Comparison of duels between Onegin and Lena Pechorin. Comparative analysis of the hero of our time and Eugene Onegin

1.1.3. Compare the behavior before the duel of Pechorin and Lensky, the hero of A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” (fragment of chapter six). What conclusions can be drawn based on the comparison?

1.2.3. How are R. Gamzatov’s and V. Vysotsky’s approaches to exploring the theme of friendship similar?

Read the fragments of the works below and complete task 1.1.3.

I don’t remember a morning more blue and fresh! The sun barely appeared from behind the green peaks, and the merging of the warmth of its rays with the dying coolness of the night brought a kind of sweet languor to all the senses; no joyful ray has yet penetrated the gorge young day; he only gilded the tops of the cliffs hanging on both sides above us; the densely leafed bushes growing in their deep cracks showered us with silver rain at the slightest breath of wind. I remember - and this time, more than ever before, I loved nature. How curious it is to peer into every dewdrop fluttering on a wide grape leaf and reflecting millions of rainbow rays! how greedily my gaze tried to penetrate into the smoky distance! There the path kept getting narrower, the cliffs were bluer and more terrible, and finally they seemed to converge like an impenetrable wall.

We drove in silence.

Have you written your will? - Werner suddenly asked.

What if you are killed?..

The heirs will find themselves.

Don't you have friends to whom you would like to send your last farewell?..

I shook my head.

Is there really no woman in the world to whom you would like to leave something as a keepsake?..

Do you want, doctor,” I answered him, “for me to reveal my soul to you?”

You see, I survived those years when people die by pronouncing the name of their beloved and bequeathing to a friend a piece of pomaded or unpomaded hair. Thinking about your loved one and possible death, I think about one thing: others don’t do this either. Friends who will forget me tomorrow or, worse, create God knows what kind of fables about me; women who, hugging another, will laugh at me, so as not to arouse in him jealousy for the deceased - God be with them! From the storm of life I brought only a few ideas - and not a single feeling. For a long time now I have been living not with my heart, but with my head. I weigh and examine my own passions and actions with strict curiosity, but without participation. There are two people in me: one lives in in every sense of this word, another thinks and judges it; the first, perhaps, in an hour will say goodbye to you and the world forever, and the second... the second? Look, doctor: do you see three black figures on the rock to the right? These seem to be our opponents?..

We set off at a trot.

M. Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time”

*********************************

A. S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin”

Read the fragment of the work below and complete task 1.2.3.

Explanation.

1.1.3. Lensky and Pechorin are no strangers to romantic moods: Lensky takes out a volume of Schiller, writes a romance, Pechorin reflects on the beauty of nature. Lermontov's hero is disappointed in life and tries to subordinate his feelings to cold reason. Unlike Pushkin's hero, Pechorin does not believe in love, no suicide notes does not leave, considers all this nonsense. Lensky, with the faith in feelings characteristic of youth, is completely absorbed in thoughts of his beloved, reveling in the idea of ​​how, after his death, Olga will come to his grave.

1.2.3. In the poem by V. Vysotsky “Song about a Friend” and in the poem

R. Gamzatova “Take care of your friends” sounds a general thought: friendship is a great gift, you need to learn to be friends, you need to learn to appreciate friends.

Vladimir Vysotsky is sure that a true friend will always lend a shoulder, you can rely on such a friend:

If he walked with you as if into battle,

At the top stood a drunken one, -

So, as for yourself,

Rely on him!

The lyrical hero of Rasul Gamzatov’s poem, from the height of his years, appreciates how important friends are, understands that he lost many in vain, because he once could not correctly evaluate, hear, forgive.

The alarm sounds in the poem: learn to be friends, take care of your friends:

People, I ask you, for God's sake,

Don't be shy about your kindness.

There are not many friends on earth:

Be afraid of losing friends.

Thus, both Gamzatov and Vysotsky reveal the theme of friendship in best traditions Russian literature: friendship is a value that needs to be protected, happiness if you have a true friend.

GIA-2010: Exam in new form: Literature: 9th grade: Training options exam papers for conducting state final certification in a new form\ author.-comp. , .- M.: AST: Astrel, 2010. ( Federal Institute pedagogical measurements)

Examples execution tasks parts 1 examination work

Fragment of part 1 of the examination paper

I don’t remember a morning more blue and fresh! The sun barely appeared from behind the green peaks, and the merging of the warmth of its rays with the dying coolness of the night brought a kind of sweet languor to all the senses; the joyful ray of the young day had not yet penetrated into the gorge; he only gilded the tops of the cliffs hanging on both sides above us; the densely leafed bushes growing in their deep cracks showered us with silver rain at the slightest breath of wind. I remember - and this time, more than ever before, I loved nature. How curious it is to peer into every dewdrop fluttering on a wide grape leaf and reflecting millions of rainbow rays! how greedily my gaze tried to penetrate into the smoky distance! There the path kept getting narrower, the cliffs were bluer and more terrible, and finally they seemed to converge like an impenetrable wall. ■ We drove in silence.

Have you written your will? - Werner suddenly asked.

What if you are killed?..

The heirs will find themselves.

Don’t you have friends to whom you would like to send your last farewell?..

I shook my head.

Is there really no woman in the world to whom you would like to leave something as a keepsake?..

Do you want, doctor,” I answered him, “for me to reveal my soul to you?.. You see, I survived those years when people die by pronouncing the name of their beloved and bequeathing to a friend a piece of pomaded or unpomaded hair. Thinking about imminent and possible death, I think about one thing: others don’t even do this. Friends who will forget me tomorrow or, worse, create God knows what kind of fables about me; women who, hugging another, will laugh at me, so as not to arouse in him jealousy for the deceased - God be with them! From the storm of life I brought only a few ideas - and not a single feeling. For a long time now I have been living not with my heart, but with my head. I weigh and examine my own passions and actions with strict curiosity, but without participation. There are two people in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges it; the first, perhaps, in an hour will say goodbye to you and the world forever, and the second... the second? Look, doctor: do you see three black figures on the rock to the right? These seem to be our opponents?..

We set off at a trot.

(. "Hero of our time")

Exercise

1.1.4. Compare the behavior before the duel of Pechorin and Lensky, the hero of the novel “Eugene Onegin” (fragment of chapter six). What conclusions can be drawn based on the comparison?

Arriving home, pistols

He examined it, then put it in"

Again they are in the box and, undressed,

By candlelight, Schiller opened it;

But one thought surrounds him;

A sad heart does not sleep in him:

With inexplicable beauty

He sees Olga in front of him.

Vladimir closes the book,

Takes a pen; his poems,

Full of love nonsense

They sound and flow. Reads them

He speaks out loud, in lyrical heat,

Like Delvig drunk at a feast.

Poems have been preserved for the occasion;

I have them; here they are: “Where, where have you gone,

Are the golden days of my spring?

What does the coming day have in store for me?

My gaze catches him in vain,

He lurks in the deep darkness.

No need; rights of fate law.

Will I fall, pierced by an arrow,

Or she will fly by,

A certain hour comes;

Blessed is the day of worries,

Blessed is the coming of darkness!

The ray of the morning star will flash in the morning

And the bright day will begin to shine;

And I, perhaps I am the tomb

I'll go down into the mysterious canopy,

And the memory of the young poet

Slow Lethe will be swallowed up,

The world will forget me; notes

Will you come, maiden of beauty,

Shed a tear over the early urn

And think: he loved me,

He dedicated it to me alone

The sad dawn of a stormy life!..

Heart friend, desired friend,

Come, come: I am your husband!..”

(. "Eugene Onegin")

Graduates' answers to the assignment1.1.4.

Job 1

Pechorin and Lensky absolutely different characters. Lensky perceived the duel as a game, and, due to his character, played too much. Everything about him is too pompous and maximal. Most likely, he did not seriously think that he would die. Pechorin understood the seriousness of his situation, knew about the vile conspiracy and was not sure that he would be able to avoid death.

The night before the duel, Lensky thought about Olga, he more meaning in life than in Pechorin, who is lonely and cannot find a place for himself anywhere.

A comment

The examinee only partially completed the task (the conclusion in the final, despite the poor execution, is beyond doubt). The student does not immediately come up with a solution to the problem: at the beginning of the work, he compares the characters, and not their behavior before the duel. At the same time, a controversial thesis is put forward about "game" Lensky into a duel (the word “overplayed” should at least have been put in quotation marks). The thesis that Lensky does not believe in the possibility of his death contradicts Pushkin’s text.

The verbal design of the work is weak: word distortion ( "maximum") incorrect agreement ("in the night") unsuccessful connection of parts of the last phrase (“...thought about Olga, he has more meaning in life...”).

The answer is scored 1 point (according to the criteria: 1;0).

Job 2

Both Lensky and Pechorin cannot fall asleep before the duel, but unlike Lensky, who remembers Olga, Pechorin thinks about himself. Pechorin does not say anything about the woman, the only person who understands him. Although Vera - married woman, and Pechorin’s logic is clear to us. Grigory Alexandrovich reasons like this: “To die like that! The loss for the world is small, and I’m pretty bored.” Lensky in his elegy says that he is ready to die if the “maiden of beauty” comes to “shed a tear over the early urn.” Pechorin “survived those years when one dies while pronouncing the name of his beloved.” Thus, Grigory Alexandrovich is ready to die in a duel without finding the meaning of life, and Lensky wants to commit a heroic act, in his opinion.

/ / / Comparative characteristics Onegin and Pechorin

And - outstanding images personifying their time. They were created by different authors, but they are very similar. The simplest explanation for this is that Mikhail Lermontov looked up to Alexander Pushkin in many ways. However, Lermontov’s Pechorin is not an imitation Pushkin's Onegin, but an image similar in worldview.

What brings these images together? Onegin and Pechorin are people of noble origin. Both are still young and full of energy. By nature they are endowed sharp mind. The intelligence of the heroes is generally much higher than that of the people around them, so they feel lonely.

Onegin was taught by a foreign tutor who tried not to overburden his pupil with science. But Evgeniy still received a good education thanks to his intelligence and love of reading. Pechorin is also well educated.

The attitude towards love also brings the heroes together. They learned the “art” of love early and knew how to easily conquer women’s hearts. However, they themselves hardly knew how to truly love, although they strived for the ideal. Onegin was tired of relationships with stupid and deceitful young ladies from the capital, but he also did not accept the love of a pure village girl. With his strict refusal, he hurt the feelings of a sincere girl. Love twists and turns Pechorin is even more complicated. The greatest crime was his passion for young Bella. Inflamed with the desire to possess a girl, he takes her captive, makes her fall in love with him, and then, having played with his feelings, forgets about her.

Both heroes, in their own way, rejected the society in which they lived. Onegin did this passively, with his cynical and indifferent attitude towards everything. Pechorin is a more active person. Perhaps the reason is that Onegin is a lazy person, the darling of fate. He did not serve anywhere, but simply lived for his own pleasure. Pechorin is an officer who, due to a crime, went to serve in the Caucasus.

Onegin and Pechorin are romantic heroes, disappointed in their time. But despite this, they are a product of their time. No matter how Onegin distanced himself from generally accepted rules, he depended on public opinion. That is why he goes to a duel with a friend, so as not to “fall” in the eyes of other people. Pechorin also shoots himself in a duel, thinking that this is how he will take revenge on the hated society. However, such an action only becomes part of it.

Heroes don't believe in true friendship. Onegin makes friends with Lensky out of boredom. Pechorin does not allow Maxim Maksimovich, who is friendly towards him, to come close to him. When meeting with an older comrade, Pechorin behaves defiantly coldly. Although Maxim Maksimovich still sympathizes with the hero, perhaps feeling his real soul.

Onegin and Pechorin are brave, determined young people. But still Onegin is more careful. He got used to his life, even though he was tired of it in many ways. Pechorin is a fatalist who plays with life. Just look at his participation in the game “Russian Roulette”. Pechorin takes risks with ease own life, and just as easily relates to the lives of other people.

Both heroes are yearning in anticipation of some Great Deed. Their inner strength, a thirst for adventure might come in handy if they were born in a more “heroic” time. And if Onegin could still realize himself in the ranks of the Decembrists, then Pechorin saw the time of the cruel reactions of the authorities to the Decembrist uprising. Therefore, Pechorin is a more tragic image.

Eugene Onegin by Alexander Pushkin and Grigory Pechorin by Mikhail Lermontov have much in common, and at the same time they are original literary images.

Onegin and Pechorin - two famous hero two famous novels. They are often compared to each other. And indeed, they have many similarities. Both are disgusted with reality, both are cold and indifferent to life, both arouse the sympathy of those around them. There is another significant similarity between Onegin and Pechorin. Both of them have antipodes in their novels. For Onegin it is Lensky, for Pechorin it is Grushnitsky.

Let's analyze duels

1. The reason for the duel between Onegin and Lensky was Bad mood Onegin and Lensky’s ardent character, to put it simply, are a misunderstanding (although, objectively, it was Onegin who provoked this quarrel - he was more reasonable than Lensky, knew his friend’s character well and could imagine what the ending could be). The catalyst was public opinion in the image of Zaretsky - and there was no turning back.

And here is public opinion!

Spring of honor, our idol!

And this is what the world revolves on!

For all his apparent isolation, Onegin is forced to submit to this opinion, and he does this calmly, with slight regret, nothing more. “He could discover feelings,< >he had to disarm the young heart.” But Onegin - despising the light, indifferent to it - obeys. Why? Is it a matter of weakness of character or the strength of tradition, according to which the duel should be completed according to the concepts of honor, and not society?

The reason for the duel between Pechorin and Grushnitsky is Grushnitsky’s vindictiveness. Having failed, he wants revenge, and for this he is ready to resort to meanness. But if you look at it, what is Grushnitsky taking revenge for? Because Pechorin stole Mary's favor from him. Why Pechorin did this, he himself does not know, most likely out of vanity. It turns out that in both cases the cause of the conflict is the instability of the character of the main character.

2. Then in both cases the representatives of the light intervene. But at this stage you can clearly see the difference: Onegin is simply forced to fight, but the duel will be fair.

The duel between Pechorin and Grushnitsky was planned in advance by the dragoon captain and Grushnitsky. Moreover, it was not initially built according to the laws of honor - Grushnitsky’s comrades persuade him not to load the pistol, that is, the conditions are not equal, the other side resorts to meanness. But, unlike Onegin, Pechorin has an acceptable way to refuse to participate in a duel when he learns about the conspiracy. But - and this is important - Pechorin again decides to play with fate, this time with his own.

3. Interesting detail: Onegin sleeps wonderfully the night before the duel. Lensky has been ready to fight for a long time, but Onegin has not yet woken up: But he was mistaken: Evgeniy...

Slept in this time dead sleep.

We read in Lermontov’s description of the night before the duel: “It’s two o’clock in the morning... I can’t sleep...< >I remember that during the night leading up to the fight, I didn’t sleep for a minute.” Pechorin languishes in uncertainty, awaits death, and again tries to evaluate his life.

4. Finally, the duel itself between Onegin and Lensky takes place according to the rules, Lensky is killed. Only now does Onegin realize the full horror of what happened, only now, when there is no longer any reason to fear the condemnation of the world, does his heart awaken.

The scene of the duel between Pechorin and Grushnitsky is interesting. Pechorin deliberately complicates the rules of the duel, putting Grushnitsky (who knows that only his pistol is loaded) with a choice: to commit murder or refuse the duel. So he sets up one of his psychological experiments, the victims of which have already become Bela and her father, Azamat, Kazbich, Mary and Vera have suffered, and the nest of “honest smugglers” has been destroyed.

Pechorin wants to believe in a person - he hopes that Grushnitsky will shoot in the air, and, as soon as he learns about the conspiracy, he thinks: “If Grushnitsky had not agreed, I would have thrown myself on his neck,” but people always follow his script, thereby disappointing his. He really appears as the “axe of fate” at the denouement of tragedies, but, it seems to me, with all this Lermontov is testing not only Pechorin, but also the people around him. And then I agree with Belinsky - Pechorin is much more honest than secular hypocrites who allow any vice as long as it is hidden.

Essay “Two Duels” (Hero of Our Time and Eugene Onegin)