The water cycle in nature: an experiment for children. The water cycle in nature - The world around us

A fairy tale about the adventure of a small drop and we conduct an experiment about the movement of water in nature

SCIENTIFIC EXPERIENCE FOR CHILDREN "WATER CYCLE IN A BAG"

1. We will need one ziplock bag, water, food coloring of blue color, extra hands and a little imagination.

2. Tint a small amount of water by adding 4-5 drops of blue food coloring.

3. To make it more realistic, you can draw clouds and waves on the bag, and then fill it with colored water.

4. Afterwards, you need to seal the bag tightly and stick it to the window using adhesive tape. You will have to wait a bit for the results, but it will be worth it. Now you have your own weather in your home. And your children will be able to watch the rain pour directly into the small sea.

Unmasking the trick

Since the Earth has a limited amount of water, there is such a phenomenon as the water cycle in nature. Under the warm sunlight the water in the bag evaporates, turning into steam. Cooling at the top, it again takes on a liquid form and falls as precipitation. This phenomenon can be observed in the package for several days. In nature this phenomenon is endless

Water. This is the most main element nature. There is nothing more meditative than the sound of a wave hitting the shore, creating a unique melody, while the soft ripples add integrity to the picture.

The possibilities for waterscapes are endless. But without tools it is impossible to understand. We are faced with many questions about how we propose to draw it. We put the ripples of the waves, the reflection of the sun, the blue of the clouds on the canvas with a brush in order to capture it all in the picture.

Preparatory stage

How to draw water? Not everyone can organize a plein air on site. And not everyone knows how to draw water. That's why we use photographs, but we need to be aware of the limitations of their use. One of these disadvantages is that they flatten the idea of measurement. You can't see what's behind the object. If you didn't take the photo, you need to take action additional steps to “connect” to the scene. You need to mentally imagine walking through this area. Do your research: look at photos from different angles. Feel the textures, feel the wind on your face or the water at your feet.

What needs to be taken into account when creating a picture, how to draw water?

From this article you will learn about the lake and the sea.

What you will need:

paper;
hard pencil (HB);
medium soft pencil (2B);
soft pencil(5B or lower);
sharpener;
eraser.

Drawing water close-up

Prepare some object. Water reveals itself by what is reflected in it.

Using a hard pencil, draw the outline of the reflection.

Draw a wavy pattern underneath the object. Remember that the farther the waves are, the closer they should be to each other.

The waves intersect with each other, creating circles. They need to be shaded with a simple pencil.

Cross the white areas between the thick line shapes.

Take a soft pencil and press firmly to darken parts of the shapes. If the subject is bright, darken the details outside of its reflection. If your subject is dark, darken the parts within its reflection.

Take a soft pencil and fill in the areas between the dark shapes.

Use the same pencil to highlight some of the shadows in the reflection. If you use the swan version, you must also add a shadow under the tail.

Take a soft pencil and use it to highlight certain parts of the subject.

Drawing a lake, sea

Of course, first you need something that will reflect on the water.

It is very important to use the correct perspective for reflection.

Use a pencil to sketch.

Take a soft pencil and draw waves under the dark objects.

The sky is very bright, so it doesn't need to be reflected.

Press even harder when painting close to the shore to make the boundary between water and land more visible.

Drawing a waterfall

A waterfall is water flowing down. So we need to create a background for it first. A rock would be ideal for this purpose.

Use a hard pencil so that the shadows of the land under the water appear very subtly on the surface of the water.

Use the same pencil to draw streams of water flowing down. If necessary, use the eraser to lighten a few shaded details. In the "vertical" parts, don't draw flows like simple lines, and create V-shaped drains from them downwards.

Shade the “cave” under the waterfall by filling the space between the streams. To do this, use a soft pencil.

Make the rims of the rock shelves shine by highlighting the flow parts on them.

Emphasize the flow by shading some parts of it. Make sure that the V and rotated V-shaped flows are clearly visible in the painting under running water.

Take a soft pencil and highlight some parts of the flow, especially in the shadows and near dark objects that may be reflected by the water.

Take a hard pencil and draw the foam of the waterfall.

Draw the direction of the water moving from the center point.

Draw and "fill in" the water in this area using soft pencils.

Use a clean eraser to add shine in the brightest areas. This will highlight any of your paintings.

You can try your hand at drawing a “Save Water” poster.

Try to reflect all the beauty of water in your poster. Find the idea you want to convey.

Don't know how to draw "Save water"?

Here are ideas that can be reflected:

careful attitude to water and its economical use;
protection against contamination.

It is worth thinking about all these values and capturing them on the “Save Water” poster. Depict what is close to you in spirit, then the result will be excellent.

How to draw the water cycle in nature

We depict the sky, water, earth and mountains on a piece of paper. We supplement with clouds and clouds. We paint raindrops with blue paint. Add a bright yellow sun. We use light wavy arrows pointing upward to represent evaporation. From them we will begin to draw a diagram of the water cycle in nature. The water evaporates and turns into clouds. We depict this using a rounded arrow. The steam then turns into droplets and falls as precipitation on the ground. We depict it with an arrow. Water from the mountains flows into reservoirs, and the process repeats. That's why it was called the water cycle in nature.

In nature, this is a continuous process of constant movement of water on Earth. It consists of water evaporation, condensation, precipitation and water transfer in rivers and other bodies of water, and then evaporation again. And so the whole cycle begins all over again.

Without the water cycle, there would be no snow in nature, rivers would dry up over time, and all life on Earth would suffer from dehydration. And it is quite obvious that one day you may ask about any process related to water. So that such a question does not take you by surprise, play ahead and tell your child about the water cycle in nature and take them home with a package that will clearly show how it all works.

Such a visual device will also be an excellent assistant for a schoolchild to consolidate his knowledge or simply an interesting and useful entertainment for children who love experiments. But before moving on to the experiment, tell your child about each of the stages of the water cycle in nature, then it will be even easier to understand what is happening in the bag.

The water cycle in nature: a picture hint for children

- incredible natural resource, which covers 70% of the Earth's surface and is necessary for the life of all living things. It is the only substance that is present in three physical states - gas (water vapor), liquid (water) and solid(snow, ice). Most other substances have only one natural state.

During the full cycle of the natural cycle, the state of water is constantly changing, absorbing or releasing thermal energy. So, water goes through four stages in the cycle:

Evaporation- a process when water on the surface, when heated, turns into steam and goes into the air. It happens wherever there is water: on the surface of the ocean, rivers or lakes, when we or animals sweat, and when dew appears on plants. Warm water evaporates faster and you can check this by boiling water on the stove. But even when we don't see vapor, evaporation still occurs, but much more slowly.

Condensation. When water vapor in the air rises and reaches the upper atmosphere, the cold temperature causes it to release heat and turn back into liquid. These small droplets of water hang on dust particles in the air to form clouds.

Precipitation. Water droplets in clouds also collide and condense together, and then they become larger and heavier. If the falling speed of water drops exceeds the rising speed and they do not have time to evaporate, then they fall as precipitation in the form of rain, sleet, snow or hail.

Water transfer. In the form of precipitation, water returns to the Earth's surface. Some of the water flows down and ends up in the sea, lakes or rivers. The other soaks into the ground and becomes groundwater, which feeds plants or passes through the soil to reach the ocean. Another part of the water is reached and absorbed by animals. From here the water cycle begins again.

Water cycle in nature: na great experiment in a package

Step-by-step instructions on how to conduct an experiment with children that will clearly show all the stages of the water cycle in nature. This The child can spend both at school and at home.

To conduct the “Water Cycle in Nature” experiment, you will need:

ziplock bag;
colored markers;
water;
blue (optional);
scotch.

Step-by-step instructions on how to conduct the “Water cycle in nature” experiment

Heat the water until steam forms, but do not bring it to a boil.
Add blue dye to the water to create “ocean water.”
Pour into the bag and zip it up.
Hang the bag vertically on a window or door using tape. The main thing is to fix it well.
When the water begins to evaporate, the child will see condensation begin to collect at the top of the bag.
After some time, droplets of water will appear inside the bag. When they become very large and heavy, they will eventually slide down. This is the stage of returning water back to the sea.
If the water is still warm or if the bag is hanging on the sunny side, the water cycle in it will continue to cycle.

The properties of water can influence our environment, so knowledge and experiments related to it are very useful. Thanks to such a simple visual child will be able to see and understand for himself how the water cycle occurs in nature using the example of a small bag of liquid.

In the Earth's biosphere, water masses constantly move, forming a closed cycle. This process is called the water cycle in nature, the diagram of which is often found in natural science textbooks. If you need to write a report on the topic “Hydrological cycle in nature,” then this material will be useful to you and will help you gain a deeper understanding of nature and its properties.

In contact with

Basic Concepts

Hydrological cycle is a process of regular movement of liquid in space, and its study has made it possible to understand the mechanism of action: energy acts on the surface of the earth and ocean, moisture, heating, is converted into steam, the molecules of which rise into the atmosphere and are concentrated in the form of clouds. When entering areas with cold temperatures, molecules condense and fall down as precipitation. So, under the influence of solar energy and cooling, the process is repeated endlessly.

Main stages and processes

How does the water cycle occur in nature? The complete hydrological cycle includes several important stages:

evaporation;
steam condensation in atmospheric layers;
its fall in the form of precipitation on the ground;
filtration through soil;
liquid entering underground streams;
absorption of liquid from the soil by plants;
participation in biochemical reactions of living organisms.

The stages of the cycle are sometimes reduced to a minimum:

water evaporates;
concentrates in atmospheric layers;
precipitates as a liquid, solid or vapor substance.

Such a gyre often occurs over the surface of a large body of water, such as an ocean. The hydrological cycle is circular- this means that all stages are constantly repeated, thus ensuring the continuous movement of liquid in nature.

It is also characterized by the following processes:

precipitation is the precipitation of water on the ground in the form of rain, snow, hail and fog;
Sediment interception is the process of precipitation falling not into the soil or water bodies, but onto trees and other plants. Such moisture immediately evaporates without getting into the soil;
Runoff is the way water moves across the land;
infiltration is the entry of liquid into the soil and its filtration;
underground streams are streams underground that are located in the aeration zone;
evaporation of water is the transition of molecules from a liquid to a vapor state;
sublimation - the transition of molecules from a solid state to a vapor state;
deposition - the transition of molecules from a vapor state to a solid state;
advection is the movement of water molecules (in any state) through;
condensation - the formation of steam into clouds;
evaporation - the movement of vapor under the influence of solar energy from soil and plants into the atmosphere;
percolation - movement of water through the soil under the influence of...

Hydrological cycle- This is a complex process that takes from several days to several years. The ocean is completely renewed in 3200 years - this means that all the water in it evaporates and returns back within the same period.

Interesting! If all the water that evaporates annually is distributed in an even layer over the entire surface, you will get a layer one meter thick!

Hydrological cycle

Types of cycles

Scientists divide the hydrological cycle into several types, according to their scale and territory. There are 5 main types:

The global water cycle - liquid from the oceans evaporates and falls in the form of precipitation over continental land, and later returns to the ocean with the help of rivers and drains;
Small - liquid from the surface of the sea, evaporated under the influence of the sun, returns back as precipitation;
Inland cycle - occurs only over land;
The geological cycle takes place inland, when the ocean communicates with underground streams;
Global – open, including all types of cycles.

How does the water cycle occur in nature and what are the features of each cycle. This is unique a natural phenomenon, thanks to which all life on Earth has access to nutrients.

Interesting! Over the course of a year, up to 520,000 liquids evaporate from the Earth's surface and fall back in the form of precipitation.

World cycle in nature

Meaning

Why know hydrological cycle and its operating principles are really important? The importance of the cycle in nature is difficult to underestimate, because it:

is a connecting link for the entire hydrosphere;
vital substances are constantly moving around the Earth, reaching the right places, nourish the soil, plants and microorganisms;
cleans and filters the world's oceans;
regulates the climate.

Irrational use of water can lead to problems hydrological cycle and cause irreparable consequences for the entire Earth and its inhabitants.

How to explain this concept to children

It is easy to explain for children using simple concepts or presenting everything in the form of a fairy tale. You can show them a simple schematic drawing and tell them in an accessible way about each process depicted:

The water we drink is also consumed by plants and animals, because it contains many useful substances;
Water lives in the ocean and rivers, as well as underground;
The sun warms the ocean very much, and it begins to get angry. When the water in the kettle sits on the fire for a long time, it also gets angry and comes out through the spout. So part of the liquid in the ocean turns into steam;
In the sky, the steam feels lonely and huddles together. And the result is clouds and clouds that fly over the earth, driven by the wind;
The sun does not warm at night, so the steam stops being angry and turns back into liquid, which falls from the cloud onto the ground, where it replenishes the rivers flowing into the ocean;
Everything repeats itself from the beginning.

Conclusion

When explaining the water cycle in nature to children, do not forget about visual aids and use a boiling kettle, ice cubes and steam. The most important thing is to show that liquid is an important resource and must be treated with care. As a result, to understand whether children have learned the lesson or not, it is worth asking them the question “What is the water cycle in the world?” and listen to their answers. If you explained everything well, you will get the correct answer.

This is the process by which water continuously moves between geographical areas, moving from one state of aggregation to another. Without it, the growth of plants and the existence of life in the form we are familiar with are impossible.

Almost all (about 97%) of the Earth's water is contained in. A small amount of water is locked in glaciers.

Diagram of the water cycle in nature

To simplify the understanding of the water cycle in nature, it is divided into four main stages, shown in the diagram above.

Stage No. 1 - Evaporation

Fog over the water

The hydrological cycle begins in the ocean, where heat from the sun turns seawater into steam. Steam is tiny droplets of water that float in the air. This process is called evaporation. The evaporation of water from other bodies of water and plants due to heat also affects global process water cycle around the world.

Stage No. 2 - Condensation

Clouds

Water vapor rises into the sky, and as the temperature of the air decreases with altitude, it condenses. So, which we often see in the sky.

Stage No. 3 - Precipitation

Rain

The wind pushes clouds across the sky, and when they can no longer hold the accumulated moisture, precipitation falls in the form of rain or snow.

Stage No. 4 - Accumulation

The water that falls to the ground from the clouds allows plants to grow and gives us drinking water. Most of water flows into lakes and rivers and flows back into the ocean. Then the process of the water cycle in nature begins again.

Water cycle at home

One of the best ways learn about the water cycle - see it in action. The demonstration can show all four stages of the hydrological cycle: evaporation, condensation, precipitation and accumulation. Although we see some stages of the water cycle in our Everyday life, demonstrating this process in a container provides it better understanding. The experience will be interesting not only for schoolchildren, it will also captivate preschool children.

Below is a simple way to create an artificial water cycle at home.

Take a large plastic container and fill it 1/4 full hot water. (Hot water is not essential, but it does promote rapid evaporation.) Add a few teaspoons of salt to simulate the salinity of the oceans. Place another smaller container inside the larger container of water. Position the smaller one so that it is higher than the surrounding salty water, and remained empty. This container will eventually collect sediment.

Cover the container tightly with transparent film. The film plays the role of clouds floating above the Earth, and creates a place for condensation to collect. Place a few ice cubes on top of the film. The ice cools the “clouds”, making it easier for the evaporated water to condense.

Wait for the ice to melt. The amount of waiting time depends on how hot water was at the beginning of the experiment, as well as the room temperature. This may take from a few minutes to an hour. After a while you should see condensation under the film. Then precipitation will begin. Through the clear sides of the container, you will be able to see tiny condensed “raindrops” that will drip into the smaller container. This will be precipitation.

With the help of several simple steps you were able to create a water cycle at home.

If you find an error, please highlight a piece of text and click Ctrl+Enter.