Treasures of human thought. Traces of Thought

The greatest wealth of a people is its language! For thousands of years, countless treasures of human thought and experience accumulate and live forever in the word. And, perhaps, in none of the forms of linguistic creativity of a people does its mind manifest itself with such strength and in such a multifaceted way, is its mind so crystalline deposited national history, social order, life, worldview, as in proverbs.

The apt and figurative Russian language is especially rich in proverbs. There are thousands, tens of thousands of them! As if on wings, they fly from century to century, from one generation to another, and the boundless distance to which this winged wisdom directs its flight is not visible...

The eras that gave rise to proverbs are different. The diversity of human relationships is immeasurable, which are imprinted in well-known folk sayings and aphorisms. From the abyss of time, in these clots of reason and knowledge of life, human joy and suffering, laughter and tears, love and anger, faith and unbelief, truth and falsehood, honesty and deception, hard work and laziness, the beauty of truths and the ugliness of prejudices have come to us.

Turning to the proverbs of the Russian people, the Soviet man will take the best and discard what is already dead and is not needed in the creation of a new world.

Our patriotic pride, chained in the damask steel of such proverbs, will never fade: “The

on Russian land, but he stumbled,” “With native land- die, don’t go,” “Stand bravely for a just cause.”

Following the sage people, the Soviet people will say (the proverb is apt!): “White hands love other people’s work,” “Without sweeping away your strength, do not lift it with a pitchfork,” “It’s easy to carry on someone else’s back,” “Looking at someone else’s work, You won’t be full”, “An hour is late, you won’t make up for a year”, “The word is not an arrow, but it strikes.”

However, everything that bears the stamp of national hatred, slavery, oppression of women, religious superstition in proverbs is alien to our contemporaries - everything that did not express the true wisdom of the people, over whom class, estate and church oppression weighed. The people perfectly expressed their protest against him in a variety of well-aimed, crafty and ridiculing, and sometimes bitter proverbs: “A rich man would eat money if the poor did not feed him bread,” “You burn thick incense, you will conceive saints,” “A prayer service is sung, but there is no benefit”, “Praise the rye in the stack, and the master in the coffin.”

And a lot of false wisdom and ugly ideas were instilled in the people by centuries of social injustice, admiration for force, hypocrisy and hypocrisy. There are many things preserved in proverbs that can now offend a healthy feeling. All this is being replaced by life moving forward, and is being replaced by our new, socialist experience, which gives birth to a new, noble worldly wisdom.

This is how the proverbial grains of gold are continually washed and polished by time. folk life, struggles and traditions of countless generations.

The publication of Russian proverbs, collected over several decades of the last century by dialectologist and writer V.I. Dahl, will serve the great and noble cause exploring the inexhaustible riches of our national culture, our great and mighty language.

What Russian language- one of richest languages in the world, there is no doubt about it. - V. Belinsky

Use a foreign word when there is an equivalent one Russian word , means to insult both common sense and common taste. - V. Belinsky

There is no doubt that the desire to dazzle Russian speech in foreign words without need, without sufficient reason, disgusting common sense and sound taste; but it does not harm the Russian language or Russian literature, but only those who are obsessed with it. - V. Belinsky

Only by mastering the original material as perfectly as possible, that is, native language , we will be able to master a foreign language as perfectly as possible, but not before. - F. Dostoevsky

Russian language we spoil. We use foreign words unnecessarily. We use them incorrectly. Why say “defects” when you can say shortcomings, or deficiencies, or gaps?.. Isn’t it time for us to declare war on consumption? foreign words unnecessarily? - Lenin (“On the purification of the Russian language”)

I do not consider foreign words good and suitable unless they can be replaced by purely Russian or more Russified ones. We must take care of our rich and beautiful language from damage. - N. Leskov

Russian language- a language created for poetry, it is unusually rich and remarkable mainly for the subtlety of its shades. - P. Merimee

True love for one's country is unthinkable without love for your language. - K. Paustovsky

Towards every person to your tongue one can judge with complete certainty not only his cultural level, but also about its civic value. - K. Paustovsky

There are no such sounds, colors, images and thoughts - complex and simple - for which there would not be in our language exact expression. - K. Paustovsky

In days of doubt, in days of painful thoughts about the fate of my homeland, you alone are my support and support, O great, mighty, truthful and fluent Russian language! Without you, how can one not fall into despair at the sight of everything that is happening at home? But one cannot believe that such a language was not given to a great people! - I. Turgenev

How Russian language is beautiful! All the advantages of German without its terrible rudeness. - F. Engels.

A person's morality is visible in his attitude towards word. - L. N. Tolstoy (1828–1910) – writer and educator

Language is a ford across the river of time, it leads us to the home of the departed; but no one who is afraid of deep water will be able to come there. - V. M. Illich-Svitych (1934–1966) – Soviet comparative linguist, employee of the Institute of Slavic Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences

Language is the history of a people. Language is the path of civilization and culture. That's why studying and saving Russian language is not an idle activity because there is nothing to do, but an urgent necessity. - A.I. Kuprin (1870–1938) – writer

The greatest wealth of a people is its language! For thousands of years, countless treasures of human thought and experience accumulate and live forever in the word. - M. A. Sholokhov (1905–1984) – writer and public figure

Russian language opens to the end in its truly magical properties and wealth only to those who deeply love and know their people “to the bone” and feel the hidden charm of our land. - K. G. Paustovsky

Language of the people- the best, never fading and ever-blooming flower of his entire spiritual life. - K. D. Ushinsky (1824–1871) - teacher

Russian language should become a world language. The time will come (and it is not far off) - the Russian language will begin to be studied along all meridians globe. - A. N. Tolstoy (1882–1945) – writer and public figure

Take care of our language, our beautiful Russian language– this is a treasure, this is an asset passed on to us by our predecessors! Handle this powerful tool with respect; in skillful hands it is able to perform miracles! - I. S. Turgenev (1818–1883) – poet, writer, translator

Take care of the purity of your language as a sacred thing! Never use foreign words. Russian language so rich and flexible that we have nothing to take from those who are poorer than us" - I. S. Turgenev

New words of foreign origin are introduced into Russian seal incessantly and often completely unnecessarily, and - what is most offensive of all - these harmful exercises are practiced in the very bodies where the Russian nationality and its characteristics are most passionately advocated. - N. S. Leskov (1831–1895) – writer.

The perception of other people's words, and especially without necessity, is not enrichment, but tongue damage! - A. P. Sumarokov (1717–1777) - writer, poet, playwright

Native language we should be the main basis and our general education and the education of each of us. - P. A. Vyazemsky (1792–1878) – poet and literary critic

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Dear friends, military sailors!

Thank you very much for your warm letter and for your attention to my work.

You ask why I made Davydov a Baltic sailor.

Davydov had several prototypes. I met many sailors, talked with them, saw how they worked where the party sent them. And everywhere they brought their good maritime, revolutionary traditions into life.

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin also highly praised the sailors after the October events. They also fought valiantly during the civil war and took an active part in the construction Soviet power.

This gave me the idea to make Davydov a former Baltic sailor. For a person who came to work in the village had to have courage, endurance, good humor, ability to communicate with people, feel the team. I saw all these qualities, selfless devotion to the party and the cause of communism in the sailors raised in our fleet.

That's probably all I can say briefly in response to your letter.

I warmly greet you, dear and valiant sailors, on the glorious 40th anniversary of our Armed Forces.

Our feat is difficult and glorious

My dear, dear warriors!

All the most best feelings, I give you all the warmth of my heart on the day of the 40th anniversary of the Soviet Armed Forces. Your feat on the battlefields is difficult and glorious, your sacred duty to the people, to the Communist Party is high.

The people created the Army and Navy in difficult times in order to throw away the invaders, in order to protect the birth of a new system - Soviet power. Our soldiers courageously fulfilled the people's commandment.

I have not seen other soldiers who fought with greater tenacity and courage and who loved their land as much as Soviet soldiers. Their devotion to the Soviet people called them to heroic deeds during the Great Patriotic War. Patriotic War when we saved not only ourselves, our native home, and all humanity from hated fascism.

There is no higher honor for a Soviet writer than to write about you. Courage, valor, loyalty to the banner of the revolution and military brotherhood - you, faithful defenders of our fatherland, are famous for all this.

I would like to wish you heartily new successes on your difficult military path. The people respect and love you, brave soldiers guarding our home. I warmly, from the bottom of my heart, congratulate you, valiant defenders of our motherland, on the glorious 40th anniversary of the Soviet Armed Forces.

Love your homeland, your people, strengthen military camaraderie, and you will always be invincible.

During the Great Patriotic War, I was with you, my family. And if the homeland calls, I, like an old soldier, will be with you until my last breath.

I hug you, my dear ones.

Soldiers of my Motherland

Anniversary Soviet army not only a solemn day in our lives, but also a universal holiday, which means a lot for the population of people's democracies, and for the peoples of capitalist Europe, who have swallowed plenty of smoke from fascist cremation ovens, and for German people, who drank a lot of hemlock from the bitter cup of Buchenwald.

When creating the Soviet Army, the great Lenin set before it a noble task - to defend the fatherland and the gains of October. Throughout its history, our Armed Forces have been faithful to this goal - they fought only just wars.

Defensive battles civil war against the hordes of interventionists and internal counter-revolution, the bloody battle on the distant Lake Khasan, the battle with the Japanese invaders on the Mongolian Khalkhin Gol River, the liberation campaign in Western Ukraine and Belarus gave rise to such massive heroism of Soviet soldiers as has never been seen before world history. The Soviet warrior showed himself to be a true son of his century.

Perhaps today it is worth remembering in what dark waves events rolled in harsh years Great Patriotic War. Having captured the capitulating French army, Hitler walked with fire and sword through the flowering fields of Belgium and Holland and from the chalk cliffs of Dunkirk threw the remnants of the defeated English army of General Alexander into the cold waters of the English Channel. It’s as if the Middle Ages had returned: the fires lit by the fascist Inquisition were burning in Europe.

The fascist Fuhrer had all the arsenals at his disposal Western Europe. He became the absolute master of industry and land from the Atlantic to the Soviet borders.

It is now known with what accuracy the Germanic General base developed and scheduled capture plans by month and day Arab East, South America, USA. The brown shadow of the swastika hangs over the peoples of the globe, ever growing.

We remember a clear sunny morning, the silence of which was broken by the roar of tank armies, the roar of air armadas, and the tramp of rifle divisions rushing to our land, where the harvest of grain began.

On the touchstone of war, our people honed their hatred of the invaders.

All the best people world, with bated breath, watched the bloody battle that flared up in the East, when Soviet troops alone, without the help of allies, they fought intense defensive battles.

Even then, in the first, very hard days war, the Central Committee of the Communist Party set a great liberation goal for our Armed Forces - to defend the homeland and rescue the peoples of Europe from under the fascist yoke.

Curious documents remain from that era. In front of me lies the American newspaper "Washington Post", yellowed with time, in which it is written with spiritual masculine excitement: "You tremble at the thought of what could have happened if the Red Army had collapsed under the pressure of the advancing German troops or if the Russian people had been less courageous and undaunted..."

The peoples, heads of government and parliaments of the countries of the world did not hide their highest opinion of the courage of the Soviet people. English newspapers admitted: “If there were no Red Army, fate free peoples would be truly gloomy."

The victories of the Soviet Army added strength to the people in countries enslaved by fascism, where the Resistance movement flared up more and more brightly. We are proud that our compatriots, such as Moscow mechanic Fyodor Poetan and Leningrader Anatoly Tarasov, fought in the ranks of the partisans of Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Belgium, France, and Italy.

The battles with the Nazis were a struggle that continues to this day Soviet people for peace. And the machine gunners, holding tightly to the pulsating handles of their butt plates, dreamed of the time when they would be able to take hold of the plow heads. There are known cases when, in between battles, tank crews yearning for peaceful labor, attaching plows to their “thirty-fours”, plowed the land for Polish and Yugoslav peasants.

The Soviet people and their mighty Armed Forces justified the hopes of millions of people - they expelled the fascist hordes from their land and helped many peoples free themselves from fascist enslavement.

The Soviet people are closely connected with their army. How many homes are decorated with photographs of soldiers with military orders and medals on their tunics! IN family albums More than once I have seen photographs of our soldiers with German children in their arms, trustingly hugging their necks.

And often, when I see such a truly humane photograph, I see Berlin: streets like quarries, and camp kitchens from which company cooks pour soup for hungry German women.

Having arrived on German soil as a winner, the Soviet soldier understood very well that there were two Germanys at war with each other: the Germany of the capitalists, the fascist bosses - and the Germany of millions of German workers and peasants.

In Weimar, the lovely green town where Goethe wrote his immortal Faust, where Schiller, Heine and Liszt worked, a Soviet soldier saw the Buchenwald extermination camp, built by the executioner Himmler for the German communists.

Filled with anger, a Soviet soldier entered the crematorium, in which the SS men burned tens of thousands of disobedient Germans and killed the leader of the German labor movement, the unforgettable Ernst Thälmann.

Soviet soldiers offered a reliable hand of friendship true heroes the German people - the people whom they liberated from the death camps, who then returned from emigration, who came out of the deep underground, where they were hiding from the Gestapo.

The Soviet people helped these heroes sow the bloody, incinerated soil of Germany with the good seeds of life. From these seeds grew a young Germanic Democratic Republic- a state of eighteen million German workers, peasants, and intellectuals building socialism.

All progressive minds admit great merit of the Soviet people before humanity. They know that the USSR steadfastly withstood all the hardships of the Second World War and turned out to be stronger than the enemy.

Our victory came at a great price. Millions of graves of Soviet soldiers are scattered from the Volga to the Spree.

Good monuments stand in the capitals of European states liberated by our army. And, thinking now about the army, I remember the bronze Soviet soldier in a Berlin park, crushing a swastika cut with a sword with his boot and holding a rescued child in his arms.

Children should live more beautiful and happier than us. But in last years A new dark shadow hangs over the cradles of millions of children - the devilish shadow of the hydrogen bomb.

This shadow kills sunlight joys of life. The main goal of humanity today is the struggle for peace!

We live in such a difficult time when even preparations for war are dangerous for all inhabitants of our planet. People of science have proven that tests of atomic and hydrogen weapons contaminate not only the earth, but also the air and even water with deadly dust.

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov, born on May 24, 1905 in the Kruzhilino farmstead, Sholokhov district, Rostov region. Russian writer, laureate Nobel Prize on literature 1965. Author of works - "Don Stories", "Azure Steppe", " Quiet Don", "Virgin Soil Upturned", "They Fought for the Motherland", "The Science of Hate", "The Word about the Motherland", "The Fate of Man". Died on February 21, 1984 in the village of Vyoshenskaya, Rostov region, USSR.

Aphorisms, quotes, sayings, phrases Sholokhov M.A.

Health is the head of everything.
The greatest wealth of a people is its language.
The past is like that distant steppe in the haze.
Those trousers over there don't stay on their ass, what kind of war?
It doesn’t happen that you have to live in the cold all your life.
In a time of unrest and depravity, brothers, do not judge your brother.
If there is no meaning in death, then there was no meaning in life.
We write according to the dictates of our hearts, and our hearts belong to the party.
You have become thin, as if sickness is wearing you down. It is not you who eat the bread, but he who eats you.
Don't think that there are people made of iron. We are all cut from the same material.
That’s why youth is given to be ebullient, active, life-affirming.
A writer must be able to directly tell the reader the truth, no matter how bitter it may be.
Only those who firmly know what they are fighting for and believe in their cause win.
Love the book with all your heart! She's not only yours best friend, but also a faithful companion to the end.
It is a sacred duty to love the country that gave us water and nurtured us like a mother.
Ask any elderly person, did he notice how he lived his life? He didn't notice a damn thing.
Dear, bright Motherland! All our boundless love is for you, all our thoughts are with you.
For thousands of years, countless treasures of human thought and experience accumulate and live forever in the word.
And I can get along with at least three women under one roof, you know, I’m flexible as long as they don’t bother me.
The diversity of human relationships is immeasurable, which are imprinted in well-known folk sayings and aphorisms.
What kind of shoulders did our women and children have to have so as not to bend under such a weight? But they did not bend, they stood.
To the assessment of everyone work of art it is necessary, first of all, to approach it from the point of view of its truthfulness and persuasiveness.
From childhood, my mother taught me to love the Ukrainian people, to Ukrainian art, to the Ukrainian song - one of the sweetest in the world.
And what, my dears, did he find good in her? If only there was a woman, otherwise. No butt, no belly, just strife. Our girls walk smoother than her.
Our soldier showed himself to be a hero during the days of the Patriotic War. The whole world knows about the Russian soldier, about his valor, about his Suvorov-like qualities.
If these young men with a dark conscience had been caught in the memorable twenties, when they were judged not based on strictly delimited articles of the Criminal Code, but “guided by revolutionary legal consciousness,” oh, these werewolves would have received the wrong punishment.
They beat you because you were Russian, because you White light You still look at me because you work for them, bastards. They also beat you for looking the wrong way, stepping the wrong way, or turning the wrong way. They beat him simply, in order to someday kill him to death, so that he would choke on his last blood and die from the beatings. There probably weren’t enough stoves for all of us in Germany.