International Circus Day. Tournier later built his own stone circus building, which came under the jurisdiction of the Directorate of Imperial Theaters
The third Saturday in April is a holiday for those who have anything to do with the circus. Trainers and their charges, clowns and mimes, acrobats and tightrope walkers, and just those who love this unusual look art, celebrate International Circus Day. The holiday has international status, which means that it is celebrated all over the world.
history of the holiday
International Circus Day is a very young holiday. Its history dates back to the first years of the 21st century. In 2002, the European Circus Association was established, which declared its mission to protect cultural heritage Europe and the recognition of the circus as special type art. One of its main achievements is the creation of European Circus Day in 2008. It was celebrated on April 19, the third Saturday of the month. This holiday was supposed to unite all circus performers and pay tribute to their merits. One more task memorable date– to instill a love for this type of art not only in children, but also in adults.
The same 2008 became the year of the creation of the World Circus Federation. Its headquarters are located in the European state of Monte Carlo. The federation sees its goal as the development of both classical circus art, so does him innovative forms. According to the founders of the organization, this combination should take the circus to a new level and attract more spectators.
In 2010, the World Federation came to the conclusion that Circus Day should become larger and go beyond Europe. In the first International holiday More than 25 countries participated. The Russian circus community could not stand aside and supported the celebration. From then on, it began to be celebrated internationally. They decided not to break the tradition, so the date of the celebration was left the same as that chosen by the European Association.
Perhaps one of the most vivid memories of every person from childhood is going to the circus. Aerial acrobats, dancing animals, as well as clumsy and extremely funny clowns allow you to forget about the real gray world and be transported to a world of colors, smiles and eternal fun. However, the work of circus performers is very difficult, and often involves significant risk to life. Therefore, the world annually celebrates International Circus Day on the third Saturday of April.
The history of the holiday
The idea to establish World Circus Day belongs to several well-known companies– European Circus Association, International Federation circus So, in 2010 this wonderful professional holiday circus performers. The date chosen to celebrate such an event was the date of European Circus Day, introduced in 2008. Thus, the date of the celebration of Circus Day in Europe passed to a new holiday, which was insisted on by many countries of the world, including Russia.
The purpose of founding such a holiday is to attract public attention to the importance of the development of circus art. This is really extremely important, since circus art is one of the most ancient, and the main task of any circus is to give the audience maximum quantity pleasure, joy and surprise. It turns out that all circuses work only for the smiles and entertainment of spectators, improving their mood. Therefore, Circus Day is aimed at supporting a circus that can move spectators to Magic world, full of colors, unusual animals and funny clowns, preserving such an ancient and useful art.
On the third Sunday of this month, everyone can join in the celebration International Day circus At this time, many circuses give traveling performances, and masters of circus art conduct unique master classes for spectators, allowing everyone to try themselves as acrobats, jugglers or tightrope walkers. At Circus Day celebrations ordinary people have the opportunity to enter the circus arena and feel like actors, clowns and even trainers, and therefore appreciate the incredible skill and titanic work of such specialists.
Many people don't even realize that the circus has its headquarters located in the mini-kingdom of Monte Carlo. The famous patron of the circus is the Princess of Monaco. She personally monitors the work of the Circus Federation and the development similar art. At the same time, such a crowned lady is one of the initiators of the creation of such a Federation, which is engaged in popularizing the activities of the circus, as well as attracting public attention to the problems of the circus.
In Russia, many measures are also being taken to support the circus art. There is even a specialized State circus company Russia, engaged in supporting the Russian circus, as well as attracting public attention to the main problems of this area. Similar main company Russia, dealing with the problems and development of the circus, is an association of the largest circuses in the country. It provides for the presentation of an unusual prize to people who have achieved great success in circus activities. The prize is a specific figurine of a laughing harlequin clown holding on to a circus ball with one hand.
How did the circus appear?
The first circuses are considered to be funny performances in ancient Hellas dedicated to the glorification of pagan deities. Such festivities were attended by costumed actors, who are the prototype of modern clowns. In the Roman Empire, even more attention was paid to the circus, because there were many full-fledged circuses, where artists regularly delighted the audience with complex and interesting acts. One of the main circus arenas in Rome is the legendary Colosseum, which is the most popular ancient Roman building that has survived many eras. It is noteworthy that in Russia circus art also developed rapidly, which is confirmed by buffoonery performances, as well as fun fairs where various actors and masters who tamed wild animals performed. Moreover, even the harsh Middle Ages, which was the era of the birth of the first cultural entities, is also distinguished by the presence of circus performances. At that time, merry games and feasts were organized, the entertainment of which was jesters and trainers, acrobats and dancers.
The first professional circus, featuring performances by trainers of predatory animals, aerial acrobats, tightrope walkers and skilled jugglers, appeared only several centuries later in Europe. However, such a circus was not held in pavilions, but simply on the street or in pre-prepared places. If we talk about the first circus under a dome with a round arena, it arose only in London (18th century). Since then, circus art has been constantly improved, and the fame and popularity of the circus has grown rapidly. With the advent of the Internet, as well as films with spectacular special effects, the popularity of the circus has decreased significantly. But there are many people who respect the genuine performance of real artists who know how to bring smiles, give joy and instill in children a belief in real miracles.
13.04.2017
World Circus Day is celebrated on the third Saturday of April. Circus art is designed to brighten up dull everyday life. bright colors. Funny clowns, gymnasts soaring under the dome, virtuoso magicians give children unforgettable impressions and emotions of delight. Despite all the deceptive ease with which circus performers perform their tricks, this craft requires extraordinary effort, dedication and love for the viewer.
The first time this holiday was celebrated was in 2010. Its creation was initiated by the World Circus Federation. In the coming years, World Circus Day will be celebrated on the following days.
- 2017 - April 15.
- 2018 - April 21.
- 2019 - April 20.
- 2020 - April 18.
- 2021 - April 16.
From the history of the circus
The circus originated in Ancient Rome. But his performances were quite cruel and differed significantly from modern show programs. Instead of cheerful clowns, resourceful magicians and dexterous tightrope walkers, an enthusiastic audience watched chariot races, gladiator fights and other events in this spirit.
More modern version The circus appeared in 1777 in England, when professional rider Philip Astley staged acrobatic show. It was he who noticed that horses should gallop in a closed circle, and this is how the circus arena was created.
Celebrating Circus Day
On World Circus Day, everyone can attend a circus performance in their city, see an enchanting show, and also take part in master classes conducted by jugglers, magicians, acrobats and other circus performers.
In many countries, Circus Day is celebrated with carnival processions and mass street celebrations. Entertainment programs often include a visit to the circus backstage, where spectators can see with their own eyes the forge of an art that has deep historical roots.
Circus traditions
The circus headquarters is located in Monte Carlo. Its activities are supervised by Princess Stephanie of Monaco. The royal person initiated the creation of an association whose goal was to attract public attention to the circus craft.
In some countries there are circuses that have continued their traditions for more than a hundred years. Dynasties of artists work here, passing on their skills from father and mother to children. " Paradise show from the Celestial Empire" (China), "Circus of the Sun" (Canada) and so on.
Ticket for circus show is relatively inexpensive, and the artists of this organization work hard to create the performance long time, putting yourself in danger. Sometimes their skills reach perfection. They overcome enormous difficulties for the love of the viewer.
Today, circus is one of the most unusual and revered forms of art. The demonstration of fun and originality in circus programs influenced the development of modern entertainment art, because the circus is always relevant.
Circus performances have reached enormous proportions. Each new production surprises and shows something unusual to the modern viewer. Therefore, the performances include not only performances by a theater group, but also magic tricks, dangerous stunts, and the skills of trained animals.
Story
The celebration of Circus Day took place in 2010 for the first time. Two large international organizations proposed patenting and holding this holiday:
- European Circus Association.
- International Circus Federation.
The proposal to create a holiday was justified by the almost complete lack of interest among young people in the circus as an art form. In addition, the holiday includes acquaintance of curious spectators with the inner world of the circus, the life of the actors, and their rehearsals.
In the first year of the celebration, no more than 30 countries supported the idea, and Russia was among the celebrating states whose circus school had international level. By the next year, about 40 countries had already decided to take part in the celebration, and this included more than 100 thematic productions. In general, about two hundred circus troupes organized Circus Day celebrations. Already in 2012, the number of celebrating countries increased to 47. The organizers are young groups from cultural cities and industry leaders, demonstrating their skills.
April 16 was not chosen by chance to celebrate International Circus Day. This day has gone down in history since 2008, when Europe first celebrated this holiday, pursuing the same goals.
Traditions
Considering that the holiday was patented recently, professionals and spectators have already managed to reward it with special traditions.
To attract spectators and young professionals, on this day many circuses invite everyone to a special program that attracts visitors not only holidays visit them, but also get acquainted with the scheduled performances of the artists. Circus troupes hold holiday festivals, in most cases for charity.
The public's spirits are supported by clowns and carnival participants who take to the streets of cities around the world. Performances that lift the spirits of city residents create an atmosphere of joy and carefreeness on this day.
Every year on the third Saturday the entire world circus community and fans of it amazing art celebrate an unusually cheerful holiday - World Circus Day. It was established not only with the purpose of showing the circus in all its splendor and delighting fans of this art new programs and performances, but also aims to pay tribute to the contribution of circus art to culture. After all, not only children, but also adults love the circus, and different corners planets.
The initiators of the establishment of this holiday performed in 2009 by the European Circus Association and the World Circus Federation (Federation Mondiale Du Cirque), operating under the patronage of Princess Stephanie of Monaco. Then the President of the European Circus Association, which currently includes 21 circuses, Urs Pils and Princess Stephanie invited all circuses to support the initiative of the annual celebration of International Circus Day, which was first celebrated in 2010 and has since become an annual event for many countries.
By the way, the World Circus Federation (Federation Mondiale Du Cirque), whose headquarters is located in Monte Carlo, was founded in 2008 with the aim of promoting the development of circus art and culture throughout the world. It was she who initiated the holiday dedicated to the circus - in 2008 (on the third Saturday of April) the European Circus Day was held for the first time, and it was decided to continue this tradition with the establishment of world holiday– International Circus Day. Currently, the issue is being discussed with UNESCO regarding the inclusion of this holiday in the list of annually celebrated dates.
It must be said that there are national Circus Days in many countries. In Russia, ideas about establishing such a holiday have been heard for many years, but so far Russian circus performers have not had their own holiday. But an international day appeared. Thus, more than 25 countries, including Russia, took part in the celebration of the first International Circus Day in 2010.
Although the circus is considered one of oldest species art, since mention of all kinds of performances acrobats, jugglers, horse riders, clowns... date back to the times Ancient World, but in its modern form the circus appeared only at the end of the 18th century. And its founder is considered to be the English rider Philip Astley, who experimentally found that it is most convenient for horses to run and perform tricks in a full gallop in a circle with a diameter of 13 meters. Today, this arena diameter is observed in almost all circuses in the world.
Being a skilled rider, Astley showed various tricks on horses in the arena, and later other artists entered the arena - acrobats, jugglers, tightrope walkers, clowns, trainers... Since the mid-19th century, the number of circus genres has increased and expanded technical capabilities performances and performances. For example, after the introduction of a safety net in the rooms aerial gymnastics it became possible to complicate the tricks.
In Russia, the circus, in its modern sense, appeared much later than in Europe. The oldest circus station is the Gaetano Ciniselli Circus in St. Petersburg, opened in 1877, which is still functioning today. But the creators of Russian national circus considered to be the Nikitin brothers, who, having given the first performance of the “Russian Circus of the Nikitin Brothers” in Penza, subsequently opened a whole network of high-quality circuses in a number of Russian cities.
Modern circus is clowning, acrobatics, balancing act, musical eccentricity, illusionism, pantomime, sideshow and much more. There are thousands of circuses in the world, and a number of them are world famous. For example, one of the most ancient circus troupes in the world is the Chinese acrobatic circus “Paradise Show from the Celestial Empire”, or the Canadian “Circus of the Sun” (Cirque du Soleil), the main advantage of which is that it is not just a separate circus organization, but is a huge circus corporation with offices in several countries around the world. And in the French “Circus Fratellini” the main characters- clowns, and the famous American “Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus” is considered one of the first in the process of modernizing the circus business.
Our domestic circus is no less famous. Big Moscow state circus on Vernadsky Avenue - the largest stationary circus in the world. During his activity, he presented more than 100 different programs where he took part best artists Russian and foreign circus. And in the arena of the Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard, one of the oldest circuses in the country, world-famous artists performed - Anatoly and Vladimir Durov, Vitaly Lazarenko, Williams Truzzi with their horses, acrobats Okeanos, tightrope walkers the Koch sisters, magician Kio, clowns Karandash, Oleg Popov, Yuri Nikulin, Leonid Engibarov, Mikhail Shuidin. Valentin Filatov’s “Bear Circus” was created here...
It should also be noted that there are a lot of dynasties in this profession, continuing the best circus traditions. The Golden Fund of the Russian Circus includes such famous dynasties as: the Durovs, Zapashnys, Kio, Filatovs, Kantemirovs, Tuganovs, Bagdasarovs, Volzhanskys, Doveikos. And the list of ringmasters can be continued for a long time. Many books and pictures have been written about the circus, many films have been made, and International circus festivals, the oldest and most prestigious of which is the Monte Carlo Festival, where its circus Oscars are played.
In honor of today's holiday, many circuses organize open days, various street events, special programs, exhibitions, carnivals, charity events and other events. International Circus Day is a special event for all masters and fans of circus art, such a kind, slightly naive, but sincere and beautiful miracle, whose name is CIRCUS.
Waved conductor's hand,
Music major roars,
And the drum struck again,
And everyone took their places!
