Adoration of the Magi Fabriano. The largest representative of international Gothic

Italian painter who worked in the late Gothic style, the largest representative of the so-called " international gothic"in Italy. His real name is Gentile di Niccolò di Giovanni Massi; he was born between 1360 and 1370 in Fabriano in Umbria.

Reliable works by Gentile da Fabriano are considered to be “The Adoration of the Magi” (1423), commissioned by Palla Strozzi for the Church of Santa Trinita - now in the Uffizi, part of the predella - in the Louvre; Quaratesi polyptych (1425) for the church of San Niccolo, central image Madonna - now in London National Gallery, doors with saints - in the Uffizi, parts of the predella - in the Vatican Pinacoteca and in the Washington National Gallery; polyptych “The Wedding of Our Lady with the Saints” - in Brera. In addition, Madonnas in Settignano (Berenson collection), Perugia (Pinacoteca), Pisa (Pinacotheca), Velletri (Cathedral), New Haven (Jarves collection), New York (Metropolitan Museum), Berlin (Muei), "Madonna in glory" (Maesta) - the remains of a fresco in the cathedral of Orvieto (1425).

The main advantages of these beautiful works are the liveliness of the composition, carefully designed, fine drawing, nobility and expressiveness of figures, freshness of colors. With the delicacy of his modeling of faces, the gentle pallor of their carnation and the ability to animate them with a sense of piety, Gentile is reminiscent of Fra Beato Angelico. It is assumed that Frangelico could have been a student of da Fabriano.

The artist’s art combines the interest in detail inherent in Northern European Gothic, decorativeness and soft sentimentality characteristic of the Umbrian school. The painting of Gentile da Fabriano, opposite in spirit to the Renaissance, had a decisive influence on art Northern Italy(in particular, the works of Jacopo Bellini, Pisanello and Antonio Vivarini) and many masters of Central Italy. Echoes of Gentile da Fabriano's style can be found in the frescoes of Benozzo Gozzoli in the Palazzo Medici in Florence and in the battle compositions of Paolo Uccello.

In 1425, Gentile arrived in Florence, where he began work on an equally significant polyptych for the church of San Niccolo Oltrarno - the signature “Quaratesi Polyptych”. Its parts are scattered across many museums around the world. In the center of the polyptych is a Madonna with angels. It is drawn with a monumentality rare for Gentile, almost equal to the new style.

The work of Gentile da Fabriano - typical sample the International Gothic style, which is characterized by refined elegance, increasing secular trends and the artist’s interest in naturalistic details. In the paintings of Gentile da Fabriano, the latter feature is manifested in the realistic interpretation of animals, birds and plants, as well as in what can be called the first “still lifes”.

The work of Gentile da Fabriano can rightfully be considered highest achievement“international Gothic”, which in significance can only be compared with the art of the Limburg brothers and van Eyck, his distinctive feature there was a search for lighting effects. Gentile was considered a tireless traveler, a passionate experimenter who absorbed many different painting traditions.

Gentile was the herald high society, was an artist of the “autumn of the Middle Ages”. Until the end of his life, he remained true to himself and his inspiration, avoiding the imposition of conservative tastes, and looked for new ways to convey color and light. But still, this world did not leave a significant mark on the painting of Florence, where new elements of Renaissance painting began to appear. But we should not forget the admiration and delight with which Gentile’s work was perceived in all Florentine circles. Many centuries later, Vasari Michelangelo says this about Gentile: “In painting, his hand was like his name.”

Gentile da Fabriano July 7th, 2010

Gentile da Fabriano(Gentile da Fabriano) (c. 1370-1427), Italian painter who worked in the late Gothic style, the largest representative of the so-called “international Gothic” in Italy. His real name is Gentile di Niccolo di Giovanni Massi; he was born between 1360 and 1370 in Fabriano in Umbria.

The first mention of Gentile da Fabriano in archival documents Rome dates back to 1408; in Florence, the artist was enrolled in the workshop of doctors and pharmacists (painting masters were included in this workshop) in 1422. He also worked in Venice (1409), Brescia (1419), Siena (1421 and 1425), Orvieto (1425) and Rome (1427). He died in Rome in 1427, where from 1426 until his death he was engaged in decorating the Lateran Cathedral with frescoes depicting scenes from the life of John the Baptist. After his death, his younger contemporary and friend Pisanello, to whom Gentile bequeathed his working tools, completed the painting of the basilica (unfortunately, it was not preserved - the frescoes were destroyed in the 17th century during Borromini's reconstruction). According to one assumption, he was buried in the Roman church of Santa Maria in Trastevere.

Gentile's works in other places (for example, in the Venetian Palazzo Doge) also perished. One can get an idea of his talent only from the few easel paintings of his work that have come down to us, of which the most remarkable are "Adoration of the Magi"(one of the best examples of "international gothic"), "The Coronation of Mary" And "Flight into Egypt".

Gentile began his path to fame hometown Fabriano province of Marche, and created his first paintings there. In his paintings one can discern some features of Lombard painting, which suggest that the artist spent some time in Lombardy at the end of the 14th century.

One of his first works "Madonna with Saint Nicholas and Saint Catherine" was conceived as a holy interview with three angels playing music among the trees of the garden. It is very reminiscent of a Lombard miniature - after all, it is in this painting, with its scrupulously accurate reproduction of details, that Gentile’s thorough acquaintance with the works of Lombard miniature is reflected. Here, too, echoes of what is so widespread in easel painting“soft style”, which by this time had become an international phenomenon.

Madonna and Child with Saints Nicholas and Catherine. 1405 Gentile da Fabriano. State museums, Berlin. Tempera.

In 1408, Gentile visited Venice, where he created an altarpiece, and in 1409 he began working on famous fresco hall Great Council Doge's Palace, but not a single work has survived to this day. The fresco of the Palace of the Rains played a huge role in shaping the work of some Veneto artists, especially Pisanello and Giovanni Bellini.

The Adoration of the Magi (1423), commissioned by Palla Strozzi for the Church of Santa Trinita - now in the Uffizi, is considered to be a reliable work by Gentile da Fabriano. part of the predella - in the Louvre; Quaratesi polyptych(1425) for the church of San Niccolo, central image of Madonna- now in the London National Gallery, panels with saints - in the Uffizi, parts of the predella - in the Vatican Pinakothek and in the Washington National Gallery; polyptych “The Wedding of Our Lady with the Saints” - in Brera. In addition, Madonnas in Settignano (Berenson collection), Perugia (Pinacoteca), Pisa (Pinacotheca), Velletri (Cathedral), New Haven (Jarves collection), New York (Metropolitan Museum), Berlin (Museum), "Madonna in Glory" (Maesta)- remains of a fresco in the cathedral of Orvieto (1425).

Adoration of the Magi. 1423 Gentile da Fabriano. Uffizi Gallery, Florence. Tempera.

Coronation of Mary. Polyptych Valle Romita. 1400g. Gentile da Fabriano.

Coronation of Mary. Polyptych Valle Romita. Detail. 1400g. Gentile da Fabriano. Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan. Tempera.

Rest on the way to Egypt. 1423 Gentile da Fabriano.

The main advantages of these beautiful works are the liveliness of the composition, the carefully designed, delicate drawing, the nobility and expressiveness of the figures, and the freshness of the colors. With the delicacy of his modeling of faces, the gentle pallor of their carnation and the ability to animate them with a sense of piety, Gentile is reminiscent of Fra Beato Angelico. It is assumed that Frangelico could have been a student of da Fabriano.

The artist’s art combines the interest in detail inherent in Northern European Gothic, decorativeness and soft sentimentality characteristic of the Umbrian school. The painting of Gentile da Fabriano, opposite in spirit to the Renaissance, had a decisive influence on the art of Northern Italy (in particular, on the work of Jacopo Bellini, Pisanello and Antonio Vivarini) and many masters of Central Italy. Echoes of Gentile da Fabriano's style can be found in the frescoes of Benozzo Gozzoli in the Palazzo Medici in Florence and in the battle compositions of Paolo Uccello.

Presentation of Christ into the Temple. 1423 Gentile da Fabriano. Louvre, Paris. Tempera on wood.

Four Saints. Polyptych of Quaratesi.1425. Gentile da Fabriano. Uffizi Gallery, Florence. Tempera on wood.

Madonna and Child. 1425 Gentile da Fabriano. Cathedral in Orvieto. Fresco.

Madonna and Child. Part of the Quaratesi altar. 1425. Gentile da Fabriano. National Gallery, London. Egg tempera, poplar.

Annunciation. 1425 Gentile da Fabriano. Pinakothek, Vatican. Tempera, gold on wood.

The work of Gentile da Fabriano is a typical example of the International Gothic style, which is characterized by refined elegance, increasing secular trends and the artist's interest in naturalistic details. In the paintings of Gentile da Fabriano, the latter feature is manifested in the realistic interpretation of animals, birds and plants, as well as in what can be called the first “still lifes”.

The work of Gentile da Fabriano can rightfully be considered the highest achievement of “international Gothic”, which in significance can only be compared with the art of the Limburg brothers and van Eyck; its distinctive feature was the search for lighting effects. Gentile was considered a tireless traveler, a passionate experimenter who absorbed many different painting traditions.
Gentile was a herald of high society, he was an artist of the “autumn of the Middle Ages.” Until the end of his life, he remained true to himself and his inspiration, avoiding the imposition of conservative tastes, and looked for new ways to convey color and light. But still, this world did not leave a significant mark on the painting of Florence, where new elements of Renaissance painting began to appear. But we should not forget the admiration and delight with which Gentile’s work was perceived in all Florentine circles. Many centuries later, Vasari Michelangelo says this about Gentile: “In painting, his hand was like his name.”

Biography

He grew up an orphan (his mother died, his father went to a monastery and soon also died). He studied in his hometown with the artist Allegretto Nuzi, who, along with Francescuccio Ghissi, is considered the founder of the local art school in Fabriano. He probably became close to one of the Siena masters in his youth and quickly achieved great fame.

He worked in Central Italy - in Brescia, Venice, Florence, Siena, Orvieto and Rome, where until his death he was engaged in decorating the Lateran Cathedral with frescoes depicting scenes from the life of John the Baptist. After his death, his younger contemporary and friend Pisanello, to whom Gentile bequeathed his working tools, completed the painting of the basilica (not preserved).

According to one assumption, he was buried in the Roman church of Santa Maria in Trastevere.

Creation

Gentile had a significant influence on contemporary painting, especially Venetian painting, through his student Jacopo Bellini.

Literature

L'opera completa di Gentile da Fabriano/Emma Micheletti, ed. Milano: Rizzoli, 1976
De Marchi A.e.a. Gentile da Fabriano: studi e ricerche. Milano: Electa, 2006.

Links

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See what "Gentile da Fabriano" is in other dictionaries:

Gentile da Fabriano- (Gentile da Fabriano), present. name Gentile di Niccolo Massi Ok. 1370, Fabriano 1427, Rome. Italian painter. A native of the northern Italian province of Marche. He worked in the cities of Marche, Venice (1408 1412), Brescia (1414 1418), Florence (1422 1425),… … European art: Painting. Sculpture. Graphics: Encyclopedia

GENTILE DA FABRIANO- (Gentile da Fabriano) (c. 1370 1427), Italian painter who worked in the late Gothic style. His real name is Gentile di Niccol di Giovanni Massi; he was born between 1360 and 1370 in Fabriano in Umbria.… … Collier's Encyclopedia

Gentile Fabriano

Fabriano, Gentile yes- “Adoration of the Magi”, 1423, Uffizi Gentile da Fabriano (Italian: Gentile da Fabriano, actually Italian: Gentile di Niccolò di Giovanni Massi, c. 1370, Fabriano, province of Ancona September 1427, Rome) Italian painter, the largest representative... ... Wikipedia

Fabriano Gentile yes- “Adoration of the Magi”, 1423, Uffizi Gentile da Fabriano (Italian: Gentile da Fabriano, actually Italian: Gentile di Niccolò di Giovanni Massi, c. 1370, Fabriano, province of Ancona September 1427, Rome) Italian painter, the largest representative... ... Wikipedia

Fabriano- (Gentile da Fabriano, 1370 1450, actually G. di Niccolo di Giovanni di Masso) Italian painter, studied in his hometown, Fabriano (in Umbria), with the minor artist Allegretto Nuzi, probably became close in his youth with someone from ... ...

Fabriano Gentile- (da Fabriano, 1370 1450, actually G. di Niccolo di Giovanni di Masso) Italian. painter, studied in his hometown, Fabriano (in Umbria), with the minor artist Allegretto Nuzi, probably became close in his youth with one of the other Siena... encyclopedic Dictionary F. Brockhaus and I.A. Ephron

Italian Renaissance Portrait- Sandro Botticelli. "Portrait of a young man with a medal of Cosimo de' Medici." 1470 1477. Uffizi, Florence Portrait of an Italian ... Wikipedia

Pisanello- Birth name: Antonio di Puccio Pisano Date of birth: ca. 1395 Place of birth: Pisa Date of death: ca. 1455 ... Wikipedia

BELLINI- [ital. Bellini], Italian family. artists of the 15th century, representatives of the Venetian school of painting. Jacopo B. Madonna and Child. Artist I. Bellini. OK. 1450 (Uffizi Gallery, Florence) Madonna and Child. Artist I. Bellini. OK. 1450 (Gallery... ... Orthodox Encyclopedia

, Fabriano, province of Ancona - September, Rome) - Italian painter, the largest representative of international Gothic in Italy.

Biography

According to one assumption, he was buried in the Roman church of Santa Maria in Trastevere.

Creation

Gentile had a significant influence on contemporary painting, especially Venetian painting, through his student Jacopo Bellini.

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Literature

L'opera completa di Gentile da Fabriano/Emma Micheletti, ed. Milano: Rizzoli, 1976
De Marchi A.e.a. Gentile da Fabriano: studi e ricerche. Milano: Electa, 2006.

Links

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