Grushnitsky is the personification of vulgar contentment with life. Pechorin and Grushnitsky: characteristics of heroes
In the spring of 1940 it came out separate edition works "Hero of Our Time", written by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. This novel became one of the most interesting and extraordinary phenomena in Russian literature. This book has been the subject of numerous studies and debates for more than a century and a half. It does not lose any of its sharpness and relevance these days. Belinsky also wrote about this book that it was never destined to grow old. We also decided to contact her and write our own essay. Grushnitsky and Pechorin are very interesting characters.
Generation Feature
Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin, main character of the novel in question, lived during the time of Lermontov, that is, approximately in the thirties of the nineteenth century. This time was a period of gloomy reaction, which followed in 1825 and its defeat. A man of advanced thinking could not find use for his talents and strengths at that time. Doubt, disbelief, denial were features of the consciousness of the young generation of those years. The ideals of their fathers were rejected by them “from the cradle,” and then these people began to doubt moral norms and values as such. Therefore, V. G. Belinsky wrote that “Pechorin suffers deeply” because he cannot use the mighty powers of his soul.
New artistic media
Lermontov, creating his work, depicted life as it really is. This required new ones and he found them. Neither Western nor Russian literature knew these means, and to this day they evoke our admiration due to the combination of a broad and free depiction of characters with the ability to objectively show them, to reveal one character through the prism of the perception of another.
Let's take a closer look at the two main characters of this novel. These are Pechorin and Grushnitsky.
Image of Pechorin
Pechorin was an aristocrat by birth and received a standard secular upbringing. Having left parental care, he went "to big light"in order to enjoy all the pleasures. However, he soon became tired of such a frivolous life, the hero was also bored with reading books. Pechorin, after some story that made a splash in St. Petersburg, was exiled to the Caucasus.
Depicting the hero’s appearance, the author indicates with a few strokes his origin: “noble forehead”, “pale”, “small” hand. This character is tough and physically strong man. He is endowed with a mind that critically evaluates the world around him.
The character of Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin
Pechorin thinks about the problems of good and evil, friendship and love, about the meaning of our lives. He is self-critical in his assessment of his contemporaries, saying that his generation is incapable of making sacrifices not only for the good of humanity, but also for their personal happiness. The hero has a good understanding of people, he is not satisfied with the sluggish life of the “water society”, he evaluates the capital’s aristocrats, giving them destructive characteristics. Pechorin is revealed most deeply and fully in the insert story “Princess Mary”, during a meeting with Grushnitsky. and Grushnitsky in their confrontation - an example of deep psychological analysis Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov.
Grushnitsky
The author of the work “Hero of Our Time” did not give a name and patronymic to this character, calling him simply by his last name - Grushnitsky. This is an ordinary young man, a cadet, dreaming of Great love and stars on their shoulder straps. His passion is to make an impact. Grushnitsky goes to Princess Mary in a new uniform, smelling of perfume, dressed up. This hero is a mediocrity, which is characterized by weakness, forgivable, however, at his age - a “passion to recite” and “drape” into some extraordinary feelings. Grushnitsky strives to play the role of a disappointed hero, fashionable at that time, posing as a creature endowed with “secret suffering.” This hero is a parody of Pechorin, and a completely successful one, because it’s not for nothing that the young cadet is so unpleasant to the latter.
Confrontation: Pechorin and Grushnitsky
Grushnitsky, with his behavior, emphasizes the nobility of Grigory Alexandrovich, but, on the other hand, seems to erase all differences between them. After all, Pechorin himself spied on Princess Mary and Grushnitsky, which, of course, is not noble deed. It must be said that he never loved the princess, but only used her love and gullibility to fight his enemy, Grushnitsky.
The latter, as a narrow-minded person, does not at first understand Pechorin’s attitude towards himself. He seems to himself to be a self-confident person, very significant and insightful. Grushnitsky says condescendingly: “I feel sorry for you, Pechorin.” However, events are not developing according to Grigory Alexandrovich’s plans. Now, overwhelmed by jealousy, indignation and passion, the cadet appears before the reader in a completely different light, turning out to be far from so harmless. He is capable of meanness, dishonesty and revenge. The hero who recently played the role of nobility is now capable of firing a bullet at an unarmed person. The duel between Grushnitsky and Pechorin reveals true essence the first, who rejects reconciliation, and Grigory Alexandrovich shoots and kills him in cold blood. The hero dies, having drunk the cup of hatred and shame and repentance to the end. This is, in brief, the confrontation waged by the two main characters - Pechorin and Grushnitsky. their images form the basis of the entire work.
Reflections of Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin
Before going to the duel (Pechorina with Grushnitsky), Grigory Alexandrovich, remembering his life, asks questions about why he lived, why he was born. And he answers it himself that he feels a “high purpose”, immense strength within himself. Then Grigory Alexandrovich understands that he has long been only an “axe” in the hands of fate. A contrast arises mental strength and small actions unworthy of a hero. He wants to “love the whole world,” but only brings misfortune and evil to people. High, noble aspirations degenerate into petty feelings, and the desire to live life to the fullest- into hopelessness and consciousness of doom. The situation of this hero is tragic, he is lonely. The duel between Pechorin and Grushnitsky clearly showed this.
Lermontov named his novel this way because for him the hero is not a role model, but only a portrait that represents the vices of the generation contemporary to the author in their full development.
Conclusion
The character of Grushnitsky, thus, helps to reveal in Pechorin the main qualities of his nature. This false mirror Grigory Aleksandrovich, highlighting the significance and truth of the experiences of the “suffering egoist”, the exclusivity and depth of his personality. With particular force in the situation with Grushnitsky, all the danger lurking in the depths of this type is revealed, destructive force, embedded in the individualistic philosophy that is inherent in romanticism. Lermontov showed all the abysses of the human soul, without trying to pass a moral verdict. Pechorin and Grushnitsky, therefore, are not positive and Pechorin’s psychology is by no means unambiguous, just as some positive qualities can be found in Grushnitsky’s character.
Quoted image and characterization of Grushnitsky in the novel “Hero of Our Time” by Lermontov, description of the appearance and character of the hero.
Full name Grushnitsky is not mentioned in the novel. Grushnitsky - a young military man:
"...He's only been in the service for a year..."
Grushnitsky is a poor nobleman. His parents own a village in the outback of Russia:
"...on the eve of leaving my father's village..."
"...In old age they become either peaceful landowners or drunkards - sometimes both..."
Military rank Grushnitsky - cadet. After a year of service, he receives the rank of officer:
"...Grushnitsky is a cadet..."
"...I bet she doesn't know you're a cadet..."
"...he was promoted to officer..."
Grushnitsky's age is about 20 years:
"...he's barely twenty-one..."
Grushnitsky - colleague and friend of Pechorin:
"...I met him in the active detachment. He was wounded by a bullet in the leg and went to the waters a week before me..."
(about Grushnitsky) "...we were once friends..."
It is known about Grushnitsky’s appearance that he has an expressive face and is well built:
"...His expressive face..."
"...He is well built, dark and black-haired; he looks like he could be twenty-five years old, although he is hardly twenty-one..."
"...twists his mustache with his left hand..."
“...whipped the curled crest into small curls every minute...”
Grushnitsky serves in the Caucasus in the K... regiment:
"...the reason that prompted him to join the K. regiment..."
While serving in the Caucasus, Grushnitsky was wounded in the leg:
"...At that moment Grushnitsky dropped his glass on the sand and tried to bend down to pick it up: his bad leg was hindering him. Poor thing! how he managed, leaning on a crutch, and all in vain. His expressive face really depicted suffering.. "
Grushnitsky has an award (St. George Cross) for military exploits:
"...He has a soldier's cross of St. George..."
"...made such a terrible grimace when he stepped on his shot leg..."
Grushnitsky is well-mannered and maintains decorum:
“...you know, it’s somehow awkward to ask to come into the house, although this is common here...”
Grushnitsky knows French, like all educated nobles:
"...Grushnitsky<...>answered me loudly in French..."
Grushnitsky is not a very good dancer:
"...I'm afraid that the princess and I will have to start a mazurka - I don't know almost a single figure..."
Grushnitsky is a sweet, funny person:
“...However, in those moments when he throws off the tragic mantle, Grushnitsky is quite sweet and funny. I’m curious to see him with women: here, I think, he’s trying!..”
"...after all, there are people in whom even despair is funny!.."
Grushnitsky is a stupid person:
“...“You’re stupid,” I wanted to answer him, but I restrained myself and just shrugged my shoulders...”
“...You’re a fool!” he said to Grushnitsky quite loudly...”
“...You’re a fool, brother,” he said, “a vulgar fool!”
Grushnitsky is a weak-willed person:
"...but pride and weakness of character should have triumphed..."
Grushnitsky does not understand people:
"...he does not know people and their weak strings, because his whole life he has been focused on himself..."
Grushnitsky is a sentimental romantic:
"...His arrival in the Caucasus is also a consequence of his romantic fanaticism..."
“...You talk about a pretty woman like an English horse,” Grushnitsky said indignantly...”
"...sat down near Grushnitsky, and some kind of sentimental conversation began between them..."
Grushnitsky is a passionate person:
“...didn’t even turn around, didn’t even notice his passionate gaze with which he followed her for a long time...”
"...Only then did the poor passionate cadet notice my presence..."
"...under this thick gray overcoat beat a passionate and noble heart..."
Grushnitsky has little experience in communicating with women:
“... Grushnitsky, tugging at my hand, threw one of those dull tender glances at her that have so little effect on women...”
“...I know you are experienced in these things, you know women better than me... Women! women! who will understand them?..” (Grushnitsky to Pechorin about himself)
Grushnitsky - proud man:
"...I admit, I don’t want to get to know them. This proud nobility looks at us army men as if we were wild..."
"...his proud gait..."
“That’s why he wears his thick soldier’s overcoat so proudly...”
Grushnitsky is a smug man, confident in his merits:
"...Grushnitsky smiled smugly..."
"... Self-satisfaction and at the same time some uncertainty were depicted on his face; his festive appearance, his proud gait would have made me laugh if it had been in accordance with my intentions..."
Grushnitsky is a proud person:
"...Oh pride! You are the lever with which Archimedes wanted to lift the globe!.."
"...his pride is especially offended..."
Grushnitsky is a vain person. He dreams of becoming the “hero of a novel” for some young lady:
"...His goal is to become the hero of a novel. He so often tried to convince others that he was a creature not created for the world, doomed to some kind of secret suffering, that he himself was almost convinced of it. That is why he wears his thick soldier's uniform so proudly overcoat..."
Grushnitsky does not know how to listen to other people:
"...I could never argue with him. He does not answer your objections, he does not listen to you. As soon as you stop, he begins a long tirade, apparently having some connection with what you said, but which in fact there is only a continuation of his own speech..."
Grushnitsky speaks pretentiously and importantly:
"...He throws his head back when he speaks, and constantly twirls his mustache with his left hand, because he leans on a crutch with his right. He speaks quickly and pretentiously: he is one of those people who have ready-made pompous phrases for all occasions, which simply beauty does not touches and which are importantly draped in extraordinary feelings, sublime passions and exceptional suffering...” “... From Princess Ligovskaya,” he said very importantly...”
“...Listen,” Grushnitsky said very importantly...”
Grushnitsky likes to make jokes:
"...He is quite sharp: his epigrams are often funny, but they are never pointed or angry: he will not kill anyone with one word..."
"...pleased with the bad pun, he became amused..."
Grushnitsky loves to recite and make loud speeches:
“...Grushnitsky’s passion was to recite: he bombarded you with words as soon as the conversation left the circle of ordinary concepts...”
Grushnitsky loves to make an effect on others. He loves to show off and behaves like an actor:
"...he's one of those people<...>To produce an effect is their delight; Romantic provincial girls like them crazy..."
"...Grushnitsky managed to take a dramatic pose with the help of a crutch and answered me loudly..."
As a cadet, Grushnitsky wears a thick soldier's overcoat to evoke pity among women and look like a real hero:
“...Grushnitsky hung a saber and a pair of pistols on top of his soldier’s overcoat: he was quite funny in this heroic attire...”
"...yes, a soldier's overcoat makes you a hero and a sufferer in the eyes of every sensitive young lady..."
"...wears, out of a special kind of dandyism, a thick soldier's overcoat..."
"...My soldier's overcoat is like a seal of rejection. The participation that it excites is heavy, like alms..."
When Grushnitsky is promoted to officer, he also proudly wears his officer’s uniform:
"...army infantry uniform..."
“...Grushnitsky appeared to me in the full radiance of an army infantry uniform.
Fastened to the third button was a bronze chain on which hung a double lorgnette; epaulettes of incredible size were curved upward in the shape of cupid's wings; his boots creaked; in his left hand he held brown kid gloves and a cap, and with his right hand he whipped his curled crest into small curls every minute..."
Grushnitsky - cowardly man, but wants to seem brave:
“... Grushnitsky is reputed to be an excellent brave man; I saw him in action: he waves a saber, shouts and rushes forward, closing his eyes. This is not Russian bravery!..”
"...Coward! - answered the captain..."
"...a gang under the command of Grushnitsky. He has such a proud and brave look..."
Grushnitsky is a vengeful person. He takes revenge on Princess Mary and Pechorin:
“...I don’t think that a woman’s indifference to your brilliant virtues deserves such terrible vengeance...”
Grushnitsky is capable of meanness and deception:
"...but how can one admit to such vile intent?.."
"... abandon your vile plan and expose yourself to the same danger as me..."
“...without exposing himself to any danger, he wanted to kill me like a dog...” (Pechorin about Grushnitsky’s meanness)
“...Grushnitsky!” I said, “there is still time; give up your slander, and I will forgive you everything. You failed to fool me...”
Grushnitsky is capable of slander. So, rejected by Princess Mary, he spreads gossip about her:
"...you already gave honestly in confirmation of the most disgusting slander..."
"...And you do not renounce your slander?.."
"...I ask you to immediately retract your words; you know very well that this is a fiction..." (Pechorin to Grushnitsky about his slander)
For this slander, Pechorin challenges Grushnitsky to a duel:
"...You defended my daughter from slander, you fought for her..."
In the end, Pechorin kills Grushnitsky in a duel:
“...I fired...When the smoke cleared, Grushnitsky was not on the site. Only the ashes were still curling in a light column on the edge of the cliff...”
"...Grushnitsky was killed (she crossed herself). God will forgive him - and, I hope, you too!.."
The hero of M. Yu. Lermontov, Grushnitsky, appears for the first time in the episode entitled “Princess Mary”. In general, this episode is the last in which this character is mentioned at all, since in this part he dies at the hands of Pechorin.
We don’t know much about Grushnitsky: a cadet who has been in the service for no more than a year. His parents are poor nobles who own a village in the Russian outback. Grushnitsky's appearance is pleasant, he is well-built, and also has an expressive face. His entire image is complemented by the wound in the leg that the character received in the Caucasus. He is not distinguished by mental acuity, is naive, weak-willed and does not understand people at all.
Grushnitsky is a sentimental person, a romantic. Therefore, when he met Princess Mary, he immediately fell in love with her. Here you need to understand that he did not love her, but only fell in love. This is very dangerous condition souls, when a person’s brain is clouded and he cannot be responsible for his actions. Therefore, when Pechorin, showing his scoundrel nature, decided to play a trick on Grushnitsky and make Princess Mary fall in love with him, while disgracing him in front of her, he could not forgive him for such an act and decided to take revenge.
Only a coincidence of circumstances saved Pechorin from inevitable shame, which, in turn, turned him on Grushnitsky with redoubled force. From this moment we see that not only the main character of the work is capable of meanness, revenge and elegant methods of revenge. Grushnitsky could have disgraced Pechorin in front of everyone, convicting him of cowardice, but he could not because of Dr. Werner. And, nevertheless, we see in this character distinctive sides from the main one. He hears the voice of conscience, unlike Pechorin. We can clearly see this in the passage that tells about the duel between the heroes. Grushnitsky, knowing that his opponent’s pistol was not loaded, feeling like a scoundrel, was unable to fire. Pechorin, having figured out his opponent’s plan, having a chance to spare him, shot the defenseless Grushnitsky, suppressed by his own nobility.
This is where the story about Grushnitsky ends, and we can draw conclusions about the image of Grushnitsky. Who was he? A hero who did not spare himself, or a coward and a scoundrel? From Grushnitsky’s accomplished deeds, we see that he is noble, although capable of meanness. However, such a person cannot complete his evil plans, since he hears the voice of conscience, which means that Grushnitsky has more traits of a noble person than a scoundrel.
Essay Characteristics and image of Grushnitsky
Grushnitsky is one of the brightest minor characters in the novel “Hero of Our Time” by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. This is a young man, a cadet, and also an old friend of Pechorin, the main character of the work, whose image throughout the novel contrasts with the image of Grushnitsky. Basically, it is with the help of Pechorin and his magazine that the image of a young man is revealed.
The reader first meets Grushnitsky in the chapter “Princess Mary.” A young soldier finds himself undergoing treatment on the waters due to a leg wound, where he meets Pechorin, his old acquaintance. In addition to Pechorin, he meets Princess Mary, whose beauty he was fascinated by. Since they were from different walks of life, her attention did not come easily to him. And at some point his feelings became insincere, their relationship became for him a game that he must win.
Having failed to achieve success, the hero spreads false information about the girl, which ruins her reputation. This act reveals his cowardice, vindictiveness, ability to deceive and vile actions. Perhaps this situation would not have happened if Grushnitsky had not been overly narcissistic and confident. According to Pechorin, “...producing an effect is his pleasure.” For example, he was not used to listening to his interlocutor, but preferred to enjoy his own speech and style. And even the fact that he dared to pretend to be a groom for a girl of the upper class shows these qualities. His self-confidence is enhanced by the soldier’s overcoat, which creates the appearance romantic hero and makes an impression on the girls, even the princess.
Besides negative qualities, like any person, Grushnitsky also has positive features, which were revealed thanks to Pechorin. When he is not playing his unpleasant role, he is a good conversationalist and friend, and has a great sense of humor.
The images of Grushnitsky and Pechorin are very similar at first glance. But if you go deeper and analyze the actions of both heroes, you can understand that Grushnitsky is more positive hero. His vile actions are committed only out of boredom, but in no case with the goal of ruining people's lives. He has no evil motives, so the reader should not judge him. In any case, Grushnitsky’s death in a duel with Pechorin might not have happened if the hero had been able to realize his mistakes in time and change for the better.
Throughout the entire story, only the image of Pechorin lasts until the very end. The supporting characters were given by the author specifically to highlight the various facets of the character of the main character. actor. This is their main compositional role. Despite this, they are interesting to the reader in themselves, since they reflect the social life of people, the foundations, and morals of society.
Grushnitsky appears as such a character in the work.
Belinsky assures that this image denotes a whole category of people of this type. According to Lermontov, they wear on their faces a fashionable mask of a person disappointed in life. Pechorin himself accurately characterizes Grushnitsky, saying that he is simply a poser trying to pass himself off as a romantic hero. He expresses himself in pathetic phrases, surrounds himself with sublime feelings, exceptional passions and even suffering. Grushnitsky’s main goal is to produce a certain effect on society. In fact, his soul is devoid of any poetry; this hero emanates self-confidence, selfishness, and complacency a mile away.
He never listens to his interlocutor, does not enter into dialogue with him, because he is intoxicated only with his speech, he is only interested in himself, and not other people.
However, Grushnitsky is not just a person in love with himself, he is capable of baseness and meanness. It is he who becomes the source of gossip about Pechorin and Mary. He agrees to a duel with a completely unarmed opponent. In a duel, all the lowest character traits of this character are revealed.
Pechorin’s personality stands out especially clearly against the background of young people, to whom Grushnitsky belongs.
In the story “Princess Mary” Grushnitsky is shown as a mediocrity, a person who loves pathos and loud words. This character has prepared pompous phrases for any situation, which he drapes and decorates with some special feelings, romantic suffering, passions. Thus, Grushnitsky plays a fashionable youthful role - a hero disappointed in himself and in life. Produce proper effect- his main goal, his main pleasure. He deliberately wears a shabby soldier’s overcoat and tries to convincingly play the role of a sufferer who has been demoted for some bold but daring act. But this is only a parody of Pechorin, which is why Grushnitsky hates him so much. He himself is not very smart, and therefore cannot understand, see how much Pechorin is taller than him. Grushnitsky is in a state of love, he likes Princess Mary. She also gives him first Special attention, but soon falls in love with Pechorin. The forgotten Grushnitsky is angry, jealous, his injured pride makes him dangerous. He gathers a group to mock Mary. These same people deliberately do not load Pechorin’s pistol when he challenges Grushnitsky to a duel, accusing him of slander. This outright meanness amazes the main character. Pechorin cannot forgive this, and, having reloaded the pistol, kills Grushnitsky.
Grushnitsky is the main character of the novel “Hero of Our Time” by M.Yu. Lermontov, written by the author in 1838-1840. This is a young man, a cadet, who at twenty-one has already been awarded the St. George Cross. Grushnitsky is a funny guy, sometimes too trusting, he is easily confused by false ideas about honor and dignity. But in death he achieves true exclusivity. It’s not for nothing that I. Annensky, in his article “Lermontov’s Humor,” calls his death beautiful. Grushnitsky shouted heated phrases at his opponent, standing at gunpoint, sincerely believing at that moment that Pyatigorsk was the whole world in which the two of them were cramped and had no place. Undoubtedly, with age, this hero would get mad, become more flexible, wiser, but his time is limited by being on leave due to injury.
Pechorin shows us that Grushnitsky is overly fanatical in terms of romance. And yet, this fanaticism becomes even more obvious in the presence of Pechorin. This happens because the young man is flattered by the attention of a socialite from St. Petersburg, wants to become like him, imitate him, but, in fact, he only copies the mask. Grushnitsky is like a participant in a masquerade organized by Pechorin. It was in this masquerade that the young man had the opportunity to play a certain role in society for the first and last time.
Updated: 2011-05-09
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Grushnitsky is a character in the world-famous story by Mikhail Lermontov called “Hero of Our Time,” where the key image is Pechorin. However, Grushnitsky is far from last role plays in Lermontov’s plan, and now we will briefly consider Grushnitsky’s characterization.
Let us immediately note that in the story there is a main character - Pechorin, and there is minor characters, which emphasize one or another facet of the image of the main character, that is, Pechorin. Grushnitsky can be attributed precisely to this category of supporting heroes. But the author created him not only to reveal certain features of Pechorin, he is very interesting as an independent figure. Moreover, you can see a reflection in it public life, foundations and morals of society of those times.
Main characteristics of Grushnitsky
Let's see what Belinsky, Lermontov and Pechorin say about Grushnitsky. For example, according to Belinsky, the image of Grushnitsky embodied the character traits of a whole category of people belonging to a similar type. Lermontov said that this is how people cover their faces with a fashionable mask of someone who is supposedly disillusioned with life. And from Pechorin himself we hear about Grushnitsky’s character: he called him a poser who seeks to present himself as another romantic hero. Therefore, such a person speaks pathetically, his feelings are sublime, he burns with passions and suffers. By and large, he is trying to attract public attention and seem like a spectacular person.
But all this is just a mask, and in reality there is no poetry in his soul, he is extremely self-confident, selfish and self-satisfied. Let's continue to characterize Grushnitsky. This person is so passionate about himself and his words that he is not interested in others, but only in himself. Therefore, he does not know how to listen and conduct a full dialogue.
However, his personality is not limited to such manners. The most important thing is that Grushnitsky does not shun a vile and base act, because gossip about the relationship between Pechorin and Mary begins to emanate from him. In addition, he is ready to participate in a duel with an unarmed opponent. The duel, by the way, reveals all the baseness of his personality and vile nature.
The role of Grushnitsky in the story
Pay attention to how Grushnitsky is dressed - he is wearing a shabby soldier's overcoat. Why? He wants to look like a brave sufferer who was demoted for some daring actions. However, all this looks more like a parody of Pechorin, and Grushnitsky, realizing this, begins to hate him. Although in general he does not shine with intelligence, and his pride does not allow him to discern more in Pechorin. strong personality.
Here’s another interesting thing about Grushnitsky’s characterization. As we read, we see that Grushnitsky falls in love with Princess Mary, who at first is interested in the young man, but in the end, prefers Pechorin. This causes jealousy and anger in Grushnitsky, and pushes him to a vile act. Having gathered like-minded people, they direct mockery at Mary. And they leave Pechorin’s pistol unloaded when he demands satisfaction in a duel for slander. Having learned about this, Pechorin did not forgive Grushnitsky and shot him.
So, Lermontov assigned an important role to this young cadet in the story “Hero of Our Time,” and in this article we looked at what a brief description of Grushnitsky.
