - a loan in the amount of 5 million to 1 billion rubles, term - up to five years. The priority areas are investment projects, construction, modernization of capital construction projects. The interest rate on preferential lending programs for medium-sized businesses is 9.6%, for small businesses - 10.6%.

To receive a preferential loan, you can contact the program’s partner bank (there are 45 of them). If the loan amount does not exceed 200 million rubles, then the application will be considered by any of them, if more - by the SME corporation. WITH detailed information information about partner banks, requirements and conditions for granting a loan can be found on the Corporation’s website (section “Banks and credit institutions”).

Microloans. In addition to credit (for example, if there is no credit history or locality located far away), the company can apply for a microloan from a regional microfinance organization. Here you can get a loan of up to 3 million rubles. for a period of up to 36 months. The conditions and procedure for obtaining microloans are posted on the official websites of regional microfinance funds, for example www.mofmicro.ru.

Departmental and regional programs. Depending on the field of activity of the company, businessmen can seek help from the relevant ministry at the place of registration. Thus, until 2020, the Ministry of Agriculture is implementing the “Beginner Farmer” program, within the framework of which novice farmers are given grants for the creation and development of peasant farms (up to 3 million rubles for cattle breeding and up to 1.5 million rubles for other areas) .

Each region has its own programs to support small and medium-sized businesses. Thus, the administration of Veliky Novgorod is implementing the municipal program “Development of Small and Medium Enterprises” for 2017-2023. To clarify current programs, you should visit the website of the regional administration.

State and municipal guarantees. Each region has a credit assistance fund, which guarantees the entrepreneur for credit, borrowing and leasing in case of insufficient collateral. To receive the service, you need to come to the partner bank, which will send the application and all the necessary documents to the guarantee fund. The decision will be received within three working days from the date of submission of the application. If the answer is positive, a tripartite guarantee agreement will be concluded, and the organization will receive funding. For example, the conditions and list of partner banks in Moscow can be viewed on the capital’s website of the Credit Promotion Fund.

1. Property support.

Business incubators and technology parks. As mentioned above, business incubators provide space at discounted prices. For example, the monthly rental cost in a business incubator in St. Petersburg is 239 rubles. 25 kopecks per sq. m in the first year, 382 rubles. 80 kop. per sq. m in the second year.

Leasing. Preferential leasing implies the provision of equipment for rent at a rate of 6% per annum (for Russian equipment) or 8% per annum (for foreign equipment). Amount of financing - 5-200 million rubles. The terms of the program and the participant form can be found on the SME Corporation website (section “Financial Support”).

1. Information support.

Business information exchange networks. The Chamber of Commerce and Industry has developed a special electronic platform “Success Navigator”, where entrepreneurs can obtain free information about taxes, changes in legislation, marketing, and so on. To do this, you need to follow the link www.tpprf.ru/ru/business_development and look at the archive of information on the issue of interest.

The platform provides the opportunity to subscribe. Then the person will receive recommendations twice a week, reminders about submitting reporting documents and paying taxes, and so on. The letters in the mailing list also contain a reporting form, into which the businessman simply enters his data and receives a ready-made document.

Exhibitions, fairs, forums. Up to 90% of businessmen’s expenses for participation in such events can be paid by the state. The subsidy is calculated after. For assistance and advice, you can contact the regional entrepreneurship support center.

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A practitioner tells

Centers will open in 40 regions to provide assistance to small businesses

Elena Lashkina,

Assistant Secretary of Economic Development

By February 1, 2018, on behalf of the Government of the Russian Federation, at least 40 regional centers were opened to provide services for small and medium-sized businesses. They will work on the one-window principle. In such a center it will be possible to register a legal entity, register real estate in the cadastral register, and obtain a license to sell alcoholic beverages.

At the end of 2017 - beginning of 2018, the Ministry of Economic Development will launch an online platform that will combine on one platform offers of educational, financial, government and b2b services for beginning and existing entrepreneurs. The portal will give people the opportunity to take online courses and webinars with experts. Training will be carried out on paid and free programs, and upon completion of some of them it will be possible to purchase a state certificate. So that entrepreneurs can consolidate their acquired knowledge, special interactive tools will be created for them in the form of interactive simulators, business cases and business games. In addition, the site will contain step by step instructions who will tell you how to open your own business.

Information about the experts

Lydia Tsarenko, General Director of Premium Telecom, Moscow. "Premium Telecom". Field of activity: communication services, software development for mobile devices.

Olga Kosets, owner of the Sofiano clothing factory, president of the interregional public organization “Business People”. "Sofiano" founded in 1995. The main activities are sewing production and sales of products under the same brand. Staff - 60 people. Annual turnover - 5 million rubles.

Elena Lashkina graduated from Tashkent State Technical University. She worked as an assistant - press secretary to the Minister of Communications and Mass Communications Igor Shchegolev, head of the department for work with government organizations in Russia and the CIS countries of the NVision Group. Since 2013 - in current position.

Entrepreneurship is a rather complex and labor-intensive way of making money. A person who runs a business has to solve problems of various kinds. They may be related to issues of a technical, everyday, social and financial nature.

It is a well-known fact that private business requires investment, especially at the formation stage. One of the tasks of a person who deals entrepreneurial activity, is searching and attracting financing for your business.

Potential recipient

People who are currently unemployed can count on receiving a grant. Moreover, this status must be officially confirmed, that is, the person must be registered with the employment center.

What is the difference between a grant and a subsidy?

A grant differs from a subsidy in that they have different sizes and are given out by different structures. Typically, the subsidy goes to the entrepreneur entirely, and the grant - in several stages or, in other words, in tranches. If funding comes from a fund, then the entrepreneur will need to submit reports on what purposes the money was spent on.

The organization that finances the entrepreneur can itself purchase the necessary goods. The grant can be issued several times if the company that received it is well established and has positive development indicators. If the use of funds does not bring any results, then, most likely, the next financing will be denied.

Grants can be provided by the government or private organizations. The funding focus of public and private foundations differs.

Government funding

The state is aimed at social support of the population, so grants are received by:

1. Unemployed citizens whose status has been confirmed at the labor exchange.
2. Young people who have graduated from a higher educational institution.
3. People who have .
4. Military personnel with retiree status.

There are certain areas that are developing in a particular region. For example, in one region agriculture is developing, while in another the priority area will be business related to supporting new technologies. It will be easier for those organizations whose activities are related to the priority areas of the region to receive a grant.

Another factor that influences the choice is long-term project. The state is interested in the company developing and paying taxes. Therefore, to receive a grant, it is necessary to prepare a calculation that will show that this project will be successful and in a couple of years will return the funds invested in it in taxes.

Also, a positive aspect for receiving a grant in 2018 will be the provision of jobs to unemployed segments of the population. It would be welcome if their quantity is at least five.

gratuitous help

Free assistance is provided private foundations. They can be domestic or foreign. The scope of their funding extends to companies and organizations whose activities are related to culture, economics and ecology. Projects related to scientific research and the development of any innovations also attract the attention of such funds.

As a rule, these funds give preference to already proven organizations that have experience in effectively using funds.

Before submitting an application for a grant to a private foundation, it is recommended to prepare, namely, to clarify which companies have already been funded, whether these entrepreneurs have received grants before, and if so, in what quantity.

If possible, arrange a meeting with the grant winners. Ask them about the features of the project, what to emphasize, in what form to make the presentation and other points that can have a positive impact on receiving funds.

There are general requirements for grants, but private foundations can set their own conditions. For example, when issuing a grant for the implementation of a project related to agriculture, there may be restrictions on the area of ​​land use.

From banks

In addition to funds, banks issue grants; they determine the conditions for receiving them and the amount. As a rule, banks compensate part of the money spent from the implementation of a project for the customer. The bank may also stipulate which regions can participate in the competition, the number of company employees, income and other requirements.

As a rule, if an entrepreneur meets the bank’s requirements, he submits an application, and if it is approved, he carries out actions aimed at implementing the customer’s project. Next, you need to provide reporting on the funds spent and receive compensation for the completed project.

Exceptions and deadlines

State grants are received by novice specialists or socially disadvantaged sections of society. Private foundations focus on science and new technologies. However, there are exceptions.

Grant application deadlines vary depending on the fund and nomination. As a rule, the deadlines are indicated along with a list of necessary conditions for receiving a grant. There are cases when they can be extended.

The main deadline limit for 2018 is end of July. But there are also grants that you should apply for. until February or Martha.

There are certain deadlines for reviewing applications; they are two months. But there are cases when an application can be considered for about a year.

Possible compensation

Entrepreneurs should know that the funds allocated by the fund must be spent for their intended purpose. It will not be possible to purchase items that can be used for personal purposes, such as a car or interior items.

The money can be spent on purchasing equipment that will be used in production. The purchase of raw materials or supplies is also welcome. You can include long-term rental of real estate. Compensation wages people who work in this company are not paid by government grants, and foreign investment funds consider these expenses acceptable.

If an entrepreneur is ready to participate in co-financing his project, then this will be a plus for making a positive decision on issuing a grant in his direction. The more an entrepreneur is willing to contribute to a project, the higher his chance of receiving a grant. The amount of project co-financing varies from 15 to 50%.

Conditions for receiving

In addition to the standard requirements that a candidate for a grant must meet, foundations may put forward additional conditions. TO mandatory conditions relate following criteria:

1. Completion of courses in the basics of entrepreneurship by the candidate.
2. Providing jobs for people who are not employed labor activity. This condition may be mandatory when receiving a government grant.
3. Documented evidence that you have not previously received any financial assistance.
4. A certain annual turnover of the company.
5. Provide reports on the absence of any debts to the tax authorities.
6. Requirements related to age, education received and work experience in a certain field must be met.
7. The business must be registered in a certain region. As mentioned above, there are differences between regions in the allocation of funds in one area or another.

In addition to production and business projects, funds can be allocated for the implementation political projects, whose activities are aimed at improving the quality of life of the population.

1. Educational projects aimed at working with schoolchildren and students.
2. Cultural and educational activities.
3. Rehabilitation of drug addicts and alcoholics in society after treatment.
4. Activities related to employing the unemployed population.
5. Helping people who have suffered from any natural disasters or military actions.

Required documents for application

There is a basic list of documents that are needed to apply for a grant. Each fund may also put forward additional requirements.

1. Business project.
2. Passport of the entrepreneur who will appear as the applicant.
3. Completed application for participation.
4. A special letter that should reflect the strengths of the project, namely its uniqueness, relevance and necessity.

The application must contain information about the company’s existing problem and a description of how to solve it. The financial part must also be spelled out, namely, where the funds are planned to be spent, possible risks and ways to resolve them are described. The application form is determined by the fund.

Sample business plan

Exists standard business plan sample, which is suitable for a grant.

Errors when completing an application

Exists several errors, due to which the entrepreneur may not receive a grant.

1. If you specify the maximum possible amount of financing for the project.
2. There are few jobs that the entrepreneur plans to provide.
3. You should not indicate that the company needs a car.
4. It is imperative to indicate the exact expenditure of funds in the business project.
5. It is necessary to provide information about the company's suppliers and partners.
6. A business project must be voluminous.
7. You should indicate how much taxes will be paid.
8. The project must contain information about the competitiveness of the product or service.
9. It is mandatory to provide information about the effectiveness of the project.
10. The design of a business project must be at a high level.

You should comply with reporting requirements, as well as be interested in the most effective ways to use funds in the fund, you need to be in touch with it. If an entrepreneur “makes friends” with the fund, he will have the opportunity to receive other material support.

You can find out how to get money from the state for the development of individual entrepreneurs in this video.