Moomin troll made of felt. Everyone needs warmth and light, even Morra
The world of technology never ceases to expand and surprise. This week, the South Korean company Samsung received a patent for the creation of “smart” contact lenses. They will be equipped with a built-in camera and sensors that can be controlled with minimal effort - blinking.
What is special about the new technology?
The patent was issued South Korea Samsung, which thus became a competitor to Google. IN this moment Only these two companies have patents to produce this type of contact lenses. But when it comes to the form of these technologies, it turns out that Google's main area of interest is in the medical field, as the company hopes to develop sensors to be placed inside lenses that detect blood sugar levels through tears.
Samsung's concept includes built-in antennas that will transmit recorded data to your smartphone. This will take these devices to a whole new level. 
Should we worry or worry?
If these new products become available to a wide range of consumers, there will undoubtedly be mixed reactions to devices of this nature.
On the one hand, many will be amazed that someone managed to develop a device of this level, because previously we could only see it in Hollywood films. This will be enough to get many people lining up in hopes of becoming one of the first to be able to capture video using their own eyes and blinking. 
On the other hand, many may feel that this technology has gone too far. Considering how much modern technologies are already negatively impacting us, the hypothetical health consequences of using a device that is capable of transmitting video to smartphones directly through our eyes are alarming.
Of course, at this stage, when the product has not even begun to be developed, there is no evidence that the device can cause any harm. 
So far this is only a patent
It is important to keep in mind that all of these statements only indicate that a patent has been issued. Various companies receive patents all the time, many of them then work, other inventions are forgotten about. So no matter what opinion you hold, wait real result, when the company moves to implement its idea, before celebrating or protesting this apparent scientific fantasy.
The invention relates to the field of ophthalmology, namely to toric contact lenses for the correction of astigmatism, in which the correction is provided by the structure of the rear surface of the lenses. The invention is aimed at reducing the occurrence of unwanted or excessive loads on the cornea, leading to increased staining of the cornea, which is achieved due to the fact that the area of the toric optical zone of the rear surface of the lenses that form the subject of the present invention is equal to or greater than 50% of the total area of the rear surface of the lens. 2 n. and 6 salary f-ly, 1 ill.
Drawings for RF patent 2498368
Field of invention
The present invention relates to contact lenses. More specifically, the present invention provides contact lenses for astigmatism correction in which the correction is provided by a structure on the back surface of the lens.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known that the correction of certain optical defects can be achieved by imparting non-spherical correction characteristics to one or more surfaces of the contact lens. One type of such correction is a cylindrical correction to correct the wearer's astigmatism. However, the use of such lenses is associated with certain difficulties, since for effective correction the lens must be in a certain orientation relative to the eye. After the initial placement of the lens, automatic positioning or auto-positioning of the lens occurs, after which the lens must assume the correct position and then maintain this position for a long time. However, after initial positioning, the lens tends to rotate on the surface of the eye due to blinking, as well as movement of the eyelids and tear fluid.
Fixing the lens in correct position on the eye is usually achieved by changing its mechanical properties. For example, prismatic stabilization is applied, including, but not limited to, decentering the front surface of the lens relative to the back surface, thickening the lower peripheral zone of the lens, creating concave and convex areas on the lens surface, and truncation of the lens edge.
In addition, dynamic stabilization is used, which involves stabilizing the lenses using thinned zones or areas in which the thickness of the lens periphery is reduced. Typically, such thinned zones are located in two symmetrically located areas, one each in the upper and lower regions of the peripheral zone of the lens. One of the disadvantages of dynamic stabilization is that when a dynamically stabilized lens is initially placed on the eye, it can take 10 to 20 minutes for it to automatically position itself.
Lens designs with improved stabilizing properties are known. However, depending on the design features of the rear optical surface of lenses with improved stabilizing properties, unwanted or excessive loads on the cornea may occur.
Brief description of drawings
In fig. 1 is a top view of the rear surface of a lens of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention and preferred
embodiments
One of the discoveries of the present invention is the discovery that a toric lens with a back surface that provides toric correction without increasing corneal staining can be obtained by imparting certain characteristics to the optical zone of the back surface of the lens. More specifically, one of the discoveries of the present invention is the discovery that by using a toric optical zone of the rear surface of the lens, the area of which is equal to or greater than approximately 50% of the total rear surface area, the pressure exerted by the lens on the cornea and thereby the staining of the cornea can be reduced . The lens back design of the present invention can be used in the manufacture of a wide variety of toric lenses, but is most useful in the manufacture of silicone hydrogel soft contact lenses and, in particular, silicone hydrogel lenses that employ any of the lens stabilizing structures , described in US patents No. 6939005; 7036930 and 7159979, incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a soft contact lens including, substantially consisting of, and consisting of a back surface having a toric optical zone, wherein the area of said toric optical zone is equal to or greater than approximately 50% of the total back surface area of the lens.
The term "back surface" refers to the surface of the lens that, when the lens is placed on the eye, is closest to the surface of the eye.
The term "total back surface area" refers to the entire rear surface area of the lens, excluding the edges of the lens. For example, the total back surface area of a lens includes the optical and non-optical portions of the back surface of the lens, excluding the edges of the lens. The lens edge is the part of the lens furthest from the geometric center lenses. Typically, the edge width of the lens is from about 0.02 mm to about 0.2 mm.
One of the discoveries of the present invention is the discovery that the pressure generated by the toric back surface of a contact lens can be reduced by increasing the area of the optical zone of the back surface to an amount equal to or greater than approximately 50% of the total back surface area of the lens. Preferably, the lenses of the present invention have a diameter of from about 13.5 mm to about 15.5 mm, more preferably about 14.5 mm.
The toric optical zone has two diameters - large and small. In the lenses of the present invention, the optical zone area of the rear surface is preferably at least about 10 mm to 14 mm, more preferably 13 mm, along large diameter torus, and approximately 8.5 mm to 12.5 mm along its minor diameter.
In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, a transition zone is used to smoothly transition from the optical to the non-optical zone of the lens. The preferred radius, by which we mean the radius relative to the center of the arc, of the transition curve is from about 50 mm to about 500 mm, more preferably about 260 mm.
In fig. 1 shows the rear surface of the lens 10 of the present invention. On said side surface there is a toric optical zone 11 and a non-optical zone 12. The figure also shows a transition curve 13 along which smooth transition between the optical and non-optical zones.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lenses constituting the subject of the present invention also have a defined thickness gradient, in addition to the rear surface optical zone described above. The term "thickness gradient" refers to the difference in thickness between the thickest and thinnest portions of the peripheral zone of the lens. The thickness of a certain area of the lens is measured as the distance between the front, that is, facing the object, surface and the rear surface of the lens along the direction of the normal to the rear surface. The peripheral zone thickness gradient of the lenses of the present invention ranges from about 200 gm to about 400 gm, preferably from about 240 gm to about 300 gm. The term "lens peripheral zone" refers to the non-optical portion of the lens that is adjacent to and surrounding the optical zone of the lens and does not include the edges of the lens.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front or object-facing surface of the lens has an optical zone surrounded by a peripheral zone consisting of four regions; two thin zones or areas and two thick zones or areas. In the two thin zones mentioned, the thickness of the peripheral zone of the lens is reduced compared to the rest of the peripheral zone of the lens. The thin zones are preferably located in the upper and lower regions of the peripheral zone of the lens, respectively. More preferably, said upper and lower thin zones are arranged symmetrically with respect to the 90 and 270 degree directions, respectively. In addition, there are also two thick regions, which are regions of maximum thickness in the peripheral zone of the lens. These regions are preferably located at opposite ends of the horizontal axis of the lens, or axis in the 0-180 degree direction, with preferably one such region located symmetrically about the 0 degree direction and another such region located symmetrically about the 180 degree direction in the peripheral zone of the lens.
Each of said thin zones can be considered to have two characteristic points along the y-axis, an outermost point on the outer edge of the thin zone that is furthest away from the geometric center of the lens, and an innermost point on the inner edge that is closest to the geometric center of the lens. When moving along the y-axis in the direction from the outer edge and the outermost point to the innermost point, the thickness of the thin zone preferably increases continuously. The nature of the change in thickness when moving along a thin zone in the vertical direction along the y-axis to the geometric center of the lens can be linear. This nature of the change in zone thickness can be represented by the following equation:
where T represents the thickness of the lens; And
g(y) represents the law of change in lens thickness as it moves along the y-axis.
One skilled in the art will recognize that either Cartesian or polar coordinates can be used for any of Equations I and II. In addition, one skilled in the art will also recognize that Equations I and II may involve any of a wide range of functions. The preferred function for Equation I is:
where T max represents the maximum thickness at point y=y 0 ;
T min represents the minimum thickness at point y=y 1 ;
y represents the independent variable; And
An alternative preferred function for Equation I in polar coordinates is:
T max represents the maximum thickness at point r=r 0 ;
T min represents the minimum thickness at point r=r 1 ;
r represents the independent variable; And
r 0 and r 1 are some points on the r axis.
The preferred function for Equation II is:
where T min represents the minimum thickness at point y=y 1 ;
(T min +Td) represents the maximum thickness at point y=y 0 ;
It is a coefficient that regulates the shape of the thickness transition from T min to (T min +T d); And
y 0 and y 1 are some points on the y axis.
The present invention may also find application in the manufacture of toric multifocal lenses. Multifocal lenses without limitation include bifocals and progressive lenses. One type of bifocal lens has a rear surface with a toric optical zone and a front surface optical zone having either a progressive power profile from near power to far power, or in the opposite direction, or consisting of alternating concentric rings providing optical power for correction at near and far distances. The term "near correction power" refers to the amount of refractive power required to correct the lens wearer's near vision deficiencies to the required extent. The term “distance correction power” refers to the amount of refractive power required to correct the lens wearer's distance vision deficiencies to the desired extent.
As yet another embodiment of the present invention, the lenses of the present invention may also provide correction for higher order optical aberrations, take into account corneal topography, or both. Examples of such lenses are disclosed in US Patent Nos. 6,305,802 and 6,554,425, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
The lenses of the present invention may be made from any suitable contact lens material and are preferably made from one or more soft contact lens materials. Suitable materials for the manufacture of soft contact lenses include, but are not limited to, silicone elastomers, silicone-containing macromers, including but not limited to the materials described in US Pat. Nos. 5,371,147, 5,314,960, and 5,057,578, incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, hydrogels, silicone-containing hydrogels, etc. .d., as well as their combinations. More preferably, the lens surface is made of siloxane or contains siloxane functional groups, including, but not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane macromers, methand mixtures thereof, silicone hydrogels or a hydrogel such as etafilcon A.
The preferred contact lens material is poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate polymers, meaning polymers having a likely molecular weight in the range of about 25,000 to about 80,000 and a polydispersity in the range of less than about 1.5 to less than about 3.5, respectively, bearing at least one covalently linked functional group for cross-linking. This material is described in US Pat. No. 60/363,630, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. More preferably, the lens material of the present invention is one or both of the materials "galyfilcon A" and "senofilcon A".
Any lens material can be used to polymerize lens materials. convenient ways. For example, the lens material may be placed in a mold and polymerized using thermal, radiation, chemical, electromagnetic polymerization, etc., or a combination thereof. In preferred embodiments of contact lenses, polymerization is accomplished using ultraviolet light or full spectrum visible light. More specifically, the exact conditions for polymerization of the lens material depend on the material selected and the lens being manufactured. Processes consistent with the purposes of the present invention are described in US Pat. No. 5,540,410, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The contact lenses of the present invention may be manufactured by any of the conventional methods. One such method uses an OPTOFORMTM lathe with a VARIFORMTM attachment to produce injection mold liners. Mold inserts, in turn, are used to assemble the molds. Next, a suitable liquid resin is placed between the mold parts, compressed and polymerized to form the lenses of the present invention. One skilled in the art will recognize that a variety of known methods can be used to produce the lenses of the present invention.
CLAIM
1. Soft contact lens comprising a rear surface with a toric optical zone, wherein the area of said toric optical zone is equal to or greater than approximately 50% of the total area of the rear surface of the lens.
2. The lens of claim 1, the diameter of which is from about 13.5 mm to about 15.5 mm, and the size of the first diameter of the rear surface optical zone is in the range of from about 10 mm to 14 mm, and the size of the second diameter of the back optical zone is in the range of surface is in the range from approximately 8.5 mm to 12.5 mm.
3. The lens of claim 1, further comprising a transition curve between said toric optical zone and a non-optical rear surface zone.
4. The lens of claim 2, further comprising a transition curve between said toric optical zone and a non-optical rear surface zone.
5. The lens according to any one of claims 1-4, additionally containing the material “galyfilcon A”.
6. The lens according to any one of claims 1-4, additionally containing the material “senofilcon A”.
7. A method for reducing corneal staining, which comprises using a soft contact lens comprising a rear surface with a toric optical zone, wherein the area of said toric optical zone is equal to or greater than approximately 50% of the total rear surface area of the lens.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the soft contact lens contains "galyfilcon A" and/or "senofilcon A".
