Kaysenov “Behind Enemy Lines. Discussion on book K

Kasym Kaysenov (Kazakh Kasym Kaysenov, April 23, 1918, Ulan district, East Kazakhstan region December 30, 2006) People's hero of the Republic of Kazakhstan, laureate of the A. Fadeev International Prize, Kazakh writer, veteran of the Great Patriotic War.

ON THE EVE OF THE VIOLENT BATTLES In 1939, Kasym Kaysenov was drafted into the army. It was planned that he would be sent to the Finnish war. However, on the way to the gathering place, he was taken off the train and sent to an intelligence school located near Moscow. There he had to master sabotage work behind enemy lines. As expected, the training of special forces is distinguished by the variety of methods used. For example, during one of the exams it was necessary to jump into a dark room, the floor of which was significantly lower than the illuminated room where the examinees were. In addition, sharp stakes were visible there. Kaysenov's fellow countryman, who entered this school with him, refused to jump. He managed to warn Kasym, whispering in Kazakh: “Sekirme! "Kauipti!" - "Do not jump! Dangerous!" However, when it was Kasim's turn, he jumped, defying the fear of physical pain. Imagine his surprise when he landed safely on a flat surface. It turned out that the sharp stakes were just skillfully made designs on the fabric. This is how the fighting spirit of the future hero was forged.

FIRST BATTLES The Great Patriotic War began for Kasym Kaysenov in November 1941, when he and thirteen other fighters landed in the Cherkasy-Bogoslovsky forest in a remote area of ​​the Kyiv region. However, instead of the expected reinforcements, they were waylaid by the Germans, because the guide Minko turned out to be a traitor. In the ensuing firefight, almost our entire squad was destroyed. The wounded Kasym escaped from this trap with great difficulty. Unfortunately, he will encounter such cases of treason many times. Therefore, the organizers of partisan formations and detachments, including Kasym Kaysenov, had at their disposal previously prepared caches of weapons and human reserves.

After graduating from school in 1934, he entered the political and educational technical school in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk. In 1938, after graduating from technical school, he worked as an instructor at the Pavlodar regional department of public education, from where he was drafted into the army, and then was sent to the military intelligence school. After graduating from military intelligence school in November 1941, he was sent to the headquarters of the North-Western Front, from where, having received a special assignment, he was sent behind enemy lines to organize a partisan movement in the territory of occupied Ukraine. On this land, Kasym Kaysenov commanded detachment number three, which bore the name of Chapaev. Subsequently, until the end of 1944, he participated in partisan movements in the territories of Moldova, Czechoslovakia, and Romania. As a detachment commander, he participated in more than a hundred military campaigns and sabotage.

ON THE PATH OF GUERILLA GLORY In 1943, Kasym Kaysenov’s people captured a German barge on the Dnieper with food intended for shipment to Germany. This happened near the village of Khodorov, Rzhishchevsky district, Kyiv region. They shot the barge crew. They managed to distribute part of the food to local residents, and the ship itself was sunk. In 1944, a sabotage group, which included our hero, blew up a large oil depot near the Romanian city of Ploiesti. Thus, serious damage was caused to the supply of fuel and lubricants to the Nazi aggressors. But to great regret, of the twenty-eight paratroopers who accomplished this feat, twenty-five laid down their heads there. Of particular note are the outstanding military leaders under whose command Kasym Kaysenov fought. They taught him real lessons in military affairs. First of all, we are talking about the legendary Sidor Artemyevich Kovpak. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General Kovpak led the Sumy partisan unit, numbering approximately eleven thousand people. During their first meeting, Sidor Artemyevich asked Kasym: “What is your nationality?” When he said that he was Kazakh, Kovpak said thoughtfully: “Amangeldy, Amangeldy...” He probably remembered Amangeldy Imanov, the leader of the national liberation uprising of 1916. Then the famous partisan told Kasim that he would call him Amangeldy. However, Kasym opposed this, saying that Amangeldy was a national hero, and he could not bear his name. Then Kovpak said bluntly: “You will be Vasya.”

On the instructions of Sidor Artemyevich, Kasym Kaysenov led a detachment of about five hundred people to destroy the German garrison in the village of Maly Korotel. In this operation, the Kazakh partisan used military cunning. Former German language teacher Pyotr Lutsenko and ethnic German Robert Klein led about twenty partisans dressed in German uniforms to capture the commandant's office. The main forces of the garrison were absent that day, so it was necessary to take advantage of the favorable moment. Having lulled the remaining fascists with false information, they disarmed and then publicly executed approximately one hundred and fifty German soldiers and officers. After the liberation of right-bank Ukraine, Kasym Kaysenov was sent to Transcarpathia as part of a group of sixty people. Evidence of the extraordinary valor shown by Kasym Kaysenov in western Ukraine is a letter of gratitude sent to him by Alexander Vasilyevich Tkanko, Hero of the Soviet Soryuz, “The best memory and gratitude as a sign of our joint partisan fight against the enemy in his rear - Transcarpathian Ukraine, for the exemplary performance of combat and operational assignments, determination, courage and bravery shown in battles with the German-Hungarian occupiers, to my military friend... I give a Browning pistol of November 1944.” To this eloquent document it should be added that Kasym Kaysenov carried out many daring operations on the territory of Moldova, Romania and Czechoslovakia.

“If you ask in Ukraine now: “Who is Kasym Kaysenov?”, then few people will answer. And if you ask about the partisan Vasya, everyone knows.” This is what former partisan and writer Kasym Kaysenov said about himself in one of his interviews. His fate is inextricably linked with the Ukrainian people, whom he defended from the enemy. Ukrainians consider Kasym their fellow countryman. Distinguished by the courage and bravery inherent in the Kazakh people, Kasym became dear to all Ukrainians.

At the end of the war, K. Kaysenov returned to Kazakhstan and worked as a senior official in the Office of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR. As deputy chairman of the district executive committee of the Zhualinsky and Sverdlovsk districts of the Zhambyl region, he actively participated in the restoration of the post-war national economy. From 1951 to 1954 he studied in the translators department of the two-year party school under the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan. From 1953 to 1972 he worked as deputy director of the Zhazushy publishing house, director of the bureau for the promotion of fiction at the Writers' Union of Kazakhstan, and deputy director of the Kainar publishing house.

Kasym Kaysenov is the author of numerous works in which he truthfully described the most difficult periods of the Great Patriotic War and the selfless heroism of ordinary soldiers. His first book, “Young Partisan,” was published in 1954. After this, the books “Ilko Vitryak”, “Partisans of Pereyaslavl”, “In the Mouth of Death”, “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines”, “On the Dnieper”, “Behind Enemy Lines”, “Partisan Paths” and numerous stories, essays, collections of stories. Many of the author’s works have been translated into Russian, Ukrainian and other languages. Recently, the writer published the books “I Believe in the Future of My Country” and “Memories and Notes.”

Kasym Kaysenov began his literary activity at the call of his heart. He experienced too many difficulties during the last war. The vivid impressions of those fiery years just begged to be put on paper. However, it cannot be said that he started with a clean slate. Even before the war he wrote poetry. But, full of mortal danger, the years of battle so depleted his physical and spiritual strength that at first he could not even clearly express himself in his native language, not to mention the hard work of a writer. Naturally, Kasym Kaysenov’s books are mainly devoted to military topics. In them, he organically combines his own memories, eyewitness accounts and archival documents. There is also a bit of artistic fiction in his writings. His works such as “Young Partisans” (1954), “From the Claws of Death” (1959), “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines” (1961) and others have taken their rightful place in modern Kazakh literature for children and youth.

CREATING A POST-WAR WORLD On January 1, 1945, Kasym Kaysenov returned to Almaty. He celebrated Victory Day as a referent in the apparatus of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the SSR. He then continued his education, graduating in 1953 from the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR. In the early fifties, he held the responsible post of chairman of the Sverdlovsk regional executive committee of the Zhambyl region. Over the years he worked as an editor at the publishing houses “Zhazushy” (“Writer”), “Kainar” (“Spring”), etc. His books have been translated into Russian and Ukrainian. Retired colonel.

They lived together for more than sixty years, were inseparable, lived in perfect harmony. They put four children on their feet. Twelve grandchildren and five great-grandchildren are growing up. Asyl Kaysenova, an example of an oriental beauty, is also related to the printed word. She collaborated with the government newspaper Socialist Kazakhstan and wrote poetry.

For military courage during the Second World War, K. Kaysenov was awarded the Order of the Great Patriotic War, 1st degree, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, the Order of the Great Patriotic War, the Partisans of Czechoslovakia award and many other medals and orders. Several years ago, the Ukrainian government awarded him the Order “For Special Courage”, 2nd and 3rd degree. He is also a laureate of the Bauyrzhan Momyshuly Literary Prize.

Writers about K. Kasenov Writer Abish Kekilbayev: “He was a representative of the generation of those hundreds of thousands who did not return from the battlefields. In him we saw the courage and courage of the people of that time. He had a strong character. We were a little afraid of him, but we loved him very much. Until his last day he remained a true warrior. He saved hundreds of people, took revenge on his enemies, being in the thick of it behind Nazi lines. Returning to his homeland, without sparing himself, he worked for the common good, helping to restore the country, which was grieving under the yoke of “funerals.” Kazakhstan, having gained independence, appreciated the heroism of Kasym aga, he was awarded the honorary title “Khalyk Kaharmany”. He will always remain an example of heroism and selfless work in the name of the people.” This is how another writer, front-line soldier Azilkhan Nurshaikov, says about Kaysenov: “During the Great Patriotic War, tank crews, pilots, artillerymen, and infantrymen distinguished themselves. They fought in different units. Partisanship fell to Kasim's lot. The operating units were stably provided with food and weapons, and combat losses were replenished with reinforcements. And this gave us strength. The partisans did not have such an opportunity. They were self-sufficient. Being in the heat, in the midst of enemy forces, they courageously fought. And in such conditions, 23-year-old Kasym created a partisan detachment.

On the occasion of the 65th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War, a monument to the legendary partisan, writer, People's Hero of the Republic of Kazakhstan Kasym Kaysenov was unveiled in Ust-Kamenogorsk. On May 8, 2010, in Ust-Kamenogorsk, at the intersection of Kirov Street and Pobeda Avenue, a bronze bust of our fellow countryman, “Halyk Kaparmany,” was installed. During the Great Patriotic War, Kasym Kaysenov led many major operations in Belarus and Ukraine. The idea to install a memorial bust of Kasym Kaysenov belonged to the city council of elders, war and home front veterans and regional Ukrainian, Russian and Belarusian ethnocultural centers. A book house named after Kasym Kasenov has been opened in Ust-Kamenogorsk.

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Discussion on the book by K. Kaysenov “Behind Enemy Lines”

(for students in grades 7-9)
to the 95th anniversary of the birth of the writer-hero K. Kaysenov Librarian:

Decades have passed since the last salvos of the Great Patriotic War died down, but human memory preserves the feats that were accomplished day after day throughout the long years of the war.

Kasym Kaysenov (born April 23, 1918 in the village of Asubulak, Ulan district, Eastern Kazakhstan region), folk hero, writer.

In 1934 After graduating from junior high school, he enters the political and educational technical school in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk. After graduating in 1939, he was sent to the military intelligence school in Moscow, which he graduated in 1941. During the Great Patriotic War he led a partisan detachment. On a special assignment, he was transferred to enemy-occupied Ukrainian territory. Here Kasym Kaysenov led the third detachment of the Chapaev partisan unit. He took part in battles on the territory of Moldova and Ukraine, Czechoslovakia and Romania. Participated in the liberation of Ukraine, Belarus, etc. After the liberation of Soviet land from fascist invaders in 1945. he returns to his homeland, works in the apparatus of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR. In 1953-70 he worked at the Writers' Union of Kazakhstan. Partisan - A veteran who worked for a long time as an editor and deputy director of Zhazusha and Kainar. K. Kaysenov had to witness and participate in the heroic partisan war in Ukraine, he saw the unprecedented feats of the people's avengers in the fierce struggle against the German fascist invaders, he considered himself obliged to tell in his books without embellishment, without hiding anything. Thus began the literary activity of the writer, who devoted his work to a heroic and patriotic theme.

In 1954, K. Kaysenov published his first book - “Young Partisans”. Readers are well aware of his books “Ilko the Windmill” (1955), “Pereyaslavl Partisans” (1956), “From the Claws of Death” (1959), “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines” (1961), “Behind Enemy Lines” (1973), “ Partisan Paths" (1978), "People's Avengers" - a collection of the best works about the partisan movement in Ukraine, etc. K. Kaysenov's works have been translated into many languages ​​of the world. K. Kaysenov - a renowned hero, partisan of the Great Patriotic War, defender of the Motherland, awarded 2 Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 3rd degree, Order of “Partisans of Czechoslovakia”, “Valour”, 3rd degree, fifteen medals Soviet Union. He was awarded the title of People's Hero of Kazakhstan, and was awarded the prize of the Union of Writers of Kazakhstan named after B. Momyshuly. Kasym Kaysenov became a legend during his lifetime. And now, when the fighter’s heart stopped, he remained in the books he wrote, the documentary film made about him several years ago and, of course, in the memory of those who knew him.

School librarian: A famous Kazakh writer, whose works the boys of the post-war period grew up reading. K. Kaysenov died on December 30, on the eve of 2007, as if he had summed up his life with the passing year. And relatives, friends and colleagues were preparing to celebrate his ninetieth birthday in the spring. Kasym Kaysenov avoided death so many times in war, as if under a spell, he looked her in the face in peacetime. This year we celebrate the writer’s 95th birthday. It’s hard to remember the tragic past, but we must remember the time and its heroes.
Questions for discussion based on the story by K. Kaysenov

"A Boy Behind Enemy Lines"

1.What time are we talking about in K. Kaysenov’s story “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines?”

2.Where do the events of the story take place?

3. Who do you think is the main character of the story?

4.What happened to Serik’s mother, and who helped the boy overcome the difficulties and misfortunes that befell him?

5. How did the guys’ lives turn out after the attack by the fascist invaders?

6.How were the invaders greeted in the villages occupied by the Nazis?

7. What do you guys think, why did the Red Army retreat at the beginning of the war?

8. Why didn’t Anna Ivanovna stay in her village, occupied by the Nazis, and return to her parents?

9.What can you tell us about guerrilla warfare in enemy-occupied territory?

11.What tasks did the guys carry out while helping the partisans?

10. What was Serik called in the squad, and what did he want to become when he grew up?

12.What happened to Serik, and under what circumstances was he injured?

13.What can you tell us about Serik’s meeting with his father?

14.What in the story you read made the greatest impression on you?
Answers to the story's questions.

1.What time are we talking about in K. Kaysenov’s story “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines?” The story “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines” is a story about the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War.

2.Where do the events of the story take place? The events of the story take place behind enemy lines, in enemy-occupied territory, about the difficulties and trials that a ten-year-old Kazakh boy, Serik Mergenbaev, had to endure.

Librarian's comments: Remember the meeting between the father of Red Army Major Zhomart Mergenbaev and his son before the start of the war. Zhomart's wife Zhamal and Serik were returning to the border town from Kazakhstan, where they were visiting.

3.Who do you think is the main character of the story? This story is not only about one boy, Serik, but also about the fates of other children who found themselves in enemy-occupied territory, who helped the partisans.

Librarian's comments: They ( distributed leaflets, warned the partisans about the punitive forces, stood at the post, communicated with the commander of the partisan detachment). (Anna Ivanovna's son Boris, Misha and many other children). They bore a lot on their children's shoulders, but did not break under the weight of the trials that befell them.

4. Please, guys, remember what happened to Serik’s mother, what the boy had to go through when he lost his mother, who helped him in the most terrible time. (p. 225) Leaving the burning, destroyed train, Zhamal’s mother and Serik tried to hide in the forest , but they did not have time to get to the forest. Struck by a machine gun fire, Serik’s mother dies, and Serik stood and could not understand what to do, he was overcome by fear.

Librarian's comments: The author compares the boy with a tied lamb in a deserted steppe. He sat in the crater next to his mother’s body, huddled in a ball for several hours, confused, killed by the grief that fell on his thin shoulders. Anna Ivanovna, a neighbor and the wife of her husband’s colleague, came to Serik’s aid. She herself was confused when she saw the frightened boy; she could not believe Zhamal’s death. A young, cheerful, beautiful woman with long black braids, three hours ago they were sitting together in the carriage, peacefully talking, and now she is gone.

5. How did the guys’ lives turn out after the attack by the fascist invaders? Difficult trials befell the boys: their fathers went to the front, their mothers had to hastily leave their homes, as the enemy occupied the country. Serik lost his mother at the very beginning of the war.

Librarian's comments: Such grief is not easy for an adult to bear, but here is a ten-year-old child. It’s good that Anna Ivanovna, Boris’s mother, did not remain indifferent to Serik’s fate. She took care of him as if she were her child. Anna Ivanovna replaced Serik's deceased mother. While wandering through the forests, they saw what the Nazis were doing to civilians. The Germans dealt with civilians: they set houses on fire, hanged the first residents they came across, and shot children. “They even shoot at children. Vile killers. No, these are not people...” How were they still alive in such a mess?

6. How did people live in the occupied territory? How were the invaders greeted in the villages occupied by the Nazis?

The invaders behaved like masters. People were prohibited from appearing on the street after eight o'clock in the evening. No one had the right to leave home without special permission from the German commandant's office. At night, police officers patrolled the streets. The occupiers were furious. Former kulaks, thieves and criminals, who at one time were fairly punished by the Soviet government, now became servants of the Germans: elders and policemen. They served the enemies, handed over Soviet activists to the Germans: Komsomol members and communists, persecuted honest people, for them Hitler was the “liberator of the people.” By order of the military commandant, everyone who wanders in the forest is declared partisans and subject to execution. So, having arrived in her native village, Anna Ivanovna realized that her former friend Tamara began to collaborate with the Nazis and betrayed her. Anna Ivanovna was afraid that she might be arrested, and Boris and Serik would be sent to Germany. Her fears were justified, she was threatened with arrest, but the Nazis did not have time to arrest her, as she was warned by underground worker Polina Petrovna. There were still fewer traitors than honest people; honest people in the occupied territory believed in the victory of the Soviet Army and fought against the occupiers. 7. What do you guys think, why did the Red Army retreat at the beginning of the war? 1400 days and

The war continued through the nights, and there was not a single “easy” day among them, even the very last day with Nazi Germany was infinitely dangerous, immeasurably difficult. The Nazis attacked the Soviet Union without declaring war; unexpectedly, there was no military equipment: tanks, Katyushas, ​​etc. Having carried out a treacherous attack on the USSR, Hitler and his accomplices believed that they had done everything to successfully carry out their sinister plans. Never before has any conqueror created such a colossal army in numbers and powerful technical equipment as the fascist army. The Soviet people found the strength to not only withstand the ramming attack, but also to dispel the aggressive power of the fascists into dust. So, having arrived in her native village, Anna Ivanovna realized that her former friend Tamara began to collaborate with the Nazis and betrayed her. Anna Ivanovna was afraid that she might be arrested, and Boris and Serik would be sent to Germany. Her fears were justified, she was threatened with arrest, but the Nazis did not have time to arrest her, as she was warned by underground worker Polina Petrovna. The underground workers were well aware of the situation in the village and came to her aid in time, transporting her to another village, where they already had an apartment prepared in advance. But they failed to save Anna Ivanovna’s parents; the Gestapo men hanged Anna Ivanovna’s father and mother; they were given away by their ex-girlfriend Tamara and her father.

9.What can you tell us about the partisan struggle in enemy-occupied territory in the story “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines”?

In the war with Nazi Germany, which occupied part of Soviet territory, the fight behind enemy lines became important.

In enemy-occupied territory, the party specifically left and sent brave underground organizers, real patriots, to organize resistance to the occupiers in Ukraine, where the events of the story take place. (Ivan Kuzmich Primak is the organizer of the underground, Ivan Gaman is a member of the underground Komsomol organization, etc.) The leaders selected people, got weapons, created secret warehouses of ammunition and food.

10. What was Serik called in the squad, and what did he want to become when he grew up? Serik was called “Asian”, “black”, Serikzhan, Seryozha, and also our Amangeldy. When Serik grew up, he wanted to become an artilleryman or command a cavalry.

12.What happened to Serik, and under what circumstances was he injured? Childhood is the most wonderful time of life. During the war, instead of studying and pleasing their parents, the children had to live in hard work and danger; the war threw them into deep forests. Serik had the hardest time of all, since he was left without a mother, and nothing was known about his father.

The boy learned how to handle a horse while still in the village from his grandfather, and so the cavalry commander took him with him and sent him with a note to the camp. When Serik was returning from the camp, he lost his way and a column of soldiers was moving out of the forest; German soldiers and gendarmes were walking into the forest. He galloped back at full speed to the partisans to inform the commander that the Germans were approaching from the direction of the Dnieper. The commander, through a young intelligence officer, conveyed a report to Ivan Kuzmich that the Nazis were following in the footsteps of the partisans.

(About Serik’s wound) Serik rode on his Belolob to the Dnieper, bypassing the fleeing Germans, the enemies recovered from the first failures and shot accurately, many partisans were wounded, the horsemen were especially injured, Serik was also unlucky, who participated in the hottest places of the battle and although They said about him that bullets couldn’t take our Seryozha, German bullets knocked down his war horse White-fronted, and one bullet hit the brave fighter in the hand.

13. Under what circumstances did Serik meet with his father? Serik's father, Lieutenant Colonel Mergenbaev Zhomart, commanded a regiment in parts of the Third Ukrainian Front. First, a letter came from Lieutenant Colonel Krasyuk that Serik’s father was alive, and then he himself found Anna Ivanovna with the children. A happy meeting with his son partly softened the pain of losing his beloved wife Zhamal. He owed the meeting with his son to Anna Ivanovna - a simple, brave, selfless woman - his mother. It was she who saved Serik and replaced both his mother and his father. When Zhomart began to say words of gratitude, not knowing how to thank her for her son, she said: “I fulfilled my duty. The duty of the mother and the Soviet man." He took Serik with him.

15.What in the story you read made the greatest impression on you?(We listen to the guys' answers)

to the 95th anniversary of the birth of the writer-hero K. Kaysenov Many books have been written about the war. War. These are years of suffering and the most difficult trials for our people. Much has already become a legend, but no one should forget that the heroes of these legends are living people. Sparing no effort and life, they went head-to-head against the cruel enemy and won. Their memory is sacred, their glory lives on and will live forever in the hearts of the people.

The subscription librarian introduces the exhibition of books: “The partisan paths of Kasym Kaysenov.”

Librarian: In a few days, a special day will come for all our people. The day for which millions of lives were given. Victory Day! For all of us, May 9 is not only Victory Day, it is a day of sacred memory. With a feeling of deep gratitude, people remember those who fought and defended their homeland. We, who live in peacetime, not knowing the smoke of fires, the howl of shells overhead, today we remember with gratitude those who defended the Motherland, the peaceful, clear sky, we remember the feat of our grandfathers and fathers, grandmothers and mothers at the front and in the rear, for this Victory for all our people. We honor the memory of the heroes of the front and rear, we honor the war participants living among us, not only as a sign of gratitude and admiration for their great feat, but also because you have to take the baton from their hands, you are responsible for the future of the country, for its pure sky. There are only a few heroes of the Great Patriotic War left. And each of them is the last, because with them an entire era of our history passes away.
Compiled by: Balanda O.P.

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“I don’t know when this will be,

In the shade of white-trunked birches

Victory on the ninth of May

People will celebrate without tears.

Victory marches will rise

Army pipes of the country,

And the marshal will go to the army,

Didn't see this war"

Now that time has come. 60 years have passed since that memorable May 9, when the long-awaited “Victory!” was heard throughout the world. This day will forever go down in history as a memory of the unprecedented feat of the Soviet people, their courage and perseverance.

The Great Patriotic War became one of the most difficult trials that befell the Soviet people.

For four long years, 1418 days and nights, the battle continued, deciding the fate of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the future of the whole world. Each of these days is a fiery page in the immortal chronicle of a nationwide feat.

United by a common goal, an insurmountable obstacle stood in the way of the enemy, Russians and Tajiks, Georgians and Belarusians, Ukrainians and Kazakhs...

In those harsh years, the Kazakh people in fact proved their selfless devotion to their Motherland.

There were one million two hundred thousand Kazakhstanis in the ranks of the fighting armies, 60 thousand of whom were awarded orders and medals. More than 500 of our fellow countrymen became Heroes of the Soviet Union, 96 of them are Kazakhs. The names of twice Heroes of the Soviet Union became famous throughout the country Sergei Lugansky, Ivan Pavlov, Talgat Begeldinov, Leonid Beda and others.

Our glorious fellow countrymen walked along front roads from the walls of the Brest Fortress to Berlin. They fought bravely against the fascist invaders in the trenches of Stalingrad, at the Dnieper crossing, and in the battles for Moscow and Leningrad. There was not a single major battle in which Kazakhstanis did not take part. The names are inscribed in golden letters in the heroic chronicle of the Great Patriotic War Manshuk Mametova, Aliya Moldagulova, Nurken Abdirov, Malik Gabdullin, Baurjan Momyshuly and many, many others.

A partisan detachment under the command of Adiya Sharipova. In Ukraine, in a partisan formation

famous hero of the Patriotic War S.A. Kovpaka the squad fought Kasym Kaysenov.

The outcome of the fight against the enemy was decided not only on the battlefields, but also in the Great Battle for metal, military equipment, and bread that unfolded throughout the country. In those years, Kazakhstan turned into one of the most important arsenals of the country, motherly accepting more than a million refugees, housing evacuated plants and factories, and ensuring, despite the shortage of workers, an uninterrupted supply of food and ammunition vital to the army. Would Victory have been possible without people like rice farmer Chaganak Bersiev, like millions of women, old people and teenagers, on whose shoulders the entire burden of wartime rear work fell?!

The feat of the soldier who fought to the death and the feat of the worker who forged Victory will never fade.

Konstantin Simonov wrote: “You need to know everything about the past war. We need to know what it was, what immeasurable emotional burden the days of retreats and defeats were associated with for us, and what immeasurable happiness the Victory was for us. We also need to know what sacrifices the war cost us, what destruction it brought, leaving wounds in the souls of people and on the body of the earth.”

Our duty is, using the best works of fiction, memoirs, and journalistic literature, to convey to our descendants the memory of this holy war, respect for the perseverance, courage and selfless love for our Fatherland of those to whom we owe our present day.

When speaking with readers on the topic of the Great Patriotic War, children's library workers should be guided by the following:

there is no need to judge what goals underlay the “policy” of the war. Our duty is to tell about events and people honestly, without belittling or exaggerating, to reveal the tragic and at the same time triumphant history of the Soviet people during the Great Patriotic War for each age group of readers with the greatest accessibility and objectivity.

proceed from the fact that war (modern or long past) is evil. An evil that cannot be tolerated, that cannot be justified either before or after.

emphasize that the Great Patriotic War is a shrine to the people who survived it and defended their native land. This is something that should remain in memory forever as a great feat, a great tragedy and a warning.

introduce readers to the widest possible range of literature on military topics, especially Kazakh writers and poets.

When working on this topic, take into account its scale, the variety of means, forms and methods to satisfy the needs of different groups of readers.

The celebration of the 60th anniversary of the Great Victory in children's libraries should be preceded by a lot of preparatory work.

Can be announced and carried out creative work competition: posters, newspapers, mini-essays “We vote for peace”, which will be held under the motto: “Without the past there is no present, without the present the future is impossible.”

In order to correctly and comprehensively reveal to readers the huge arsenal of literature about war, to emphasize the significance of the largest battles and military operations, you can compose “Calendar of significant dates of the Great Patriotic War”:

« Fire Chronicle 1941-1945:

Defense of Brest - June 1941.

Defense of Leningrad - 1941-1944.

Battle of the Dnieper - August - December 1943.

Expanded book and illustration exhibition“In Memory of Our Page”, “People’s War, Holy War”, “Let us bow to those great years”, “In the footsteps of great courage”... will introduce children to documentary, memoir, and fiction literature on the topic.

Quotes for sections of the exhibition can include the following words:

“We must bow to the ground to our Soviet man. Everywhere and everywhere he did everything in his power to hasten the hour of victory over fascism.”

G.K.Zhukov

“Remember at what price happiness is won. Please remember!

R. Rozhdestvensky

"I brought freedom from the East

Europe lying in darkness.

The blood that I shed in battles

Flowers rose on the earth"

A. Sarsenbaev

“I am for you, Motherland,

For the sky above you

The harsh path is ready again

Go from battle to battle."

D. Muldagaliev

At the book exhibition, it is imperative to present literature about the participation of Kazakhstanis in the Great Patriotic War, as well as works telling about the wartime.

During the terrible years of the Great Patriotic War, writers and poets of Kazakhstan were together with the people, many of them themselves fought in the ranks of the Soviet Army.

"Words That Came from Battle"- this is the name of the biobibliographic index about writers and poets of Kazakhstan - participants in the Great Patriotic War, published by the information and bibliographic department of the State Children's Library named after. S. Begalin, which you can use in your work.

You can dedicate to outstanding battles and operations of the Great Patriotic War cycle of open views literature “On the battlefields of the Great Patriotic War...”

Considering that such a serious topic cannot be covered in one event, we recommend holding it in libraries Remembrance Week, in which to include conversations for all age groups: “How it was”, “And the saved world remembers”, “About those who died for you”, “We remain faithful to your courage and great friendship”, “The unquenchable fire of memory”, etc.

When starting a conversation about the events of those days with the youngest readers, it is necessary to take into account that for most of them the concepts are unfamiliar: “Soviet Union”, “union republic”, “capital of the Soviet Union”... Therefore, any event dedicated to the Great Patriotic War can be start with a little background using a map of the Soviet Union.

Mametova, Aliya Modagulova, Nurken Abdirov, Panfilov heroes, etc.)

The glorious history of hero cities can be dedicated to game- journey“Around the Hero Cities” for younger schoolchildren, oral journal“The glory of hero cities is eternal” - for readers of middle and older age groups. The motto of these events can be taken as follows: “Cities become heroes when their defenders become heroes.”

Speaking about those tragic years, it is necessary to tell the children about the fates of their peers, who went to the front right from their desks, who replaced their fathers and older brothers at factory machines and on collective farm fields.

Young partisans, sons of regiments, scouts... They got to the front in different ways. The war did not spare their childhood, forcing them to fully experience all the hardships and hardships of wartime, and they risked their lives along with adults.

But children died not only at the fronts. How many of them were tortured in fascist concentration camps, in territories occupied by the fascists, in besieged Leningrad!

Expanding on the topics “Childhood scorched by war”, “War entered my boyhood”, “Children of war”, tell the children about the exploits

young guards, about young heroes - Zina Portnova, Volodya Dubinin, Marat Kazeya and others,

The series of events must include the theme “War does not have a woman’s face”, “Women on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War”.

The poetry of the forties war years entered the history of literature as a page of feat. “The Muses were not silent”, “My poetry, you are from the trench...”, “A line torn by a bullet” - under such names one can draw poetry reading competition about the Great Patriotic War. Particular attention should be paid to ensuring that works by Kazakh poets are performed during the event.

In the Kazakh national poetry of that time, the image of a Kazakh warrior, citizen, internationalist, selflessly defending a single multinational Motherland was created.

Kazakh poetry of the war years can become the topic of a separate event - poetry evenings“Bitter memory in my heart...”, which will introduce the children to creativity Kasym Amanzholov, Khalizhan Bekhozhin, Tair Zharokov, Mariyam Khakimzhanova and others.

The following themes should be reflected within the framework of the Week: “National struggle behind enemy lines” (about the partisan movement), “Brotherhood in Arms”, “Rear Front”.

The final event could be Day of Remembrance, with an invitation to veterans of the Great Patriotic War, summing up the results of the creative competition, and setting up an exhibition of the best competitive works.

Currently, many scripts dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the Victory have been published on the pages of pedagogical periodicals. These include literary and musical compositions, matinees, and memorial evenings...

The task of libraries is to use them creatively, enriching them with local history material; using non-traditional design elements, audio and video materials available in the fund, make

events are informationally and emotionally rich and as effective as possible.

In our teaching manual, we offer materials that, in our opinion, can be used by you in practical activities.

Let generations remember

(Material for conversations for readers of younger and middle age groups)

To conduct the conversation, prepare a map of the Soviet Union, portraits of Heroes of the Soviet Union - Kazakhstanis, and illustrative material.

Guys! Today we celebrate Victory Day. This holiday is both joyful and sad.

Joyful - because 60 years ago on this day, Nazi Germany admitted its complete defeat, and our people won.

Sad - because the victory came at a high price. Twenty-six million lives were lost to the war.

War... This is a terrible word.

You guys are still quite a few years old. You were born and raised on a peaceful land and know well how the sun rises and sets, how spring thunderstorms rustle, but you have never seen the lightning of fires, nor heard the peals of gunfire. New buildings are growing before your eyes, but you have no idea how easily they collapse under a hail of bombs and shells. It’s unlikely that you have thought about how fragile human life is, how easy it is to end it!..

60 years ago, Kazakhstan was one of 15 republics that were part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The entire Soviet Union was then our Fatherland, our united Motherland. And wherever people lived - in Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Georgia or Moldova - everyone, as one, stood shoulder to shoulder to defend their native land when on June 22, 1941, the German invaders attacked our country.

This happened at 4 o'clock in the morning. Without a declaration of war, planes with swastikas on their wings began bombing Soviet cities along the entire western border. Nazi Germany was well prepared for war and had no doubts about its invincibility. By this time, she had been fighting for almost 2 years, was well armed, had excellent military equipment and conquered half of Europe. At the same time, Poland was captured by the Nazis in 35 days, Denmark in 1 day, Holland in 6, Belgium in 18, France resisted for 44 days.

In preparation for the war with the Soviet Union, the Nazis developed the “Barbarossa” plan, according to which they hoped to conduct a lightning war (“blitzkrieg”) and capture the entire Soviet country in 5 months. A special place in this plan was given to the capture of Moscow and Leningrad. Hitler believed that with the achievement of this goal the war would be over. He had no doubt at all about the feasibility of his plan, and on November 7 he was going to organize a parade of German troops on Red Square in Moscow.

Sending his soldiers to war, Hitler said: “... kill everyone Soviet, don’t stop, if in front of you is an old man or a woman, a girl or a boy - kill, by this you will save yourself from death, ensure the future of your family and become famous for centuries.”

At the beginning of the war, everything went according to plan. At that time, the Nazis had much more tanks and planes than us. Only four months have passed, and the Nazis have already captured vast territories. Brest, Odessa, Sevastopol, Kyiv fell under the blows of enemy troops, despite desperate resistance...

But the deeper the Nazis invaded our territory, the fiercer the resistance became. Not only soldiers fought: the entire people, young and old, stood up to defend their united Motherland.

The summer and autumn of 1941 were especially difficult. The Germans were rushing to Moscow. Like a hurricane-typhoon, they planned to fly into the capital of the Soviet Union and crush it. They called the military operation to capture Moscow “Typhoon”. According to the plan, the Nazis concentrated their main forces in the Moscow direction. Here the fate of our Fatherland was decided. The hottest battles broke out here. The defenders of Moscow fought to the death.

On November 7, 1941, a military parade took place on Red Square. But not German troops, as Hitler had planned: Soviet troops marched along Red Square, past the Kremlin walls in stern silence.

From the square, straight from the parade, the troops went to the front to defend Moscow. The front line passed almost to the walls of the city. Several times Hitler's radio announced to the whole world that Moscow had already been taken, but this was not true, the enemy did not enter the capital of the Soviet Union.

One of the most difficult moments of the battle for Moscow occurred at the crossing Dubosekovo, where the 8th Guards Rifle Division of our fellow countryman, Major General Panfilov, was stationed, headed by a political instructor Vasily Klochkov. There were 28 of them, against them were 20 tanks, almost

one for each. 14 tanks were knocked out by soldiers. And after a short respite, the enemies already moved 30 tanks against the daredevils. Then political instructor Klochkov stood in front of his comrades and said: " Friends! Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat. Moscow is behind!

Many heroes were killed in this battle, political instructor Klochkov also died, but the enemy did not reach Moscow.

Confident in their invincibility, the Nazis did not expect such a rebuff.

They received an even more crushing blow at Stalingrad, where the war came close to Kazakh soil.

Fascist generals received an order to completely destroy the city on the Volga. And on August 23, 1942, hundreds of German planes attacked Stalingrad.

Wave after wave of Junkers and Heinkels came, dropping bombs on residential areas of the city. Buildings collapsed and huge pillars of fire rose to the sky. The entire city was enveloped in smoke - the glow of the burning Stalingrad was visible for tens of kilometers.

After the raid, the fascist generals reported to Hitler: the city was destroyed! But even destroyed, the city did not give up. There were battles for every street, for every house...

So, in one of the squares, not far from the crossing, one - the only house - survived. It was very convenient for combat: the entire area could be shot through its windows. The Nazis managed to gain a foothold in this house and, placing machine guns and mortars on the floors, began to fire at our positions. Sergeant Pavlov and his comrades were able to knock the Nazis out of him and take up a position. The Nazis decided to return this important strategic object at any cost. The Nazis stormed the house for two days, but were unable to defeat a handful of brave souls. Then they brought in fresh forces - a whole regiment. But our command also sent reinforcements to the Pavlovians.

Soviet soldiers defended this house, a frontier, for 58 days. Now this house is famous! Pavlov's House! And also, due to the fact that in Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov’s detachment there were Uzbeks, Tatars, Georgians, and Kazakhs, the soldiers dubbed it the House of Soldiers’ Friendship.

Fierce fighting broke out near Mamayev Kurgan. It was a commanding height above the city, and the Nazis tried their best to gain a foothold on it. Our troops received an order: to knock out the enemy from Mamayev Kurgan. The battle took place with varying degrees of success. Twelve times our fighters fought hand-to-hand with the enemy. First the guards rolled back down, then the fascists retreated. For each of our fighters there were up to ten Nazis, but the Soviet soldiers did not flinch, they fought to the death. During the battle the communication line was damaged. One soldier was sent to correct the damage - he did not return, the second - but he also did not reach the broken wire. They sent a third one - Matvey Putilov. A few minutes later the connection started working, but Putilov did not return. After the battle, it turned out that Putilin, while crawling, was seriously wounded, lost a lot of blood, weakened, and did not have enough strength to connect the ends of the broken wire. Then he took the ends of the wire into his mouth and clamped them with his teeth, passing the current through himself. That's when the telephone at the command post started working.

Among the participants in the Battle of Stalingrad there were many glorious sons of the Kazakh people. One of them - Karsybai Spataev.

Together with his fighting friends, he fought the fascists.

28 enemy tanks were rushing towards our positions. Heavy enemy fire disabled the entire mortar crew, leaving only Spataev. Sending mine after mine towards the Nazis, he crushed and swept away their battle formations. And so... Spataev had the last mine left, and the enemy tank was moving straight towards the fearless mortarman... And then he took the mine in his hands and threw himself under the steel tracks...

For this feat he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

There, near Stalingrad, a Kazakh bomber pilot accomplished his immortal feat Nurken Abdirov. During his next combat mission, his plane was hit by an enemy shell and caught fire. Seeing that he could not reach his own, Nurken Abdirov sent the burning car into the thick of enemy tanks and died with his crew the death of a hero.

It was with the Battle of Stalingrad that the defeat of the German army began. This battle lasted 200 days and nights. 330 thousand German soldiers of Field Marshal Paulus were forced to surrender. Three days of mourning were declared throughout Germany.

One of the most tragic villages in the history of the Great Patriotic War is the heroic defense of Leningrad.

If the Nazis wanted to wipe Stalingrad off the face of the earth, then they decided to keep Leningrad for themselves. The Nazis liked the beautiful city on the Neva so much that they distributed the palaces and all the best buildings among their generals and officers in advance.

The commanders of Hitler's troops carefully prepared for the capture of the city and were so confident of an imminent victory that they set a date for a banquet at the Astoria Hotel and even printed and sent out invitations.

But the Leningraders defended themselves with such unparalleled courage, with such selfless heroism that the Germans, realizing that they would not get the city safe and sound, decided to bomb it.

An avalanche of fire hit Leningrad: fascist pilots, following Hitler’s orders, dropped high-explosive and incendiary bombs in the thousands; anti-aircraft batteries fired continuously. But the city continued to resist.

And then the Nazis decided to starve him to death. They blocked Leningrad from all sides. At the end of August, the last train with bread made its way to Leningrad, then the Nazis occupied the railways on the outskirts of the city and communication with the mainland was interrupted. Only on Lake Ladoga did small river barges, under constant fire from fascist aircraft, deliver food.

Every day it became more and more difficult for the Leningraders: winter was approaching, famine was approaching.

In October, storms began, barges were thrown ashore like matchboxes. In November, frosts came, and due to freezing ice floes, barges were unable to reach the city at all.

Only in winter, when the entire Lake Ladoga was covered with a thick ice shell, did it become possible to transport food and fuel necessary for the population across the ice. " Expensive life" Leningraders called Ladoga ice. But the Nazis vigilantly guarded this road, keeping it under targeted fire day and night, trying not to let a single car into the city.

Hunger began. People fell from weakness in the streets, at work benches, and could no longer get up. And children and old people died at home. The survivors did not have the strength to bury the dead. But not only hunger claimed human lives: the city’s water supply system broke down – we had to go to the Neva for water, the power plant went out of order...

In Leningrad, on Vasilyevsky Island, in house number 13 lived an eleven-year-old girl, Tanya Savicheva. Tanya’s older sister Zhenya worked at the factory, brother Lenya too, Tanya also had Uncle Vasya and Uncle Lesha, mother and old grandmother. When the blockade began, they all remained in the city. Then hunger came... Tanya kept a diary. Here are extracts from Tanya Savicheva’s diary:

The Savichevs died. Everyone died.

Tanya is the only one left."

The dying Tanya was taken away from besieged Leningrad, but they could not save her.

The Nazis were confident that the city would not last long. But days after days passed, months after months, and the Leningraders did not give up.

Weakened and dying, they not only continued to resist, but also saved beautiful monuments that they did not have time to remove, wrote books, composed music, continued to study and teach - during the siege, 100 schools operated in Leningrad.

The blockade lasted 900 days, almost two years, many Leningraders died, but the enemy never entered the city on the Neva.

The entire Soviet people were shocked by the courage of the defenders of the legendary city, everyone tried as best they could to help the besieged. Trains with food, fuel, clothing, with the inscriptions “To the Defenders of Leningrad!”, were rushing from all corners of the Soviet Union.

“Leningraders, we are with you!”

Residents of the besieged city constantly felt universal support, and this gave them strength.

Kazakhstanis responded warmly to the misfortune. To help the besieged city, they mined hundreds of tons of coal, oil, lead, copper beyond the plan, and sent trains with ammunition, food and clothing.

In the most difficult days for Leningraders, the great Kazakh poet Dzhambul Dzhabayev addressed them with a song-message “Leningraders, my children!” With tears in their eyes, residents of the besieged city read large posters with fiery lines of appeal pasted on the walls of dilapidated buildings: “Leningraders, my children!

Leningraders, my pride!

The soldiers of the Leningrad Front did everything to break the blockade ring. The Kazakh soldiers also fought here, not sparing their own lives.

Glorious son of the Kazakh people, machine gunner Kabdush Ayaganov in one of the battles he allowed enemies to come within 20 meters of him, and then opened heavy fire and destroyed a large number of fascists. For this feat he was awarded the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad".

At the walls of the ancient Russian city, Nevelya performed her immortal feat - the first woman in the Soviet East to be awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union - machine gunner Manshuk Mametova. The battalion in which Manshuk served was ordered to repel the enemy counterattack.

A fierce firefight ensued. Senior Sergeant Mametova, together with her comrades, forced the Nazis to roll back and hug the ground. Suddenly the girl noticed that two neighboring machine guns had fallen silent and the machine gunners had been killed. Then Manshuk, quickly crawling from one firing point to another, began firing at the Nazis with three machine guns. Already wounded in the head, Manshuk repelled the enemy’s attacks over and over again. This made it possible for our units to advance to their intended positions, but the girl from distant Kazakhstan remained lying on the hillside.

The glorious daughter of the Kazakh people lived in the world for only nineteen years Aliya Moldagulova, but what a wonderful sniper she was!

At first it was difficult for a very young girl to get used to the idea that she had to kill, but Aliya understood that these were not human enemies in front of her.

Despite her small stature, this fragile girl more than once raised the fighters of her battalion to attack. With the words: “For the Motherland!” Comrades, for

me!" she was the first to rush at the enemy. In the battles for the village of Kazachikha, Aliya was wounded by a mine fragment in her left hand. She bandaged her own wound and continued to shoot at the enemy. When the melee began

fight, Aliya, not fearing death, entered into battle with the fascist officer. Mortally wounded by him, Aliya managed to destroy the Fritz. This was the 78th German she killed.

Aliya Moldagulova was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Simultaneously with the attack on Stalingrad, the fascist generals rushed their armies to the Caucasus: they needed oil, copper, manganese - everything that the Caucasus was rich in, and which Nazi Germany was so lacking. In addition, by capturing the Caucasus and all its port cities, the Nazis would have deprived the Soviet Black Sea Fleet of coastal bases.

The Nazis loved to give their military operations beautiful names. They named the operation to capture the Caucasus after the mountain flower “Edelweiss”. It seemed that at first luck was with the Nazis. The Edelweiss plan was almost completed, but their rejoicing did not last long. The Nazis soon had to retreat back with huge losses.

The Nazis dreamed of avenging the defeats at Stalingrad and in the Caucasus. So that the whole world would again believe in the power and invincibility of the fascist army, it was decided to fight a general battle.

They carefully and with great secrecy developed a plan for an operation called “Citadel”.

The location for the general battle was determined in the area of ​​the city of Kursk. The Germans secretly gathered here their best troops, the newest and most powerful military equipment.

they were supposed to launch an artillery attack, and half an hour later, at exactly 3:00, the assault would begin.

Everything was ready. The Nazis were only waiting for a signal. But they did not know that Soviet intelligence officers were able to establish the exact timing of the offensive. And so, a minute before the start of the operation, the Soviet army struck the enemy troops like a fiery tornado. Only a few hours later the fascist generals were able to come to their senses. The assault was foiled.

The Battle of Kursk lasted 49 days. It was difficult for our soldiers. Never before have the Nazis used so much military equipment in any battle. In addition, they had new Tiger and Panther tanks, and even a new self-propelled, very powerful Ferdinand gun. But these are the only ones our soldiers have learned to cope with.

In the most intense days of the fighting near Kursk, a Kazakh man performed an immortal feat Georgy Ivanovich Igishev.

300 German tanks with machine gunners were thrown into that battle. The main blow of the enemy fell on the battery of captain G.I. Igishev. Knowing that the “tigers” and “panthers” had very strong armor, the artillerymen let them get very close, and only then opened fire. They managed to destroy 17 tanks, but the forces were too unequal. There was only one gun left on the battery, and three people were alive. But they continued to fight. Having lost two more heavy tanks, the enemy retreated. The attack was repulsed, but by that time there was no one left alive on the battery.

Georgy Ivanovich Igishev was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

The Nazis suffered huge losses in the battles near Kursk. Now the German army resembled a mortally wounded beast. The Nazis themselves understood well that this They could not win the war, but they continued to stubbornly resist, reluctantly parting with the captured Soviet land.

But even here the occupiers had no peace.

The people's guerrilla war did not stop behind enemy lines. It was called “People's” because it was not soldiers, officers or generals who took part in it, but ordinary people - civilians, those who did not have time to evacuate and remained under the yoke of the Nazi invaders.

Carrying out Hitler's orders, the Nazis brutally dealt with civilians. Sparing neither women, nor small children, nor ancient old people, they carried out mass executions, hanged and imprisoned them, drove young people to Germany as labor for the Germans, and sent them to concentration camps.

People began to go into the forests and united in groups and detachments. Even partisan formations began to be created.

The partisans operated everywhere: near Moscow, in the Caucasus, and especially actively in Ukraine and Belarus.

The people's avengers did not give the fascists any rest either day or night. They staged daring forays, blew up ammunition depots, bridges and railways, destroyed military equipment, destroyed fascist garrisons, and at the same time they always acted so boldly and inventively that at the mere word “partisan” the Fritz were seized with panic.

The Nazis dealt with the partisans as best they could: they organized punitive operations, arrested and killed people on the slightest suspicion.

But no measures could stop the formidable guerrilla war.

In the Moscow region, in the village of Petrishchevo, the Nazis captured the young partisan Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. The division commander, Lieutenant Colonel Rüderer himself, interrogated her. He wanted Zoya to betray her comrades, talk about the plans of the partisans, and indicate the location of the partisan base. Zoya was beaten, tortured, taken barefoot and almost naked into the cold, but they could not find out anything. In the morning she was taken to execution. They led the girl to the gallows, put her on a box, threw a noose around her neck... And then Zoya shouted: “Comrades!” Do not be afraid. Be bolder, fight, beat the fascists, burn them, poison them!”

The fascist standing nearby ran up to Zoya and wanted to hit him, but she pushed him away with her foot. “I’m not afraid to die, it’s happiness to die for my people!” And, turning to her tormentors, she shouted: “We are two hundred million. You can't outweigh everyone. Victory will still be ours!”

Zoya died, but her memory will live forever in our hearts.

Before the start of the Battle of Kursk, the Nazis decided to destroy the partisans who were operating behind their lines in the Bryansk forests. Almost an entire army with heavy artillery and tanks had to be withdrawn by the Nazis from the front and sent to the Bryansk forests, but everything was in vain, the partisan detachments continued to operate.

Kazakhstanis also fought in partisan detachments, shoulder to shoulder with Ukrainians, Belarusians, and Russians.

One of them - Zhakhansha Keldybaev. Heavily wounded, he was captured by the Nazis, and six months later he managed to escape from captivity. Finding himself behind enemy lines, Keldybaev organized a partisan group with which he made forays against the Nazis. The Nazis nicknamed him “the terrible Mongol” and were so afraid of meeting him that the nickname alone was enough to send the Nazis into a stampede.

During combat operations, partisans were often helped by surprise, determination and ingenuity.

Our fellow countryman - Kasym Kaysenov- was sent on a special mission to Ukraine and fought in the partisan formation of the famous hero of the Patriotic War S.A. Kovpaka. The four of us, together with his comrades, once went on reconnaissance. The messenger warned that four fascists were sitting in the school building. The partisans decided to take them prisoner.

The forces were equal: four punishers and four of ours. Near the school, two partisans remained on the street, and Kasym Kaysenov and his friend entered the room. The school was quiet, only voices could be heard from the back room. It became clear that the messenger was mistaken, and there were not four Krauts in the school, but many more. But it was too late to retreat. The partisans jerked the door open and commanded: “Hands up!” You are surrounded by partisans! Give up!" The Nazis meekly raised their hands and allowed themselves to be tied up. So two partisans captured an entire platoon of punitive forces.

Among the Kazakhstanis, participants in the partisan movement also included Adi Sharipov, Zhumagali Sain, Satymbek Tuleshev and many others.

After the war, Kasym Kaysenov and Adi Sharipov became writers, and Zhumagali Sain became a poet, and devoted many of their works to the events of those years, telling about the people's avengers, about their merciless struggle against the fascist invaders.

When the mass retreat of Nazi troops began, the partisans were already a formidable and powerful force, and helped the advanced units of the Soviet Army finish off the Nazis.

Under the blows of our troops, the Nazis hastily retreated to the west.

The year was 1945. The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against the fascist invaders was coming to an end.

Having driven the enemy out of their native land, Soviet soldiers liberated all of Europe from the occupiers. But for a complete victory over the Nazis it was necessary to take the capital of Germany - the city of Berlin.

And so, in April 1945, the battle for Berlin began. Three Soviet fronts broke through the fascist defenses. Three Soviet marshals: Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov, Ivan Stepanovich Konev, Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky - led the actions of these fronts. Stubborn street fighting ensued. The Nazis desperately resisted, but nothing could stop the victorious pressure of the Soviet troops.

The hottest battles took place near the Reichstag, the main government building in Germany. Among those units that stormed the Reichstag was the 150th Infantry Division. At the height of the battle, the fighters of this division - Sergeant Mikhail Egorov and Junior Sergeant Militon Kantaria - were tasked with raising the division's battle flag over the Reichstag. The fighters managed to make their way to the very top of the building, climb the glass dome and hoist the Victory Banner.

And when the attack on the Reichstag became massive, the enemy could not stand it and retreated. Soviet regiments and battalions, having broken through to the Reichstag building, placed their banners on the columns, among them was the flag raised by the Kazakh- Rakhimzhan Koshkarbaev.

Several days passed, and the fascist generals admitted their complete defeat. On May 8, 1945, they signed an act of unconditional surrender.

On May 9, the Victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany was announced to the whole world. This day became VICTORY DAY.

60 years is a whole life...

But no matter how many years have passed, we, living today, do not have the right to forget the horrors of that war, so that they do not happen again. We have no right to forget those soldiers who died for peace on Earth.

"Childhood scorched by war"

(Story hour)

In our opinion, an interesting form of working with primary school students would be Story hour, which will allow children to be introduced to one or more works on any topic, using alternately oral storytelling and reading literary passages.

1941 War. It was a difficult and terrible time. Cities collapsed, villages burned, people died.

The war brought a lot of suffering and grief, but it was hardest for the children. They had to become adults too early, too much weight fell on the weak children's shoulders. The boys and girls of that bitter time, along with adults, bore the hardships of war, replacing their fathers and older brothers who went to the front in the rear, went on reconnaissance in partisan detachments and even fought with weapons in their hands.

The writer spoke about the fate of a Kazakh boy who found himself on Ukrainian soil occupied by the Nazis and fought for a long time in a partisan detachment. Kasym Kaysenov in the story "A boy behind enemy lines." Kasym Kaysenov himself was sent on a special assignment to Ukraine, to the partisan unit of the famous hero of the Patriotic War S.A. Kovpak, where he met Serik Mergenbaev.

The story about a ten-year-old partisan is a story about the fate of an entire generation of children who experienced a “war childhood.”

Many of them were orphaned by the war, just as it orphaned Serik...

“Serik ran with all his strength. Some of the planes, leaving a burning, destroyed train, appear over the field. And now women and children, struck by machine-gun fire, are falling. Zhamal stumbles, and both he and Serik fly into some hole.

- Serik? – asks Zhamal. “Are you alive?!” Why are you silent?!

Stunned by the fall, Serik cannot utter a word. He looks with fear into his mother’s pale face. Her eyes seemed scary to the boy. They continually turn to the smoky and rumbling sky.

- I'm alive, mom! - Serik shouts. - Let's get out of here... Planes are flying again!

Zhamal gets up, takes an uncertain step and suddenly falls, spreading his arms wide.

- Mother! - Serik shouts. - Mother!

Zhamal tries to get up, but falls again. And then Serik notices a quickly spreading scarlet spot on his mother’s chest... Death overtook the young woman, and Serik stood and could not understand what to do.

- Mother! - he repeated. “Mom, get up.”

There was no limit to the atrocities of the fascists. In the occupied territories, they established their own rules, shot and hanged civilians for the slightest offense, on suspicion of connections with partisans, for appearing on the street at the wrong time, and most often, just like that, without any guilt. When killing, the Nazis did not spare children. But nothing could break or intimidate the young heroes. This is how eleven-year-old Misha Gaman, Serik’s acquaintance, died.

“The gendarmes interrogated those arrested and driven from all the villages. They also interrogated Misha, hoping with his help to get on the trail of the underground, Misha was silent. He saw the cruel tortures that the Nazis subjected Soviet patriots to, but they did not evoke fear in his little heart, but gave birth to determination and a desire to imitate the heroes, to be at least a little like them. Misha was beaten..."

Miraculously, the boy managed to escape.

“Misha sneaked like a cat from the barn into the garden and ran to the forest located not far from the village. He hoped to meet the partisans there, about whom the Germans were always talking.

But the gendarmes discovered his disappearance too quickly and rushed on the trail. Misha had almost reached the forest when he noticed the chase. The gendarmes chased him on a motorcycle. The boy accelerated his run, and the green crowns of the pine trees were already preparing to cover the fugitive, when a shot was heard from behind. It was the enemies, fearing that the boy would hide from them in the forest, who sent a fatal bullet after him. Something pushed the boy painfully in the back, and he fell. But he jumped up in the heat of the moment, rushed to the pine tree and hugged it with his weakening arms. After catching his breath, he tried to run again. Having taken a few steps forward, the boy felt very weak, then he saw blood on his body... Then everything grew dim before his eyes, and the clear sunny day that he had seen a few moments ago was replaced by a dark, endless night for him.

…The Germans overtook the already dead Misha. He lay face down on the dusty grass, his arms spread wide, clenched into small sharp fists.”

While in a partisan detachment, the guys fought along with adults, were messengers, went on reconnaissance, obtaining the necessary information, and sometimes could provide invaluable assistance, passing unnoticed where an adult could not pass. Serik also helped out his squad more than once.

“The boy did not notice how he turned away from the path he needed, and only came to his senses when the horse carried him to the edge of the forest. A village could be seen in the distance. Serik recognized him - it was Grigorovka - and realized that he was going in the completely wrong direction. And what he saw next scared the boy terribly.

A column of soldiers dressed in black and green was moving from the village towards a small forest. Serik had been in reconnaissance with experienced partisans and therefore easily understood what was happening. Soldiers and gendarmes were walking into the forest. Without thinking for a long time, he galloped back to the partisans at full speed.

- Where is the commander? - Serik shouted from afar

- Why do you need him? – one of the partisans calmly asked. - Get off your horse. How is it in the camp?

“There’s no time to talk,” Serik said seriously. - We need a commander. The Germans are approaching from that direction...

Serik ran up to the commander. He motioned for him to follow him and quickly walked towards a small group of partisans lined up at the edge of the forest. Soon the partisans disappeared into the forest. Following the first, the second column moved. She headed towards the camp to prevent the punitive attack on the defenseless partisan base.”

This is how the boy Serik and his peers fought for Victory. At that time they were ten to eleven years old, but in a difficult time for the Motherland, they grew up at once and did everything they could. The greatest love for their people and the greatest hatred for the enemy called the boys and girls of the fiery forties to defend the Motherland.

“No one is forgotten. Nothing is forgotten..."- let this wonderful tradition of our people become a tradition in your life, guys. Our duty is not to forget those to whom we owe today’s peaceful day, to try to be like them.

"The Thread that Connects Time"

(historical educational game-quiz for students in grades 5-6)

This event is the final event after a conversation, a review of books in the series “Grandfather’s Medals”, “Hero Cities”, and children’s independent reading of literature about the Great Patriotic War.

Target- using a game form, stimulate readers’ interest in literature on military topics, the desire to learn more about the events of that period, strengthen in children the feelings of respect and gratitude towards the participants of the Great Patriotic War.

Requisites: 26 tokens, 3 sets of plates red, yellow and

blue colors, 12 envelopes with questions.

Equipment: recording of a musical signal (from wartime songs) lasting 1 minute.

Rules of the game: 3 teams of 7-9 people each take part in the game. Before the start of the game, time is given to determine the team name and captain. A draw is carried out to determine the order in which the question is selected.

Leading: Hello guys! We have gathered in this hall to once again remember the events of the Great Patriotic War, test our knowledge and rejoice for those who will become winners, and there will be no losers because when a person learns something new, he is never a loser .

Now I will introduce you to the rules of the game. In front of you are 12 envelopes with questions. For each question there are 3 possible answers: the first option is red, the second is yellow, the third is blue. Your task is to determine the correct answer within 1 minute, during which the sound signal will sound, and at the end of the sound signal, the captain will raise a sign of the corresponding color. After that I will show you the correct option. For each correct answer you are awarded a token. The winner of the game will be determined by counting the tokens.

The order of teams to select a question was determined by drawing lots.

So let's get started.

1 question: How many cities in the former Soviet Union received the title of hero cities?

Red - 14

Yellow - 12

Blue - 13

Question 2: In the summer of 1942, the Nazis reached the Volga and launched an offensive in the south to capture the Caucasus. Caucasus! In the plans of the Nazis, it occupied a special place - it included oil, copper, and manganese. What Nazi Germany lacked so much. In addition, by capturing the Caucasus and its port cities, the Nazis would have deprived the Soviet Black Sea Fleet of coastal bases. The Nazi command gave the plan to seize the Caucasus a name:

Red - "Bagration"

Yellow - "Edelweiss"

Blue - "Tsunami"

Question 3:

Red - sniper

Yellow - radio operator

Blue - sapper

Question 4:“Typhoon” is how the Nazis called the operation to take:

Krasny-Sevastopol

Yellow - Leningrad

Blue - Moscow

Question 5: The German General Staff and Hitler himself liked to choose different names for their military plans. The plan to capture Poland was called "Weiss" ("White"), France, Holland and Belgium - "Gelb" ("Yellow")... For the plan of war against the Soviet Union, the fascist military leaders chose the nickname of the ferocious German

Emperor Frederick 1 Barbarossa.

Poland was captured by the Nazis in 35 days, Denmark in 1 day, Holland in 6, Belgium in 18, France resisted for 44 days.

What was the deadline for the Barbarossa plan to capture our entire country?

Red - 1 year

Yellow - 5 months.

Blue - 8 months

Question 6: What is the number of the division commanded by our fellow countryman, General Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov:

Red - 316

Yellow - 128

Blue - 513

Question 7: This battle lasted 200 days and nights. She put an end to the myth of the invincibility of Hitler's army. 330 thousand German soldiers under the command of Field Marshal Paulus were forced to surrender. The whole world saw that the Soviet people were able to defeat the fascist invaders. Three days of mourning were declared throughout Germany. This:

Red - Battle of Moscow

Yellow - Battle of Kursk

Blue - Battle of Stalingrad

Question 8: One of the medals of the Great Patriotic War depicts soldiers with rifles going into the attack under an unfurled banner. Airplanes are flying above them, and tanks are rushing to the side. Embossed along the edge of the medal:

Red - “For the defense of Moscow”

Yellow - “For the defense of Stalingrad”

Blue - “For the defense of the Caucasus”

Question 9: There were 28 of them. 28 of our fellow Kazakhs, Panfilov’s heroes. There are 50 enemy tanks against them. Almost all of them died the death of the brave, but did not retreat. The fiery words of the company political instructor V.G., who led this battle, were heard throughout the country. Klochkova: “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat, Moscow is behind us!” It happened:

Red - At the Dubosekovo crossing

Yellow - On Mamayev Kurgan

Blue - On the Kursk Bulge

Question 10: When starting their attack on Leningrad, the Nazis were so confident of an imminent victory that they pre-distributed palaces and the best buildings in the city among their generals and officers. In fierce battles, the Nazis managed to push back our troops and move forward. The city was surrounded by siege, but the enemy was unable to enter it. The siege of Leningrad lasted:

Red - 600 days

Yellow - 800 days

Blue - 900 days

Question 11: On one of the streets of the city of Nevel, on a high granite pedestal, stands a girl in a soldier’s tunic. Next to the forward-looking figure is a heavy machine gun. This is a monument to the glorious daughter of the Kazakh people, a brave machine gunner, the first girl from the east to be awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union:

Red - Manshuk Mametova

Yellow - Aliye Moldagulova

Blue - Khivaz Dospanova

Question 12: Having taken Leningrad into a blockade ring, the Nazis rained down an avalanche of fire on it. Day and night the Nazis bombed the peaceful city. Bombings and shelling destroyed residential areas, hunger and cold claimed thousands of lives, people died from weakness in the streets, the survivors did not have the strength to bury the dead, but the city continued to fight. Exhausted, sick people

they stood at the machines and worked (the city needed shells for defense), wrote poems and books, the children continued to study... The courage of Leningraders was sung by a Kazakh poet in his poem:

Krasny - Abay Kunanbaev

Yellow - Olzhas Suleimenov

Blue - Dzhambul Dzhabayev

"Living memory of generations

(Text quiz d For students in grades 5 – 7)

Dear Guys!

On September 1, 1939, at 4:45 a.m., without a declaration of war, on Hitler's orders, German troops crossed the Polish border, and an hour later their planes bombed Warsaw. The Wehrmacht began implementing the Weiss plan.

On September 3, the governments of England and France, linked to Poland by a mutual assistance pact, declared war on Germany.

This is how the Second World War entered planet Earth. which lasted six years...

On June 22, 1941, Germany attacked the USSR. The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people began.

We, the living children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren of the participants in those events, do not have the right to forget those soldiers who died so that we could live now. We must remember everything...

Everything breathed such silence,

it seemed that the whole Earth was still sleeping.

Who knew that between peace and war

Just five minutes left!

Question 1: Even in ancient times, in the place where one of its tributaries, the small river Mukhavets, flows into the Western Bug, a fortress was built on gentle hills covered with dense thickets of bushes. The city is a fortress, a constant object of struggle between three strong states - Russian, Polish and Lithuanian, at the junction of which it was located...

After the Patriotic War of 1912, Russian Tsar Alexander I decided to turn this fortress into one of the main strongholds of the Russian army in the western regions of the country.

IN about the time of the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945. The heroism of the defenders of this fortress became a symbol of the unparalleled fortitude of the Soviet people.

Among the defenders of this fortress there were many Kazakhstanis: Kh. Sadykov, Sh. Chulturov, M. Niyazov, K. Imankulov, A. Shapakov and many others. Name this crepos

// Brest Fortress.// In 1965, awarded the title “Fortress Hero” with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal

Question 2: Siege Leningrad. Endless 900 days, each of which is marked by a feat, each of which is a lesson in courage.

The Nazis managed to encircle Leningrad so that the city's residents would die of hunger and cold. Only one road connected the blocked city with the mainland. This road went along the water, along Lake Ladoga. What was the name of this legendary road?

// The road of life //

Question 3: The Nazis prepared the offensive in the Moscow direction as a “general”, decisive one. For a crushing blow to the Soviet troops standing on the way to Moscow, the German command concentrated one million eight hundred soldiers, more than fourteen thousand guns and mortars, one thousand seven hundred tanks, one thousand three hundred and ninety aircraft.

The German command gave the operation to capture Moscow a code name. What was the name of this operation??

// Typhoon //

Question 4: The Battle of Moscow is the brightest page in the history of the Great Patriotic War. Here, for the first time, the myth of the invincibility of Hitler’s military machine, which had crushed the floor of Europe and had never known defeat before, was debunked. Representatives of all Soviet republics, including Kazakhstan, stood up to defend the capital. It was then that the brotherhood of the Soviet people, cemented on the battlefields, clearly manifested itself.

At the legendary Dubosekovo crossing on November 16, 1941, 28 heroes - Panfilov’s men, our fellow countrymen - fought to defend Moscow. The glorious sons of our people blocked the way for 50 fascist tanks.

Your way through the machine-gun hail

punchy,

Our division is dear

Eighth

Formidable and fearless in battle!

S. Mikhalkov

"Song of the Eighth Guards Division."

What is the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union, the political instructor of Panfilov's 316th Infantry Division, who led the battle of a group of fighters at the Dubosekovo crossing, who uttered the historical words: “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat: Moscow is behind us!”

// Vasily Georgievich Klochkov //

Question 5: In the middle of the summer of 1942, the historical Battle of Stalingrad began, which lasted more than six months.

In street battles and in the skies of Stalingrad, Soviet soldiers showed soldierly valor and self-sacrifice in the name of the Motherland. The city was turned into a pile of ruins, hundreds of thousands of people died, but the enemy was stopped.

The things of the Battle of Stalingrad are hot

Stretched into eternity with a bloody glow,

And, sensing death, the enemy fled from us,

Driven back by our right weapon.

A. Tvardovsky “Retribution”

There is a house on the main square of the city. The memory of those long-ago war days... This house was a stronghold in the city’s defense system - the entire area was shot through from its windows. Considering the strategic importance of the object, several Soviet soldiers, led by a sergeant, recaptured the Germans and held this four-story building for 3 days.

Before the war, few people knew this house - only those who lived in it. Now this house is famous. House of Soldiers' Friendship! What is another name for this house?

// Pavlov's House //

Question 6: On December 19, 1942, the pilot, carrying out an order for a bombing and assault raid on a heavily fortified enemy line and a large concentration of tanks in the Bokovskaya - Ponomarevka area, in the battles of Stalingrad, showed exceptional courage and heroism.

One after another, the enemy anti-aircraft batteries were disabled, but one of the enemy shells hit the engine and the plane caught fire.

The pilot, a faithful son of the Kazakh people, a true patriot of the Motherland, repeated the feat of Captain Gastello, sending his plane into the thick of enemy tanks and dying with his crew.

On March 31, 1943, he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. What is the name of this pilot?

// Nurken Abdirov //

Question 7: In the days of terrible battles and peaceful labor

My Fatherland was famous for its heroes,

But they are written in a special line

In history, the heroes are cities.

This city was the Northern Naval Base, and Allied caravans passed through it. These raids were difficult. The British Admiralty guarded the convoys from Iceland to the 20th meridian. Further security was provided by the Northern Fleet.

In 1944, the Pravda newspaper wrote: “The heroic defense of the Arctic will go down in the history of our people as one of the brightest, most memorable pages. Here the enemy was stopped in the fall of 1941. Throughout the war, the enemy did not manage to cross the line of our state border.”

On December 5, 1944, the Medal “For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic” was established, and on May 6, 1985, the city was awarded the honorary title “Hero City”. Name this city.

// Murmansk //

Question 8: We value the names and military deeds of our pilots who showed courage and heroism in the Great Patriotic War. Three times Hero of the Soviet Union A. Pokryshkin, Twice Hero of the Soviet Union T. Begeldinov, L. Beda, S. Lugansky, I. Pavlov, Hero of the Soviet Union N. Abdirov... Women also took part in the battle along with men. .

The pilots of the legendary women's 46th air regiment under the command of Hero of the Soviet Union Marina Raskova terrified the Nazis, for which the Germans called them “Night Witches.”

Our fellow countrywoman from Uralsk also served in this air regiment, whose chest is decorated with two Orders of the Patriotic War, the Order of the Red Star and many medals for great services to the Motherland.

For the courage and heroism shown in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, she was awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title " Halyk Kakarmany»Name a female attack aircraft pilot who, during her combat career from private to senior lieutenant, made about 400 sorties on combat missions.?

// Khivaz Dospanova.//

Question 9: Today's youth learn about many of the events of those terrible years from the books of writers who themselves were participants in the war.

Name the Kazakh writers who participated in the partisan movement in the Great Patriotic War.

// K. Kaysenov, A. Sharipov //

Question 10: The monument to this hero is located in the center of Velikie Luki, on the left bank of the Lovat River, on the square bearing his name. The monument is a bronze sculpture; a soldier in a sheepskin coat with a machine gun in his hand froze before the last decisive throw.

Covering the bunker embrasure with his chest, with the determination to sacrifice his own life for the sake of life on earth, he won the high right to immortality and the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Name a hero who accomplished an immortal feat.

// A. Matrosov //

Question 11: This brave pilot made his first flight to the North Pole, landing on an ice floe four brave winterers who organized the North Pole 1 station.

In 1934, among the seven pilots who saved the Chelyuskinites, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

During the Great Patriotic War, the aviation major general carried heavy airships to bomb the enemy's distant rear areas. What is the name of this legendary pilot?

// Mikhail Vasilievich Vodopyanov//

Question 12: In June 1942, I.V. Stalin established six new orders and medals to reward the middle and senior command staff of the Red Army, named after outstanding commanders and naval commanders.

Name these orders and medals.

// Order and medal of Suvorov, orders of Kutuzov, Ushakov, Alexander Nevsky, Nakhimov, Bogdan Khmelnitsky.//

Question 13: May 9 is the Victory Day of our people in the Great Patriotic War, a day of joy and celebration, a day of immortal glory and blessed memory of heroes. One of the commanders-in-chief of the Soviet Union was instructed to announce the surrender of the Nazis in May 1945.

One of Alexander Tvardovsky’s poems contains the following lines:

The gray-haired soldier will tell his grandchildren

About this true story of our times,

Like him, a hero, and a marshal -----------

The Germans were driven out of Poland

If you answer this question correctly, you will be able to enter the name of this commander-in-chief.

// G.K Zhukov //

Question 14: Among the eleven thousand six hundred and three brave defenders of the Fatherland who were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for military exploits during the Great Patriotic War, there are also Kazakhstanis. How many Kazakhstanis were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union?

// More than 500 soldiers, sergeants and officers //

"They defended their homeland"

(Brain - ring for students in grades 8-9)

Previously, a book exhibition is arranged in the library, which presents literature to prepare for the game. A number of events are carried out: a conversation, a literature review.

To play you will need: envelopes with questions, watches, paper, pens, tokens and a gong.

4 teams of 6 people each with a captain are participating. Each team has its own name, slogan, emblem.

The game is played by the presenter and 2 assistants - the jury.

Rules of the game: The leader asks questions to the team players. The assistant records the time and when 5 seconds remain until the end of the minute, warns the players about this. Having answered the question, the players raise their answer sheets.

The second assistant reads out the commands' responses. The number of points is awarded depending on the completeness of the answer: For a correct, but not complete answer - 1 token; for an answer with additional information - 2 tokens; for a complete answer indicating the source - 3 tokens.

Today we will hold with you a brain-ring on a military theme.

I . This order was established by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 9, 1995

The base of the Order is made in the shape of an 8-pointed star made of polished silver. Four gilded shields covered with ruby ​​enamel are superimposed on the star: the shields symbolize the protection of the West and East, North and South of the Fatherland. In the center there is a silver and gilded medallion covered with blue enamel. In its upper part, along the circumference, there is a gilded inscription - the name and surname, and on the medallion itself there is a relief image of the marshal limited at the bottom by laurel and oak branches - signs of military glory and dignity.

Question: What is the name of the outstanding commander in whose honor this Order was issued?

// Order "Georgy Zhukov" //

II.

Boys, boys,

You were the first to rush into battle,

Boys, boys,

The country was obscured.

That's what the song says. That's how it really was. Warm hearts, full of love for the Motherland, led the children to fight fascism.

In 1942, partisan detachments began to appear in the German rear. In one of these detachments there was a fourteen-year-old teenager. After the Nazis hanged his mother in Minsk, on Freedom Square for communication with the partisans, the boy went to the partisans in the Stankovsky forest.

His name is similar to the name of the leader of the French Revolution. . There was no more dexterous scout in the detachment than him.

The young scout died in an unequal battle with the Nazis, blowing himself up with a grenade. This happened on May 11, 1944.

Question: Name a brave pioneer, Hero of the Soviet Union.

// Marat Kazei //

III . The battle in the area of ​​the Dubosekovo railway crossing went down in the history of the Great Patriotic War as a feat of 28 Panfilov heroes. The first to bear the blow of the enemy offensive in the Volokolamsk direction were the regiments of the 316th division under the command of Major General I.V. Panfilov.

Many books have been written about the heroic events of those days, the authors of which were the defenders of Moscow who were in the thick of the fighting.

Question: Name a writer who, with his works, wanted to erect a monument to comrades in arms who fought on the war fronts. There are two features in the work of this writer: he writes about events that actually happened before his eyes and about things that he knew for sure. He wrote such works as “The Story of One Night”, “The Image of a Warrior”, “Moscow is Behind Us”.

// Baurzhan Momyshuly //

IV . The noble essence of patriotism, its mass character with

revealed themselves with extraordinary force during the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War. For heroic deeds during the war, 11 thousand 635 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (some of them posthumously), including 115 people who were awarded twice.

Question: Name the Kazakh pilots who were awarded the high title of twice Hero of the Soviet Union.

// Fighter pilot Sergei Lugansky, attack aircraft pilot

Talgat Begeldinov, Leonid Beda, Ivan Pavlov.//

V . A monument to this heroic crew is erected on the hill

to the right of the Minsk-Vilnius road near the Radoshkovichi district. It is a 10-meter inclined stele, which is crowned with a bust of a pilot engulfed in flames, directed downwards. The stele is mounted on the tip of a triangular slab, on which are stylized airplane wings with the names of the heroic crew members carved on them.

Question: To whom was this monument erected?

// A. Gastello //

VI . In Europe there were about 50 thousands of Soviet partisans. Far from their homeland, in a foreign country, with a language incomprehensible to them, they personified its authority and power, their behavior was distinguished by respect for local customs, organization and courage.

Question: Name the name of a famous Almaty citizen, former commander of the partisan movement, and now a writer, awarded the Order of “Partisan of Czechoslovakia”.

//Kasim Kaysenov //.

VII . On Malaya Zemlya people fought who knew no fear. People with an iron will. They firmly believed in victory over the enemy. Malaya Zemlya fought for seven months. Soldiers and sailors of the Eighteenth Airborne Army cleared Novorossiysk of the enemy.

In the center of the city, on Heroes Square, there is a majestic monument with the names of the heroes of Malaya Zemlya.

Question: What are the names of the Heroes of the Soviet Union, the Black Sea sailors who died a brave death in the battles for the liberation of Novorossiysk?

// Caesar Kunikov and Nikolai Sipyagin //

VIII . D Special aviation units were allocated to communicate with the partisans. To fly at night across the front line, to find an appointed place among a huge forest, to accurately drop the cargo - this required a lot of experience and high qualifications.

Question: Name the Hero of the Soviet Union, a female pilot who commanded an air regiment in connection with the partisans?

// Valentina Grizodubova //

IX . Which heroine of the poem M. Aliger owns the words:

“Citizens, don’t stand, don’t look,

Kill them, poison them, burn them,

I will die, but the truth will win!

// Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya //

X . Which Kazakh citizen personally shot down 37 and 6 enemy aircraft in group battles?

//Sergey Lugansky //

XI . There were 87 women among the wartime Heroes of the Soviet Union. Among them are two women of the East.

Remember them.

// Aliya Moldagulova and Manshuk Mametova //

XII . What military specialty did Hero of the Soviet Union Aliya Moldagulova have?

// Sniper of the 54th Rifle Brigade //

XIII . Private of the Grodno Red Banner Regiment, being

wounded in both arms, he rushed at the enemy machine gun and stopped the fire with his body, sacrificing himself in the name of completing the combat mission. Question: Name the Hero of the Soviet Union who repeated the feat of Alexander Matrosov?

//Agadil Sukhambayev //

XIV . Many front-line soldiers have notebooks from the war. In the moments of short calm before the battles, words about the most exciting and important of everyday combat were written on paper. These notebooks, stories from fighting friends, helped the Hero of the Soviet Union, holder of the title "Challahқ Kaһ armands» General of the Army, First Minister of Defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan write books: “Facing the Fire”, “My Leading Edge”.

Question: Say his name.

// Sagadat Nurmagambetov //

XV . Soviet pilot, three times Hero of the Soviet Union, general-colonel of aviation. In his homeland, in the village of Obrazheevka, Sumy region, in Ukraine, a bronze bust of him was installed.

During the war, he flew 330 combat missions, participated in 120 air battles, and personally shot down 62 enemy aircraft.

“Loyalty to the Fatherland. Stories of a Fighter Pilot.

Question: Name this pilot?

// Ivan Nikolaevich Kozhedub //

XVI . The song taught me freedom

Song of the fighter to die for me

orders

My life rang like a song

people,

My death is a song of struggle

will sound.

The poet-warrior, seriously wounded in a fascist concentration camp, continues to fight with his poems, which were the spiritual food of prisoners of war, awakened the soldier’s civic sense, and strengthened faith in freedom. Listening to the poems of this poet, people cried and clenched their fists.

Question: What is the name of the poet?

// Musa Jalil //

XVII . Paul Siebert was one of the Soviet intelligence officers. Under this name he worked for the Nazis in the city of Rivne. He obtained important information from the Germans and passed it on to the partisans, and eliminated high fascist officials.

The Nazis identified him. The brave scout died in hand-to-hand combat.

Question : What is the real name of the Soviet intelligence officer?

// Nikolay Ivanovich Kuznetsov //

XVIII . The last step towards victory was the battle for Berlin. On April 25, the city was finally surrounded: Occupying houses with fighting, the soldiers of the Soviet Army advanced towards the city center.

In this operation, a platoon from the 674th regiment of the 150th Idritsa Rifle Division of the 3rd Shock Army of the 1st Belorussian Front particularly distinguished itself.

The soldiers of this platoon were the first to go on the attack after the artillery assault on the Reichstag. Only at 6:30 pm the storming forces broke through and hoisted the victory flag at the entrance to the Reichstag.

Question: Name the Kazakh lieutenant who was the first to hoist the victory flag at the entrance to the Reichstag.

// Rakhim Koshkarbaev - for the courage and heroism shown in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, he was awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title " Challahқ Kaһ armands"(posthumously).

"Bogatyrs of the Winged Guard"

(Oral journal for students in grades 8-9)

The event is dedicated to the military pilots of Kazakhstan: Khivaz

Dospanova, twice Hero of the Soviet Union S.D. Lugansky,

T.Ya.Begeldinov.

Oral journal pages:

Above the front line

Starry sky of Talgat.

The female face of war.

Let those we do not know remember:

Fear and meanness did not suit us.

We drank life to the dregs and died

For this life, without bowing to lead.

The sky has always attracted man. The dream gave birth to a legend: we know the exciting myth of Daedalus and Icarus - father and son, who were able to fly into the sky with the help of wings made from bird feathers held together with wax. Intoxicated by height, Icarus rose too high, the sun melted the wax and he fell into the sea.

So says the legend.

Height always remains the lot of strong, brave and courageous romantics.

The road to heaven begins on earth. And this road is not easy. The pilots are still on the ground... While they are still walking to their machines... But a minute or two will pass, and the crews will rise into the sky in order to complete the assigned task there, at an enormous height.

War is scary, but war in the air is even worse. There is nowhere to hide from the enemy's merciless bullets. Air combat is not only about fighting the enemy, but also about overcoming oneself.

The Motherland highly appreciated the combat skill and heroic exploits of Soviet aviators.

More than 200 thousand aviators received orders and medals. Two thousand four hundred and twenty combat pilots were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 65 pilots received this title twice. Among them are our Kazakhs: attack aircraft pilots T.Ya. Begeldinov, L.I. Beda, I.F. Pavlov, who made more than 200 successful missions and destroyed dozens of tanks, guns and hundreds of enemy soldiers, as well as fighter pilot S.D. Lugansky, who personally shot down 39 enemy aircraft in air battles. Among the pilot heroes there are many women, including the legendary pilot Khivaz Dospanova, who served in the 46th Women's Air Regiment under the command of Hero of the Soviet Union Marina Raskova.

Page 1: "Above the Front Line"

For eternal peace

to the last battle

Fly, steel squadron...

More than once, many of us have watched the feature film “Only Old Men Go to Battle.” They watched and admired the feats of arms and spiritual courage of the young and gray-haired pilots.

They thought it was a generalizing feature film. But it turns out that the film is based on true facts, deeds and people described in the book of the legendary military pilot Sergei Danilovich Lugansky “On Deep Turns”

Sergei Danilovich Lugansky was born and raised in a peasant family on the outskirts of Almaty on the street that now bears his name.

Being an energetic, playful and seeking person, Sergei was initially fond of gliding, and then, through a Komsomol ticket, went into aviation, becoming a fighter pilot. He fought in aviation fighter regiments, in battles during the conflict between the Soviet Union and Finland, and even then, he, a twenty-year-old warrior, showed the fighting qualities of a pilot.

These qualities - love for the Motherland, patriotism - were truly and fully manifested during the Great Patriotic War, in numerous battles with fascist invaders in the south of Ukraine, in the Battles of Stalingrad and Kursk, in the battles for the Dnieper, in the liberation of Poland and during the storming of Berlin .

In air battles, Sergei Lugansky personally shot down 39, and in group battles another 6 units of fascist vultures.

The first star of Hero of the Soviet Union S.D. Lugansky received for participation in heavy battles on the Oryol-Kursk Bulge.

Reader:“Concentrations of tanks, mechanized units and other troops were clearly visible from above. The Germans concentrated all this for the strike. The strike was preparing in the very near future.

Captain Lugansky put everything he noticed on the map and gave the order to his partner to turn back. The map had to be urgently delivered to headquarters.

Comrade commander, “Messers,” Lugansky heard.

Two German planes observed Lugansky's plane, but did not dare to attack him. They were alarmed by the diversity of the plane's cockpit: many stars on the fuselage, top-height letters of the dedicatory inscription - the captain flew in a car donated to him by the people of Almaty.

The enemies realized that this was not a newbie in front of them. On the fuselage of the enemy vehicle, Lugansky also saw a brightly drawn ace of spades: “This means an experienced beast, it has been fighting for a long time...”

While Lugansky was retracting the extended landing gear and preparing for battle, the enemy plane fell from above and fired a long machine-gun burst at the plane.

Lugansky decides to wear down the German with overloads.

The enemy accepts the challenge. Lugansky's plane turned out to be lighter and was soon hanging on the tail of the ace of spades. Taking aim, Lugansky fired the projectile directly at the Messerschmitt's magneto. The German slowed down and began to plan.

The “Ace of Spades” landed about three kilometers from the airfield. Soldiers arrived to the downed plane. The German got out of the cab and handed over the pistol.

The “Ace of Spades” turned out to be a broad-shouldered, strong guy of about twenty-eight. There were four crosses on his chest. He fought for a long time and managed to shoot down 70 planes, more than 30 of them Soviet. Before the enemy had time to receive the “Oak Leaves” for the Knight’s Cross from Hitler, he was shot down by Lugansky.

A few days later, good news came to the regiment - Sergei Lugansky was awarded the title of twice Hero of the Soviet Union.

In the hometown of the famous pilot S.D. There is a bronze bust of Lugansky. There are always flowers at the granite foot. It is his fellow countrymen who pay tribute to their glorious hero, about whose appearance in the sky Hitler’s surveillance service usually notified its pilots: “Akhtung! Akhtung! Lugansk is in the sky!

Page 2: “The Starry Sky of Talgat.”

It’s impossible not to remember this, comrade,

Friends served in the same squadron

And it was in their service and in their hearts

A huge sky - one for two.

Every year, fewer and fewer of those who won the long-awaited Victory in the Great Patriotic War remain with us. The contribution to the overall Victory of each participant in fiery battles is invaluable. But especially distinguished, covering his name with unfading glory, was the brave front-line pilot, participant in the 1945 Victory Parade, Hero of the Soviet Union, Aviation Major General Talgat Begeldinov, who will turn 83 this August.

Back in the distant year of fire in 1943, Talgat Begeldinov made his first combat mission and already near Bryansk, Kharkov, and on the Kursk Bulge, his plane terrified the enemy. 300 sorties, dozens of destroyed enemy armored vehicles, hundreds of destroyed invaders.

Since childhood, he dreamed of becoming a pilot; as a boy he loved to design model airplanes.

Before the war there was a slogan: “From a model to a glider, from a glider to an airplane.” Therefore, it is no coincidence that Talgat entered the flying club and learned to fly a U-2 there.

In 1940, the young pilot entered the Saratov Aviation School, then he went to the Chkalov Bomber School and, after graduating, was sent to the front ahead of schedule as an attack aircraft.

The “IL-2” on which Begeldinov flew was called by the Nazis

"Black Death". In 1942, Stalin signed an order awarding the title of Hero of the Soviet Union to attack aircraft pilot Talgat Begeldinov, who flew 18 combat missions on the Il-2.

Ace pilot Talgat Begeldinov made the largest number of sorties in the history of attack aviation during the war years - 305, for which he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the second time.

Reader: " During the assault on Berlin, the combat vehicle of twice Hero of the Soviet Union Talgat Begeldinov takes off first.

And here it is: the lair of the fascist beast is Berlin. How we dreamed of this truly historical moment. With what difficulty, at what cost! How many lives were given for him, a sea of ​​shed blood! But still they came. And the first one here is a Kazakh, the son of a Kazakh from a distant village on the shore of Lake Maibalyk, the grandson of the shepherd Begelda. He came, flew in to bring the monster buried in his basements to his knees, tie him up, put him in a cage. To bring down the fascist murder gangs he created into dust.

I will tell you about one of the battles, which was brilliantly carried out by Talgat Begeldinov’s squadron.

The task is set by the regiment commander. With him is the head of the corps’ operational department, Major Zakharov:

Objective: make your way to the center of Berlin, find barges with tanks on the Spree. They need to be sunk and the Germans not allowed to go into action.

Tanks are Hitler's own reserve. The task is clear.

Allow us to fly only with your squadron!

Why? – Zakharov was amazed.

There is less noise, and most importantly, losses.

Well, Begeldinov, do whatever is most convenient for you.

The anti-aircraft guns met the attack aircraft already in the city itself. The fire is continuous. But Talgat has experienced attack aircraft. You can’t take these aces so easily at gunpoint; Talgat is calm about them. And here they are - these barges, not one, but two and also a tug. Each barge has uncovered tanks. The stormtroopers launched an attack on the barges. Sunset, second, and the barges, torn apart by explosions, settle, tilt on board and, together with the tanks, Hitler’s last reserve, go to the bottom.”

After the war, Talgat Begeldinov graduated from the Air Force Academy, becoming an engineer-pilot, commander of units of the Air Force formation. He was a jet test pilot, which was very responsible and dangerous. Then the Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering and participation in the construction of such objects as the National Library, the Palace of the Republic, the Almaty Circus, and the Lisakovsky Mining and Metallurgical Combine.

Talgat Begeldinov lived a difficult life. He suffered severe trials and numerous injuries. His name became a symbol of courage and courage and is inscribed in golden letters in the annals of military history. He is the author of the books: “The Silts Attack”, “305 Raids”.

Today he is still young at heart, still in the ranks.

Page 3: “The female face of war.”

God bless!

After all, everything that was

That's all, it was - it was with me.

And the war didn't kill me,

Didn't kill me with a stray bullet.

Drunina Yu.

At the end of August 2005, the legendary 46th Women's Air Regiment under the command of Hero of the Soviet Union Marina Raskova will be 64 years old. In the entire history of the Second World War, this was the only Soviet air regiment that has no analogues in world practice. Khivaz Dospanova served in this very regiment. She could have died twice and even almost died, but fate would have it that way: Khivaz, like the Phoenix bird, survived.

Khivaz’s dream of becoming a pilot appeared at school, in her now distant native Uralsk.

“Well, daughter,” said the father, hugging Khivaz, who was waiting for her parents’ decision. There are many roads in front of you, follow any of them, they all lead to happiness.

Khivaz’s mother warmly hugged her, and a month later she was already a cadet at the Ural Aero Club.

The first disappointment was brought by a gray stationery envelope from the Air Force Academy. Zhukovsky, to which Khivaz applied with a request to enroll her as a student. The envelope contained a letter with a polite refusal.

And here she is - a student at the First Moscow Medical Institute. She is an excellent student in studies, the most active in social life, and does not lag behind in sports - one of the best gymnasts of the institute.

1941... War. Soon the girl learns that the legendary pilot Marina Raskova, Hero of the Soviet Union, is forming a women's aviation unit. Khivaz seeks a meeting with the pilot and successfully passes the selection. And so she enlisted in the women's aviation regiment of night bombers. Ahead were months of intense training in navigation on the ground and in the air.

In the spring of 1942, the long-awaited order came: the regiment was sent to the front. At that time, the young girl did not know that she would have to fly from Moscow to Naye - Brandenburg. And ahead is the path from private to senior lieutenant.

“Night witches” - this is what the fascist press wrote about our pilots on the U-2. At night they made up to 12 flights - they risked their lives 12 times. They arrive and can’t even get out of the cabin, they were pulled out. They couldn’t carry the tablet; they dragged it along the ground.

What is departure? This is anti-aircraft fire of all calibers, machine gun fire, enemy night fighters, searchlights, bad weather. They worked at extremely low altitudes, at low level flight, in U-2 aircraft, small, slow-moving, highly flammable and burning like matches. One direct hit is enough for it to burn in the air before reaching the ground.

After completing the mission, the plane remained on the ground for only a few minutes, and again - air! In these few minutes, it was necessary to attach 4 bombs to the car - manually. Four bombs - four hundred kilograms.

She wore a leather jacket, trousers, a tunic and a blouse made from a parachute throughout the war.

What do you remember about Khivaz? American boots, size 42: I put them on and took them off without unlacing them, straight through the tops, heavy….

In the spring of 1943, Kuban and the Taman Peninsula were liberated. The German air defense system was well organized on the Taman Peninsula. The crews of the “night lights” had to be extremely careful and took off with the navigation lights turned off.

On one of these nights, Dospanova’s crew was returning from a combat mission. She saw the beam of the led beacon and barely noticeable landing signs.

Julia, I see the beam of the lighthouse,” Khivaz conveyed to her partner, “I see...

Hiwaz didn’t remember anything else. I woke up in the hospital...

In the morning it became known that two planes collided while approaching the turn. One was Yulia Pashkova with Khivaz, the other was Polina Makagon with Liza Svistunova.

Of the four pilots, only Khivaz miraculously survived. For many days and nights, doctors fought for her life. The girl's femurs in both legs were crushed. When gangrene began and the question of amputation of the legs arose, the chief surgeon of the hospital said: “No! They will be useful to her if she manages to survive!”

And Khivaz literally rose from the dead. Three months later she returned to the regiment.

In the regiment Khivaz was called Katya, Katenka, Katyusha, and after returning from the hospital she began to call her the Phoenix bird.

Reader:“Here is one of the episodes of the legendary pilot’s combat operations during the battles for the Caucasus.

The women's air regiment then acted against a large group in the Mozdok area. On one frosty night, Khivaz and her pilot Polina Belkina received the task of bombing enemy equipment and manpower in this area. The girls flew to the Terek without incident, but as soon as they crossed the river, the enemy bristled with thousands of fiery spears. The paths of bullets and shells stretched towards the plane, but the experienced pilot managed to take the car out of the fire and went straight to the target. Having carefully calculated, Khivaz began bombing. The task was completed. At the very outskirts of the city, Khivaz noticed a vaguely visible German convoy:

Turn around. Let’s fire.” Khivaz shouted to Polina.

The plane tilted and rushed down, rushing over the column. The machine gun trembled in Khivaz’s hands, violently throwing out cartridges.

One more time!.- shouted Khivaz..

When the friends returned to the airfield, the technicians discovered many holes in the fuselage and on the wings of the aircraft."

On the night of May 4–5, the regiment was ordered to bomb a concentration of enemy troops in the Swinemünde area, on the shores of the Baltic Sea. These were the last flights. On the evening of May 8, the pilots learned that the war was over...

Hero of the Soviet Union Marina Pavlovna Chechneva wrote about the military exploits of Khivaz Dospanova during the Great Patriotic War in her books “The Sky Remains Ours” and “My Fighting Friends.”

“To the dear navigator” in memory of our military youth,” with such a sincere signature, Khivaz Dospanova gave her book “Night Witches” to Hero of the Soviet Union Raisa Ermolaevna Aronova.

In 1963, the book “Khalkym Ushin” (For Courage), written by Khivaz Dospanova, was published; it became a bibliographic rarity.

You look at the fragile woman now, and you can’t believe that she flew planes, dropped a deadly load of bombs, and did the difficult and terrible work of war along with men. During her combat career she made about 400 missions. How did you stand it?! But it was so, as evidenced by two Orders of the Patriotic War, the Order of the Red Star and many medals. By decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Khivaz Dospanova was awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title “ HalykKaharmany»

At the front the song did not stop

(Literary and musical hour for students in grades 7-9)

To hold the event, prepare audio and video equipment, sound recordings, videotapes with the feature films “Dzhambul”, “Russian Soldier”, “Only Old Men Go to Battle”.

Presenter (1): Every year on May 9 we celebrate Victory Day, the day of the liberation of our Motherland from fascist invaders. But this victory was not easy. Many did not return home. Many died heroically. But they are alive in our hearts, in our memory. In memory of them, the eternal flame was lit and will always burn.

Presenter (2): Many books have been written, films have been made, and songs have been composed about the heroes and events of the Great Patriotic War. A song as a relic, as a historical document, preserves the breath of the era, helps us hear, feel, understand and realize the greatness of the labor and military feat of our people.

Presenter(1): Songs of the war years can rightly be called the musical chronicle of the Great Patriotic War. They sounded literally from the first to the last day of the war. Songs were born at the front and in the rear, roused the soldiers to attack, warmed the hearts at rest stops, helped to withstand, survive and wait for loved ones for those who remained at the machines and in the field. Enclosed in soldiers' triangles and other homemade envelopes, they were sent from the front to the rear and back, passed on by word of mouth.

Presenter(2) : At noon on June 22, the radio brought terrible news: at 4 o’clock in the morning, the fascist invaders treacherously, violating the Non-Aggression Pact, invaded our lands. And immediately after this message came:

Reader: Horses fly by and along a rocky road,

The vanguard stood up in his stirrups,

And cavalrymen in squadrons,

Pulling the reins, they fly into battle.

Presenter(1) : So from the first day the song stood up for the defense of the Fatherland. The created Lebedev - Kumach and A. Alexandrov “Holy War”:

Get up, huge country,

Get up for mortal combat...

The soundtrack of the song is playing

Presenter(2) : This song is also called a memorial song. This truly great song is a vivid example of the participation of art in a nationwide battle with the enemy.

On the sixth day of the war, this song was heard at the Belorussky station, from where the trains were leaving for the front.

Presenter(1) : However, the very first song of the war turned out to be "Song brave", which the poet A. Surkov, leaving for the front, he left at the editorial office of Pravda on June 22.

Reader: Black clouds are creeping in,

Lightning flashes in the sky.

In a cloud of flying dust

The trumpets are sounding alarm...

Song-winged bird

The brave ones are invited to go on a hike.

The bullet is afraid of the brave,

The bayonet does not take the brave.

Presenter(2) : The songs were born in a front-line situation. The song expressed the mood of the soldiers, their feelings, thoughts, and they sang it with pleasure, and their faces were no longer so tired, and they marched dashingly, as if there had not been a heavy, bloody battle an hour ago. Different songs were needed - both drill and lyrical. The soldiers willingly sang both songs.

Presenter(1): Each soldier kept a notebook with the words of songs in the inner pocket of his tunic, next to the soldier’s book and photographs of loved ones. In moments of rest, at a rest stop, the song helped the soldiers to rest, relax, and remember their relatives and home. And in difficult moments, gather strength, gain perseverance and determination. And very often (you might have seen this in films about the war) people who are being led to execution, to be shot, sing a stern, decisive song. A song at this tragic moment helps a person not to flinch, not to cry, not to scream, but to bravely face the inevitable...

Presenter(2): From the first days of the war, several songs were born, among them “Farewell song” by M. Isakovsky, and in the rear the song took root M. Blantera: “Goodbye, cities and huts, the long road is calling us”

Presenter(1): A lot of songs were born about the city - the hero of Brest. Fyodor Germanenko wrote it in blood with a match and candlelight. When the Nazis began to throw grenades into the basement where the defenders of the fortress were located in order to save the song, Fyodor put the text in an oil can and threw it through the window onto the parade ground, where it was found many years later. It was sung to the tune of "Varyag".

Screening of a fragment from the film “Russian Soldier” based on the story “Not on the Lists” by Boris Vasiliev. This film is about a young lieutenant who fought against the Nazis for six months in the ruins of the Brest Fortress.)

Presenter(2): The most critical stages of the war are reflected in the song. The battle of Moscow gave birth to such popular and appealing songs as “Song of the Defenders of Moscow” by A. Surkov and B. Mokrousov:

We will not flinch in battle

For your capital

Our dear Moscow is dear to us!

An unbreakable steel defense wall

Let's defeat, destroy the enemy! “My Dear Capital” by M. Lisyansky and I. Dunaevsky:

And the enemy will never achieve

So that your head bows,

My dear capital,

My golden Moscow!

Presenter(1): No less heroic songs were created in Leningrad and near Leningrad and during its siege. “The Road of Life” - glorified by the song "Ladoga".

Presenter(2): Working in the port, composer V. Soloviev – Gray-haired and poet A. Churkin We saw ships leaving the shore. And a song was born "Evening at the roadstead."

Presenter(1):D. D. Shostakovich- a great composer. The author of 15 symphonies, operas, and film scores created during the siege of Leningrad - the Seventh Symphony - "Leningradskaya".

Presenter(2): During the war, the Nazis surrounded Leningrad with a blockade ring. There was no food or fuel in the city. The enemy knew that people in the city were weakening and dying. “Soon the strength of the Leningraders will dry up and, without meeting resistance, we will enter the city,” they thought. The date of the celebration was set - August 9, 1942. But, resisting hunger, cold, bombing, exhausted people did not leave machine tools The radio was working. And everyone the day the music of Bach, Beethoven, Tchaikovsky sounded.

Presenter(1): August 9th arrived. But this day was not the day of triumph for the enemies. This day became a celebration of great music. From besieged Leningrad the Seventh Symphony of D.D. sounded to the whole world. Shostakovich. The composer dedicated his symphony to Leningrad. The composer began working on it during the days of the siege. Later, all newspapers and magazines will print a photograph of Shostakovich in a canvas jacket and fireman’s helmet - during the bombing, he and a friend climbed onto the roofs. It was difficult to gather the musicians. Many died of hunger, others, having difficulty moving from weakness, came to the rehearsal.

The concert was broadcast on the radio. They say that after the war, to the conductor Karl Ilyich Eliasberg, who was conducting the orchestra that day, a tourist from Germany contacted me. “I was among the soldiers besieging Leningrad,” this man said. - We constantly listened to your broadcasts on the radio. And even then I realized that such people cannot be defeated! Then I surrendered."

The Seventh Symphony is often compared to a historical “chronicle”, “a document about the Great Patriotic War”. It showed the struggle of two worlds: good and evil, the world of reason and creation and the world of cruelty and destruction.

A fragment from the second part of the symphony sounds.

Presenter(2): Different songs were needed - both drill and lyrical. Lyrics were necessary to warm souls hardened by the war.

Presenter (1): And with a lyrical song “Dugout” - A. Surkova An interesting story happened. The poet wrote a letter at a command post near the Volokolamsk highway. Alarm, artillery attack. Leaving the letter, he ran for cover. One of the staff officers rewrote the text and then sent it to his wife. And suddenly A. Surkov hears a tune on the radio K. Listov “The fire beats in a cramped stove.”

The phonogram of the song “Dugout” sounds

Presenter (2): During moments of rest at the front, the accordion was often played and lyrical songs were sung. “In the forest near the front”, “In a sunny clearing”, “Uralochka”, "Dark-skinned woman."

Presenter(1): First time song "Darkie" performed in the Tchaikovsky Concert Hall. They greeted her noisily and sang an encore three times. And since the concert was broadcast, a lot of people heard it, and soon requests from ensembles began to arrive for a song, for notes, and messengers also arrived.

A fragment from the film “Only Old Men Go to Battle,” where the artists perform the song “Darkie.

Presenter(2): Many songs are dedicated to hero cities: “Hero Kyiv” (N. Andrievskaya-A. Severny); “Valiant Tula” (A. Novikov - M. Vershinina); “Legendary Sevastopol” (V. Muradeli - P. Gradov).

Presenter(1): As in the Crimean War, Sevastopol, the heart of the Russian Black Sea Fleet, became famous. The heroes fought bravely for their city, but were unable to hold their position; the enemy occupied Sevastopol. Warships and transports with soldiers left the port of Russian glory only when the front line went hundreds of kilometers to the east... The last sailor left Sevastopol on July 3, 1942.

Presenter(2): Sevastopol was liberated on May 9, 1944. The author of the song was the first to enter the city "Legendary Sevastopol".

Presenter(1): The song became an indispensable friend of Soviet soldiers. They fought with the song, died and won. Musicologist L. Danilevich, who served in front-line ensembles during the war, spoke about one combat episode:

Reader: On the Voronezh Front, Senior Sergeant Shvelidze had a favorite song, composed by himself. One day, Shvelidze was carrying out a combat mission with a group of comrades. Heavy fire from enemy machine guns and machine guns pinned our soldiers to the ground. And time passed, and there was no opportunity to complete the task. And then Shvelidze rose from the ground, straightened up to his full height and fearlessly went towards the enemy. And then, through the noise and roar, the soldiers heard a familiar chant:

You are beautiful, great Fatherland...

It was incredible: A man walked towards death and sang.

Presenter (2): Themes of war, military valor, courage, patriotism, labor feats, and the entire Soviet people became the main exciting topics in literature and art.

Presenter (1): When the war began, music of great feelings was required, heroic music calling for fight. Outstanding pianist V. Sofronitsky wrote: “The artist must be an agitator and inspirer of the struggle, he must mobilize the people for new feats of arms. We, musicians, must, with our skill, raise the spiritual and physical strength of the people to defeat the enemy.”

Presenter (2): In the middle of the war, in the winter of 1943, many partisan units began to spontaneously create propaganda teams and artistic ensembles that performed for soldiers and residents of towns and villages. Rumors about this reached the Nazis and amazed them. One German officer wrote in a letter to his homeland:

Reader: " It is impossible to understand these Slavs. They literally have a noose around their neck, and they dance and sing. What kind of people?

Presenter (1): And, indeed, it was difficult for the fascists to understand the soul of the Soviet man. How can a song lift your spirits, strengthen your morale, and lead you into battle?

Presenter (2): A good song inspired hope and courage, taught us to love and hate.

Presenter(1): Among the most expensive relics of the famous singer E. Flax A letter from the former company sergeant major, submachine gunner Evgeniy Mazo, is kept.

Reader: “It was in the terrible year of 1942. Near Krasny Bor, not far from Leningrad, I was seriously wounded. And on that day, when I was operated on in the hospital, you came to the wounded and sang. I was lying in the corridor; there were too many wounded. These were the most seriously wounded: out of 100 people, only 10 survived. Day and night there were groans, gnashing of teeth in pain, the wounded were delirious. And so you started singing. You have done a miracle. The wounded stopped moaning, and I, forgetting about the operation, tried to applaud with weak hands to thank you.

With your song you saved me. Don’t think that these are high words, no! That evening you did a lot for me and fighters like me.”

M. Isakovsky’s song “Ogonyok” is playing

Presenter (1): When the Nazis attacked, all the republics of our huge country came to its defense. Kazakhstan also sent its daughters and sons to the front.

Leading(2): Kazakh poets, musicians, and composers did not stand aside. They immediately responded to the events of the war. This is how the composer’s opera was staged on the stage of the Kazakh theater E. Brusilovsky "Alga Guard" about the exploits of the Kazakh people who fought him with I am in the ranks of Soviet soldiers for the Motherland. The libretto of the opera was written by the writer S. Mukanov.

Presenter (1):. After the declaration of war, the Kazakh girl Saira, along with her brother and fiancé, leave for the front. Tankers and partisans of a Ukrainian border village are fighting, covering the retreat of a medical battalion. In this battalion, Saira serves as a nurse. She is captured and brutally tortured. Saira's spirit is not broken, but being physically broken after torture, she dies in the arms of the partisans. Performed the part of Saira Kulyash Baiseitova. In order to feel more deeply the image of the heroine, the artist went to the front. It was on the front line, in the girls in gray overcoats, the fighting friends of our soldiers, that the spirit and greatness of our people was truly reflected.

Presenter(2): Famousakyn Dzhambul Dzhabayev he rearranged the strings of his dombra in a military style and became an akyn-warrior, a singer-soldier. He sang with bitterness that the enemy had broken into his home.

Reader: A terrible day, O son, has come!

Woe! The enemy is at your throat!

He wants to stop our breathing,

Raze and burn everything to the ground,

Desecrate the shrines of the fathers!

Presenter (1): Dzhambul escorted his beloved son Algadai to the front, gave him his father’s and akyn’s orders to fight until the last drop of blood, until the enemy was completely defeated.

Fragment from the film “Dzhambul”. (Seeing Algaday off to war).

Presenter (2): Dzhambul’s son bravely fights the enemy, remembering his father’s order. But an enemy bullet overtook him on the Stalingrad front, and he died as a hero. Algadai's comrades brought sad news to Dzhambul - Algadai's beloved son died a heroic death. Dzhambul took the dombra. A song is born before everyone's eyes "To the death of Algaday."

Fragment from the film “Dzhambul”

Presenter(1): During the war years, many songs were created, both at the front and in the rear. R. Elebaev writes a song "Young Kazakh". This song is dedicated to Tolegen Toktarov, Hero of the Soviet Union, who died near Moscow in 1941. Composer M. Tulebaev creates a march "Beat the drum" Lyrical song “Tos meny, tos”, A. Zhubanov “Maidannan hut”, “Kesteme oramal”

Presenter (2): During these years, folk composers did not stand aside either. K. Azerbaev “Byzdyn otan zhenedy”, K. Babatov “Otan ushin”, D. Nurpeisova “Ana buyrygy”

Presenter (1):Rosa Baglanova performed concerts at the fronts in 1942-43. She was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Red Banner of Labor, Friendship of Peoples, and the Medal of Courage.

Presenter (2):Bibigul Tulegenova, at that time still just a girl, spoke to the evacuated wounded in the Semipalatinsk hospital. The front-line soldiers waited for the artists as if they were relatives - many of them had similar children somewhere - and each of them tried to leave a gift for the child from their modest lunch - bread or sugar.

Everyone loved the way Bibigul sang, everyone’s favorite at that time "Katyusha".

The song stuck with her so much that gradually not only the wounded, but also her school friends began to call her Katyusha.

Presenter (1): It's 1945 . The war reached Germany.

On April 30, the Victory Banner was hoisted over the Reichstag. On May 8, the complete surrender of Germany was signed in Berlin. And on May 9, Moscow saluted the winners with an unprecedented fireworks – 30 salvos from 1,000 guns.

The phonogram of the song “Victory Day” plays

Presenter (2): We are speaking: “No one is forgotten, and nothing is forgotten” Six decades separate us from the harsh days of war. A generation is passing away that bore the incredible burden of war. But the people's memory will preserve the unfading feat, unheard-of suffering, and unshakable faith in people. There will be a place for everything in this memory.

Presenter (1): Music created during the Great Patriotic War is not only a heroic past. She is a living part of our lives today. And the feat of the Soviet people will forever remain in our memory.

A song-symbol, a song-banner, a song-call - this is a testament to those living today, like a letter from the front.

Statements on military topics

War

The average person wants neither war nor robbery -

these are attributes of the unfit elements of humanity, an expression of their tireless greed and thirst to profit at the expense of others

M. Andersen – Nex.

A war, even the longest, only aggravates the problems that caused it, and their solution remains temporary, coming after the conclusion of peace.

I. Andrich

How easy war is for spectators.

Arabic saying

When bayonets are crossed, there is no room for thought.

P. Beranger

There will be wars as long as at least one person can make money from them.

B. Brecht

War is pleasant for those who have not experienced it.

Vegetius

War is a complete atrocity... in war, people who are innocent of each other exterminate each other, being forcibly put into a state of self-defense.

M. Gorky

He who wages war on others has not made peace with himself.

W. Geslitt.

He who wages war for the sake of humanity will defeat his enemies.

Lao Tzu.

War is a state of people in which the lowest and most vicious people will gain power and glory.

L. Tolstoy.

War is an evil that disgraces the human race.

F. Fenelon.

War is a celebration of death.

Hindi saying.

War is the fruit of the weakness and stupidity of peoples.

R. Rolland.

War brings tears, blood and troubles. In whose favor would the battles end; A victory won at great cost does not taste any sweeter than defeat.

E. Sevrus

War is just a cowardly escape from peacetime problems

T. Mann

The first casualty of war is truth.

Johnson Hiram.

There will be no World War III veterans.

W. Mondale

Courage and heroism

True courage is found in times of adversity.

Voltaire.

Courage is fearlessness in the face of death.

Plato

Courageous is the one who knows fear, but conquers it, who sees the abyss, but looks into it with pride.

F. Nietzsche.

Courage is firmness in truth.

A .

Great

True courage lies not in inviting death, but in fighting against adversity.

Seneca

You can't always be a hero, but you can always remain human.

You cannot be a hero while fighting against the Fatherland.

V. Hugo.

A country that has no heroes is unhappy.

Pierre Buast.

It's better to die standing than to live on your knees.

D. Ibarruri.

Victory

The sweetness of victory erases the bitterness of patience.

Arabic saying.

To win means to convince your opponent that you are right.

V. Hugo

Victories must be bloodless.

Pittacus.

World

Let's say to the war: go in peace!

X .

Jagodzinski

Peace has no fewer victories than war, but much fewer monuments. F

.

Hubbard

If you want peace, maintain justice.

Signature on the Peace Palace in The Hague.

Buying peace from the enemy means supplying him with the means for a new war.

Jean Jacques Rousseau.

Peace guarantee: burying the hatchet with the enemy.

Stanislav Jerzy Lec.

If you want, fight, swear, but leave room for peace.

Hymn
Progress of the event
Presenter 1: The Great Patriotic War... No matter what they say or write now, time will never erase from the memory of the people the Great Patriotic War, the most difficult and cruel of all wars in the history of our Motherland.
The war has died down,
It has become a long history...
But is it possible to forget the past!
Presenter 2
Presentation of Great Patriotic War veterans and guests.
Today our guest is a veteran of the Great Patriotic War
Chervinsky Mikhail Gavrilovich.
Home front worker, deputy chairman of the city Council of Veterans, honored teacher Rashida Ashrapovna Khasanova.
Home front worker, honored veteran of the energy sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Fedorchenko Tatyana Petrovna.
We are pleased to welcome veterans of the economic lyceum
Ershov Kim Vasilievich,
Kolesnikova Nadezhda Fedorovna,

Today we have to meet again with the events of the war years, to come into contact with some historical military events. Today we will leaf through the pages of an oral journal about the Great Patriotic War.

Page 1 "1941 - 1945. A great test for the country"

Presenter 1: There are events, dates, names of people who entered the history of the city, region, country, and even the history of the entire Earth. Books are written about them, legends are told, poems and music are composed. The main thing is that they are remembered. And this memory is passed down from generation to generation and does not allow distant days and events to fade. One of these events was the Great Patriotic War of our people against Nazi Germany. Each of us must preserve her memory.
To those who went into battle for their homeland, survived and won...
To those who were burned in the Buchenwald ovens,
To those who went to the bottom like a stone at river crossings.
To those who forever, nameless, sank into fascist captivity,
To those who were ready to give their hearts for a just cause,
Those who fell under cars instead of pontoon bridges.
Dedicated to all those who went into immortality and won...

Presenter 2: 1941 lived 22 tamyz challah? are you? beybit?mirin b?zylyp?l Otan So?ysy bastaldy. (slide)
(recording “Sounds of Explosions”, Levitan’s voice “Announcement of the beginning of the Second World War, the song “Holy War” sounds)
Presenter 1: June... The sunset was approaching evening.
And the sea overflowed during the white night,
And there was a ringing laugh from the guys,
Those who do not know, those who do not know grief.

June. We didn't know then
Walking from school evenings,
That tomorrow will be the first day of the war,
And it will end only in 1945, in May.

War is 4 years of battles. 1,418 sleepless days and nights. More than 27 million dead. This means 22 people for every 2 meters. That means 13 people every minute.
(video show, slides)
Presenter 1: 9-mamyr - Zhe?is k?ni b?kil?lem toylaytyn?asietti mereke. Bizdi? hal?ymyz?shin?ly mereke,?rpa?tan-?rpa??a berilip, toylanyp kele zhat?an mereke. B?gіn bіz, sіzderdi ?ly merekeleri?izben?tty?taymyz, aspandar?yz ashy?,?mirleri?iz b?ytty, shua?you bolsyn dep tileymiz. bitkenіne 69 zhyl boldy, elimiz?anshama bozda?tarynan ayyryldy, barly?y - 20 million adam?miri ??ban boldy. ?kelse de bizdi? hal?yiz?ip shy?you.

M.Ma?ataev "?yr?ynshy zhyldarda?y besik zhyrynan"

Presenter 2: Victory Day is a great holiday in our country. On this day, they honor the memory of those who died and bow to all those who survived. Let's remember and honor everyone with a minute of silence.
Slide - (minute of silence, (metronome)

Page 2 "Kazakhstan during the Great Patriotic War"
?LY OTAN SO?YSYNDA?Y?AZA?STANDY? BATYRLAR

Presenter 1: “ly Otan son?” aldynda?sker?atarynda 178 ?aza?standy? zhastar?yzmet etken,so?ys zhyldarynda olardy? ?ataryna ta?y 1 million 300we? adam?osyldy.?aza?stands?tar so?ysty? birnshi k?ninen bastap, ?oldanysta?y?sker?atarynda so?ysty.Otanin?or?au?a 5183 ?yz atanda. Respublikamyzda 12 atyshtar divisions, 7 atyshtar brigadas zh?ne 4 cavalry divisions zhasataldy.Sonymenatar, 2 artillery divisions, 3 sh?ytar regiments, 14 zhekeshelengen batolion??ryldy.
?ly Otan so?ys zhyldarynda bizdi? elimiz 601011adamnan ayyryldy, are they? ishinde maydanger - ?aza?tar 130 we?.

Reader: Zhauta?dap?arap gave t?r,
K?z zhasyn s?rtip zha?a bir.
Khabarsyz?lyn s?rau?a,
Zholy?dy tosyp ana zh?r.
?ansha?go? ?rlap adamyn,
?ansha?go with?nip?aldy ottar.
K?rdi? white ananas?,
So?ystan?ayt?an soldiertar?

Keshikpey hot keler dep,
T?renen saylap oryndy.
Batys?a?arap barely?dep,
Aru z?r tosyp zholy?dy.
K?terdi b?rin aurdy?,
Azamat bolyp ardy a?tar.
K?rdi? be zharyn arudy?,
So?ystan?ayt?an soldiertar?

Keterde soldier zaryny?,
Ishіnde?al?an ana zhyl.
“K?kemdi aitpay tanyrmyn,” -
Dep bur s?bi bala z?r.
?airylmay?alai ketesi?,
Khabarsyz?alai ol to?tar?
K?rdi? are they? k?kesin, So?ystan?ayt?an soldiertar?

T.Molda?aliev "So?ystan?ait?an soldiertar"

Presenter 1: The 316th Rifle Division under the command of Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov, formed in Kazakhstan, covered itself with unfading glory. There were representatives of 36 nationalities.
Kazakhstan gave 512 Heroes of the Soviet Union, of which 87 were Kazakhs. About 120 Kazakhstanis were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union for their participation in the liberation campaign of the Soviet Army in European countries.
The first Hero of the Soviet Union from Kazakhstan was the son of a Pavlodar peasant, Major General of Tank Forces Semenchenko Kuzma Aleksandrovich (July 22, 1941), and the last was Panfilov officer Bauyrzhan Momyshuly (December 11, 1990). (slide by B. Momyshuly)
Four Kazakhstanis - attack pilots T. Begeldinov, L. Beda, I. Pavlov and fighter pilot S. Lugansky were twice awarded the gold Stars of Heroes of the Soviet Union. (slide Begeldinov.T)
The youngest Kazakh - Hero of the Soviet Union - 18-year-old Zhanibek Yeleusov - died while crossing the Dnieper.
The feat of Tulegen Tokhtarov, who broke into the headquarters of the German part of the village, will forever remain in memory. Borodino and destroyed 5 German officers.
A group of machine gunners under the command of company political instructor Malik Gabdullin, having knocked out enemy tanks, led their units out of encirclement. (slide by T. Tokhtarov, M. Gabdullin)
Presenter 2: Rakhimzhan Koshkarbaev - M??gilikke zher??sh?an fascisterdi? so??y?jas - Reichstags? ?stіne?is tuyn zhelberetken zhauynger. 1945 zhyl?y 30 s?uirde ol zhauynger Grigory Bulatovpen birge Ke?es?skerleri arasynan Reichstag?a aldymen zhetip, same?is tuyn tikti.
R.?osh?arbaev?yzyl Tu, I d?rezheli Otan so?ysy ordermen, k?ptegen medaldarmen marapattal?an.Berlindegi Reichstag?a tu tіgіp, ?as?you? na?yz batyr?lt ekendigin d?leldegen?aysar azamat Ra?imzhan?osh?arbaev?a 1999 zhyly t?uels_z elimizdi? "Chaly? ?a?armany" ata?y berildi. (slide by R. Koshkarbaev)
Presenter 1: Kaysenov K. After graduating from military intelligence school in November 1941, he was sent to the headquarters of the North-Western Front, from where, having received a special assignment, he was sent behind enemy lines to organize a partisan movement in the territory of occupied Ukraine. On this land, Kasym Kaysenov commanded detachment number three, which bore the name of Chapaev. Subsequently, until the end of 1944, he participated in partisan movements in the territories of Moldova, Czechoslovakia, and Romania. In Ukraine, K. Kaysenov organized partisan detachments and at the same time was engaged in sabotage work.
Presenter 2: Advice Oda?yn? batyrlary?atarynda, ?aza? ?izdar machine gunner Manshuk Mametova is not a sniper Aliya Moldova??lova, ekeui de so?ys dalasynda?aza tap?an.
Reader:
There is a testing time for the horseman,
There is a testing time for the people.
So that the Motherland can breathe freely,
The men shed a lot of blood.
But on any fronts then
With the enemy
And the young Kazakh woman fought.
I'm used to grueling hikes,
I'm used to danger.
And to adversity!
The Fatherland will never forget
Mametov Manshuk at the machine gun.

Yes, heroines of Kazakh lands
Send for a feat
In difficult times they knew how.
There was a sniper Aliya at the front,
Shot at the target without missing a beat.
Manshuk and Aliya - so on the back
Two braids flow
Dark and heavy.
So two stars walk on high...
You are not forgotten, young Kazakh women!
T.Abdrakhmanova
The song "Aliya" is playing
So?ys?a?atys?an zherlesterimizdi eske alai?,olards? esimderin m??gilik zhadymyzda sa?tay?. (slides “Semipalatinsk residents - heroes of the Second World War”).
Presenter 1: Years go by, decades change... But the feat of the people in the Great Patriotic War is destined to remain in history forever.
Fewer and fewer war veterans remain among us. Millions left without feeling even the slightest concern for themselves. Everything was not up to them - gradually aging, losing health and strength... The last generation of heroes will soon pass away - can we at least pay them our debt of memory and respect?
We walked through the fire
Through great troubles
But I had enough strength for happy tears.
I cried when the bright banner of Victory
He hoisted it in front of everyone in the Reichstag!
Like Egorov, Kantaria, walking proudly,
The great last one ascended the pedestal
Son of my father's land,
Kazakh Koshkarbaev,
And forever became a soldier's glory!

Our veterans are a generation of amazingly strong, resilient and courageous people. Therefore, it is so important to be able to appreciate their feat, and therefore to be able to just as devotedly love your Motherland, your Fatherland, be proud of your fathers and grandfathers and value such qualities as willpower, camaraderie, and a sense of duty.

E. Asadov's poem "Victory" is read by Sasha Ryabokon.

Page 3 "Oh, roads!" Poems and songs of the war years"

Presenter 2: 200-den astam a?yn-zhazushylar so?ys?a attandy.Olar so?ysta correspondent?ana bol?an jo?,artilleryman, tankman,zhayau?sker,?sh?ish,boldy sailor.?? rsauda?al?an Leningradta ashty?tan, so?ys hospitalderinde heat?attan?aza tapty.
417-si so?ysta?aza tapsa, k?pshiligi so?ystan kein t?rli heat?attardan?aitys bolds.
1941 - 1945 LJ. ?ly Otan so?ysyn arnal?an?le? zholdary k?p. Biz, sezdermen solardi? Yes, we are esimdermen?ana tanysamyz..(slides M. Jalil, K. Simonov, A. Tvardovsky, Yu. Drunina, O. Berggolts, reading poems)
Presenter 1: Songs of the war years! How many of them are beautiful and unforgettable. And they have everything: the bitterness of retreat in the first months of the war and the joy of returning to one’s own, pictures of the lives of soldiers, stories about the military exploits of sailors and infantrymen, pilots and tank crews. And if you could now listen to all the best that poets and composers have created, it would be music - the history of the Great Patriotic War.
Songs of the war years!.. From the very first volleys and shots to the victorious May fireworks, they marched through the entire war in military soldier formation. For those who went through and survived the war, these songs are definitely call signs from that unforgettable distant time.
Presenter 2: So?ys zhyldarynda?y?under-erlik, dosty?,adaldy?,yes?? turaly?nder.B?l?le?der soldiertardy erlikke, birlikke sha?yrdy, k??il-k?in k?terdi, tu?an zherge, elge, tu?an -tuys?a degen sa?ynishtaryn, ?yyndy?tardy?uge to?mectesip,zhe?iske degen senіmderin we?itty.?le?-adam siya?you,?z tarihy, ta?holes bar.?le?derdi? we? have tarikha,? mirshe?digi, adam ta?dyrymen,?mirimen tikel baylanysty. shy?u tarikha men ta?holes zhaiynda aityp beremiz. Presenter 1: Eske alai?, barly? y neden bastaldy:
Lebedev-Kumach zhaz?an "Holy War", (slide) aldynda Belarus stationynda oryndaldy. Zhauyngerlerdi? ?tenishi boyinsha?le? Bes ret oryndaldy.?nnі? s?zi adamny? ishkі sezіmіn, jan d?niyesіn teberentіp, beibіt?mіrge?mіtterіn oyatty.
"Katyusha" (slide)
During the Great Patriotic War, dozens of variants of the “Katyusha” appeared, and the people “christened” a new weapon with its name - rocket-propelled guards mortars, which instilled terror in the enemy.
Naturally, the theme of love could not help but be touched upon in songwriting. The composer M. Blanter and the poet M. Isakovsky wrote many wonderful songs, but, perhaps, none of them warmed the hearts of soldiers so much in times of war, none of them in peacetime did so much for friendship and mutual understanding of people on our planet , like this simple-minded, smiling, sweet “Katyusha”, which was written before the war, but became one of the favorite songs of the Great Patriotic War.

"Dark Night" is one of the most popular songs of the war years. The song was born unexpectedly in 1942. in distant Tashkent. The filming of the film “Two Fighters” was underway; as filming progressed, it became clear that we couldn’t do without a song. The film was about the friendship of two soldiers, whose roles were played by Boris Andreev and Mark Bernes. Bogoslovsky immediately, without stopping, played the melody of the future song, which was later included in the film without a single change. The poet Agapov quickly and successfully developed poems to this music.

Presenter 1: Bes zhyl?a convened?an so?ysta, zhyldan zhyl?a zha?a?le?der tuyndada. Ol?le?derde chaly?ty? zhau?a degen?shpendiligi, Otanyna degen s?yispenshiligi, dost?,erlik, mahabbat,zhe?iske degen senimy zhyrlands.

(Slides)
Presenter 2: The memory of the war, the victims of the war... It rings the alarm bell in our hearts, commanding us not to forget the feat of the people, to carefully preserve the peace won at the cost of more than 27 million human lives.

Poem "Requiem". Read by Bobko Ekaterina.

Honor and eternal glory to those who defended their Motherland from the enemy during the war, who stood in the rear at the machines and grew grain in the fields, to all those who, with their labor and feat of arms, brought the long-awaited victory closer. Glory! (slides)

On the ninth day of jubilant May,
When silence fell on the ground,
The news rushed from edge to edge -
The world has won! The war is over!
The windows were no longer darkened anywhere
In the smoky cities of Europe.
Victory was bought at the price of blood,
May the globe always remember this!

Presenter 1: The generation of the 40s wrote their biography on campaigns, and the biography of this generation became the biography of the country.
They gave their lives so that every spring the festive fireworks of the Victory salute would fly into the sky, so that love would arise and flowers would be sold on the corners.

I don’t know war, why do I need it?
I want to live peacefully and sing hymns to beauty.
We need to strengthen peace so that always and everywhere
If only they knew about the past war.

Presenter 2: Let the sun drown the whole Earth in its rays!
Let the peaceful stars shine above her!
Let you breathe deeper, calmer, freer!
May there always be sunshine!
May there always be heaven!
May there always be a mother!
May there always be peace!

Reader
Bolmasyn so?ys!
(J. A?ylbay?ly)
Bolmasyn so?ys"
Tilegi solay ata - ananas?.
Zhara?at alyp?or?a?an elin, ?ly Otanyn,
To? shede jäger balda? you kisi kezdesse
Zh?regim soyp oylanyp bara zhatamyn.
Batardy basyp, tankti? pulled herds,
?andar?a b?gip bala - ba?shalar ala?y.
Zhauynger bolyp from atyp - zhap-zhas zhigitter,
Atpasa eken shashynan s?yrep Anany.
Page 4: "The Price of Victory" (Slides)
Word to WWII veteran Mikhail Gavrilovich Chervinsky.

The song “Victory Day” by composer D. Tukhmanov and poet V. Kharitonov was born 30 years after the Great Patriotic War and immediately became close to us and necessary on this particular holiday. The song is a poem about the past that calls forward to the future, a song that touches veterans to tears and makes the hearts of young people beat faster. This is a song of humanity, this is a song of struggle. This is the anthem of our victory! What is especially dear is that the song was loved not only by those who fought for Victory with arms in hand, but also by very young boys and girls, familiar with the war only from books, films and old front-line songs.
(slide)
Recording (Levitan "Announcement of Surrender")
Hooray! Hooray! Hooray!

Presenter 1: We will end our story with a song,
The most intimate, the most important.
Which is like a symbol of joy for us,
The symbol of the long-awaited Victory Day!

The song "Victory Day" is performed by students.

Presenter 2: The celebration dedicated to Victory Day is over.
Thank you all for your attention!

Discussion on the book by K. Kaysenov “Behind Enemy Lines”

Discussion on the book by K. Kaysenov “Behind Enemy Lines”

to the 95th anniversary of the birth of the writer - hero K. Kaysenov

Librarian: Decades have passed since the last salvos of the Great Patriotic War died down, but human memory preserves the feats that were accomplished day after day throughout the long years of the war.

Decades have passed since the last salvos of the Great Patriotic War died down, but human memory preserves the feats that were accomplished day after day throughout the long years of the war.

Autobiography and creativity of the writer

Kasym Kaysenov (born April 23, 1918 in the village of Asubulak, Ulan district, Eastern Kazakhstan region), folk hero, writer.

In 1934 After completing his incomplete course, he enters the political and educational technical school in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk. After graduating in 1939, he was sent to the military intelligence school in Moscow, which he graduated in 1941. During the Great Patriotic War he led a partisan detachment. On a special assignment, he was transferred to enemy-occupied Ukrainian territory. Here Kasym Kaysenov led the third detachment of the partisan formation named after. Chapaeva. He took part in battles on the territory of Moldova and Ukraine, Czechoslovakia and Romania. Participated in the liberation of Ukraine, Belarus, etc. After the liberation of Soviet land from fascist invaders in 1945. he returns to his homeland, works in the apparatus of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Kazakh SSR. In 1953-70 he worked at the Writers' Union of Kazakhstan. Partisan - A veteran who worked for a long time as an editor and deputy director of Zhazusha and Kainar. K. Kaysenov had to witness and participate in the heroic partisan war in Ukraine, he saw the unprecedented feats of the people's avengers in the fierce struggle against the Nazi invaders, he considered himself obliged to tell in his books without embellishment, without hiding anything. Thus began the literary activity of the writer, who devoted his work to a heroic and patriotic theme.

In 1954, K. Kaysenov published his first book, “Young Partisans.” Readers are well aware of his books “Ilko the Windmill” (1955), “Pereyaslavl Partisans” (1956), “From the Claws of Death” (1959), “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines” (1961), “Behind Enemy Lines” (1973), “ Partisan Paths" (1978), "People's Avengers" - a collection of the best works about the partisan movement in Ukraine and others by Aisenov have been translated into many languages ​​of the world. K. Kaysenov - a renowned hero, partisan of the Great Patriotic War, defender of the Motherland, awarded 2 Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 3rd degree, Order of “Partisans of Czechoslovakia”, “Valor”, 3rd degree, fifteen medals Soviet Union. He was awarded the title of People's Hero of Kazakhstan, and was awarded the prize of the Union of Writers of Kazakhstan named after. B. Momyshuly. Kasym Kaysenov became a legend during his lifetime. And now, when the fighter’s heart stopped, he remained in the books he wrote, the documentary film made about him several years ago and, of course, in the memory of those who knew him.

School librarian: A famous Kazakh writer whose works the boys of the post-war period grew up reading. K. Kaysenov died on the eve of 2007, as if he had summed up his life with the passing year. And relatives, friends and colleagues were preparing to celebrate his ninetieth birthday in the spring. Kasym Kaysenov avoided death so many times in war, as if under a spell, he looked her in the face in peacetime. This year we celebrate the writer’s 95th birthday. It’s hard to remember the tragic past, but we must remember the time and its heroes.

Questions for discussion based on the story by K. Kaysenov

"A Boy Behind Enemy Lines"

1.What time are we talking about in K. Kaysenov’s story “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines?”

2.Where do the events of the story take place?

3. Who do you think is the main character of the story?

4.What happened to Serik’s mother, and who helped the boy overcome the difficulties and misfortunes that befell him?

5. How did the guys’ lives turn out after the attack by the fascist invaders?

6.How were the invaders greeted in the villages occupied by the Nazis?

7. What do you guys think, why did the Red Army retreat at the beginning of the war?

8. Didn’t you stay in your village, occupied by the Nazis, and return to your parents?

9.What can you tell us about guerrilla warfare in enemy-occupied territory?

11.What tasks did the guys carry out while helping the partisans?

10. What was Serik called in the squad, and what did he want to become when he grew up?

12.What happened to Serik, and under what circumstances was he injured?

13.What can you tell us about Serik’s meeting with his father?

14.What in the story you read made the greatest impression on you?

Answers to the story's questions.

1.What time are we talking about in K. Kaysenov’s story “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines?” The story “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines” is a story about the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War.

2.Where do the events of the story take place? The events of the story take place behind enemy lines, in enemy-occupied territory, about the difficulties and trials that a ten-year-old Kazakh boy, Serik Mergenbaev, had to endure.

Librarian's comments: Remember the meeting between the father of Red Army Major Zhomart Mergenbaev and his son before the start of the war. Zhomart's wife Zhamal and Serik were returning to the border town from Kazakhstan, where they were visiting.

3.Who do you think is the main character of the story? This story is not only about one boy, Serik, but also about the fates of other children who found themselves in enemy-occupied territory, who helped the partisans.

Librarian's comments: They (distributed leaflets, warned the partisans about the punitive forces, stood at the post, communicated with the commander of the partisan detachment). (Anna Ivanovna's son Boris, Misha and many other children). They bore a lot on their children's shoulders, but did not break under the weight of the trials that befell them.

4. Please, guys, remember what happened to Serik’s mother, what the boy had to go through after losing his mother, who helped him in the most terrible time. (p. 225) Leaving the burning, destroyed train, Zhamal’s mother and Serik tried to hide in the forest , but they did not have time to get to the forest. Struck by a machine gun fire, Serik’s mother dies, and Serik stood and could not understand what to do, he was overcome by fear.

Librarian's comments: The author compares the boy to a tied lamb in a deserted steppe. He sat in the crater next to his mother’s body, huddled in a ball for several hours, confused, killed by the grief that fell on his thin shoulders. Anna Ivanovna, a neighbor and the wife of her husband’s colleague, came to Serik’s aid. She herself was confused when she saw the frightened boy; she could not believe Zhamal’s death. A young, cheerful, beautiful woman with long black braids, three hours ago they were sitting together in the carriage, peacefully talking, and now she is gone.

5. How did the guys’ lives turn out after the attack by the fascist invaders? Difficult trials befell the boys: their fathers went to the front, their mothers had to hastily leave their homes, as the enemy occupied the country. Serik lost his mother at the very beginning of the war.

Librarian's comments: Such grief is not easy for an adult to bear, but here is a ten-year-old child. It’s good that Anna Ivanovna, Boris’s mother, did not remain indifferent to Serik’s fate. She took care of him as if she were her child. Anna Ivanovna replaced Serik's deceased mother. While wandering through the forests, they saw what the Nazis were doing to civilians. The Germans dealt with civilians: they set houses on fire, hanged the first residents they came across, and shot children. “They even shoot at children. Vile killers. No, these are not people...” How were they still alive in such a mess?

6. How did people live in the occupied territory? How were the invaders greeted in the villages occupied by the Nazis? The invaders behaved like masters. People were prohibited from appearing on the street after eight o'clock in the evening. No one had the right to leave home without special permission from the German commandant's office. At night, police officers patrolled the streets. The occupiers were furious. Former kulaks, thieves and criminals, who at one time were fairly punished by the Soviet government, now became servants of the Germans: elders and policemen. They served the enemies, handed over Soviet activists to the Germans: Komsomol members and communists, persecuted honest people, for them Hitler was the “liberator of the people.” By order of the military commandant, everyone who wanders in the forest is declared partisans and subject to execution. So, having arrived in her native village, Anna Ivanovna realized that her former friend Tamara began to collaborate with the Nazis and betrayed her. Anna Ivanovna was afraid that she might be arrested, and Boris and Serik would be sent to Germany. Her fears were justified, she was threatened with arrest, but the Nazis did not have time to arrest her, as she was warned by underground worker Polina Petrovna. There were still fewer traitors than honest people; honest people in the occupied territory believed in the victory of the Soviet Army and fought against the occupiers.

7. What do you guys think, why did the Red Army retreat at the beginning of the war? The war continued for 1400 days and nights, and there was not a single “easy” day among them, even the very last day with Nazi Germany was infinitely dangerous, immeasurably difficult. The Nazis attacked the Soviet Union without declaring war; unexpectedly, there was no military equipment: tanks, Katyushas, ​​etc. Having carried out a treacherous attack on the USSR, Hitler and his accomplices believed that they had done everything to successfully carry out their sinister plans. Never before has any conqueror created such a colossal army in numbers and powerful technical equipment as the fascist army. The Soviet people found the strength to not only withstand the ramming attack, but also to dispel the aggressive power of the fascists into dust.

8. Didn’t you stay in your village, occupied by the Nazis, and return to your parents? So, having arrived in her native village, Anna Ivanovna realized that her former friend Tamara began to collaborate with the Nazis and betrayed her. Anna Ivanovna was afraid that she might be arrested, and Boris and Serik would be sent to Germany. Her fears were justified, she was threatened with arrest, but the Nazis did not have time to arrest her, as she was warned by underground worker Polina Petrovna. The underground workers were well aware of the situation in the village and came to her aid in time, transporting her to another village, where they already had an apartment prepared in advance. But they failed to save Anna Ivanovna’s parents; the Gestapo men hanged Anna Ivanovna’s father and mother; they were given away by their ex-girlfriend Tamara and her father.

9.What can you tell us about the partisan struggle in enemy-occupied territory in the story “A Boy Behind Enemy Lines”?

In the war with Nazi Germany, which occupied part of Soviet territory, the fight behind enemy lines became important.

In enemy-occupied territory, the party specially left and sent brave underground organizers, real patriots, to organize resistance to the occupiers in Ukraine, where the events of the story take place. (Ivan Kuzmich Primak is the organizer of the underground, Ivan Gaman is a member of the underground Komsomol organization, etc.) The leaders selected people, got weapons, created secret warehouses and food supplies.

10. What was Serik called in the squad, and what did he want to become when he grew up? Serik was called “Asian”, “black”, Serikzhan, Seryozha, and also our Amangeldy. When Serik grew up, he wanted to become an artilleryman or command a cavalry.

12.What happened to Serik, and under what circumstances was he injured? Childhood is the most wonderful time of life. During the war, instead of studying and pleasing their parents, the children had to live in hard work and danger; the war threw them into deep forests. Serik had the hardest time of all, since he was left without a mother, and nothing was known about his father.

The boy learned how to handle a horse while still in the village from his grandfather, and so the cavalry commander took him with him and sent him with a note to the camp. When Serik was returning from the camp, he lost his way and a column of soldiers was moving out of the forest; German soldiers and gendarmes were walking into the forest. He galloped back at full speed to the partisans to inform the commander that the Germans were approaching from the direction of the Dnieper. The commander, through a young intelligence officer, conveyed a report to Ivan Kuzmich that the Nazis were following in the footsteps of the partisans.

(About Serik’s wound) Serik rode on his Belolob to the Dnieper, bypassing the fleeing Germans, the enemies recovered from the first failures and shot accurately, many partisans were wounded, the horsemen were especially injured, Serik was also unlucky, who participated in the hottest places of the battle and although They said about him that bullets couldn’t take our Seryozha, German bullets knocked down his war horse White-fronted, and one bullet hit the brave fighter in the hand.

13. Under what circumstances did Serik meet with his father? Serik's father, Lieutenant Colonel Mergenbaev Zhomart, commanded a regiment in parts of the Third Ukrainian Front. First, a letter came from Lieutenant Colonel Krasyuk that Serik’s father was alive, and then he himself found Anna Ivanovna with the children. A happy meeting with his son partly softened the pain of losing his beloved wife Zhamal. He owed the meeting with his son to Anna Ivanovna - a simple, brave, selfless woman - his mother. It was she who saved Serik and replaced both his mother and his father. When Zhomart began to say words of gratitude, not knowing how to thank her for her son, she said: “I fulfilled my duty. The duty of the mother and the Soviet man." He took Serik with him.

15.What in the story you read made the greatest impression on you? (We listen to the guys' answers)

Librarian: Many books have been written about the war. War. These are years of suffering and the most difficult trials for our people. Much has already become a legend, but no one should forget that the heroes of these legends are living people. Sparing no effort and life, they went head-to-head against the cruel enemy and won. Their memory is sacred, their glory lives on and will live forever in the hearts of the people.

The subscription librarian introduces the exhibition of books: “The Partisan Paths of Kasym Kaysenov.”

Librarian: In a few days, a special day will come for all our people. The day for which millions of lives were given. Victory Day! For all of us, May 9 is not only Victory Day, it is a day of sacred memory. With a feeling of deep gratitude, people remember those who fought and defended their homeland. We, who live in peacetime, not knowing the smoke of fires, the howl of shells overhead, today we remember with gratitude those who defended the Motherland, the peaceful, clear sky, we remember the feat of our grandfathers and fathers, grandmothers and mothers at the front and in the rear, for this Victory for all our people. We honor the memory of the heroes of the front and rear, we honor the war participants living among us, not only as a sign of gratitude and admiration for their great feat, but also because you have to take the baton from their hands, you are responsible for the future of the country, for its pure sky. There are only a few heroes of the Great Patriotic War left. And each of them is the last, because with them an entire era of our history passes away.

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