The first name of Oblomov. Completion of studies and beginning of adult life

In 1838, Goncharov wrote a humorous story called “Dashing Illness,” which dealt with a strange epidemic that originated in Western Europe and ended up in St. Petersburg: empty dreams, castles in the air, “the blues.” This “dashing sickness” is a prototype of “Oblomovism”.

The entire novel "Oblomov" was first published in 1859 in the first four issues of the magazine " Domestic notes" Starting work on a novel refers to more early period. In 1849, one of the central chapters of “Oblomov” was published - “Oblomov’s Dream”, which the author himself called “the overture of the entire novel.” The author asks the question: what is “Oblomovism” - a “golden age” or death, stagnation? In “The Dream...” the motifs of staticity and immobility, stagnation predominate, but at the same time one can feel the author’s sympathy, good-natured humor, and not just satirical negation.

As Goncharov later claimed, in 1849 the plan for the novel “Oblomov” was ready and the draft version of its first part was completed. “Soon,” Goncharov wrote, “after the publication of Ordinary History in 1847 in Sovremennik, I already had Oblomov’s plan ready in my mind.” In the summer of 1849, when “Oblomov’s Dream” was ready, Goncharov made a trip to his homeland, to Simbirsk, whose life retained the imprint of patriarchal antiquity. In this small town, the writer saw many examples of the “sleep” that the inhabitants of his fictional Oblomovka slept.

Work on the novel was interrupted due to Goncharov's trip around the world on the frigate Pallada. Only in the summer of 1857, after the publication of the travel essays “Frigate “Pallada””, Goncharov continued work on “Oblomov”. In the summer of 1857, he went to the resort of Marienbad, where within a few weeks he completed three parts of the novel. In August of the same year, Goncharov began working on the last, fourth, part of the novel, the final chapters of which were written in 1858. “It will seem unnatural,” Goncharov wrote to one of his friends, “how can a person finish in a month what he could not finish in a year? To this I will answer that if there were no years, nothing would be written per month. The fact of the matter is that the novel was taken down to the smallest scenes and details and all that remained was to write it down.” Goncharov recalled this in his article “ An extraordinary story“: “The whole novel had already been completely processed in my head - and I transferred it to paper, as if under dictation...” However, while preparing the novel for printing, Goncharov re-wrote “Oblomov” in 1858, adding new scenes to it, and made some cuts. Having completed work on the novel, Goncharov said: “I wrote my life and what grows into it.”

Goncharov admitted that the idea of ​​“Oblomov” was influenced by Belinsky’s ideas. The most important circumstance that influenced the concept of the work is considered to be Belinsky’s speech regarding Goncharov’s first novel - “ An ordinary story" In his article “A Look at Russian Literature of 1847,” Belinsky analyzed in detail the image of a noble romantic, an “extra person” claiming an honorable place in life, and emphasized the inactivity of such a romantic in all spheres of life, his laziness and apathy. Demanding the merciless exposure of such a hero, Belinsky also pointed to the possibility of a different ending to the novel than in “An Ordinary History.” When creating the image of Oblomov, Goncharov used a number of characteristic features, outlined by Belinsky in his analysis of “Ordinary History”.

The image of Oblomov also contains autobiographical features. By Goncharov’s own admission, he himself was a sybarite, he loved serene peace, which gives rise to creativity. In his travel diary “Frigate “Pallada”” Goncharov admitted that during the trip most spent time in the cabin, lying on the sofa, not to mention the difficulty with which he even decided to circumnavigation. In the friendly circle of the Maykovs, who treated the writer with great love, Goncharov was given a multi-valued nickname - “Prince de Lazy”.

The appearance of the novel "Oblomov" coincided with time acute crisis serfdom. The image of an apathetic landowner, incapable of activity, who grew up and was brought up in the patriarchal atmosphere of a manorial estate, where the gentlemen lived serenely thanks to the labor of serfs, was very relevant for his contemporaries. ON THE. Dobrolyubov in his article “What is Oblomovism?” (1859) praised the novel and this phenomenon. In the person of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, it is shown how environment and upbringing disfigure a person’s beautiful nature, giving rise to laziness, apathy, and lack of will.

Oblomov’s path is a typical path of provincial Russian nobles of the 1840s who came to the capital and found themselves outside the circle public life. Service in the department with the inevitable expectation of promotion, from year to year the monotony of complaints, petitions, establishing relationships with clerks - this turned out to be beyond Oblomov’s strength. He preferred colorless lying on the sofa, devoid of hopes and aspirations, to moving up the career ladder. One of the reasons for “dashing illness,” according to the author, is the imperfection of society. This thought of the author is conveyed to the hero: “Either I don’t understand this life, or it’s no good.” This phrase by Oblomov makes me remember famous images « extra people"in Russian literature (Onegin, Pechorin, Bazarov, etc.).

Goncharov wrote about his hero: “I had one artistic ideal: this is an image of an honest and kind, sympathetic nature, in highest degree an idealist who has been struggling all his life, truth seeker, encountering lies at every step, being deceived and falling into apathy and powerlessness.” In Oblomov, the dreaminess that was rushing out in Alexander Aduev, the hero of “An Ordinary Story,” lies dormant. At heart, Oblomov is also a lyricist, a person who knows how to feel deeply - his perception of music, immersion in the captivating sounds of the aria “Casta diva” indicate that not only “dove meekness”, but also passions are accessible to him. Each meeting with his childhood friend Andrei Stolts, the complete opposite of Oblomov, brings the latter out of his sleepy state, but not for long: the determination to do something, to somehow arrange his life takes possession of him for a short time, while Stolts is next to him. However, Stolz does not have enough time to put Oblomov on a different path. But in any society, at all times, there are people like Tarantiev, who are always ready to help for selfish purposes. They determine the channel along which Ilya Ilyich’s life flows.

Published in 1859, the novel was hailed as a major social event. The Pravda newspaper, in an article dedicated to the 125th anniversary of Goncharov’s birth, wrote: “Oblomov appeared in an era of public excitement, several years before the peasant reform, and was perceived as a call to fight against inertia and stagnation.” Immediately after its publication, the novel became the subject of discussion in criticism and among writers.

Characteristics of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov very ambiguous. Goncharov created it complex and mysterious. Oblomov separates himself from the outside world, fences himself off from it. Even his home bears little resemblance to habitation.

WITH early childhood he saw a similar example among his relatives, who also fenced themselves off from the outside world and protected it. In his home it was not customary to work. When he, as a child, played snowballs with peasant children, they then warmed him up for several days. In Oblomovka they were wary of everything new - even a letter that came from a neighbor, in which he asked for a beer recipe, was afraid to open for three days.

But Ilya Ilyich remembers his childhood with joy. He idolizes the nature of Oblomovka, although this is an ordinary village, not particularly remarkable. He was brought up by rural nature. This nature instilled in him poetry and a love of beauty.

Ilya Ilyich does nothing, just complains about something all the time and engages in verbiage. He is lazy, does nothing himself and does not expect anything from others. He accepts life as it is and does not try to change anything in it.

When people come to him and tell him about their lives, he feels that in the bustle of life they forget that they are wasting their lives in vain... And he does not need to fuss, act, does not need to prove anything to anyone. Ilya Ilyich simply lives and enjoys life.

It's hard to imagine him in motion, he looks funny. At rest, lying on the sofa, it is natural. He looks at ease - this is his element, his nature.

Let's summarize what we read:

1. Appearance of Ilya Oblomov. Ilya Ilyich is a young man, 33 years old, of good appearance, of average height, plump. The softness of his facial expression showed him to be a weak-willed and lazy person.
2. Family status. At the beginning of the novel, Oblomov is not married, he lives with his servant Zakhar. At the end of the novel he gets married and is happily married.
3. Description of the home. Ilya lives in St. Petersburg in an apartment on Gorokhovaya Street. The apartment is neglected; the servant Zakhar, who is as lazy as the owner, rarely sneaks into it. A special place in the apartment is occupied by a sofa, on which Oblomov lies around the clock.
4. Behavior and actions of the hero. Ilya Ilyich can hardly be called an active person. Only his friend Stolz manages to bring Oblomov out of his slumber. Main character lies on the sofa and only dreams that he will soon get up from it and take care of business. He cannot even solve pressing problems. His estate has fallen into disrepair and is not bringing in any money, so Oblomov doesn’t even have money to pay the rent.
5. The author's attitude towards the hero. Goncharov has sympathy for Oblomov; he considers him a kind, sincere person. At the same time, he sympathizes with him: it is a pity that a young, capable, not stupid man has lost all interest in life.
6. My attitude towards Ilya Oblomov. In my opinion, he is too lazy and weak-willed, and therefore cannot command respect. At times he just infuriates me, I want to go up and shake him. I don't like people who live their lives so mediocrely. Perhaps I react so strongly to this hero because I feel the same shortcomings in myself.

The image and characteristics of Oblomov will help the reader understand what people become who are accustomed from childhood to getting what they want with the help of others.

External image of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov

“He was a man about thirty-two or three years old, of average height, with dark gray eyes, pleasant appearance."

It was difficult to discern certain emotions on the man’s face. Thoughts wandered around him, but disappeared too quickly, reminiscent of birds.

Ilya Ilyich Oblomov was full. Small, plump arms, narrow shoulders, and a pale neck indicated excessive delicacy. In his youth, the master was distinguished by his slimness. The girls liked the handsome blond man. Now he's gone bald. Andrey Stolts advises his friend to reset excess weight, arguing that it makes you sleepy. When visiting Oblomov’s apartment, he often sees that the master is sleeping on the move, looking for any excuse to lie down on the sofa. And swelling makes it clear that your health is bad. The reason could be the kilograms gained.

Rising from the bed, Oblomov groans like an old man. He calls himself:

“a shabby, worn out, flabby caftan.”

Recently, Ilya Ilyich attended all sorts of social events. Soon going out into the world began to depress him. Traveling with guests required a neat appearance, but he was tired of the daily change of shirts and the requirement to be clean-shaven. Taking care of his own appearance seemed to him a “stupid idea.”

His clothes are always sloppy. Bed linen is rarely changed. Servant Zakhar often makes comments to him. Stolz assures us that people haven’t been wearing robes like the ones he wears for a long time. The socks he wears are from different pairs. He could easily have worn his shirt inside out and not noticed.

“Oblomov was always in the house without a tie or vest. He loved space and freedom. The shoes on my feet were wide. When I lowered my legs from the bed, I immediately fell into them.”

Many details appearance they say that Ilya is really lazy and indulges his own weaknesses.

Housing and life

“The room where Ilya lay seemed perfectly decorated. There was a mahogany bureau, two sofas upholstered in expensive fabrics, and luxurious screens with embroidery. There were carpets, curtains, paintings, expensive porcelain figurines.”

Interior items were expensive items. But this did not brighten up the negligence emanating from every corner of the room.

There were a lot of cobwebs on the walls and ceiling. The furniture was covered with a thick layer of dust. After meetings with his beloved Olga Ilyinskaya, he came home, sat on the sofa, and drew on a dusty table in capital letters her name. Placed on the table various items. There were dirty plates and towels, last year's newspapers, books with yellowed pages. There are two sofas in Oblomov's room.

Attitude to learning. Education

“Father and mother put Ilyusha in front of a book. It was worth the loud cries, tears and whims.”

When he had to leave for training, he came to his mother and asked her to stay at home.

“He came to his mother sadly. She knew the reason, and secretly sighed about being separated from her son for a whole week.”

I studied at the university without enthusiasm. Absolutely not interested additional information, read what the teachers asked.

He was content with writing in a notebook.

In the life of student Oblomov there was a passion for poetry. Comrade Andrei Stolts brought him various books from the family library. At first he read them with delight, but soon abandoned them, which was to be expected from him. Ilya managed to graduate from university, but the necessary knowledge was not deposited in his head. When it was necessary to demonstrate his knowledge of law and mathematics, Oblomov failed. I have always believed that education is sent to a person as retribution for sins.

Service

Oblomov “never made any progress in any field, he continued to stand at the threshold of his own arena.”

Something had to be done, and he decided to go to St. Petersburg to establish himself in the service as a clerical clerk.

At 20, he was quite naive; certain views on life could be attributed to inexperience. The young man was sure that

“The officials formed a friendly, close family, concerned about mutual peace and pleasure.”

He also believed that there was no need to attend services every day.

“Slush, heat or simply a lack of desire can always serve as a legitimate excuse for not going to work. Ilya Ilyich was upset when he saw that he had to be at work strictly adhering to the schedule. I suffered from melancholy, despite the condescending boss.”

After working for two years, I made a serious mistake. When sending important document, confused Astrakhan with Arkhangelsk. I didn’t wait for a reprimand. I wrote a report about leaving, but before that I stayed at home, hiding behind my failing health.

After the circumstances that occurred, he made no attempts to return to service. He was glad that he didn’t need it now:

“from nine to three, or from eight to nine, write reports.”

Now he is absolutely sure that work cannot make a person happy.

Relationships with others

“An observant person, glancing briefly at Oblomov, would say: “Good guy, simplicity!”

His communication with his servant Zakhar from the very first chapters can radically change his opinion. He often raises his voice. Lackey really deserves a little shake-up. The master pays him for maintaining order in the apartment. He often puts off cleaning. Finds hundreds of reasons why cleaning is impossible today. There are already bedbugs, cockroaches in the house, and occasionally a mouse runs through. It is for all sorts of violations that the master scolds him.

Guests come to the apartment: Oblomov’s former colleague Sudbinsky, writer Penkin, fellow countryman Tarantiev. Each of those present tells Ilya Ilyich, who is lying in bed, about his eventful life, and is invited to take a walk and unwind. However, he refuses everyone, leaving the house is a burden for him. The master is afraid that it will leak through him. In every sentence he sees a problem and expects a catch.

“Although Oblomov is affectionate with many, he sincerely loves one, trusts him alone, maybe because he grew up and lived with him. This is Andrei Ivanovich Stolts.”

It will become clear that despite his indifference to all kinds of entertainment, Oblomov does not dislike people. They still want to cheer him up and make another attempt to pull him out of his beloved bed.

Living with the widow Pshenitsyna, Ilya takes great pleasure in working with her children, teaching them to read and write. With the aunt of his beloved Olga Ilyinskaya, he easily finds common topics for conversation. All this proves Oblomov’s simplicity, the lack of arrogance, which is inherent in many landowners.

Love

Confessing his love to Olga will plunge her into embarrassment. They haven't seen each other for a long time. Oblomov moves to live in a rented dacha located near his beloved’s house. I just couldn’t control myself enough to visit her again. But fate itself will bring them together, organizing a chance meeting for them.

Inspired by feelings, Oblomov changes into better side.

"He gets up at seven o'clock. There is no fatigue or boredom on the face. Shirts and ties shine like snow. His coat is beautifully tailored.”

Feelings have a positive effect on his self-education. He reads books and doesn't lie idle on the couch. Writes letters to the estate manager with requests and instructions to improve the situation of the estate. Before his relationship with Olga, he always put it off until later. Dreams of family and children.

Olga becomes more and more convinced of his feelings. He carries out all her instructions. However, “Oblomovism” does not let the hero go. Soon it begins to seem to him that he:

“is in Ilyinskaya’s service.”

In his soul there is a struggle between apathy and love. Oblomov believes that it is impossible to feel sympathy for someone like him. “It’s funny to love someone like that, with flabby cheeks and sleepy eyes.”

The girl responds to his guesses with crying and suffering. Seeing the sincerity in her feelings, he regrets what he said. After a while, he again begins to look for a reason to avoid meetings. And when his beloved comes to him, he can’t get enough of her beauty and decides to propose marriage to her. However, the current way of life takes its toll.

He keeps postponing the wedding. He gets tired of frequent meetings and walks. Olga understands this. She breaks off the relationship because she cannot change Ilya, and she cannot live with a person indifferent to life.

last years of life

Ilya Ilyich Oblomov suffered several apoplexy attacks. Fate measured out to him short journey. After another attack, he died.

Any person who claims to be literate is familiar with the names of Leo Tolstoy, Ivan Turgenev, Fyodor Dostoevsky and can certainly cite as examples the names of some of the most famous works these authors. But who wrote "Oblomov"? Who was this writer? And why did his hero acquire such symbolic popularity?

Childhood and teenage years of the future writer

Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov (the one who wrote "Oblomov") was born in Simbirsk, now known as Ulyanovsk, in 1812. He was the son of a rich merchant. But Ivan Alekseevich’s dad died seven years after the boy was born, young Ivan was raised godfather, Nikolai Tregubov, a liberal-minded aristocrat. He opened up broader cultural horizons and a refined lifestyle for Goncharov.

Ivan Goncharov initially studied at a commercial school in 1822; his studies continued for eight years. As he later recalled, these were the most miserable years of his life. Ivan couldn't stand it low quality education and methods of harsh discipline. His only consolation at that time was self-education.

Obtaining higher education and debut publications

And then at Moscow University, in an atmosphere of intellectual freedom and lively debate, Goncharov's spirit flourished. During his studies, Ivan Alekseevich met some of the leading minds of his era, but did not join any of the student circles that were full of faith in the ideals of the philosophy of German romanticism.

Goncharov remained indifferent to the ideas of political and social change that were gaining popularity at that time. His main occupation is reading and translating. In 1832, two chapters from the work of Eugene Sue were published, which were translated by Ivan Alekseevich. This became his debut publication.

Completion of studies and beginning of adult life

After graduating in 1834, Goncharov served for almost thirty years as a government official. He first returned home to enter the office of the Simbirsk governor, and a year later he moved to St. Petersburg and began working as a translator at the Ministry of Finance.

Unlike literary rivals such as Turgenev or Goncharov, he was forced to earn his own living, and not just rely on writing. Ivan Alekseevich, of course, became a member of the literary circle founded in the Maykovs’ house, and even wrote poetry. But soon he stopped dabbling in poetry altogether. Many of Goncharov's poems were included in the novel "Ordinary History" as works by Aduev. A sure sign that the author has stopped taking them seriously.

The writing career of the one who wrote "Oblomov". Photo of the author of the work

Goncharov's first prose began to appear in "Snowdrop". This is a satirical story "Dashing Sickness", in which he ridiculed romantic sentimentalism. Then came secular drama with a touch of comedy, and most significant work At that time there was an essay entitled “Ivan Savvich Podzhabrin”. This is how it began literary career the one who wrote "Oblomov".

Despite the fact that Ivan Alekseevich began writing a long time ago, his first serious work was “Ordinary History.” She talks about the clash between the disintegrating Russian nobility and the new trading classes. The most influential critic of the time characterized the novel as an attack on outdated romanticism.

The most popular work, or the second novel by Ivan Alekseevich

In what year was “Oblomov” written? Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov began his second novel in the late 1840s, but the process was slow for many reasons. In one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five he accepted the position of censor and traveled to England, Africa and Japan as secretary to Admiral Putyatin.

And the novel “Oblomov” itself first appeared in the magazine “Otechestvennye zapiski” in 1859. It is dedicated to the protagonist's midlife crisis. Distinctive feature Ilya Ilyich has a lazy attitude towards life. The author portrayed his character with sympathy, although he was the personification of the nobility.

The main questions in the work of Ivan Alekseevich

What primarily interests the common reader? This is, first of all, what the work is about, and not just who wrote it. "Oblomov" is a novel that describes the fate of the landowner Ilya Ilyich, and on the basis of this plot, the author in his work examines many important issues that he faces Russian society in the nineteenth century. This is the uselessness of many landowners and nobles in society, difficult relationships between members of different classes of society, such as Oblomov and his servant Zakhar.

The main character is a young and generous nobleman, but he seems generally unable to make important decisions or initiate any significant actions. Throughout the entire work, he rarely leaves his room or bed. Moreover, during the first fifty or so pages, Ilya Ilyich very famously manages not to leave her at all.

The meaning of a famous work

Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov (the one who wrote the novel “Oblomov”) probably did not imagine that his work would become so popular that it would leave a significant imprint on Russian culture. Moreover, Goncharov's work will add new words to the Russian vocabulary. The main character's name will often be used to describe someone who exhibits lazy and apathetic personality traits, similar to the character novel.

The work aroused unanimous recognition not only among readers, but also among critics. There were those who wrote: Oblomov is the last person in the line of “superfluous people” after Onegin, Pechorin and Rudin in the disintegrating feudal Russia. Nikolai Dobrolyubov noted that the novel was translated into foreground and subjected to very careful analysis important issues that era. Special view laziness, leading to self-destruction of the individual.

The last years of the life of the famous writer and critic

Like these ones global problems The one who wrote “Oblomov” was able to touch upon it in his work. Nevertheless, Ivan Alekseevich was not a prolific writer. He published only three of his novels. Ten years after the publication of the novel “Oblomov”, another work called “The Cliff” was published, which also had significant success among readers.

Goncharov is planning a fourth novel, but his dreams did not materialize. Instead, he becomes a critic and makes numerous theatrical and literature reviews. Towards the end of his life, Ivan Alekseevich wrote unusual memoirs in which he accused his literary rivals of plagiarizing his works. He died in St. Petersburg on September 24, 1891 from pneumonia.

This is how the life of the wonderful writer and critic Ivan Alekseevich Goncharov passed - the one who wrote the novel "Oblomov". His photo is now known to every schoolchild. And the works are not only popular, but also loved among a wide range of readers.

Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” is one of the iconic works of Russian literature of the 19th century. It is part of a trilogy with two other books by the writer - “An Ordinary Story” and “The Precipice”. The history of the creation of the novel “Oblomov” by Goncharov began long before the idea of ​​the work appeared - the idea of ​​“Oblomovism” as an all-encompassing social phenomenon appeared to the author even before the appearance of the first novel of the trilogy, “An Ordinary Story.”

Chronology of the creation of the novel

The prototype of “Oblomovism” in early work Researchers consider Goncharov’s story “Dashing Illness” written in 1838. The work described a strange epidemic, the main symptom of which was “the blues”; patients began to build castles in the air and indulge themselves in empty dreams. Manifestations of a similar “disease” are observed in the main character of the novel, Oblomov.

However, the history of the novel “Oblomov” itself begins in 1849, when Goncharov published in the “Literary Collection with Illustrations” one of the central chapters of the work - “Oblomov’s Dream” with the subtitle “Episode from an Unfinished Novel”. While writing the chapter, the writer was in his homeland, Simbirsk, where, in a patriarchal way of life that retained the imprint of antiquity, Goncharov gleaned many examples of “Oblomov’s dream,” which he depicted first in a printed passage and then in a novel. At the same time, the writer had already prepared a briefly sketched plan for the future work and a draft version of the entire first part.

In 1850, Goncharov created a clean version of the first part and worked on a continuation of the work. The writer writes little, but thinks a lot about the novel. In October 1852, the history of Oblomov was interrupted for five whole years - Goncharov, in the position of secretary under Admiral E.V. Putyatin, was sent on the frigate Pallada to trip around the world. Work on the work was resumed only in June 1857, when, while staying in Marienbard, the writer completed almost the entire novel in seven weeks. As Goncharov said later, during the journey, the novel had already completely taken shape in his imagination, and it just needed to be transferred to paper.

In the fall of 1858, Goncharov completely completed work on the manuscript of Oblomov, adding many scenes and completely reworking some chapters. In 1859, the novel was published in four issues of the journal Otechestvennye zapiski.

Prototypes of the heroes of the novel “Oblomov”

Oblomov

The creative history of the novel “Oblomov” originates in the life of the author himself, Ivan Goncharov. For the writer, he said, it was important to depict true reality, without straying into the “soil of a thinker.” That is why central character– Goncharov based Ilya Ilyich Oblomov on himself. According to the memoirs of the writer’s contemporaries, the author and the character of the novel have a lot in common - they both come from the Russian outback with a patriarchal, outdated way of life, both are slow and at first glance lazy, at the same time they have a lively mind, artistic imagination and a certain dreaminess, which cannot be said from the first impression.

Olga

The prototype of the main female image - Olga Ilyinskaya, Goncharov also drew from own life. According to researchers, the prototypes of the girl are the writer’s acquaintances - Elizaveta Vasilievna Tolstaya and Ekaterina Pavlovna Maykova. Goncharov was in love with E. Tolstoy - like Olga for Oblomov, so Elizaveta Vasilievna was for him the ideal of a woman, warmth, female mind and beauty. The correspondence between Goncharov and E. Tolstoy represents a parallel with the events of the novel - even the theory of love between the creator and the hero of the book coincides. The author endowed Olga with all the beautiful features that he saw in Elizaveta Vasilievna, transferring his own feelings and experiences onto paper. Just as Olga in the novel was not destined to marry Oblomov, so E. Tolstoy was expected to marry her cousin A.I. Musin-Pushkin.

The prototype of the married heroine, Olga Stolts, becomes Maykova, the wife of V.N. Maykov. Ekaterina Pavlovna and Goncharov had a strong and long-lasting friendship that began at one of the evenings at the Makov literary salon. In the image of Maykova, the writer drew a completely different type of woman - constantly searching, striving forward, not satisfied with anything, for whom gradually family life became painful and cramped. However, as some researchers point out, after latest edition In the novel “Oblomov”, the image of Ilyinskaya increasingly resembled not E. Tolstoy, but Maikova.

Agafya

Second important female image novel - the image of Agafya Matveevna Pshenitsyna, was copied by Goncharov from the memories of the writer’s mother, Avdotya Matveevna. According to researchers, the tragedy of the marriage between Agafya and Oblomov became a reflection of the life drama of Goncharov’s godfather, N. Tregubov.

Stolz

The image of Stolz is not only a composite character of the German type, a bearer of a different mentality and a different worldview. The description of the hero is based on the history of the family of Karl-Friedrich Rudolf, the father of Elizaveta Goncharova, the wife of the writer’s older brother. On this connection also indicates that in the draft editions the hero has two names - Andrei and Karl, and in lifetime editions in the scene of the character’s first appearance his name appears as Andrei Karlovich. However, there is a version that Stolz is also one of the personifications in the novel of one of the sides of the writer himself - his youthful aspirations and practicality.

conclusions

The history of the creation of "Oblomov" allows us to better understand ideological meaning the novel, its inner depth and special importance for the author. Having “nurtured” the idea of ​​the work for more than ten years, Goncharov created a brilliant work that even today makes us think about in true sense life, love and the search for happiness.

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