Drawing a train. How to Draw a Train in Perspective

Complexity:(3 out of 5).

Age: from three years old.

Materials: a sheet of thick paper, wax crayons, a simple pencil (just in case), an eraser, watercolors, a palette with indentations for water, a large brush.

Purpose of the lesson: classes: we go through or consolidate knowledge about the shape - square, rectangle (cars), circle (wheels).

Progress: the child draws a rectangle (locomotive), squares (cars), and a straight line under the locomotive (rails). Tints the leaf blue (sky) and green (grass).

We place the sheet horizontally, this means with the long side facing you. We draw rectangles and squares, arranging them so that we get a train. Let the child use a simple pencil to draw, and an eraser if something doesn’t work out. We draw round wheels and rails under them.

We color the resulting train with wax crayons. We try not to go beyond the edges of the drawing and not leave gaps in the paper. The color should be even and bright. The child should feel the force of pressing on the wax crayon. If you press weakly, the drawing will not be bright, but if you press too hard, the crayon may break.

We dilute the paint with plenty of water in the palette. This is important, then the paint will roll off the drawing, which is drawn with wax crayons. Let's take blue and green. Blue for the sky. Green for grass. We take a large brush and, moving from left to right and from top to bottom, paint the sky up to the rails, then the grass.

Consider the locomotive, approximately estimate the ratio of length and maximum height. Mentally draw a vertical line through the highest point and see where it intersects the horizontal line you drew. Put this ratio on paper. On a vertical line, mark the height of small and large wheels, cabin, windows, doors, roof, pipes. Draw thin horizontal lines through all the marks.

It is convenient to have two simple pencils on hand - 2T or T and 2M.

The largest parts

You should always have an eraser handy, but try to draw lines so that they can later be hidden under the hatching.

Protruding parts

Outline the details with a softer pencil. Refine the side lines, draw the details that are on them - for example, the hitch. If you want to add carriages to the train, draw several long rectangles. The roofs of the trailers can be straight or convex.

General form

If you are going to color your locomotive, remove the extra lines and leave only the main outlines. If you want to get it, shade your locomotive. Pay attention to how the strokes should be placed. On a rectangular piece located directly in front of the viewer, they lie strictly vertically or horizontally.

If the part is at an angle, the strokes are applied parallel to the lower and upper horizontal lines. They can also be vertical, but then in that part of the surface that is further from the viewer, the shading becomes thicker. The round shape is also conveyed by strokes. For example, on a cylinder, the lines run vertically, with the thickest shading located along the edges.

People have been asking me to draw a train for a long time, but it turned out that it is not so easy. Do you know why? Because I - like most people - tried to draw a steam locomotive with one large wheel and several small ones, as in “The Little Engine from Romashkovo”:

...but in fact it turned out that there are only one or two such locomotives all over the world. It’s easier to draw and looks more like a real locomotive with all the same wheels. Like the one on the sign:

And it turns out (which is typical!) even prettier. Okay, you and I are chatting, it’s time to take up the markers, stretch your fingers.

Let's draw three wheels that look like donuts - plump and with a tiny little circle in the middle. Side by side, almost close to each other.

Let's make a cart out of wheels. The top line goes almost immediately above the wheels, and on the sides it protrudes by about half a wheel.

Steam boiler. Please note: it is approximately equal in height to a “cart” with wheels. The right edge of the boiler goes exactly above the edge of the right wheel.

Let's draw the cabin. Does it turn out crooked? Soooo, let's explain in more detail. Our cabin is twice as high as the steam boiler. It looks like it consists of two squares. On the right, the cabin “hangs” a little (don’t worry, this won’t cause the locomotive to tip over). The bottom edge of the “cutout”...

...together with the lower edge of the window it is in line with the steam boiler. Now it worked? So that's great.

To prevent the locomotive from frightening passers-by with its square face, we will make the nose more rounded.

But this triangular thing is called a “blizzard”. The snowstorm is not needed for beauty, but to throw everything extraneous out of the way. It is also called “cow catcher”, I won’t go into dramatic details of the origin of the name, you can figure it out for yourself. By the way, you have seen a similar device a hundred times on jeeps. Many years ago it was very popular in Australia, which is where the name “kanguryatnik” (in English - roo bar) came from.

Without a chimney, the locomotive is clearly uncomfortable. Let's draw it exactly above the wheel. The shape of the pipe can be any, from triangular to eight-pointed, at your choice. The main thing is that the pipe is higher than the cabin, otherwise the driver risks getting smoked.

Let's draw such a pumpkin above the second wheel. Do you know what this is? As it turned out, there can be several of these things on a locomotive: the words “suction tank” and “nutrition cap” are unlikely to tell you anything, but they also put there, imagine, a SANDBOX. If the wheels slide on the rails (in the rain or on an incline), sand is poured onto the rails directly in front of the wheels through a special tube. By the way, the same sandboxes are located in all trams.

In order not to go astray at night, we will attach a spotlight to the locomotive. Although on the rails it’s probably hard to take a wrong turn.

The locomotive itself is ready! But the locomotives need to be fed with something, so we will need a tender - a special car with coal. Drawing the body...

... and the same wheels as those of a steam locomotive. Let's draw a hitch.

It often happens that my children and I find ourselves somewhere boring, and, as luck would have it, there is nothing to do: no book, no ball, no toys. But there is a notebook and pencils or an ordinary ballpoint pen. Or maybe this is enough for games?

So what can you do with a piece of paper?

You can make airplanes out of paper and fly them - even while sitting in line at the clinic! And even in a train carriage! (Agree, this is much better than calming down fights and whims and listening to continuous whining.)

You can also fold the boats and play with them. For example, place boats on the table and blow on them. You can fold a sheet of paper like an accordion and make a fan - many children like to neatly fold the paper and color their homemade fans.

You can also fold the paper several times and cut out an openwork snowflake. Thick paper makes excellent funnels for pouring sand or grains, and if you roll up a sheet and glue a pipe out of it, you can make a spyglass and even binoculars for the game.

What else can you play on a piece of paper?

Halves. Each player conceives a picture, but does not draw the whole thing, but only half. Then the players exchange sheets and finish drawing. Sometimes you get very funny pictures, for example, one wanted to draw glasses, and on his sheet there were two circles, and cherries or car wheels were created from them.

Additional drawings. Everyone draws some kind of squiggle on a sheet of paper, then everyone exchanges sheets of paper and completes the picture with a different color so that they get something meaningful.

Searching for treasure using an apartment map. For this game you will need to draw a plan or map of your apartment or yard. After this, you can start the game itself. Let us mark on the map the place where the treasure is hidden, and the place where we are standing, and we can begin the search! Children are very interested in these types of games!

Searching for treasure using a series of notes. And for those who are just learning to read, you can organize a treasure hunt - for example, beautifully wrapped nuts or raisins - using notes. The notes may say: “on the table”, “in the kitchen on a stool”, “in mom’s shoe”, “in the doll’s stroller”.

Frame. Tell your child that previously people did not write down all the letters of a word, but only the consonants, and there are still languages ​​in which the consonants are written, and the vowels are sometimes written on top, and sometimes they are completely omitted. Try to think of how many ways the word BR could be read if only consonants were written in Russian. (Bor, drill, bar, ubor, storm, sconce, Borya, bureau.) And then try to take any other frame - and come up with different words in turn, where these consonants occur in exactly this sequence.

You can add letters to the frame in the front, back, or in the middle.

For example, frame - SL:

• Word
• Dictionary
• Condition
• Village
• Ambassador
• Firework
• Footprints

The frame can also consist of vowels, for example OOO:

• Milk
• Hammer
• Gold
• Tin
• Kingdom
• Ham
• Powder
• Town
• KOROMISLO
• KoloVorot
• Caution

Compositor. This game can be played with the whole family, with friends, in the classroom. We choose a long word, write it on top of each piece of paper, and then use the letters of this word to make short words. It is more convenient to write words in columns - 4 letters, 5 letters, 6 letters, 7 or more. As a rule, they play for a time - 10 or 15 minutes. After the game, everyone reads out their list of resulting words.

There are several scoring options. You can cross out all words that appear in more than one word. Or you can consider it even more cunning: if all the players have written a word in their lists, then this entire word is crossed out, if the word is found in all but one, then index 1, if in all but two, then index 2, and then multiply the number letters to the index of the word - and get the sums. In this way, both those who come up with few rare words and those who write many common words are taken into account.

For example, take the word "Chamomile".

We will write out, as in other word games, only nouns in the nominative case, in the singular, and we will agree that we do not take words of 2-3 letters (in the example, of course, not all words are written out - this is rather just an example of a convenient notation games).

So, CHAMOMILE...

Tic-tac-toe. A classic game, which, however, not everyone knows anymore. The simplest tic-tac-toe is on a three by three square field. But a more complex option is on a large sheet of paper in a box where you need to put 5 crosses or 5 zeros in a row, vertically, horizontally or diagonally. If the enemy has placed three crosses in a row, then it is time to “close” this row with his zero from any side.

Cities. This game is good even without paper, by ear: one says “Moscow”, the second comes up with a city or country whose name begins with the last letter of the previous word. For example, Moscow - Ashgabat - Denmark - Japan - Jamaica... Similarly, you can play just words, and not just cities. At the same time, it will be easier for children to remember the spelling of words - especially if you have a good laugh at such curiosities:

- Listen carefully, what letter does the word “window” end with?
- Starting with the letter "O"! I'll think of it now. "Odmeral"!
- Borechka, "admiral"!
- Well, then "okodemek"!

Sea battle. This game helps children understand vertical and horizontal coordinates, and also teaches them to think and reason logically. I think the parents still remember the rules themselves! You can play on a piece of paper, or you can buy a box with plastic suitcases and boat chips - for many children this is easier than carefully writing everything down on a piece of paper.

Encrypted letters and amazing fairy tales. When children already know how to write and read, they like to decipher secret notes, where each letter has its own designation - for example, a number or a small picture.

Or you can speak a secret language - for example, like Tofsla and Vifsla in the fairy tale about Moomintroll. I went to the store. I'll be back soon!

Or you can add a “secret syllable” after each syllable, and not just at the end of the word: Tya-pa-tya-pa, Tya-pa-tya-pa, na-pa-shi-pa se-pa-ti-pa pr- pa-ta-pa-schi-pa-li-pa mer-pa-tve-pa-tsa-pa!”

Now try to guess what kind of fairy tale this is: “According to De Re. You are re bo-prebo. Sta De re from ze tya. Tya-potya - you can’t. According to De Ba. Ba for de, De for Re, tya- sweating - you can’t!”

Can you tell a fairy tale about the Ryaba Hen in the same style?

Patchwork quilt. We draw a 4 by 5 square game field on paper in a checkered pattern (the side of each square is 1 cm). In one move, each player must shade one square with his own color. We must try to keep cells of the same color as far from each other as possible. During the game, as many sticks are drawn under the playing field as the adjacent cells are shaded with this pencil. Neighboring cells are those that have a common side or are located diagonally from each other. The one with the fewest sticks at the end of the game wins.

Bridges. During the game, each player tries to build a bridge from one bank to the other. Red has red banks and crosses as stones, Green has green banks and zeros. The game can start anywhere on the field. In one move, a player can connect two of his adjacent stones with a vertical or horizontal bridge. Red and green bridges should not intersect. The winner is the one who builds a continuous bridge from one bank to the other.

Erudite. A well-known game, also called “scrabble,” where you need to form words from individual letters and place them on the field according to certain rules. Many children enjoy playing such games already in elementary school!

Discussion

Very interesting and useful games. I especially liked the game "Typesetter". Thank you.

Oh! how good. When we go somewhere, keeping the children occupied is a real problem. Looks like the problem is solved :)

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Good afternoon, today we are returning to the topic of perspective and will study How to draw a train in perspective. This lesson will help you draw not only moving objects such as a train, car, etc., but also other objects located in the distance.

Linear perspective is represented by lines. These lines extend from the top and bottom of the object and converge at one point in the distance. We can see this in the lines of the rails, which, going into the distance, converge at one point.
When depicting the world on a flat surface, we must draw it as we see it; We see distant objects less than those that are closer to us.

Vanishing point
We have all undoubtedly seen a hot air balloon. When the ball is next to us, it is huge, but the further the ball flies, the smaller it becomes, in the end, it turns into a speck, and then completely disappears from sight. It is precisely the point where the ball disappears from the field of view that is called the vanishing point. On the horizon line, this point is where the sky and earth meet.
So let's draw the train in perspective.

Step 1
First, let's draw a horizontal line.

Step 2
Now let's draw a point (vanishing point) on the left side of the horizon line.

Step 4
Let's draw another line a little to the left for the railway tracks.

Step 5
Let's start drawing a steam locomotive. Using a ruler, draw two horizontal lines.

Step 6
Now let's connect the vertical lines with two horizontal lines as shown below.

Step 7
Draw a line from the left corner of the rectangle to the vanishing point and darken the line coming from the bottom left corner.

Step 8
Draw a circle in the rectangle, and draw a vertical line just below the circle.

Step 9
We mark the middle of the line we just drew, the point of the lower left corner of the train, connect these points with a straight line and draw a triangle.

Step 10
Now let's do the same on the other side.

Step 11
Using a ruler, draw vertical lines.

Step 12
Let's draw several lines to the vanishing point as indicated in the figure.

Step 13
To get the shape of a cylinder, draw two lines to the vanishing point from the top and bottom of the circle.

Step 14
Close the cylinder by drawing a semicircle. Next, draw a vase-shaped figure at the bottom of the circle.

Step 15
Now let's draw two vertical lines above the cylinder. Then draw a line from the center of the vase shape to the bottom point of the triangle at the front of the train.

Step 16
Let's draw a curved line to cover the cylinder we just drew, then draw two diagonal lines outward and connect these lines with another curved line.

Step 18
Our horizontal line is green. Let's draw several curved lines from the horizontal line, as indicated in the figure.

Step 19
Now let's draw cylinders on both sides of the vase.

Step 20
Erase unnecessary lines and darken the main ones. You can experiment with the design to give it a personal touch.

Our lesson has come to an end. After all, it was not difficult to learn and drawing objects in the future will not be difficult. Good luck!