Without salt, without bread, meaningless conversation. Designing and decorating a salt shaker made of paper “without salt, without bread, bad conversation”

A short or full or too thin neck suits you: If you have a short or full neck, then, again, things with a neckline will help make it visually slimmer. Only this time the neckline should not be round, but triangular or deep slit-like. In addition, you will be decorated

Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. See GUEST BASTERY...

Wed. Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. Our brother, a Russian, loves to munch. Leskov. Islanders. 5. See our brother... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary

- (half of the conversation). See FOOD... IN AND. Dahl. Proverbs of the Russian people

See: You can’t put down lies... IN AND. Dahl. Proverbs of the Russian people

Women mutual conversation, sociable speech between people, their verbal communication, exchange of feelings and thoughts in words. What were you talking about last night? | Speech, dialect, word, language, adverb, method of explanation, pronunciation; syllable, figure of speech. The Galicians have a different... Dictionary Dahl

Conversation- - all kinds of dialogue, especially in everyday situations, including in a situation of discussing a matter, in a situation of rest. Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. In someone else's conversation, everyone will buy wisdom. Live among neighbors, be in conversations. A good conversationalist, but expensive (a lot... ... encyclopedic Dictionary in psychology and pedagogy

conversation- all kinds of dialogue, especially in everyday situations, including in a situation of discussing a matter, in a situation of rest. Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. In someone else's conversation, everyone will buy wisdom. Live among neighbors, be in conversations. A good conversationalist, but expensive (a lot... ... Culture of speech communication: Ethics. Pragmatics. Psychology

Easy to remember. Just remember him, and he’s here. They remembered the wolf, and he was here. Remember the wolf, and the wolf is from the stake. No hearing, no spirit, no news, no bones. And the eyes don't show. And we don’t see his appearance. At least he spat on us (i.e., visited). How young is the month... ... IN AND. Dahl. Proverbs of the Russian people

Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Wed, music the fifth note is okay, ge. II. SALT (wives) a compound substance, a combination of alkali and acid into one, according to chemical affinity; in this meaning saltpeter and vitriol of salt, also gypsum, lime, chalk, etc. | Salt, table salt, kitchen salt, sodium chloride... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

In a lesson on the topic “Design and decoration of household items,” students get acquainted with the works folk art who lived with a person, helped in everyday life, work, and took part in holidays. Considering the objects of peasant life, varied in form and decoration, we dwell in more detail on the form, design of salt licks, and their decoration with carvings and paintings. The lesson can begin with an ancient legend and reveal the concept of the word “fishery”, as well as the attitude of the Russian peasant to salt. Two lessons can be taught on this topic: in the first lesson, the design of the salt shaker is thought out, and then students cut out the parts of the salt shaker from paper.

To do this, it is necessary to determine two main parts of the future product: vertical and horizontal. Next, fold the vertical part in half lengthwise. The resulting fold is the center, the middle of the future product. using a line, outline half the silhouette of the salt shaker and cut it out. Then students think over the composition of the painting or carved pattern, including their favorite images and motifs, complementing them with geometric and floral elements. As the pattern is completed, the details of the salt shaker can be tinted with ocher watercolors to resemble wood. In the second lesson, students paint salt shakers (wall boxes). Before starting practical work, it is necessary to once again demonstrate the various options for decorating salt shakers.

Painting can be done in watercolor or gouache. The lesson ends with an exhibition and discussion of the works. Students analyze their work, identify the most successful, strong ones and identify positive qualities in weak works. You can also invite the children to try to determine whether a salt shaker (wall box) can be used in our everyday life.

There is an old legend that the world began with a tree. Its trunk is the axis of the universe, its roots went into mother earth, and its crown scattered like stars in the sky.

Village - wooden world, it begins with a tree, it is built with it, it is heated, it breathes. From time immemorial, wood has been the most accessible and favorite material of folk artistic creativity, because the people have never known “non-artistic” creativity, indifferent to the perfection of expressiveness.

Whether it was a plow, a spinning wheel, a frame - no matter what the peasant hands undertook to make, they imparted beauty to everything, an intricate pattern, smooth lines - to the delight of the eye and heart.

The word “fishery” comes from the word “to provide”, that is, to think about how to obtain means of living. And the fishery existed as long as it generated income and fed.

The prudent craftsmen, like peasants, understood: if the work is very simple, people won’t buy it; if the work is too intricate, it will be at a loss; you won’t be able to do much. And the price will increase - again they won’t buy it. Peasant savvy always helped the master find the right amount of expressive means to both decorate the object and sell it without sacrificing profit.

Did you know that the tradition of gathering together at the festive table has roots in the distant, pre-Christian past? And that every item placed on the table of our ancestors had a special ritual meaning and never appeared by chance?

The table etiquette of our ancestors was very strict. You need to sit at the table and behave like in church. Standing on the countertop was considered sacrilege; they also avoided placing objects other than food on it. Bread and salt were placed in the most honorable place. Folk craftsmen They created amazingly diverse forms of salt licks and the richness of their decor from wood. In proverbs and sayings, epics, fairy tales and folk songs, bread and salt are almost always mentioned together. They are inseparable on the dinner table. “Without bread it is insatiable, and without salt it is tasteless,” “Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad,” say popular proverbs.

Since ancient times, bread and salt have been considered a symbol of wealth and well-being, generosity and hospitality. By old custom and now dear guests are greeted in Rus' with bread and salt, and uninvited guests leave “without a sip.” A person cannot do without salt just like without air and water. That is why salt was always treated very carefully - spilling salt was considered a great sin. They stored it in reliable salt shakers, or salt licks. Dimensions, proportions, designs, materials and decorative finishing were determined by the purpose of the salt shakers.

Going to long journey, along with the bread, they always took salt, pouring it into travel salt shakers. They were most often woven from birch bark or spruce, pine, and cedar roots. Salt shakers made of birch bark were shaped like a cube, a duck, or a boot. To prevent the salt from spilling and spilling, the salt shaker was tightly closed with a reliable stopper.

“The table is crooked,” the guests say if the hostess forgets to put a salt shaker on it. The ancient salt cellars served on the table differed from their travel counterparts in their more impressive size and rich decorative decoration. In ancient Novgorod, wide, squat salt cellars turned on lathes were common. In the North there were turned salt shakers, painted oil paints. But most often, salt shakers were sculpturally processed using cutting tools. Folk craftsmen gave them the shape of a swan or duck and even a lion. A salt shaker in the shape of a duck or swan was widespread in the Russian North. (Appendix 3) . In ancient times, birds, including the duck and swan, were revered by the people as a symbol of happiness and family well-being. Their sculptural or pictorial representation was a kind of amulet. Still. In some peasant families, the custom has been preserved to constantly keep a salt shaker - a duck on the dining table, covered with a tablecloth. When carving a duck salt shaker, the master left a bridge between the beak and chest, which served as a convenient handle. The back, along with part of the tail, was sawed off and a spacious recess for salt was selected in the body with incisors. Then the sawn part was installed in its original place instead of the lid. Near the tail, holes were drilled into which a round rod was inserted, the so-called swivel. (Appendices 4) . If it was necessary to open the salt shaker, the lid on the swivel was easily moved to the side. Some salt and duck shakers had removable lids. Salt shakers were decorated with laconic carvings or paintings. If the raw material was valuable birch burl wood, then the craftsmen tried to identify and emphasize natural beauty texture pattern.

In the Upper and Middle Volga regions, the so-called salt cellars - chairs - became widespread. Apparently, the poet B. Dubrovin had them in mind: The lack of salt responded like a blow!

You can't live on earth without it!
Empress - salt!
And not without reason
Solonitsa,
Like a throne, on the table!

In shape, such saltboxes really resembled armchairs, and some of them, skillfully decorated with carvings, can be compared to a throne. The individual parts of the salt shakers have the same names as the parts of the chair, for example the back, armrests, legs, etc. Over many centuries, peasant life has developed special type salt shaker covers - chairs. Two cylindrical rods cut from the protrusions of the lid - swivels rotate in holes drilled in the armrests of the side walls. The lid, rotating on swivels, easily folds back and rests against the back of the salt shaker. Rising above the body of the salt shaker, the back served as a convenient handle for carrying it. Sometimes a through figured hole was cut in the back. Such a salt shaker could be hung on the kitchen wall in a convenient place. The design of the salt shakers is designed in such a way that there is not a single nail or any other metal fastener in it. And this is no coincidence - after all, metal parts quickly rust or oxidize from salt and moisture, and then collapse.

The famous Russian master Ivan Vasilyevich Savinov, who lived in the village of Timirevo not far from Moscow, made a salt cake which, it seems, was intended as a gift to friends; The master worked hard to decorate it. It itself is carved in the form of a chair with a lid (many peasant salt licks have this shape). (Appendix 6) . All its walls are dotted with carved ornaments and scenes from village life. Here are two wanderers with knapsacks and a staff. They are replaced by a peasant woman who bakes pancakes. Nearby - three cheerful men are sitting at the table, in front of them there is a stack of pancakes on a plate, and the hostess brings another whole dish. Now the fun feast will begin. But there is time for business, an hour for fun, as he says folk proverb. Here we see peasants at work. One plows with a plow, driving a horse, the other sows from a basket. All the scenes are very lively, authentic in the smallest detail. The signature on the back wall indicates: “Volost Court” - several bearded men clearly came to some kind of business. (Appendix 7)

In the decoration of this salt shaker, Savinov remained true to his love for sculptural images: The salt shaker stands on legs carved in the shape of bearded heads. And on top, on the lid, there are three chickens: as if alive, they are walking one after another, about to cackle.

According to the technique of making saltcellars, chairs can be divided into three types: dugout, carpenter's and cooper's. Dugout salt shakers are cut from a whole piece of wood, knocking out the cavity with special cutters. Carpentry is assembled from individual planks using techniques for joining wooden parts, for example into a tenon. Cooper's salt shakers are also assembled from separate planks, but they are fastened to each other, like the rivets of a cooper's dish, using a willow hoop. But many of these salt shakers were made by Volga region craftsmen for sale. Not only peasants, but also city dwellers willingly bought them. Durable, reliable and spacious salt shakers served them for many years.

It is no secret that some people nowadays keep salt in glass jars, closing them with plastic lids. Need I say how inconvenient this “salt shaker” is? In addition, it constantly has to be removed out of sight - after all, it is unlikely that anyone would think of putting such a salt shaker in a prominent place as a decoration. And besides, there is always a risk of breaking the jar and spilling salt. A wooden salt shaker, whether ancient or recently made, fits perfectly into the interior of a modern home. There is no need to hide it, and there is no need to talk about its convenience - it is confirmed by the centuries-old experience of the people. (Fig. 1, Fig. 2)

Without salt, without bread - bad conversation

Wed. Without salt without bread - bad conversation.

Our brother, a Russian, loves to munch.

Leskov. Islanders. 5.

Cm. our brother.

Russian thought and speech. Yours and someone else's. Experience of Russian phraseology. Collection of figurative words and parables. T.T. 1-2. Walking and apt words. Collection of Russian and foreign quotes, proverbs, sayings, proverbial expressions and individual words. St. Petersburg, type. Ak. Sci.. M. I. Mikhelson. 1896-1912.

See what “no salt, no bread is a bad conversation” in other dictionaries:

Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. See GUEST BASTERY...

Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. Wed. Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. Our brother, the Russian man, loves to munch. Leskov. Islanders. 5. See Our Brother... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)

- (half of the conversation). See FOOD... IN AND. Dahl. Proverbs of the Russian people

See: You can’t put down lies... IN AND. Dahl. Proverbs of the Russian people

Women mutual conversation, sociable speech between people, their verbal communication, exchange of feelings and thoughts in words. What were you talking about last night? | Speech, dialect, word, language, adverb, method of explanation, pronunciation; syllable, figure of speech. The Galicians have a different... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Conversation- - all kinds of dialogue, especially in everyday situations, including in a situation of discussing a matter, in a situation of rest. Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. In someone else's conversation, everyone will buy wisdom. Live among neighbors, be in conversations. A good conversationalist, but expensive (a lot... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychology and Pedagogy

conversation- all kinds of dialogue, especially in everyday situations, including in a situation of discussing a matter, in a situation of rest. Without salt, without bread, conversation is bad. In someone else's conversation, everyone will buy wisdom. Live among neighbors, be in conversations. A good conversationalist, but expensive (a lot... ... Culture of speech communication: Ethics. Pragmatics. Psychology

Easy to remember. Just remember him, and he’s here. They remembered the wolf, and he was here. Remember the wolf, and the wolf is from the stake. No hearing, no spirit, no news, no bones. And the eyes don't show. And we don’t see his appearance. At least he spat on us (i.e., visited). How young is the month... ... IN AND. Dahl. Proverbs of the Russian people

Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Wed, music the fifth note is okay, ge. II. SALT (wives) a compound substance, a combination of alkali and acid into one, according to chemical affinity; in this meaning saltpeter and vitriol of salt, also gypsum, lime, chalk, etc. | Salt, table salt, kitchen salt, sodium chloride... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

The Murmansk Art Museum presents an exhibition from the series of simple things “Without salt, without bread, bad conversation.” Salt shakers.

“Eat bread and salt and decide the truth,” the carver’s hand skillfully traced on the back wall of the 18th-century Kostroma salt monastery. Decorated with patterned belts and rosettes, it attracts attention and makes you think. Why did the master spend so much time, handicraft and invention on decorating such a common object in our time? Why were they so lovingly and carefully preserved for many years, finally taking their rightful place in museum collections?

Salt shakers are very diverse in shape, manufacturing technique, and decor. Some are hollowed out, in the form of swimming ducks or horsemen proudly throwing back their heads. Others, “chairs,” look like elegantly decorated thrones with twisted columns and lush carved decoration. Still others are woven from birch bast or pine root. All of them attract attention with the plasticity of their lines and variety of decorations.
Usually the salt lick was hollowed out from a single piece of wood, most often birch. The tools were very simple - an axe, a knife, an adze. The main tool is the skillful hands of the peasant. Long winter evenings, in the light of a torch, he cut things necessary for the household, decorating them with elegant carvings and putting into their decor his, peasant-like, simple and wise idea of ​​the structure of the world, received from his ancestors.

Usually items applied arts, Related peasant life, unnamed. Village craftsmen did not put their signature on the products that came out of their hands. Only by the shape, proportions and elements of decoration can we assume the possible time and place of production of the monument. That is why we especially value things whose authorship has been established.
A small household item - a wooden salt pan - seemed to bring to us a piece of the past, telling us about the traditions and customs of bygone generations. Like all works of peasant art, salt licks are full of spirituality. Of course, one of the main requirements for them was good quality and durability. Therefore, when creating their works, folk carvers first of all took care that the usefulness of the object and its beauty were inextricably linked.

Nowadays, both “ordinary” salt shakers and those that are works of art are produced: made of expensive materials, atypical in shape (for example, made in the shape of some animal or funny creature), richly decorated or painted. The exhibition presents salt shakers from the museum's collection and private collections.