Bunin's last years. Ivan Bunin: biography, personal life, creativity, interesting facts

In Voronezh in noble family. The future writer spent his childhood on the Butyrki farm in Yelets district, Oryol province.

In 1881, Ivan Bunin entered the Yelets Gymnasium, but studied for only five years, since the family had no funds. His older brother Julius (1857-1921) helped him master the gymnasium curriculum.

Bunin wrote his first poem at the age of eight.

His first publication was the poem “Over the Grave of Nadson”, published in the Rodina newspaper in February 1887. During the year, several poems by Bunin appeared in the same publication, as well as the stories “Two Wanderers” and “Nefedka”.

In 2004, the annual literary Bunin Prize was established in Russia.

A presentation of the first complete 15-volume collected works of Ivan Bunin in Russian took place in Paris, including three volumes of his correspondence and diaries, as well as the diaries of his wife Vera Muromtseva-Bunina and the writer’s friend Galina Kuznetsova.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

Bunin Ivan Alekseevich (1870-1953), prose writer, poet, translator.

Born on October 22, 1870 in Voronezh into a well-born but impoverished noble family. Bunin spent his childhood partly in Voronezh, partly on an ancestral estate near Yelets (now in the Lipetsk region).

Absorbing traditions and songs from his parents and courtyard servants, he early discovered artistic abilities and rare impressionability. Having entered the Yelets gymnasium in 1881, Bunin was forced to leave it in 1886: there was not enough money to pay for training. The course at the gymnasium, and partly at the university, was completed at home under the guidance of his older brother, member of the People’s Will, Yuli.

Bunin published his first collection of poems in 1891, and five years later he published a translation of the poem American poet- romance by G. Longfellow “The Song of Hiawatha”, which, together with the later poetry collection “Falling Leaves” (1901), brought him the Pushkin Prize of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in 1903.

In 1909, Bunin received the second Pushkin Prize and was elected an honorary academician. At the end of the 19th century. He increasingly comes forward with stories, at first similar to picturesque sketches. Gradually, Bunin became more and more noticeable both as a poet and as a prose writer.

Wide recognition came to him with the publication of the story “The Village” (1910), which shows contemporary to the writer rural life. The destruction of patriarchal life and ancient foundations is depicted in the work with a harshness that was rare at that time. The end of the story, where the wedding is described as a funeral, takes on a symbolic meaning. Following “The Village”, based on family legends, the story “Sukhodol” (1911) was written. Here the degeneration of the Russian nobility is depicted with majestic gloom.

The writer himself lived with a premonition of an impending catastrophe. He felt the inevitability of a new historical turning point. This feeling is noticeable in the stories of the 10s. "John the Weeper" (1913), "The Grammar of Love", "The Master from San Francisco" (both 1915), "Easy Breathing" (1916), "Chang's Dreams" (1918).

Bunin met the revolutionary events with extreme hostility, capturing the “bloody madness” in his diary, later published in exile under the title “ Damn days"(1918, published 1925).

In January 1920, together with his wife Vera Nikolaevna Muromtseva, the writer from Odessa sailed to Constantinople. From then on, Bunin lived in France, mainly in Paris and Grasse. In emigration they spoke of him as the first among modern Russian writers.

The story “Mitya’s Love” (1925), books of stories “ Sunstroke"(1927) and "God's Tree" (1931) were perceived by contemporaries as live classics. In the 30s short stories began to appear, where Bunin showed an exceptional ability to compress enormous material into one or two pages, or even several lines.

In 1930, a novel with an obvious autobiographical “lining” - “The Life of Arsenyev” - was published in Paris. In 1933, Bunin was awarded the Nobel Prize. This is an event behind which, essentially, stood the fact of recognition of the literature of emigration.

During the Second World War, Bunin lived in Grasse, avidly followed military events, lived in poverty, hid Jews from the Gestapo in his house, and rejoiced at victories Soviet troops. At this time, he wrote stories about love (included in the book “Dark Alleys”, 1943), which he himself considered the best of all that he had created.

Post-war "warming" of the writer to Soviet power It was short-lived, but it managed to quarrel with many long-time friends. Last years Bunin spent time in poverty working on a book about his literary teacher A.P. Chekhov.

In October 1953, Ivan Alekseevich’s health condition deteriorated sharply, and on November 8 the writer died. The cause of death, according to Dr. V. Zernov, who observed the patient last weeks, became cardiac asthma and pulmonary sclerosis. Bunin was buried in the cemetery of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois. The monument on the grave was made according to a drawing by the artist Alexandre Benois.

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin- outstanding Russian writer, poet, honorary academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1909), laureate Nobel Prize on literature of 1933.

Born in Voronezh, where he lived the first three years of his life. IN further family moved to an estate near Yelets. Father - Alexey Nikolaevich Bunin, mother - Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Bunina (nee Chubarova). Until the age of 11, he was raised at home, in 1881 he entered the Yeletsk district gymnasium, in 1885 he returned home and continued his education under the guidance of his older brother Julius. At the age of 17 he began to write poetry, and in 1887 he made his debut in print. In 1889 he went to work as a proofreader for the local newspaper Orlovsky Vestnik. By this time, he had a long relationship with an employee of this newspaper, Varvara Pashchenko, with whom, against the wishes of his relatives, he moved to Poltava (1892).

Collections “Poems” (Eagle, 1891), “Under open air"(1898), "Leaf Fall" (1901; Pushkin Prize).

1895 - personally met Chekhov, before that they corresponded.

In the 1890s, he traveled on the steamship “Chaika” (“a bark with firewood”) along the Dnieper and visited the grave of Taras Shevchenko, whom he loved and later translated a lot. A few years later, he wrote the essay “At the Seagull,” which was published in the children’s illustrated magazine “Vskhody” (1898, No. 21, November 1).

In 1899 he married Anna Nikolaevna Tsakni (Kakni), the daughter of a Greek revolutionary. The marriage didn't last long only child died at the age of 5 (1905). In 1906, Bunin entered into a civil marriage (officially registered in 1922) with Vera Nikolaevna Muromtseva, the niece of S. A. Muromtsev, the first chairman of the First State Duma.

In his lyrics, Bunin continued the classical traditions (collection “Falling Leaves,” 1901).

In stories and stories he showed (sometimes with a nostalgic mood)

* Impoverishment noble estates (« Antonov apples", 1900)
* The cruel face of the village (“Village”, 1910, “Sukhodol”, 1911)
* Deadly oblivion moral principles life (“Mr. from San Francisco”, 1915).
* Strong rejection October revolution and the Bolshevik regime in the diary book “Cursed Days” (1918, published in 1925).
* In the autobiographical novel “The Life of Arsenyev” (1930) there is a recreation of the past of Russia, the writer’s childhood and youth.
* The tragedy of human existence in short stories about love (“Mitya’s Love”, 1925; collection of stories “Dark Alleys”, 1943).
* Translated “The Song of Hiawatha” by the American poet G. Longfellow. It was first published in the newspaper “Orlovsky Vestnik” in 1896. At the end of the same year, the newspaper’s printing house published “The Song of Hiawatha” as a separate book.

Bunin was awarded the Pushkin Prize three times; in 1909 he was elected academician for the category belles lettres, becoming the youngest academician of the Russian Academy.

In the summer of 1918, Bunin moved from Bolshevik Moscow to Odessa, occupied by German troops. As the Red Army approached the city in April 1919, he did not emigrate, but remained in Odessa. He welcomes the occupation of Odessa by the Volunteer Army in August 1919, personally thanks Denikin, who arrived in the city on October 7, and actively cooperates with OSVAG (propaganda and information body) under the All-Russian Socialist Republic. In February 1920, when the Bolsheviks approached, he left Russia. Emigrates to France.

In exile, he was active in social and political activities: he gave lectures, collaborated with Russian political parties and organizations (conservative and nationalist), and regularly published journalistic articles. He delivered a famous manifesto on the tasks of the Russian Abroad regarding Russia and Bolshevism: The Mission of the Russian Emigration.

Worked hard and fruitfully literary activity, having already confirmed in emigration the title of a great Russian writer and becoming one of the main figures of the Russian Abroad.

Bunin creates his best works: “Mitya’s Love” (1924), “Sunstroke” (1925), “The Case of Cornet Elagin” (1925) and, finally, “The Life of Arsenyev” (1927-1929, 1933). These works became a new word both in Bunin’s work and in Russian literature in general. And according to K. G. Paustovsky, “The Life of Arsenyev” is not only pinnacle piece Russian literature, but also “one of the most remarkable phenomena of world literature.” Winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1933.

According to the Chekhov Publishing House, in recent months life Bunin worked on literary portrait A.P. Chekhov, the work remained unfinished (in the book: “Loopy Ears and Other Stories”, New York, 1953). He died in his sleep at two o'clock in the morning from November 7 to 8, 1953 in Paris. He was buried in the cemetery of Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois. In 1929-1954. Bunin's works were not published in the USSR. Since 1955, he has been the most published writer of the “first wave” in the USSR (several collected works, many one-volume books). Some works (“Cursed Days”, etc.) were published in the USSR only during perestroika.

The first Russian Nobel laureate Ivan Alekseevich Bunin is called a jeweler of words, a prose writer, a genius Russian literature And the brightest representative Silver Age. Literary critics agree that Bunin’s works have a kinship with paintings, and in their worldview, Ivan Alekseevich’s stories and tales are similar to paintings.

Childhood and youth

Contemporaries of Ivan Bunin claim that the writer felt a “breed”, an innate aristocracy. There is nothing to be surprised: Ivan Alekseevich is a representative of the oldest noble family, dating back to the 15th century. The Bunin family coat of arms is included in the armorial of the noble families Russian Empire. Among the writer’s ancestors is the founder of romanticism, a writer of ballads and poems.

Ivan Alekseevich was born in October 1870 in Voronezh, in the family of a poor nobleman and petty official Alexei Bunin, married to his cousin Lyudmila Chubarova, a meek but impressionable woman. She bore her husband nine children, four of whom survived.

The family moved to Voronezh 4 years before Ivan’s birth to educate their eldest sons Yuli and Evgeniy. We settled in a rented apartment on Bolshaya Dvoryanskaya Street. When Ivan was four years old, his parents returned to the Butyrki family estate in the Oryol province. Bunin spent his childhood on the farm.

The love of reading was instilled in the boy by his tutor, a student at Moscow University, Nikolai Romashkov. At home, Ivan Bunin studied languages, focusing on Latin. The first books the future writer read independently were “The Odyssey” and a collection of English poems.

In the summer of 1881, his father brought Ivan to Yelets. Younger son passed the exams and entered the 1st grade of the men's gymnasium. Bunin liked to study, but this did not concern exact sciences. In a letter to his older brother, Vanya admitted that he considered the math exam “the worst.” After 5 years, Ivan Bunin was expelled from the gymnasium in the middle school year. A 16-year-old boy came to his father’s Ozerki estate for the Christmas holidays, but never returned to Yelets. For failure to appear at the gymnasium, the teachers' council expelled the guy. Further education Ivan's older brother Julius took care of him.

Literature

It started in Ozerki creative biography Ivan Bunin. On the estate, he continued work on the novel “Passion”, which he began in Yelets, but the work did not reach the reader. But the poem of the young writer, written under the impression of the death of his idol - the poet Semyon Nadson - was published in the magazine "Rodina".

On his father's estate, with the help of his brother, Ivan Bunin prepared for the final exams, passed them and received a matriculation certificate.

From the autumn of 1889 to the summer of 1892, Ivan Bunin worked in the Orlovsky Vestnik magazine, where his stories, poems and literary critical articles were published. In August 1892, Julius called his brother to Poltava, where he gave Ivan a job as a librarian in the provincial government.

In January 1894, the writer visited Moscow, where he met a like-minded person. Like Lev Nikolaevich, Bunin criticizes urban civilization. In the stories “Antonov Apples”, “Epitaph” and “ New road“Nostalgic notes for the passing era are discerned, and regret for the degenerating nobility is felt.

In 1897, Ivan Bunin published the book “To the End of the World” in St. Petersburg. A year earlier, he translated Henry Longfellow's poem The Song of Hiawatha. Poems by Alcay, Saadi, Adam Mickiewicz and others appeared in Bunin's translation.

In 1898 it was published in Moscow poetry collection Ivan Alekseevich “Under the Open Air”, warmly received literary critics and readers. Two years later, Bunin presented poetry lovers with a second book of poems, “Falling Leaves,” which strengthened the author’s authority as a “poet of the Russian landscape.” St. Petersburg Academy Sciences in 1903 awarded Ivan Bunin the first Pushkin Prize, followed by the second.

But in the poetic community, Ivan Bunin earned a reputation as an “old-fashioned landscape painter.” At the end of the 1890s, “fashionable” poets became favorites, bringing the “breath of city streets” into Russian lyrics, and with their restless heroes. in a review of Bunin’s collection “Poems” he wrote that Ivan Alekseevich found himself on the sidelines “from general movement", but from the point of view of painting, his poetic "canvases" reached " endpoints perfection." Critics cite the poems “I Remember a Long Time” as examples of perfection and adherence to the classics. winter evening" and "Evening".

Ivan Bunin the poet does not accept symbolism and looks critically at revolutionary events 1905–1907, calling himself “a witness of the great and the vile.” In 1910, Ivan Alekseevich published the story “The Village,” which laid the foundation for “a whole series of works that sharply depict the Russian soul.” The continuation of the series is the story “Sukhodol” and the stories “Strength”, “ A good life", "Prince among princes", "Lapti".

In 1915, Ivan Bunin was at the peak of his popularity. Get him out famous stories"Mr. from San Francisco", "Grammar of Love", " Easy breath" and "Chang's Dreams". In 1917, the writer left revolutionary Petrograd, avoiding the “terrible proximity of the enemy.” Bunin lived in Moscow for six months, from there in May 1918 he left for Odessa, where he wrote the diary “Cursed Days” - a furious denunciation of the revolution and Bolshevik power.

It is dangerous for a writer who so vehemently criticizes the new government to remain in the country. In January 1920, Ivan Alekseevich left Russia. He leaves for Constantinople, and in March ends up in Paris. A collection of short stories entitled “Mr. from San Francisco” was published here, which the public greeted enthusiastically.

Since the summer of 1923, Ivan Bunin lived in the Belvedere villa in ancient Grasse, where he was visited. During these years, the stories “Initial Love”, “Numbers”, “Rose of Jericho” and “Mitya’s Love” were published.

In 1930, Ivan Alekseevich wrote the story “The Shadow of a Bird” and completed the most significant work, created in exile, is the novel “The Life of Arsenyev.” The description of the hero’s experiences is covered with sadness about the departed Russia, “which perished before our eyes in such a magical short term».

In the late 1930s, Ivan Bunin moved to the Villa Zhannette, where he lived during the Second World War. The writer worried about the fate of his homeland and joyfully greeted the news of the slightest victory of the Soviet troops. Bunin lived in poverty. He wrote about his difficult situation:

“I was rich - now, by the will of fate, I suddenly became poor... I was famous throughout the world - now no one in the world needs me... I really want to go home!”

The villa was dilapidated: the heating system did not function, there were interruptions in electricity and water supply. Ivan Alekseevich spoke in letters to friends about the “constant famine in the caves.” In order to get at least a small amount of money, Bunin asked a friend who had left for America to publish the collection “ Dark alleys" The book in Russian with a circulation of 600 copies was published in 1943, for which the writer received $300. The collection includes the story “ Clean Monday" Ivan Bunin’s last masterpiece, the poem “Night,” was published in 1952.

Researchers of the prose writer's work have noticed that his stories and stories are cinematic. For the first time, a Hollywood producer spoke about film adaptations of Ivan Bunin’s works, expressing a desire to make a film based on the story “The Gentleman from San Francisco.” But it ended with a conversation.

In the early 1960s, attention was paid to the work of a compatriot Russian directors. A short film based on the story “Mitya’s Love” was directed by Vasily Pichul. In 1989, the film “Non-Urgent Spring” was released. story of the same name Bunina.

In 2000, the biographical film “His Wife’s Diary,” directed by the director, was released, which tells the story of relationships in the prose writer’s family.

The premiere of the drama “Sunstroke” in 2014 caused a stir. The film is based on the story of the same name and the book “Cursed Days.”

Nobel Prize

Ivan Bunin was first nominated for the Nobel Prize in 1922. The Nobel Prize laureate worked on this. But then the prize was given to the Irish poet William Yates.

In the 1930s, Russian emigrant writers joined the process, and their efforts were crowned with victory: in November 1933, the Swedish Academy awarded Ivan Bunin a prize for literature. The address to the laureate said that he deserved the award for “recreating in prose a typical Russian character.”

Ivan Bunin quickly squandered the 715 thousand francs of his prize. In the very first months, he distributed half of it to those in need and to everyone who turned to him for help. Even before receiving the award, the writer admitted that he had received 2,000 letters asking for financial help.

3 years after receiving the Nobel Prize, Ivan Bunin plunged into habitual poverty. Until the end of his life he never had own home. Bunin best described the state of affairs in short poem"The Bird Has a Nest" contains the lines:

The beast has a hole, the bird has a nest.
How the heart beats, sadly and loudly,
When I enter, being baptized, into someone else's rented house
With his already old knapsack!

Personal life

The young writer met his first love when he worked at Orlovsky Vestnik. Varvara Pashchenko, a tall beauty in pince-nez, seemed too arrogant and emancipated to Bunin. But soon he found in the girl interesting interlocutor. A romance broke out, but Varvara’s father did not like the poor young man with vague prospects. The couple lived without a wedding. In his memoirs, Ivan Bunin calls Varvara “the unmarried wife.”

After moving to Poltava and without that difficult relationships worsened. Varvara, a girl from a wealthy family, was fed up with her miserable existence: she left home, leaving Bunin a farewell note. Soon Pashchenko became the wife of actor Arseny Bibikov. Ivan Bunin had a hard time with the breakup; his brothers feared for his life.

In 1898, in Odessa, Ivan Alekseevich met Anna Tsakni. She became Bunin's first official wife. The wedding took place that same year. But the couple did not live together for long: they separated two years later. The marriage produced the writer’s only son, Nikolai, but in 1905 the boy died of scarlet fever. Bunin had no more children.

The love of Ivan Bunin’s life is his third wife Vera Muromtseva, whom he met in Moscow, on literary evening in November 1906. Muromtseva, a graduate of the Higher Women's Courses, was fond of chemistry and spoke three languages ​​fluently. But Vera was far from literary bohemia.

The newlyweds got married in exile in 1922: Tsakni did not give Bunin a divorce for 15 years. He was the best man at the wedding. The couple lived together until Bunin's death, although their life could not be called cloudless. In 1926, rumors appeared among the emigrants about a strange love triangle: in the house of Ivan and Vera Bunin lived a young writer Galina Kuznetsova, for whom Ivan Bunin had far from friendly feelings.

Kuznetsova is called last love writer. She lived in the villa of the Bunins for 10 years. Ivan Alekseevich experienced a tragedy when he learned about Galina’s passion for the sister of the philosopher Fyodor Stepun, Margarita. Kuznetsova left Bunin’s house and went to Margot, which became the reason for the writer’s protracted depression. Friends of Ivan Alekseevich wrote that Bunin at that time was on the verge of madness and despair. He worked day and night, trying to forget his beloved.

After breaking up with Kuznetsova, Ivan Bunin wrote 38 short stories, included in the collection “Dark Alleys”.

Death

In the late 1940s, doctors diagnosed Bunin with pulmonary emphysema. At the insistence of doctors, Ivan Alekseevich went to a resort in the south of France. But my health did not improve. In 1947, 79-year-old Ivan Bunin last time spoke to an audience of writers.

Poverty forced him to turn to Russian emigrant Andrei Sedykh for help. He obtained a pension for a sick colleague from the American philanthropist Frank Atran. Until the end of Bunin’s life, Atran paid the writer 10 thousand francs monthly.

In the late autumn of 1953, Ivan Bunin's health deteriorated. He didn't get out of bed. Shortly before his death, the writer asked his wife to read the letters.

On November 8, the doctor confirmed the death of Ivan Alekseevich. Its cause was cardiac asthma and pulmonary sclerosis. The Nobel laureate was buried in the Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois cemetery, the place where hundreds of Russian emigrants found rest.

Bibliography

• "Antonov apples"
• "Village"
• "Sukhodol"
• "Easy breath"
• "Chang's Dreams"
• "Lapti"
• "Grammar of Love"
• "Mitya's Love"
• "Cursed Days"
• "Sunstroke"
• "The Life of Arsenyev"
• "Caucasus"
• "Dark alleys"
• "Cold autumn"
• "Numbers"
• "Clean Monday"
• "The Case of Cornet Elagin"

"After a century he says
The poet - and his syllable rings -
Autumn painted in crimson.
And the cemetery sleeps sadly,
Where in a foreign land does he lie?
And he looks sadly from above..."
From a poem by Tamara Khanzhina in memory of Bunin

Biography

An amazing fact, but this talented, brilliant, educated and sophisticated person did not receive good education. Most knowledge and interest in literature, philosophy and psychology were instilled in Ivan Bunin by his older brother, who graduated with honors from the university and worked a lot with the boy. Perhaps it was thanks to his brother Yuli that Bunin was able to discover his literary talent.

Bunin's biography can be read like a novel with an exciting plot. All his life, Bunin changed cities, countries and, which is no secret, women. One thing remained constant - his passion for literature. He published his first poem at the age of 16 and already at 25 he shone in literary circles both capitals of Russia. Bunin's first wife was the Greek Anna Tsakni, but this marriage did not last long, Bunin's only son died at the age of five, and after a while the writer met main woman in my life - Vera Muromtseva. It was with her, who later became Bunin’s official wife, that the writer emigrated to France, failing to accept Bolshevik power.

While living in France, Bunin continued to write, there he created his best works. But he did not stop thinking about Russia, yearning for it, grieving his abdication. However, these experiences only benefited his work; it is not without reason that Bunin’s stories, poems and short stories are today considered the golden heritage of Russian literature. For the skill with which he developed the traditions of Russian classical prose, eighty-year-old Bunin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature - the first Russian writer. During all the years of emigration, Bunin had his wife, Vera, by his side, who steadfastly endured both her husband’s difficult character and his hobbies on the side. Until the very last day she stayed with him true friend, and not just the wife.

While in France, Bunin constantly thought about returning to Russia. But seeing what was happening to his compatriots who believed in the benevolence of the Soviet government and returned home, the writer abandoned this idea year after year. Bunin's death occurred in the 84th year of his life in his modest apartment in Paris. The cause of Bunin's death, according to the doctor's conclusion, was a whole bunch of diseases - heart failure, cardiac asthma and pulmonary sclerosis. Bunin's funeral service took place in a Russian church in Paris, then the body was placed in a zinc coffin in a temporary crypt - Bunin's wife hoped that she would still be able to bury her husband in Russia. But, alas, this was not allowed to happen, and on January 30, 1954, Bunin’s funeral took place with the transfer of his coffin from the temporary crypt. Bunin's grave is located in the Russian cemetery of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois near Paris.

Bunin's wives - first wife Anna (left) and second wife Vera (right)

Life line

October 10, 1870 Date of birth of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin.
1881 Admission to Yelets Gymnasium.
1892 Moving to Poltava, working in the newspapers “Poltava Provincial Gazette”, “Kievlyanin”.
1895 Success in the literary society of Moscow and St. Petersburg, acquaintance with Chekhov.
1898 Marriage to Anna Tsakni.
1900 Parting with Tsakni, trip to Europe.
1901 Release of Bunin's collection of poems "Falling Leaves".
1903 Award to Bunin Pushkin Prize.
1906 The beginning of a relationship with Vera Muromtseva.
1909 Awarding Bunin the Pushkin Prize, election as an honorary academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in the category of fine literature.
1915 Publication full meeting Bunin's works in the appendix to the Niva magazine.
1918 Moving to Odessa.
1920 Emigration to France, to Paris.
1922 Official marriage with Vera Muromtseva.
1924 Writing Bunin's story "Mitya's Love".
1933 Awarding Bunin the Nobel Prize in Literature.
1934-1936 Publication of Bunin's collected works in Berlin.
1939 Transfer to Grasse.
1945 Return to Paris.
1953 Completion of Bunin's collection of stories "Dark Alleys".
November 8, 1953 Date of death of Bunin.
November 12, 1953 Funeral service, placing the body in a temporary crypt.
January 30, 1954 Bunin's funeral (reburial).

Memorable places

1. The village of Ozerki, the former estate of the Bunins, where the writer spent his childhood.
2. Bunin’s house in Voronezh, where he was born and lived the first three years of his life.
3. Bunin Literary and Memorial Museum in Yelets, in the house where Bunin lived as a high school student.
4. Bunin House-Museum in Efremov, where Bunin periodically lived and worked in 1906-1910. and on which it is installed Memorial plaque in memory of Bunin.
5. St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, of which Bunin was elected honorary academician.
6. Bunin’s house in Odessa, where Bunin and Muromtseva lived in 1918-1920. before his departure to France.
7. Bunin’s house in Paris, where he lived periodically from 1922 to 1953. and where he died.
8. Bunin’s house in Grasse, Villa “Jeanette”, at the entrance to which there is a memorial plaque in memory of Bunin.
9. Bunin’s house in Grasse, Villa Belvedere.
10. Monument to Bunin in Moscow.
11. Monument to Bunin in Orel.
12. Monument to Bunin in Voronezh.
13. Cemetery of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois, where Bunin is buried.

Episodes of life

Bunin had not only literary, but also acting talent. He had very rich facial expressions, he moved and danced well, and was an excellent rider. It is known that Konstantin Stanislavsky himself invited Bunin to play the role of Hamlet in the theater, but he refused.

The last years of his life, Ivan Bunin lived practically in poverty. The writer immediately spent the money that he received as a Nobel laureate on parties and receptions, helping emigrants, and then unsuccessfully invested in some business and completely went bankrupt.

It is known that Ivan Bunin, like many writers, kept a diary. Last entry he made on May 2, 1953, a few months before his death, which he apparently already foresaw due to deteriorating health: “This is still amazing to the point of tetanus! In some, very short time, I will be gone - and the affairs and fates of everything, everything will be unknown to me!”

Covenant

“What a joy it is to exist! Just to see, at least to see only this smoke and this light. If I had no arms and legs and I could only sit on a bench and look at the setting sun, then I would be happy with it. You only need one thing - to see and breathe.”

Documentary film dedicated to Ivan Bunin, from the series “Geniuses and Villains”

Condolences

“Tsar Ivan was a great mountain!”
Don Aminado (Aminodav Peysakhovich Shpolyansky), satirist poet

“He was an extraordinary writer. And he was an extraordinary man.”
Mark Aldanov, prose writer, publicist

“Bunin is a rare phenomenon. In our literature, in language, this is the peak above which no one can rise.”
Sergei Voronin, novelist

“All his life Bunin waited for happiness, wrote about human happiness, looked for ways to it. He found it in his poetry, prose, in his love for life and for his homeland and said great words that happiness is given only to those who know. Bunin lived a complex, sometimes contradictory life. He saw a lot, knew a lot, loved and hated a lot, worked a lot, sometimes made cruel mistakes, but all his life his greatest, most tender, unchanging love was Mother country, Russia".
Konstantin Paustovsky, writer