Crossbills in the winter cold there is silence in the spruce forest. all living things hid from the bitter cold

Hunter's Stories: In the Winter Cold (story)

A cold, dim sun rises in the winter fog. The snowy forest sleeps. It seems that all living things have frozen in this cold - not a rustle, not a sound, only occasionally trees crack from the frost.

I go out into a forest clearing. Behind the clearing is a thick old spruce forest. All the trees are covered with large cones. There were so many cones that the ends of the branches bent under their weight.
How quiet! In winter you won't hear birds singing. Now they have no time for songs. Many flew south, and those that remained huddled in secluded corners, hiding from the bitter cold.
And suddenly, like a spring breeze, there was a rustle over the frozen forest: a whole flock of birds, cheerfully calling to each other, flew over the clearing. But these are crossbills - natural northerners! They are not afraid of our frosts.
A flock of crossbills clung to the tops of the fir trees. The birds grabbed the cones with their tenacious claws and hung upside down on them. Swinging on the cones, as if on a swing, they pulled out delicious seeds from under the scales with their crooked noses. When the cone harvest is good, these birds are not afraid of the lack of food in winter.
I stood in the clearing and admired how the crossbills were busy in their airy dining room.

The morning sun brightly illuminated the green tops of fir trees, clusters of ruddy cones and cheerful, feasting birds. And it seemed to me that spring had already come. Now the smell of melted earth will smell, the forest will come to life, and birds will chirp as they greet the sun.
While admiring the crossbills, I suddenly saw how one of them flew up to an old spruce tree and disappeared into the snow-covered branches, as if it had darted into a snow cave, and then I remembered one remarkable feature from the life of these birds, a feature that I could never believe. But now I have a chance to see for myself.
I sneakily approached that spruce tree and climbed up the trunk. Sharp needles scratched my face and arms, but I climbed higher and higher.
“The top is already close, but there’s nothing on the tree,” I thought with regret. “This is all just fiction.”
I began to descend and suddenly, right in front of me, I saw the very thing that I no longer expected to find: among the icy, snow-covered branches, a small nest was barely visible, and in it, as if in spring, fluffing up with concern, sat a greenish bird - a female crossbill.
With an awkward movement, I shook the branch. The frightened bird fluttered. I leaned over and almost screamed in amazement: newly hatched, completely naked chicks were swarming in the nest.
Snow-covered branches hung just above the nest. In the forest, the trees were cracking from the frost, but here, between the branches of the old spruce, it was as if spring had come: a caring mother was hatching her chicks.
I quickly got down from the tree so as not to disturb this amazing family. I easily jumped into the snow, looked around, and the winter forest no longer seemed to me, as before, gloomy and lifeless.
Standing under a tree, I rubbed my numb hands in woolen mittens, laughed at myself and thought with delight about the naked babies in the nest, who were not afraid of the winter cold.

2nd grade

DICTATION

Goal of the work– check the ability to apply the rules learned: spelling of voiced and voiceless consonants at the end of a word, unstressed vowels, a soft separating sign, the ability to transfer words.

Option 1

Bird food

There was a blizzard at night. Egor and Oleg go into the forest. They carry food for the birds. Angry hits you in the face s th wind. The boys laid them on the old stumps e on the. They hang on tree branches And or dry rowan.
A flock of syns flew up And c. And here comes the food!

Grammar tasks

1. From the fourth sentence, write down a word that cannot be transferred.

2. Underline words in the text with a separating soft sign.

Option 2

Winter

Winter came. Snow lies like a fluffy carpet on the fields and hills. The trees are quiet O. All the paths in the forest were covered with snow. You can only walk through the forest on skis. Hit And or severe frosts. The river is frozen. Guys With they made a big skating rink. It's always fun at the skating rink O.

Grammar task

1. Write out three words from the text with an unstressed vowel being tested at the root of the word. Write down the test words next to it.

CONTROL WRITTEN OFF

Goal of the work

Option 1

Glorious frost

The sun has set. The moon appeared in the blue sky, full, large, bright. The chain dog barked hoarsely. He turned around himself three times and lay down in his kennel. It was gloriously cold. The wind bit hard.
By morning, all the window glass was covered with a wonderful pattern of icy leaves. The weather was truly winter.

Option 2

Snow

Snowflakes fell from the sky onto the roofs of houses. Winter was coming. The water in the puddles froze. The ice crunched underfoot. The branches of the birch trees rang in the wind. Their tips were covered with ice. The sun came out. The snow became pure droplets of water. The droplets rolled to the ground like beads. Beautiful view from the ground.

I. Educational presentation of the issues

Incident at the skating rink

It was a frosty sunny day. The boys played snowballs by the river. The girls were making a snowman.
Vitya ran onto the ice on skates. The thin ice crackled. Vitya fell into the water and screamed.
Uncle Fyodor came running to the scream. He threw the boy a rope. Vitya grabbed it and climbed out of the water.

Read the text. Find words in the text that can answer the questions.

Questions

1. What day was it?
2. What did the boys do?
3. What did the girls do?
4. Where did Vitya run out on skates?
5. What happened to the thin ice?
6. What happened to Vitya?
7. Who came running to the cry?
8. What did he throw to the boy?
9. How did Vitya get out of the water?

Plan

1. What was the weather like?
2. Where did the children play?
3. What were they doing?
4. What happened to Vitya?
5. Who saved Vitya?

II. Finish text

Got scared

A rooster walked importantly around the yard. The warm sun warmed the yard. Drops of dew rolled off the leaves. The flowers raised their heads. The cat Vaska came out onto the porch. Suddenly the rooster began to cluck.

III. Compose and write a short story on a given topic

In the forest in winter

winter, snow, trees, ground, woodpecker, footprints

3rd grade

DICTATION

Goal of the work– test the ability to detect spelling in text, write words in the range of learned rules.

Option 1

in winter

The wind howled. In the evening the sky was overcast with heavy, low clouds. At night, bad weather began. We flew snowy flakes. Blizzard tracks. At ten o'clock we looked out of the window. Crow and hare tracks are visible in the snow. There was a giant snowdrift on the porch. You must walk carefully on slippery steps. The cornice is hung with dangerous icicles.

Grammar tasks

1. In the second sentence, underline the main parts of the sentence.

2. Disassemble the highlighted words according to their composition.

Option 2

Winter forest

Miracles e n Russian forest in winter! White fluffy snow hung on the tree branches. Cm O leafy cones decorate the tops of fir trees. Nimble tits squeak in the branches. Patterns of hare and fox tracks are visible on the snowdrifts.
Here is a squirrel running across the road. She jumped onto a pine tree and waved her tail. Light snow dust flew. The woodpecker knocked on the trunk with a hammer.

Grammar tasks

1. In the third sentence, underline the main parts of the sentence.

2. Find and write down two words that have only a root and a zero ending.

CONTROL WRITTEN OFF

Option 1

Copy the text. Find words in the text where the letter denoting an unpronounceable consonant is written. Underline this letter.

Autumn and winter

In late autumn, the weather in our area is often stormy. It’s as if autumn is grieving its loss to winter. Clouds are flying across the sky in clumps. It's raining. The sun looks like a soccer ball yellowed by rain. The trees sway and creak from the sharp gusts of the fierce wind.

Option 2

Snow pellets

It was the last days of late autumn. It rained all night, the wind roared and whistled. By morning it became sharply cold. I looked out the window. The clouds were flying low above the ground. Soon, prickly grains began to fall from them. She was hard as sand. It hit the glass sharply. A thick mound of snow quickly formed on the roof of our bathhouse. We wanted to go out onto the balcony, but we couldn’t open the door. The snow covered her. We walked along a narrow path to Aunt Zoya and took a shovel from her.

WORK ON A SENTENCE, TEXT

I. Working on the text

Change the text - write down a story not about a little kitten, but about a big fat cat. Determine which suffixes in words will help with this.

A small kitten is sitting by the porch. We named him Murzik. The kitten is gray, has a fluffy tail, and a white tie on its chest. The cat closed its eyes, arched its back, and moved its antennae. He hid his sharp claws in his paws and purred sweetly, amusing the little ones. We love to play with him.

II. Presentation of the text according to a collectively drawn up plan

Caring mother

A fox made its home under an old spruce tree. There were babies in the hole. Lisa was careful. Near the hole she meandered for a long time, confusing her tracks.
The foxes were very funny and very pliable. They kept trying to get out of the hole. The kids loved to play in the green meadow. Mother was returning. The foxes became quiet. The fox took each fox cub and dragged it into the hole.
Soon all the cubs were back in the hole. The mother calmed down.

Rough plan

1. A hole under a spruce tree.
2. Restless kids.
3. Everyone is at home.

Key words: arranged, close, confused, got out, became quiet, by the collar, soon, again, calmed down.

III. Composition

Select a title to which you can compose and write text.

Birds in the forest in winter.
Fairy forest.
Interesting in the forest in winter.

4th grade

DICTATION

Goal of the work– test the ability to detect spelling in the text, write words in the range of learned rules, put a comma when homogeneous members of a sentence.

Option 1

Snowflakes

They were born on a short autumn day. It was cloudy and boring on the ground. The cloud floated slowly. Snowflakes swirled in the air. In the whirlwind of the dance they flashed with amazing lights. Snowflakes flew over a grove, a field, a village. Where to stay for the night? The roof of the lonely hut was empty. The snow beauties decided to make a stop here. They decorated the path to the river, the top of an old spruce tree. They lay down on the meadow like a fluffy carpet. In the morning, the first traces of animals and birds appeared on the snow surface.

Words for reference: slow, stop, here.

Grammar tasks

1. In the last sentence, underline the main parts of the sentence.

2. Indicate the cases of all nouns in the tenth sentence. (They decorated the path...)

Option 2

Crossbills

In the winter cold there is silence in the spruce forest. Every living thing hid from the bitter cold.
Suddenly a whole flock of northern guests appeared. Crossbills flew noisily over the quiet clearing. Birds flocked to the top of the shaggy spruce. At the very top were clusters of pine cones. The birds began to carry tasty seeds with their tenacious claws.
Their homes are hidden between the branches of an old spruce tree. The chicks have already hatched there. Caring mothers feed them spruce porridge.
Why do crossbills winter in our area? They are warmer here than in the far North.

Grammar tasks

1. In the fourth sentence, underline the main parts of the sentence.

2. Indicate the cases of all nouns in the fifth sentence. (Birds surrounded...)

CONTROL WRITTEN OFF

Goal of the work– test the ability to copy text and detect spelling.

Option 1

Mishka's childhood

Mishka loved to go to the forest with his grandfather. Bear felt in the forest as if someone big and affectionate was hugging him. The oaks smiled good-naturedly. The aspens happily clapped their hands, greeting old acquaintances. Closer to autumn, thin and tenacious hands of blackberries with handfuls of ripe berries stuck out onto a narrow forest road: here, good people, help yourself! The boy noticed long ago that under his grandfather the forest became brighter and more joyful. And the grandfather walked and hummed a song.

Option 2

The spruce is beautiful in winter; heavy caps of pure snow hang on its spreading paw branches; the high peaks are decorated with garlands of spruce cones at the edge of the spruce forest; green young growth grows among people; spruce is especially loved on New Year's winter days; they arrange holiday trees for children; In freedom on winter starry and moonlit nights, the snow glistens on its branches; the tree seems fabulous in the moonlight.

WORK ON A SENTENCE, TEXT

I. Educational presentation

First steps

Early in the morning Marina woke up, looked out the window and gasped. The morning was sunny and frosty. The branchy trees were covered with shaggy frost. Such patterns are drawn by frost on the windows. The yard skating rink looked like a mirror saucer.
After breakfast, Marina threw on a down scarf, put on her white fur coat and ran out into the yard.
The brothers brought her brand new skates. Five minutes later, Marina was gliding on shiny, smooth ice. My legs were twisting. But the brothers took Marina by the arms.
A biting wind hit my face. It was breathtaking, but it was fun.

Add the missing points of the plan.

Plan

1. ...
2. Marina runs into the yard.
3. ...
4. Marina is having fun.

Tell the story according to plan. Prepare to record your presentation.

Words for reference: shaggy frost, shiny (ice), turned upside down, breathtaking.

Write down the presentation according to plan.

II. Composition

Will there be different essays?

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Crossbills

In the winter cold there is silence in the spruce forest. Every living thing hid from the bitter cold. Suddenly a whole flock of northern guests appeared. Crossbills flew noisily over the quiet clearing. Birds flocked to the top of the shaggy spruce. At the very top hung clusters of ruddy pine cones. The birds began to carry tasty seeds with their tenacious claws. Their homes are hidden between the branches of an old spruce tree. The chicks have already hatched there. Caring mothers feed them spruce porridge. Why do crossbills spend the winter in our area? They are warmer here than in the far north.

According to G. Skrebitsky

Witches brooms

The trees are bare. You will see this on them! You can't see this in the summer. The birches are all in rooks' nests. Come closer. And these are not nests at all! Some black lumps of thin rods. These are witches' brooms. Baba Yaga flies through the air in a mortar. The witch flies out of the chimney on a broom. So they spread this disease onto different trees. Ugly clumps of twigs appeared on the branches. They look like brooms. So say the storytellers. What is it really? These are sores on the branches from special mites or special fungi.

According to V. Bianchi

Book

The father brought his son a new book. The boy looked at the pictures for a long time. The artist painted trees, the sea, ships, animals.

Where did the book come from? Who came up with the miracle of miracles? The book's life begins in the forest. There is a long way from a tree to a book. People cut down trees and took them to the factory. The workers sawed them and cooked paper dough. Then the mass was rolled out into thin strips and rolled into rolls. The finished paper is sent to the book factory.

There are typesetting, printing and bookbinding shops there. From here the book goes to the library, the store, and then to the reader.

According to A. Barkov

Duckling

The duckling was lying on the muddy swamp water. The weakened neck was stretched out. His wings were outstretched. Only a tiny point of the black eye still glowed a little. I carefully picked up the duckling, put it in my cap and carried it home. There I lived a hare and a crow. At home, I wiped the swamp mud from the duckling’s head, neck and wings, put it on the table and prepared for the operation. The hare did not play pranks, but climbed into his corner and became quiet. The little crow carefully climbed onto the headboard and over my shoulder looked carefully and slightly timidly at the duckling, then at the bandages. I washed the duckling's wounds, straightened the broken wings, bandaged them and put him in a soft box. Will the duckling survive? And who hurt him like that? Hawk, fox or pike?

According to A. Onegov

Ptarmigan

In winter, in the snowy tundra, white partridges fall from the branches and burrow into the snow. They peck buds on trees, and look for frozen berries under the snow. This is where birds escape in a snowstorm. In winter, partridges are white and their eyebrows are red. In spring they put on festive attire. Warm winds will blow. The snow will begin to melt. Summer will come. In summer, partridges change their outfit again. You will not see this bird in the tundra until you approach it.

According to G. Snegirev

Bittern

The bittern is a nocturnal bird. At night she walks through the swamp, catching fish, frogs, water beetles, and during the day she stands on one leg in the reeds. During the day, the bittern is attacked by hawks, marsh harriers, and foxes. The bittern does not like to fly. She loves to hide in the reeds. You will notice a bittern among the reeds and approach it. But she won't fly. It will just press its feathers, stretch its neck and become skinny. You can pull the bittern's neck towards you. And when you let go, it will stretch out again. The bittern knows that it is like last year's brown reed.

According to G. Snegirev

Volcanoes

One of the largest volcanoes is Hekla. This Hekla has caused a lot of trouble. During its violent eruptions, the air for many kilometers in a circle becomes dark from thick rain and ash. One day, strong explosions tore off the top of the mountain. And Hekla became a little shorter. Along with fire and smoke, large stones flew out of the crater. Fiery lava melted ice and snow. Dirty streams of water rushed from the mountains, carrying stones and large boulders with them. The fiery lava fell into the river and instantly turned the water into steam. A dry riverbed remained. People often died during such eruptions.

According to M. Gumilevskaya

beauty

Man has always wanted to see beauty nearby. For a long time, the Russian people surrounded themselves with beauty. Here lies a simple peasant shirt. It is made of canvas. But what patterns are embroidered on it! They go along the collar, sleeves, hem. A wonderful design was applied to the fabric by the golden hands of craftswomen.

People decorated not only their clothes, but also their homes. Folk craftsmen carved thin lace from wood. Wood carvings were used to decorate window frames, porches, and roofs of houses.

According to A. Mityaev

cucumber

The guys helped their grandmother plant peas, carrots, and cabbage in the garden. It was interesting to watch how the plants grow and bloom. One day Natasha and her friends were watering cucumbers from a bottle. The girl was in a hurry and forgot the bottle in the garden. The bottle lay with its neck facing the golden flowers. The boys soon left for camp. We returned home in August. How many fruits are ripening in the garden! All the foliage was intertwined. Natasha saw a forgotten bottle. A cucumber settled in it. How did he fit into the narrow neck of the bottle? They picked it from the garden and placed it in the room. The sly man sits and doesn’t speak. Have you guessed it?

According to Ya. Pinyasov

How do fish winter?

Frost covered ponds, rivers, and lakes with a thick ice crust. Only in the ice hole is clear water visible. In deep silence, fish sleep on the river bottom. In the deepest places, a catfish lies in a hole. Wide flat bream lie in rows without the slightest movement. Carp find a soft hole and sleep in it as a herd. A cheerful, agile perch loves stones and trees that have fallen to the bottom. Perches fall asleep in such places throughout the winter. The toothy pike has trouble sleeping. The predator often swallows sleepy fish.

Starling

I had a very good starling. His name was Kolya. I looked after him, fed him, played with him, taught him to sing. The starling rejoiced at my arrival. He flew towards me, unbuttoned the buttons on my shirt, sang, and tugged my ear. Often the skvorushka sat on the bed and sang. I didn't get up. Then the prankster would jump onto the pillow, pinch his ear, and tug at the sheet. He knew the lunch time well and was the first to take his place next to mine. He ate with me from the same plate. I taught him to say his name. At the end of winter I moved him to a cage. He felt good in the cage, but he found it more interesting in the room. Soon the starling learned to open the cage and flew away.

Sunbathing snakes

One morning I went with a basket into the forest beyond the Volga. There are a lot of mushrooms there. Soon my basket was full of young boletuses and strong white ones. I was about to relax on the forest lawn, but I noticed a boletus drenched in the sun. I wanted to take a big mushroom and extended my hand. Suddenly, on a huge mushroom cap, I saw a gray forest viper. The snake chose a very good place for its sunbathing. The rays of the morning sun had not yet penetrated the thick grass. You could bask on the wide cap of the boletus, just like on a stone or sand.

According to M. Mikryukov

Fishing bear

Mikhailo Ivanovich sits up to his neck in water. Only a dry head sticks out of the water.

His head is huge, shaggy, with a wet beard. He will tilt it on one side, then on the other. You can see a bear in the water. The fur stuck to the body.

The bear's body seems huge. The bear was sitting and suddenly began to grab something in the water with its paws. He gets the fish. He bit the fish and sat on it. The second fish swims past. The bear caught her, bit her and also sits on her. And when he sat down, he stood up. The current pulled the first fish out from under him. How the bear barks! Lost fish. It is unclear to the poor fellow what is being done with his stock. Grabbed a new fish. The old one rolled out from under him again. Oh you! What a shame! The fish are getting lost! The bear is grumbling.

According to E. Charushin

Kangaroo

Kangaroo is a well-known animal. It can be seen both in the zoo and on the pages of children's books. He appears on Australian currency and postage stamps. In the depths of Australia there lives a giant red kangaroo, and in the forests you can see its gray brother. These are very large animals.

They reach a length of three meters. But they have a relative the size of a mouse.

Most often, kangaroos live in steppes and dense thickets. Kangaroos have poor eyesight. But nature took care of the animals. She did not leave the kangaroo defenseless. Their hearing is wonderful. They detect the slightest rustle and quickly rush away. The kangaroo constantly makes its way through the thickets of bushes and clings to it. The second and third toes on its hind leg have fused together to form a handle. She is very comfortable combing her fur. Baby kangaroos are born the size of a walnut. Months pass, and a funny face peeks out from the mother's bag. The cub begins to get acquainted with the world.

Flying foxes

A friend and I were visiting Australia and decided to get acquainted with a colony of flying foxes. These animals usually nest in secluded shady groves. The groves are far from human habitation.

We try to get through the mango thickets, walking through soft mud.

Angry mosquitoes buzz around us. They attack us mercilessly and are ready to eat uninvited guests. Hot air becomes heavier. We are getting closer to our goal. Even from afar we hear terrible screams, screams and piercing screeches. We are frozen in surprise.

The trees are completely covered with clusters of moving, flapping, screeching flying foxes. We will never forget this spectacle.

Hedgehog fish

This sedate fish lives among corals. She feeds on polyps. Often polyps peek out from their houses. The fish immediately grabs them. She has no teeth. The jaw bones have fused into a sharp beak. With such a strong beak it can gnaw snails. A hedgehog fish swims leisurely along the reef. She's in no hurry. There is a lot of food around, and she is not afraid of enemies. This fish is not even afraid of sharks. The hedgehog fish in its belly will swell, and the sharp spines will pierce the shark's stomach. But usually the hedgehog fish defends itself in advance. It sees a predator, starts to swallow water and swells. Now this fish looks like a ball. But now the danger has passed. The cunning fish releases water with a funny grunt. Everything would be fine, but the fish-urchin is pestered by the fish-fly. The fish-fly with good intentions is disturbing. She catches crustaceans and lightly bites the hedgehog fish. Crustaceans are hidden between the spines on the back of the hedgehog fish. Wherever the hedgehog fish hides! But the annoying fly fish finds her everywhere.

Strange creature

What is this strange creature? The head is like a horse, the tail is like a monkey and is covered with a shell. This is a seahorse. The seahorse carries the cubs in a bag. The seahorse lives in warm tropical seas. Here he is slowly moving vertically in clear water. This strange fish has almost no enemies. Seahorses range from two to thirty centimeters in length. Their flexible tail is more than half the length of their body. How a horse uses it as an anchor. The fish clings to the algae and freezes. But the horse does not sleep, but stalks its prey. Woe to the shrimp and various small sea creatures when approaching a pipit frozen in the sea grass.

Little defender

We all know about the mongoose from Kipling's fairy tale. This adorable, dexterous animal with a narrow, curious muzzle and a bushy tail saved an entire family in India from vipers. But some birds can also protect humans from snakes.

A poisonous snake crawls up to a child who has fallen asleep by the fence. Suddenly a small bird rushes towards the snake. She fluffed her feathers and lowered her head. The bird looks like a cuckoo. The snake stops and then lunges forward. The bird jumps to the side, and then hits the snake with its strong beak. The boy wakes up and sees a huge dead snake. And next to her, his little protector is breathing heavily.

This brave bird lives in Mexico and is called the roadrunner.

Goldfinch

The goldfinch is one of our most beautiful songbirds. This little bird can be proud of its bright, festive plumage. In spring he is extremely careful. Therefore, it is quite difficult to see it among the branches and leaves. He gives himself away only with ringing trills. The goldfinch builds a nest on a plum, apple, maple or poplar tree. He lines his house with pieces of moss. down, needles and scraps of birch bark. The nest is very well camouflaged. It is not easy to detect.

The goldfinch feeds its chicks with insects and softened seeds. Here are young goldfinches flying out of their nests. Goldfinches gather in flocks and roam in the surrounding area. Goldfinches flock to thistles and other weeds to husk the seeds. Birds love to eat alder and birch seeds.

Jackdaw

Flocks of rather large black-gray birds like to settle in large parks, alleys, and in the centers of large cities. These are jackdaws. At the end of April, jackdaws break dry twigs to build nests. They make nests in tree hollows and holes under the roofs of houses. Jackdaws insulate their homes with straw, feathers and wool. These birds feed their chicks with worms, beetles and even frogs. After a month, young jackdaws leave the nest and after a few days they are already flying around the surrounding area.

Adult birds love to eat plants. Jackdaws can fly into a cherry orchard and completely eat the entire crop.

Galchat are easily tamed. They imitate voices well and can even learn to say words. But for this you need to specifically deal with them.

Silver tail

All night the wind whistled and howled in the mountains. Early in the morning winter descended from the mountains. The sun appeared.

I walked slowly along the path. A fox was running along the river bank. She slid on the hard crust and sank into the soft snow. The fox had an amazing tail. It glowed silver.

I followed the fox's trail. Here she jumped over a stream and fell into the water. The tail is wet and fluffy. Now every hair was covered with an icy cover. The winter sorceress cleverly deceived me. She showed me a beast with a fairy tail.

According to N. Sladkov

Himalayan bear

The Himalayan bear lives in the mountain forests of Asia. He is all black, and has a white triangle on his chest. The triangle looks like a napkin. The Himalayan bear has very long legs. He climbs trees quickly. The bear loves wild apples, berries, and nuts. The bear will climb the bird cherry tree, break the branches and eat the berries from them. In winter he sleeps in the hollow of a large tree. There are interesting cases. They cut down a huge cedar tree in the taiga, bring it to the village, and a bear crawls out of the empty trunk inside.

According to G. Snegirev

Porcupine

The porcupine is both an ugly and scary animal. That's why it's called that. Porcupines love to wander around at night and rattle their quills. Its needles are long, thick, with sharp ends. They are almost the only weapon of the porcupine. His teeth can easily chew through wire mesh. The needles are held on a special muscle and are easily separated from it. Therefore, the porcupine can throw quills at its opponent. Although more often he runs up and sticks needles into the enemy with his backside.

Porcupine is stubborn. He doesn't even give way to a car. He stands on the road, stomps his short hind legs and grunts angrily. Don't come closer, otherwise I'll stab you! It bristles with needles and rattles them frighteningly.

In the summer, a female porcupine gives birth to five cubs. The cubs will be born with their eyes open, their incisors ready to gnaw, and their quills ready to gnaw. The needles are still soft, but they grow stronger faster than the animals themselves. Mother is not very sensitive. Can the children feed themselves? The mother immediately leaves them.

Porcupine meat is very tasty. The Romans valued him very much. And rich Roman ladies stuck gilded needles into their hair.

Marmot

The marmot is a fat man with short legs. In winter, marmots hibernate. The construction of winter shelters is very interesting.

Before us, the marmot’s home appears as a round hole and a strong hill of soil nearby. This is called butane. Like a rubble near a village house. Here you can relax and chat with your neighbor. Marmots are very sociable and often like to visit. On butane you can frolic, hug each other, sit with friends, sleep in the sun.

The hole in the ground continues the long corridor. You'll go left. There is a chamber for garbage and faded wool. You'll go right. And here is the collective bedroom. In winter, marmots all sleep together. There is silence in the bedroom. The animals hid for the winter and sealed the entrance holes well.

Shakers

Dry pears hang in a dark niche in the rock. They hang on the ceiling, like on the branches of a pear tree. The pears turned into dry leaves. Isn't it possible that the inhabitant of the rocks dries pears for himself in reserve? I wanted to touch them, take a good look at them in the light, and extended my hand. Suddenly the pears began to tremble with fear. The pears twitch and shake. I stand and tremble. Pears are afraid of me, and I am afraid of pears. Then I looked closely and saw these objects. There are no pears hanging on the ceiling. These are bats. And they turned not into dry leaves, but into their leathery wings. My fear immediately went away. After all, the mice are trembling. Mice are not pears. But here's what's surprising. They tremble, but others are afraid. Their trembling drives others into fear. Mountain dwellers call these bats shakers. Very accurate!

According to N. Sladkov

Chinchilla

The chinchilla is a small gray rodent. Nature has rewarded the chinchilla with silver fur with a pearlescent tint. This fur made the animal famous throughout the world. Its amazing fur is very durable, durable, soft and light. It is slightly heavier than thick silk. Chinchilla fur coats are very beautiful. But for each fur coat you need three hundred animal skins.

Chinchillas used to thrive in Peru, the Andes and Chile. Chinchillas were very trusting. On the streets they scurried under the feet of passers-by. There could be thousands of them in a day! Now these are rare animals. Chinchillas keep their coats clean. To do this, they bathe in volcanic ash every day.

Sly rat

I was lying on the stove and suddenly I heard stomping. A rat appeared. I froze. There was a bottle of ghee on the floor. The rat examined her carefully. I was calm. The rat will not be able to pour out the oil. After all, for this it needs to be melted. The Rat didn't think so. She examined the bottle, threw it on the floor and pulled out the paper cap with her teeth. Then she squeezed the tail into the narrow neck and dipped it in the oil. Then she pulled it out and licked it. This happened several times. Finally the thief had enough and left. Soon she appeared again and brought the whole family with her. The older rat approached the bottle, stuck its tail in it, licked it and stepped aside. The rats repeated the operation. Soon the whole family was licking the tasty tails in unison.

Bullfinch

In late autumn, winter feathered guests arrive to us.

Bullfinches are very beautiful in their red outfits. Bullfinches are knights. Even hungry bullfinches will always give up the best rowan bunches to the females. The flock calmly processes the tree and flies to the next one. The flock does this at the command of the leader. He slightly raises his wings and shows everyone a white spot on his lower back.

The bullfinch flies easily and beautifully. In severe frosts, the flock rarely moves. And even then only for a berry or a bud. There are usually ten birds in a flock.

Woodpecker

The whole life of a woodpecker is connected with the forest and trees. He comes down to the ground very rarely. A woodpecker can feed itself on trees and build a nest. The fingers of this bird are equipped with sharp claws. The claws easily cling to the bark. The woodpecker hangs on its two front fingers. The feathers on his tail are hard and durable. The woodpecker's tongue is long and flexible. The tongue ends with a sharp horny tip. The woodpecker inserts its sticky tongue with hard spines into narrow crevices and extracts prey from there. Woodpeckers feed on insects, larvae, and seeds. The woodpecker has his own forge. This is a cleft in the tree. He goes there to crush cones.

Two-headed snakes

In nature, it is not so rare to find snakes with two heads. In water snakes, every fiftieth baby has two heads. But such snakes do not live long.

A two-headed snake was caught near the city of Tashkent. The scientists who studied it made a number of interesting observations. The snake could not crawl into the narrow hole so easily. To do this, his heads were pressed closely together. Heads often clashed. The prey fell more often to the right head.

A poisonous sand snake lived for several years in a snake nursery in Africa. She also had two heads. Heads also often quarreled. Then, during feeding, each of them was given a frog at the same time. One day, one of the heads even swallowed the other. But scientists saved the head and brought it back to life.

Snake charmers

The caster squatted down near the basket and removed the lid from it. Everyone saw a spectacled snake curled up in rings. The caster took out something like a pipe and began to play a sad melody. The snake became worried, began to sway, expanded its shield and hissed angrily. She wanted to rush at the caster, but under the gaze of the caster he hesitantly stopped.

But snakes hear almost no sounds. Music cannot influence them. A cobra can still bite. Therefore, charmers avoid making sudden movements and wean the snake from biting. To do this, she is forced to bite very hot objects.

Flying snake

In China and Indonesia, snakes often live on palm trees. For what? Each type of palm tree is home to insects and lizards. With the desire to eat them, tree snakes crawl onto the palm tree. Snakes are thin in body. They have graceful, big-eyed heads. The scales play bright colors in the sun. The snake easily crawls onto a palm tree and lives there for several months. But now the food supplies on this tree are running out. The snake ate everyone. She cannot climb down the smooth trunk of a palm tree. What should I do? Don't wait for starvation! And the snake jumps down from a height of twenty meters. Coiled like a spring, it quickly straightens the rear end of its body and throws itself to the ground. In flight, she tenses up, stretches out with a stick and sucks in her stomach. A shallow groove appears on it. It slows down the rate of fall. The snake lands safely.

Attention! This is an introductory fragment of the book.

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Program "Harmony" Dictation Autumn time. Mushrooms grow along the edges. Among the withered grass, boletuses turn red. Along the edge of the spruce forest you can find slippery milk mushrooms and fragrant saffron milk caps. Old stumps are covered with honey fungus. Mossy bogs are strewn with ruddy cranberries. Bunches of rowan berries are burning in the clearing. The sky is high and transparent. Every blade of grass is visible at the bottom of the stream. There is peace and quiet in the forest. Words for reference: in the clearing, strewn, peace. Grammar task: Find the grammatical basis in the ninth sentence, indicate the parts of speech. Disassemble the words according to their composition: stepped, boletus, blade of grass. Phonetic analysis of the word grapes. Program “Harmony” Dictation The cranes fly away In the autumn days, the cranes were preparing to fly away. They circled over the river and over their native swamp. Cranes were flying high in the sky. In a deep forest on the edge of a lake, birds stopped to rest. The forest is dark and gloomy at this time. It’s still dark, but the sensitive cranes have already woken up. An early dawn appeared in the east. The cheerful sun will soon rise over the river. Everything will sparkle and shine with the bright colors of autumn. See you in the spring! Grammar tasks In the second sentence, emphasize the grammatical basis, show the connection of words in the sentence. Determine the case of nouns. Cranes were flying high in the sky. An early dawn appeared in the east. Write out two phrases from the text, a noun and an adjective. Indicate the number, gender and case of the adjective. In the first sentence, find the word for departure and parse it as a part of speech, morphological analysis. Program "Harmony" Dictation Autumn walk. A group of schoolchildren went to the autumn park. All the trees have already shed their golden leaves. The guys walked along a forest path into a clearing. A fluffy spruce forest grows all around. A pure spring flows from the earth. The guys collected twigs and branches. The boys lit a cheerful fire on the bank of the river. It was very quiet in the forest. The children sat around the fire. Seryozha filled the kettle with water. Anna and Natalya treated the children to cookies. On the way home everyone sang songs. The joyful guys returned home. In the third sentence, underline the grammatical basis and write down the phrases. Extract the word joyful from the last sentence and analyze it morphologically as a part of speech. Sort out the words according to their composition: autumn, walked, along the path. Program “Harmony” Dictation Crossbills In the winter cold there is silence in the spruce forest. Every living thing hid from the bitter cold. Suddenly a whole flock of northern guests appeared. Crossbills flew noisily over the quiet clearing. Birds flocked to the top of the shaggy spruce. At the very top hung clusters of ruddy pine cones. The birds began to carry tasty seeds with their tenacious claws. Their homes are hidden between the branches of an old spruce tree. The chicks have already hatched there. Caring mothers feed them spruce porridge. Why do crossbills winter in our area? They are warmer here than in the far North. Underline the adjectives with a wavy line, highlight the endings, determine the number, gender and case. In the first and second sentences, determine the declension and case of the nouns. Do a phonetic analysis of the word ate. Program "Harmony" Dictation Winter Forest. How wonderful the winter forest is! After the snowstorm, the forest stood like in a fairy tale. The spruce was in coniferous chain mail. There is a snow cap on the top of the pine tree. At the birch tree, the blizzard silvered the flexible branches with frost. Red bunches of mountain ash are visible from afar. There are so many footprints in the clearing near the path! Here the hare was cunning, meandering, listening to the sounds of the winter night. A fox ran in search of prey. A lynx was hiding at the top of a spruce tree. And life glimmered under the snowdrift. You rake the snow to the ground, and there are lingonberry and blueberry bushes. Determine the case and declension of nouns: in chain mail, at the path, at the top. Parse the sentence by members of the sentence, write down phrases. A lynx was hiding at the top of a spruce tree. Parse the words according to their composition: birch, winter, ran. Program “Harmony” Dictation Spring morning How nice a spring morning! The sun appeared from behind the blue strip of forest. The tops of giant pines turn red in its rays. The fog swirls above the river like a golden haze. Now the fog disappears in the transparent air and reveals the blue surface of the river. In the mirror surface of the river you see the blue sky and clouds. Dew sparkles on the bright greenery. A light breeze sways the willow catkins. A blackbird on the top of a spruce whistles a song. And in response to him there was amazing silence. Disassemble by composition the verb whistles. Find verbs of II conjugation and highlight the endings in them. Form from the verb shakes the feminine verb in the past tense. Program "Harmony" Dictation Teddy Bear. Hunters were once kicked out of their den
bear And in the den someone is screaming. Gennady Grigorievich pulled the bear cub out of the den. He carried the baby in a jacket to the village. The little bear turned out to be very curious. There were flowers on the window. The baby caught it with his claws and pulled the pot with his teeth. He swayed and fell. The flower turned out to be sour and juicy. A thick and delicious worm crawled out of a pile of earth. The worm was also delicious. The hunter shook his finger at the baby. The little bear hid behind the stove and grumbled. Underline the homogeneous parts of the sentence. Sort out the words according to their composition: kicked out, sour, threatened. Write out the word hidden from the last sentence and analyze it as a part of speech morphological analysis. Program “Harmony” Dictation Chase At the forest edge there were nuts left on a tree from the fall. Now they hang down in large clusters. Two nimble squirrels began to appear often around them. One day our cat saw them. He meowed, hissed and rushed at the animals. The squirrels jumped onto the fence and ran along it towards the trees. Light squirrels deftly jump along the fence one after another, and a cat chases after them. But then the squirrels flew up to the white-trunked birch tree and quickly ran along the trunk. The cat snorted angrily and trudged off. Savonenkova 80 words Grammar tasks. In the first and last sentences, mark the main terms. Write out phrases from the last sentence, show main and dependent words, write questions. Above the dependents, indicate the part of speech. Above the nouns of the first sentence, indicate the declension, and above the word chases, indicate the conjugation. They jumped over the verb to write its indefinite form. Find a complex word in the last sentence and show its structure. Program “Harmony” Dictation Forest The Russian forest is good in early spring. The flexible branches of birches are densely covered with resinous buds. Young aspen trees lined up at the edge of the forest. The breeze runs from the birch tree to the aspen tree. The tops of the pine trees bathe in the high sky. Birds flew up to the old spruce tree. Light seeds flew from the ripe cones. The air smells of resin. There is a willow tree by the stream. Bees are buzzing above her golden fluff. An old stump is overgrown with soft moss. There is an oak tree in the clearing. Soon everything will turn green and bloom. Forest is the wealth of our country. Sort out the words according to their composition: flexible, birches, will bloom. Perform a morphological analysis of the noun in the spring from the first sentence. Write out the 3rd sentence, underline the parts of the sentence. Indicate the declension and case of nouns. The gentle sun warms the earth with its warmth. Early in the morning you run to a nearby grove. In the shady coolness you see a rare miracle. In the greenery of the tall grass, a lovely flower blooms white. Pearls hang on a thin stem. At the bottom they look like tiny bells. In the upper part, the still closed flowers resemble bells. Wide leaves, like palms, protect the fragile stem. Can you hear the bells of spring ringing? You inhale the subtle scent of a delicate flower. A wonderful gift from the Russian forest! Can you guess what plant we are talking about? Spring gave us lily of the valley. Don’t ruin the wondrous beauty of the forest clearing! Words for reference: like pearls, below. Parse the sentence into sentence parts, indicate the parts of speech. Disassemble the words according to their composition: Running, shady, gift, gave. In the first sentence, determine the case of nouns. Indicate the tense and conjugation of the verb in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th sentences.

When writing Control dictations 4th grade 1st quarter materials from the book were used: E. A. Nefedova, O. V. Uzorova. “500 control dictations in the Russian language. 1–4 grades"

1 quarter

Teddy Bear

The captain brought a little bear cub from the forest to the outpost. At the outpost they were delighted with the baby.
One day a bear cub was lying in the sun near a rubble. Mike's cow approached him. The bear jumped up, bristled, and raised his paw. Suddenly he felt a warm milky smell and ran up to the cow. Since then, every morning the bear cub ran after Mikey and grabbed her legs. The little bear did not retreat until there was warm fresh milk in his bowl.

(70 words) (according to V. Korzhikov)

Grammar tasks

1. Parse the last sentence into sentence parts, indicate parts of speech, write down phrases.
2. Find nouns in the first sentence of the second paragraph; indicate their declension and case. Select endings.

Enemies of snakes

Even a giant snake has enemies. There lives such an eagle - a snake eagle. He only eats snakes. Three hundred snakes eat his chick. The mongoose deftly destroys snakes. He can even handle a cobra. It is specially kept in the place where snakes crawl into houses. Vipers are attacked by hedgehogs. Hedgehogs defend themselves in the fight with thorns. Sea snakes are attacked by predatory fish. Snakes also die in large numbers in fires. Among the snakes there are many rare ones. Many species are recorded in the Red Book.

Grammar tasks

1. From the dictation, write down one singular noun in the genitive, instrumental and prepositional cases.
2. Write out three words from the dictation with the unstressed vowel being tested at the root. Write test words.
3. Write out one word from the dictation with b. Write two more words using the same spelling.

Crossbills

In the winter cold there is silence in the spruce forest. Every living thing hid from the bitter cold. Suddenly a whole flock of northern guests appeared. Crossbills flew noisily over the quiet clearing. Birds clustered around the top of the tree. At the very top hung clusters of delicious pine cones. The birds began to carry tasty seeds with their tenacious claws. Their homes are hidden between the branches of the tree. The chicks have already hatched there. Caring mothers feed them spruce porridge. Why do crossbills spend the winter in our region? They are warmer here than in the far north.

(76 words) (according to G. Skrebitsky)

Grammar tasks

1. Write out three words from the dictation with b - an indicator of softness. Write two more words using the same spelling.
2. Write out one masculine and feminine adjective from the dictation.

Book

The father brought his son a new book. The boy looked at the beautiful pictures for a long time. The artist painted the sea and ships.
Where did the book come from? Who came up with the miracle of miracles? The book's life begins in the forest. There is a long way from a tree to a book. People cut down trees and took them to the factory. The workers sawed them and cooked paper dough. This mass was rolled into thin strips and rolled into rolls. The finished paper is sent to the book factory.
There are typesetting, printing and bookbinding shops there. From here the book goes to the library or store.

(76 words) (according to A. Barkov)

Grammar tasks

1. Find nouns in the first paragraph; indicate their declension and case. Select endings.
2. Write out a sentence from the dictation without conjunctions with homogeneous predicates.
3. Write out one word from the dictation with a double consonant. Write two more words using the same spelling.

Gaga

Eider lives in the north by the sea. She builds her nest out of fluff. The bird plucks the fluff from its chest. Then the eider fastens it with sticks and moss. Now the wind won't blow the fluff away. The nest stands on the ground between the stems of a low bush. The bush protects the nest from the wind. Chicks emerged from the eggs. The mother immediately takes them to the sea and abandons the nest. From rain and snow, the fluff curls into a ball. This nest is no longer suitable for next year. Local residents collect such nests without any harm to eiders.

Grammar tasks

1. Write out one word from the dictation with a paired consonant in a weak position. Write test words.
2. Underline among the words FIRE, GAIT, QUALIFICATION that fits the scheme: prefix, root, suffix, ending.
3. Write out two words from the dictation of the following composition: root, suffix, ending.

Penguin Kindergarten

Five weeks have passed since the birth of the little penguin. The baby steps his paws on the snow and goes to kindergarten. The little penguin's peers are already standing there. They gather in a tight crowd and warm each other's sides. Such gatherings are called kindergartens. Adult penguins protect them from petrels. Parents come and, in a shout and commotion, find their children among thousands of strangers. They feed only their chicks. The most voracious ones swallow six kilograms of fish at a time. In the summer, graduates of penguin kindergartens go to sea for practice.

Grammar tasks

1. Write the word PENGUIN in the accusative and instrumental cases.
2. Disassemble the word CHILDREN according to its composition. Write two more words of the same composition.
3. Write out three words from the dictation with an unpronounceable consonant. Write test words. Write two more words using the same spelling.

Puss in Boots

Border guards go on patrol with service dogs. And at our outpost the cat began to go on patrol. One day one of the soldiers brought a kitten to the outpost. The kitten turned out to be very capable. Soldiers are standing on the line. The cat is with them on the left flank. The soldiers go on patrol. The cat goes after them. Every rustle makes the cat’s fur stand on end. One winter, the cat went to fast and his paws froze. The border guards decided to put shoes on the cat. But you can't buy shoes for a cat. Then they sewed fur pimas for the fluffy border guard. So a cat in boots appeared at the outpost.

Grammar tasks

1. Find nouns in the first sentence; indicate their declension and case. Select endings.
2. Write out a sentence from the dictation with a conjunction with homogeneous predicates.
3. From the dictation, write down three words with the same root for the word CAT.

Sharks

There are many types of sharks. They vary in size and appearance. The length of the giant whale shark is fifteen meters, and the spiny shark is only twenty centimeters.
Can a shark attack a person? There are such types. Among them are white and tiger sharks. But they do not attack humans as a means of nutrition. Sharks eat fish, turtles, dolphins and birds. The whale shark feeds on small fish and tiny crustaceans. Sharks feel constant hunger and eat even inedible objects. Pieces of tires and tin cans were found in the stomachs of sharks. An angry shark can destroy a boat and attack a person.

Grammar tasks

1. Find the nouns in the last sentence; indicate their declension and case. Select endings.
2. Write out one word from the dictation with an unpronounceable consonant. Write a test word. Write two more words using the same spelling.
3. Write out from the dictation a sentence with a conjunction with homogeneous secondary members.