Sentimental story. Abstract: Sentimentalism as a literary movement
August 12, 1775 – January 15, 1862
Russian writer and teacher
Biography
The son of Anton-John Vladimirovich von Engelhardt and Christina Beata di Priadda (di Priauda), who came from a family of Venetian patricians.
In 1780 he was enrolled in the Preobrazhensky Life Guards Regiment.
Engelhardt was raised by his intelligent and highly educated mother. At the age of eight, he was sent to the Bardevik boarding school for girls, famous at that time in St. Petersburg, where boys and girls studied. Among his teachers were A. Storch and L. Kraft (academicians), Busse and others who gained fame in the scientific world. Engelhardt showed a rare ability for learning languages very early on. He then supplemented his knowledge acquired at the boarding school with private lessons at home Latin language and mathematics; but he owes all his multifaceted information, which subsequently earned him the title of member of various educational societies, to himself.
Upon reaching the age of 16, he entered active service as a sergeant in the Preobrazhensky Regiment. For one year he was an orderly under Prince Potemkin and participated in the construction famous holiday given by the prince to the empress. In 1793, Engelhardt was sent as a courier to Vienna. Two years later he was transferred to the Smolensk Dragoon Regiment and, with the rank of captain, was seconded to the office of Prince Zubov. Soon after, in 1796, Engelhardt moved to the College of Foreign Affairs, to the office of Vice-Chancellor Prince Kurakin, whose special trust, attention and favor he was able to quickly acquire.
With the establishment of the State Council in 1801, he was appointed assistant secretary of state. In 1811, due to his special inclination to engage in educational work, he was appointed director of the St. Petersburg Pedagogical Institute, and he retained all the contents of the rank of assistant secretary of state, although the affairs of the Council no longer concerned him; this continued throughout Engelhardt’s service at the Lyceum. From a young age, Engelhardt felt an attraction and even a calling to teaching. Then he already read, preferably, works that developed best methods education of youth and constantly had a desire to be at the head of an educational institution. His wishes were destined to come true, and he could study in practice everything that he had hitherto only studied in theory.
It is unknown for what reasons during Napoleon’s invasion, the Minister of Public Education, Count. Razumovsky ordered Engelhardt to go with Pedagogical Institute and a gymnasium in Petrozavodsk.
In 1816-23 he was director Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. He was appointed as a result of increased unrest in the Lyceum (especially in the boarding school) instead of director Malinovsky, whose short-term management is often forgotten by the lyceum students, accustomed to considering Engelhardt their first and oldest director.
As a farewell, the lyceum director Yegor Antonovich Engelhardt presented all the lyceum students of the first graduating class with special cast-iron rings as a souvenir - a symbol of indestructible friendship and memory - and they will call each other “cast-ironists”...
For many years he maintained friendly relations with the students of the lyceum; corresponded with the exiled I. I. Pushchin.
He was buried at the Smolensk Lutheran Cemetery.
Wrote on economic and agricultural issues. A number of his articles were published in the publication of A. K. Storch “Russland unter Alexander I” (27 issue, St. Petersburg and Leipzig, 1803-11). In 1838-52, the newspaper “Russische Landwirtschaftliche Zeitung” was published under his editorship. Based on the handwritten diaries of F. P. Wrangel, he published a description of his journey through Siberia under the title: “Reise l?ngs der Nordk?ste von Sibirien und auf dem Eismeer in den J?hren 1820-24” (Berlin, 1839).
Fine collection All-Russian Museum A.S. Pushkin was replenished with two unique exhibits - watercolor portraits Director of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum E.A. Engelhardt (1775 - 1862) and his wife, Maria Yakovlevna Engelhardt (1778 - 1858), donated by the descendants of the famous St. Petersburg architect Harold Bosse, now living in Germany.
Langer V.P. Portrait of E.A. Engelhardt. 1820s.
Egor Antonovich Engelhardt (Georg Reinhold Gustav von Engelhardt) played very important role in the formation of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum as educational institution. He was a man of great warmth, extraordinary honesty and high nobility. From the moment he assumed the post of director of the lyceum, the closed circle of students of this closed educational institution began to come into contact with society, the moral influence of which Engelhardt considered one of essential elements in the education of young men. He invited his pupils to his place, being convinced that home furnishings and the habit of being with family will benefit them. In the director's house, casual conversations were held, literary evenings, plays were staged in which both students and members of Yegor Antonovich’s household took part. And the family of the Lyceum director by that time was quite large. His wife was Maria Yakovlevna (Augusta Maria Dorothea Whitaker), the widow of the postal director Ghani, the daughter of the English banker J. Whitaker and Baroness Anna Alekseevna von der Palen. Plus seven children, and numerous relatives.
Langer V.P. Portrait of M.Ya. Engelhardt. 1820s
An intelligent, touchingly caring, devoted friend, Engelhardt forever remained in the grateful hearts of many students as a moral example of a teacher and person. With many of them he maintained good, almost family relations until the end of his days. But for some reason it didn’t work out with Pushkin. Apparently, the young poet and the great poet were different in character, temperament and attitude. life experience the mentor could not get closer: Pushkin was irritated by his sometimes petty tutelage, and Engelhardt was irritated by the young man’s seeming frivolity and superficiality. Even in mature age they never understood each other. In one of the letters from F.F. Egor Antonovich wrote to Matyushkin (March 18, 1831):
“Do you know that Pushkin got married? His Muscovite wife, as they say, is very kind, educated and has money. It’s a pity for her, she’ll probably be unhappy. The only good thing about him was his gift for poetry, and even that seems to be disappearing; the latest "His works are far behind his previous ones, for example: Boris Godunov is very weak. He amuses himself with small epigrammatic poems, in which he scolds everyone and everything in a rather vulgar way. Bad craft."(Quoted from: Rudenskaya S.D. Tsarskoselsky - Alexander Lyceum. 1811 - 1817. St. Petersburg, 1999, pp. 73 - 74).
This is myopia.
However, it did not stop Engelhardt from actively defending Pushkin before strongmen of the world this. When Alexander I, in a conversation with Yegor Antonovich, began to threaten the poet with exile to Siberia, former mentor, true to his principles, stood up for him, saying that Pushkin is "the beauty of modern literature" that his extraordinary talent requires mercy, and “exile can have a detrimental effect on a young man’s ardent disposition.”
