DIY Japanese style gate. Japanese torii - bird roost

With the advent of city palaces, country mansions and castles, the need for forged gates arose - business card Houses. The main entrance becomes the pride of the owner of an estate or castle, and very worthy and attractive creations of masters of decorative and applied arts are often born here. Many blacksmith works have been delighting the urban landscape with their perfect form and amazing beauty for decades, and often centuries.

Now we will introduce our fans to some interesting objects, and we will begin our photo exhibition from the foreign gates.

In the Czech Republic, one of the amazing castles has a gate of breathtaking beauty.

The arched frame of the central fixed arch is richly saturated with volutes and acanthuses and is very harmoniously complemented in the center family coat of arms and a crown. Hand talented artist attached to this creation in the form of an extremely airy and very demanding design of the doors and side grilles.

Photo No. 2 shows the sophisticated gates of Prague Castle.

Photo No. 3 shows an amazing lattice on Wenceslas Square.

In Spain, we will limit ourselves to the Gate of the great Gaudi in the Art Nouveau style, installed in Barcelona.

In previous articles we described it in detail creative style in forging.

You cannot pass by the museum under open air Italy. Although in the near future we will devote a separate huge article to this country with an abundance of photographs, we will still present several works.

The two photographs below show gate bars in Hungary.

A very delicate pattern of gates in the Baroque style decorates the square in front of Fertőd Castle.

And this is work famous master Henry Fazola is preserved in the Hungarian capital Budapest in the Eger district.

Very attractive gates also decorate castles in Germany and Austria.
The majestic gates greet visitors to the unique Bellweber castle ensemble in Austria.

The apparent simplicity of the gate leaves, consisting of a series of vertical bars, is gracefully complemented by a superb early Baroque arch with a large crown at the very top of the gate.

The gates of the newly restored complex in Schloss Hof (Austria) are striking in their massiveness and solidity.

The forged gate made in 1885 by the hands of Karl Fiedler is perfectly preserved.

Installed in a Salzburg street arch leading to a cemetery, they call for calm and mourning.

One of the best castles in Hesse is located in the town of Hanau.

This is Philippsruhe Castle, which is also the oldest Baroque castle on the eastern bank of the Rhine. Matching the castle are its charming wrought-iron gates with metal posts ending in exceptionally beautiful lanterns. And also with an abundance of gilding in the lattice pattern, which shimmers fantastically on sunny days.

The gates to the city are also luxurious.

Wurzburg, Germany.

And at Alt-Schwerin Castle.

In the United States, a number of gates have been preserved in mansions in such famous areas as Long Island (New York) and Newport.

Tall double-leaf gates in the style of period grilles European Middle Ages block the way to the palaces. All gates have beautiful wrought-iron decor on their sections.

Let's move to Argentina.

The entrance to the park in the city of Mendoza looks exactly like this.

And now we are in France in her womb.

Paris is a holiday forever and it is always with us. The forged gates of the Palace of Justice are very luxurious, Grand Palace, Small Palace and one of the government institutions.

A captivating gate protects the entrance to Parc Monceau and the garden of the Elysee Palace.

A first-class baroque gate structure is installed in one of the cathedrals capital Cities.

The entrance to the famous Palace of Versailles is blocked by high gates painted with royal composition.

Unfortunately, this product is a remake.
The brilliant gates on Place Stanislas in Nancy, made by the wonderful Lamour masters, are shown in the photo.

Magic greets people as they enter Lyon's city park.

IN fairy forest There is such a miracle in Warsaw.

Fast forward to the UK, rather prim but still hospitable.
Cafe bar London.

Royal Naval College.

Entrance to one of London's parks.

Gate 18th century Ireland.

England 14th century.

Worcester City Gate.

The irresistible gate of an 18th century English court.

Bradford Gate.

And finally, a few Russian products.
In the photo, still standing in Kostroma (though in a terrible state), unusual for such a provincial town, are the incomparable baroque gates of the 19th century.

The photo also shows an excellent gate in Bobrov Lane in Moscow that requires major repairs.

In photo No. 42 we present the charming gates of the Metropol Hotel with a very picturesque modern composition.

Photo No. 43 shows the unsurpassed gates of the Winter Palace.

Photos 44 and 45 show an amazing baroque painting of the gates of the Catherine Palace.

Photo No. 46 shows a fragment of a surprisingly light gate Summer Garden In St. Petersburg.

And the final photo No. 47 of our excursion will be the gates of Spiridonov’s St. Petersburg mansion on Furshtatskaya Street.

Japanese red gate (Torii)

Torii(Japanese 鳥居, lit. "bird's perch") - ritual gates installed in front of shrines of the Japanese Shinto religion. Traditionally, they are gates painted red without leaves, made of two pillars connected at the top by two crossbars.

The upper crossbar of the torii is called “kasagi” (Japanese: 笠木), and the lower one, located immediately below it, is called “nuki” (Japanese: 貫).

Legend has it that one day the sun goddess Amaterasu was angry with her brother, the thunder god Susanoo, because he, due to his unbridled temper, ruined her rice fields, hid in a cave and blocked the entrance to it with a huge boulder.

Torii of Itsukushima Shrine

The whole world immediately plunged into darkness. The frightened people did not know what to do, because they were all doomed to death if the sun did not return to illuminate the earth.

Then, on the advice of one sage, they erected a huge bird perch, on which they planted all their roosters. When the birds began to crow, an incredible noise arose. Amaterasu, intrigued by the noise outside, slightly moved the stone at the entrance to the cave to see what was happening.

A mirror was placed opposite the entrance, and when Amaterasu saw her reflection, the world was illuminated with light again. Since then, torii has become a symbol of good luck and prosperity. In addition, in the past, the Japanese believed that the souls of the dead were carried away by birds, which often rested on these structures.

Currently, torii is one of the most easily recognizable symbols of the Land of the Rising Sun.

The most famous torii is the gate to Itsukushima Shrine. The current gate structure, 16 meters high, was erected in 1875 and is made of camphor wood. From the sea, torii open the entrance to the great temple complex. They stand close to the sea not far from the sanctuary - on the territory of the bay. Each time the tide comes in, the torii submerges slightly in the water.

This is how they appear to the whole world.

Garden gates and wickets

We bring to your attention garden gates made from high-quality materials (the product is welded, the welds are cleaned and sanded, a red-brown GF primer coating is applied)
By purchasing our gates and wickets you get a reliable product High Quality, which will delight you for many years.

Gate installation (gate installation), this includes drilling a hole to the depth of the post, making a backfill of crushed stone on which the post is placed and concrete is poured to the full depth of the hole.

Japanese gates in landscape design

All materials and labor are included in the price.

You can order a gate by phone without coming to us!!!

Having selected the products you need, you can simply call +7-921-796-89-14, +7-921-633-54-26, and agree with the manager on the cost and delivery time. We will deliver your order within a few days.

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Retail sale of goods for gardening, gardening and vegetable gardening in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region. There are various types of greenhouses made of cellular polycarbonate, big choice garden gates, fence posts and chain-link mesh.

We offer installation services for garden gates, greenhouses and various types fences

Holidays:
Kangensai Music Festival - July-August
sacred performances of Jin-No - April 16-18
demonstration of ancient court dances Bugaku - January 2, 3, 5

(more correctly - itsukushima) - one of the three most famous places in Japan, which are famous for their stunning landscapes.

The island is located in the Japanese Inland Sea (Seto Naikai). On the island of Miyajima, the Itsukushima Shrine is one of the oldest Shinto shrines, dating back more than 14 centuries, and one of the most famous landmarks in Japan, the Shinto Shrine Gate ( torii), standing in the middle of the ocean, you can only walk under them at low tide. To everyone who passed under torii luck and happiness should smile.

Not far from the temple is one of the oldest Buddhist monasteries in Japan - Daiganji, dedicated to the goddess Benten. Next to it is a 5-tier pagoda (16th century), as well as the Hall of a Thousand Tatami.

Until the middle of the last century, the island was considered sacred, and here, according to Shinto beliefs, nothing unclean should have happened here, which included childbirth and funerals. There is still no cemetery here, and the dead are taken away from the island.

Literally, Miyajima means Temple Island, and this is quite fair, since the Itsukushima Shrine, one of the oldest Shinto shrines, dates back more than 14 centuries, was erected here. In its current form it was rebuilt in the 12th century. through the efforts of the Taira clan, when one of its military leaders was deified here. Itsukushima is dedicated to the three daughters of one of the main deities of the Shinto pantheon - Susanoo. All of them are considered patroness of sailors. The main structure of the temple, raised on stilts, stands on the very shore, and during high tide it seems to float on the surface of the sea. Its numerous halls are connected by bridge galleries that lead to an open area where ritual dances are performed.

TORI Gate

Providing one of the country's three most impressive views (Nihon Sankei), the torii of Itsukushima Shrine seem to float on water. (Another outstanding attraction is the Amanohashidate sand spit). The commander Taira no Kiyomori erected the first torii in the waters of the bay in the 12th century. The present structure dates back to 1875 and is 16 m high. Four pillars (yotzuashi) ensure the stability of the gate. The bright red gate - torii - is located far out to sea. You can only pass under this gate at low tide. There is a belief: a person who manages to pass through this gate will find happiness and prosperity. Thousands of Japanese and foreign tourists come to the island to try their luck. Together with the “floating” temple, the torii make an unforgettable impression.

Dedicated to the three sea goddesses, daughters of the Shinto god Susanoo, it was founded in 593 during the regency of Empress Suiko. It acquired its final form in 1168 under Tairano Kiyomori (1118-1181), the great leader of the Heike (Taira) clan and the penultimate ruler of the Heian era. The sanctuary building, with its attached covered corridors, is famous for its thatched roofs and bright orange carved woodwork. Built on stilts directly above the sea, at high tide it appears to float on water. It's really outstanding example temple architecture of the Heian period. Rows of bronze lanterns hang from the eaves; when they are lit on holidays along with stone lanterns, the effect is simply magical. The famous 16m high torii gate is located 160m from the shrine. They were built from camphor wood and were rebuilt for the 8th time in 1875. On the territory of the sanctuary there is a stage of the Noh theater, established in the 16th century, which is used in the sacred performances of Jin-No (April 16-18).

It houses a valuable collection (about 4,000 items), 130 of which have the status of Important Cultural Property or National Treasure: fans, swords, armor, masks and a collection of famous sutra scrolls that once belonged to the Heike clan.

On the hill above the shrine stands Gojunoto, a five-story pagoda built in 1407. Next to it is Senjokaku, the “pavilion of a thousand tatami,” built in 1587.

This temple was responsible for maintaining the Itsukushima Jinja until 1868, when Shinto Buddhists were outlawed. The most important temple in Miyajima is Daishoin, which is located up the hill to the southwest.

From the low mountains approaching the sea itself, a wonderful view opens not only of the temple reflected in the water, but also of the islands of the Inland Sea, almost always shrouded in a light haze. The island is crowned by Mount Misen, to which two lines of cable cars lead. The ascent on one (1100 m) takes about 9 minutes, and on the other (500 m) - 3 minutes. Every 60 seconds, cable cars depart. Along the way, you can admire the pristine nature of Miyajima. From Mount Misen you can see not only the entire island, but also the lights of Hiroshima - a city that knows what war and peace are.
There are also several nature trails along the mountainside. The climb on foot will take about 90 minutes.

Along the embankment and mountain paths of Momijidani (Valley of Maple Trees) Park, deer and almost tame monkeys, always looking for a treat, roam. The island is home to a branch of the Japan Monkey Research Center, which studies the life of these animals in natural conditions. brought and settled here in 1962. They seemed to like it in Miyajima.

Located at an altitude of 530 m, you may not see monkeys - they are hiding in the forest, but be prepared for the fact that the animals may attack the tourist if his movements are too sudden. There are 2 rules for communicating with monkeys: do not look them directly in the eyes and do not feed them. At the very top there are several small temples, among which there is said to be one built by the monk Kukai (774-835), the founder of the Shingon Buddhist sect.

You can get to Miyajima quite quickly: 30 minutes by comfortable train or minibus and another 10 minutes by ferry from. You can arrive in the city in the afternoon, but there is so much to see here that it is better to devote a whole day to exploring. Staying overnight is a big temptation, but hotels are not cheap.

The Japanese garden in the form in which it is known throughout the world is inextricably linked with a thousand-year-old spiritual culture Japanese islands. Perhaps nothing reflects this unity better than the traditional Japanese gate, which has played an important symbolic role for many centuries and remains one of the main features of the classic Japanese garden (pictured).

The key to success when creating a garden Japanese style not in literally copying its individual elements, but in understanding the meaning that the Japanese themselves put into every detail of the garden space, and the meaning of the overall composition.

Until the 19th century, only representatives of the Japanese nobility could afford gates as an element of architecture. In addition, the gates were an integral part of the tea gardens and played a significant role in the ceremony itself.

• The first covered threshold at the entrance to such a garden opened behind a covered gate that separated it from the outside world (photo above).
• Depending on the size of the garden, the guest had to pass several symbolic thresholds in the form of gates; this entire journey was poetically called the “path of tea.”

Almost anyone who is familiar with basic carpentry can recreate gates from centuries-old Japanese tea gardens. The construction diagram of a Japanese gate with a roof is shown in the photo below.

Scheme - drawing for building a Japanese gate

The fundamentally simple technology for building gates in the Japanese style requires the selection of stylistically correct materials for construction and finishing, such as solid tiles (pictured below).

Torii gates are one of the symbols of Japan (pictured below). Their design is quite simple - they are two wooden posts with two crossbars.

Initially, the wood for torii was not even painted or processed; later, under the influence of China, the tradition of covering them with red paint and hieroglyphs spread, and the wood was gradually replaced by stone.

Although torii gates are the first thing that comes to mind when thinking about Japanese architecture, install them as decorative element not worth it.

These gates have always had a sacred purpose; they draw a symbolic line between the spiritual and the earthly. Torii are placed only at the entrance to a temple or cemetery.

Types of garden gates in Japanese style

IN modern Japan Even the sacred torii gate is made of ordinary concrete, but the structure does not lose its charm. Therefore, the choice of material is quite wide, but in order not to make a mistake, you should give preference to natural materials.

Modern Japanese gardens still feature gates, but with a simpler design:

• Hiramon or hirakado - a structure of two pillars and a roof;
• Kidamon is a single-leaf gate without a roof;
• Kubikimon - a gate with a crossbar without a roof;
• Munamon is a structure with a gable roof on two pillars without struts.

All of these most common types of gate designs are presented in the photo below.

Most Japanese-style gates have a simple design and look great in the design of modern areas, such as the photo below.

However, the simplicity of the Japanese-style gate design is extremely deceptive.

A Kubikimon gate without stylistic support from the surrounding landscape can easily turn into a garden partition, say Mediterranean style. Therefore, maintaining stylistic unity is extremely important here. important role, otherwise a gate or other landscape element will look random, inappropriate and awkward.

In the design of a site in the Japanese style and in the construction of gates in particular, not only the shape is important, but also the material; it is this that clearly marks the object’s belonging to Japanese traditions.

The basis of the Japanese-style gate design is wood. Traditional roofing materials for roofs: planks, copper, iron, tiles (both small and massive).

Today you can support Japanese motifs in garden design and decorate the gates with the help of available plants. It is not necessary to plant sakura or red maple in an attempt to reproduce the imperial gardens of the Edo period on the site.

• Most garden centers offer frost-resistant varieties of bamboo that will perfectly complement Japanese-style gates that serve as front doors.
• For the background and middle ground of the garden, you can use beautifully flowering plum varieties (Ussuri, Chinese willow, apricot) as well as decorative apple trees with different flower colors and many other plants suitable for your climate zone.
• Shrubs with lush colors can be used as bright spots, for example: Japanese quince, weigela, deutzia, euonymus and barberries.
• It is important that a Japanese garden has one or two dominant colors, which can change over the seasons.
• Traditional combination: red and green and white and green. The abundance of variegated flowers is inappropriate here in any case. It is better to experiment with perennial shrubs different shades, but within one color range.
• Stones of any kind are always appropriate in a Japanese garden. This could be a path strewn with fine gravel or crushed stone, a rock garden, or even a whole garden stones.

The color scheme of the buildings themselves, including the gates, should be as restrained and natural as possible. It is important to consider that bright colors, if we talk about the Japanese style, are inherent mainly in public places and places of worship, but not in private, classical gardens.

Verbatim from Japanese language this word is translated as the place of residence of a bird, a little less literally - a bird's perch. Why this is so, I don’t know, but apparently this pair of pigeons is definitely aware.

And when I began to write this post and, armed with a dictionary, found out the translation of the word into Russian, I understood quite clearly why, when they saw me photographing the pigeons sitting on the gate, five or six Japanese people passing by (there was a crowd, some kind of... It’s a holiday) they immediately grabbed their cameras and also started filming these birds. In general, torii is one of the symbols of modern Japan recognizable all over the world, and in my opinion is also recognizable as a red circle on a white background or sushi. Shinto is the national Japanese religion, which is very deeply and closely connected with the customs, culture and, in general, the entire way of life of the Japanese, from ancient times to the present day. Each shrine is usually dedicated to a specific kami (神) deity, of which there are a great many. It is believed that kami may appear in front of the entrance to the temple or at the gate, and often these places are decorated with dense thick strands of rice straw. At least one torii gate is located in front of the entrance to a Shinto shrine - a temple or altar. Sometimes there are so many gates that looking at the very first torii it is difficult to see where the temple itself is located. But if you start going through the gate, you can be sure that you will certainly bump into it. Gates can be found everywhere - in the city center, on its outskirts, in the forest, at the foot or at the top of a mountain. Unimaginably huge, medium and even small garden gates leading to the personal altar of the owners. It seems to me that it is in Shinto that the roots of the exceptional superstition of the Japanese lie, their penchant for all sorts of rituals for money, luck, health, talismans, maneki neko, etc. Very often there is a big number medium-sized stones - I don’t know how they are placed there, but this is clearly one of the ways to remind the deity of oneself. I also read that in Japan it is customary for people who have completed some serious, big work to donate to a torii shrine. In general, most of the statues, pedestals and figurines on the territory of Japanese temples are placed in honor of donors. Usually, somewhere below you can read the donor's first and last name. Moreover, each item has its own price. Donations start at about $500 and end with the price of a nice apartment. Given the magnitude of the gate, I think the donation size should be at least $50,000 (but I think more). I won’t describe what torii look like externally, but simply invite you to look at a series of photographs.


Original post.
UPD Upon urgent request mihairu :
The very origin of torii is closely connected with the mythological history of Japan.
One day, the god of wind and storm Susanoo went on a rampage and did a lot of outrages, destroying rice fields and desecrating the home of his sister, the sun goddess Amaterasu. Insulted, Amaterasu took refuge in the heavenly cave, tightly closing the door behind her. The world has plunged into darkness. To lure Amaterasu out of hiding, the heavenly deities tried many ways - they held dances at her door, hung various decorations at the entrance to the cave. The bet was also placed on vocal roosters, capable of awakening even a sleeping goddess. In front of the cave, a high perch (Japanese torii) was built, on which a flock of birds was located. As a result of many different tricks, the sun goddess was lured out of the cave, and light returned to the world again. But since then, torii have become an indispensable attribute of any temple dedicated to the Shinto gods - “kami”.

As we say, theater begins with a hanger... Let me rephrase: every house, every yard begins with doors, gates, gates. It's like the border between what remains behind you and what opens up in front of you. Therefore, I want to dedicate my first post about Japan to the amazing phenomenon of this country - the Japanese torii (gate). I invite you to walk through this gate and enter amazing world legends and life.....

Since then, the custom of building torii has become common. They have become an indispensable attribute of any temple dedicated to Shinto gods. Each shrine is dedicated to a specific kami deity. Therefore, there are more than 85 thousand such temples throughout the country...

Reference

There are two main religions in Japan: Shintoism and Buddhism.

Shintoism (or Shinto) can literally be translated as “the way of many kami (gods). The basis of this movement is the worship of the forces of nature. According to Shinto beliefs, the sun, trees, mountains, stones and natural phenomena are kami and endowed with a soul, they are worshiped in temples specially built for this purpose.

Later, from India through Korea and China, Buddhism entered the country. In modern Japan, 84% of the population simultaneously professes both religions.

But not all torii are red.

The material that goes into the construction of a torii is also varied. There are temple gates made of bronze and granite. Nowadays, torii have even begun to be made from unpainted reinforced concrete, often lost against the background of the usual urban color scheme - gray walls houses and dusty asphalt.

Sometimes builders, trying to give such torii a traditional look, cover the hardened concrete of the pillars with a pattern reminiscent of the rough bark of cryptomeria.
But this does not make them lose their meaning.

It is impossible to count the number of torii installed in the country. They can be found everywhere: in the city center, on its outskirts, in the forest, at the foot of a mountain or at its top.
Torii in Kagoshima city.....

Each temple, large or small, may have several gates. Their number is determined not so much by religious canons or architectural needs, but by the generosity of local sponsors, who are ready, in memory of some important event, to build new torii for the local temple. On such torii there may be signs from whom and in honor of what event they were erected. Sometimes there are so many gates that looking at the very first torii, it is difficult to understand where the temple itself is located. But if you start going through the gate, you will definitely come to him..